CN108029454A - Indoor cultivation method of morel - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention discloses indoor cultivation method of morel, includes the following steps：(1) hickory chick strain Tube propagation；(2) parent species induction tablet culture；(3) cultigen blake bottle culture；(4) bacterium bag inoculation and former base form period management.Indoor cultivation method of morel has following technological merit：The quality of hickory chick is good, and ratio of the bacterial strain height more than 8 centimetres is up to more than 60%.

Description

Indoor cultivation method of morel

Technical field

The present invention relates to fungus growing technique field.More particularly, to indoor cultivation method of morel.

Background technology

Hickory chick (Morel), also known as sheep tripe mushroom, sheep tripe dish, positive sparrow bacterium, be under the jurisdiction of Ascomycotina (Ascomycota), Discomycete (Discomycetes), Pezizale (Pezizales), Morchellaceae (Morchellaceae), morchella (Morchella).Sheep tripe is similar to outside hickory chick, and like the shape that honeycomb and cattle and sheep stomach turn, therefore and gain the name.Sheep tripe Bacterium is worldwide famous food, the dual-purpose macro fungi of medicine, and meat is tender and crisp, delicious and tasty, full of nutrition, is considered as paying tribute emperor from ancient times Treasure.Some researches show that Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers sporophore contains abundant protein, polysaccharide, rare amino acid, aliphatic acid, dimension life Element and various trace elements, aid digestion, beneficial stomach, phlegm-eliminiating and qi-regulating, prevention of arterial atherosis, enhancing immune function, it is antifatigue, Anti-aging, antitumor and other effects, it is deep to be welcome by domestic and international consumption market.

The morchella reported in the world shares 28 kinds, is distributed mainly on Asia, Europe, North America, Oceania etc.； China's morchella resource there are about 10 kinds compared with horn of plenty, be distributed mainly on Gansu, Qinghai, Sichuan, Yunnan, Hunan, Henan, The ground such as Hebei, Xinjiang, Jiangsu.

At present, hickory chick relies on naturally wild mostly, and yield is few, collection is difficult, far can not meet domestic and international consumption market Demand.Therefore, exploitation hickory chick artificial cultivation technique is always the hot spot of edible mushroom area research.From the nineties in last century Rise, the scientific research personnel in China has begun one's study the artificial cultivation technique of hickory chick, such as hayashishita bionic cultivation, Semi-artificial cultivation, cold Canopy/facility cultivation, plastic-film-covered cultivation etc..The research of domestic hickory chick artificial cultivation technique focuses primarily upon at present copies wild environment Condition is cultivated in outdoor, since outdoor planting environmental condition is difficult to control, cultivating rate is low, difficult management, constrains sheep tripe The process of bacterium large-scale production.And indoor growing edible mushroom can more easily control the cultivation conditions such as temperature, humidity, illumination, Easy to intensive manufacture and management.Therefore, the experience of the indoor growing of other edible mushrooms is used for reference, a set of science is worked out, is applicable in Hickory chick techique, realize the large-scale production of hickory chick, be the purpose of this subject study.

The content of the invention

It is an object of the present invention to provide the indoor cultivation method of morel that a kind of hickory chick yield is high, quality is good.

To reach above-mentioned purpose, the present invention uses following technical proposals：

Indoor cultivation method of morel, includes the following steps：

(1) hickory chick strain Tube propagation；

(2) parent species induction tablet culture；

(3) cultigen blake bottle culture；

(4) bacterium bag inoculation and former base form period management.

Above-mentioned indoor cultivation method of morel, in step (1)：Gather bacterial strain and be highly greater than or equal to 8cm, cap height More than or equal to the Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers sporophore of 3cm and cap width more than or equal to 2cm, spore is collected, carries out spore germination, through dividing 18 DEG C from, mother culture media cultures and purifying, obtain hickory chick strain, and be stored in test tube and be used as parent species.

Above-mentioned indoor cultivation method of morel, in step (1), the mother culture media is any in following media It is a kind of：

(A) PDA culture medium：The potato of 200g peelings is weighed, it is 1-2cm to be cut into volume³Block, be put into pot, add water 1000mL, is heated to seething with excitement, and keeps 20-30min, is filtered while hot with 2-8 layers of gauze, abandon filter residue and take filtrate, and water is added into filtrate To 1000mL, it is then placed in pot, adds glucose 20g and agar 20g, heat and stir completely molten to glucose and agar Solution, adds water to 1000mL, 121 DEG C of sterilizing 20min；

(B) bean sprouts culture medium：200g moyashi is weighed, is put into pot, adds water 1000mL, is heated to seething with excitement, keeps 20- 30min, is filtered, abandons filter residue and take filtrate, 1000mL is added water into filtrate, be then placed in pot while hot with 2-8 layers of gauze, is added Glucose 20g, agar 20g, KH₂PO₄ 1.5g、MgSO₄0.3g and VB₁8g, heats and stirs complete to glucose and agar Dissolving, adjusts pH and is 6.5 and adds water to 1000mL, 121 DEG C of sterilizing 20min；

(C) sawdust medium：300g oaks bits are weighed, is put into pot, adds water 1000mL, be heated to seething with excitement, keep 20- 30min, is filtered, abandons filter residue and take filtrate, 1000mL is added water into filtrate, be then placed in pot while hot with 2-8 layers of gauze, is added White sugar 20g, agar 20g, KH₂PO₄ 1.5g、MgSO₄0.3g and VB₁8g, heats and stirs completely molten to glucose and agar Solution, adjusts pH and is 6.5 and adds water to 1000mL, 121 DEG C of sterilizing 20min.

Above-mentioned indoor cultivation method of morel, in step (2)：The hickory chick strain being stored in test tube is taken out, is connect Kind is placed in 18 DEG C~22 DEG C incubator cultures in parent species inducing culture tablet；Parent species Fiber differentiation based formulas and preparation method It is as follows：By peptone 3g, yeast extract 5g, glucose 20g, agar 24g, magnesium sulfate 0.35g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.35g, nitric acid Potassium 1.25g, sodium butyrate 0.2g, folic acid 0.15g, vitamin B₁0.2g, vitamin B₆0.2g and vitamin C 0.2g are added to steaming In distilled water, stirring and dissolving, and add distilled water to total measurement (volume) to be 1000mL, 121 DEG C of sterilizing 20min.

Above-mentioned indoor cultivation method of morel, in step (3)：After mycelia covers with tablet, cultigen blake bottle is accessed Cultivate, the culture medium for cultivating formula and preparation method in cultigen blake bottle are as follows：Weed tree sawdust 70wt%, analysis for soybean powder 5wt%, wheat The lower fertile soil of bran 10wt%, corn flour 10wt%, gypsum 1wt%, glucose sugar 2wt%, calcium superphosphate 0.5wt%, tree 1wt%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.5wt%, 121 DEG C of sterilizing 20min；Weed tree sawdust is made of the sawdust of following parts by weight：Oak considers 20- to be worth doing 30-50 parts of 30 parts, 10-20 parts of pine sawdust, white poplar sawdust 20-40, mahogany bits 10-30 and jujube sawdust；Cultigen after inoculation Compost bottle, be placed in cleaning, lucifuge environment in cultivate, keep air humidity 50%~70%；Starting stage, indoor temperature are protected Hold 16 DEG C~20 DEG C；After charge level is covered with Morciiella Esculeuta Mycelia, temperature is raised to 20 DEG C~23 DEG C, mycelia is sealed after cultivating 15~20 days Face, grew to bottom of bottle after 20~25 days, and mycelia has thorough grasp compost, completes cultigen culture.

Above-mentioned indoor cultivation method of morel, in step (4)：Cultigen is inoculated in bacterium bag, the culture medium in bacterium bag Formula and preparation method are as follows：Weed tree sawdust 70wt%, analysis for soybean powder 5wt%, wheat bran 10wt%, corn flour 10wt%, gypsum The lower fertile soil 1wt% of 1wt%, glucose 2wt%, calcium superphosphate 0.5wt%, tree, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.5wt%, 121 DEG C of sterilizings 20min；Weed tree sawdust is made of the sawdust of following parts by weight：Oak consider to be worth doing 20-30 parts, 10-20 parts of pine sawdust, white poplar sawdust 20-40, Mahogany considers 30-50 parts of 10-30 and jujube sawdust to be worth doing；Bacterium bag after inoculation, be placed in cleaning, lucifuge environment in cultivate, keep air Humidity 50%~70%；Starting stage, indoor temperature are kept for 16 DEG C~20 DEG C；After charge level is covered with Morciiella Esculeuta Mycelia, by temperature 20 DEG C~23 DEG C are raised to, mycelia front cover after cultivating 15~20 days, mycelia has thorough grasp compost after 20~25 days, when gas occurs in mycelia After raw mycelia, spider-shaped fluid infusion hole is opened up on bacterium bag surface, each spider-shaped fluid infusion hole is by a center hole and from center 3-6 that circular hole edge extends around draw seam composition, and the aperture of center hole is 0.5-1cm, and the length for drawing seam is 1-2cm, The centre distance of adjacent center circular hole is 6-10cm, and carries out the management that following former base forms the phase：

(a) thermal stimulation：Daytime, room temperature control was at 20 DEG C~23 DEG C；It is 8 DEG C~12 DEG C at night, stimulates 6h~10h；

(b) light stimulation：Intensity of illumination is in 50lx~200lx, daily illumination 10h~14h；

(c) humid control：Relative air humidity is maintained at 60%~75%；

(d) divulge information：Every morning, at night noon, each ventilation 15min~20min, Huo Zhezao, evening each ventilation 30min；It is right Established sclerotium, removes the sclerotium on top layer or the sclerotium of patch bottle wall growth, supplements carbon containing nutrient solution, formed within 10-15 days former Base；

(e) after fructification is grown, room temperature is controlled at 20 DEG C~25 DEG C；Intensity of illumination is within 500lx, daily light application time More than or equal to 10h；Relative air humidity is maintained at 70%~90%；Daily ventilation time, according to the growth of fructification without Disconnected increase；The sporophore growth period management time is 15~20 days.

Above-mentioned indoor cultivation method of morel, in step (4), after charge level is covered with Morciiella Esculeuta Mycelia：

Watermelon leaf extract is uniformly sprayed to bacterium bag surface within first day, sprayed with amount 0.5-1 milliliters every square centimeter Apply；The preparation method of watermelon leaf extract is as follows：Fresh watermelon leaf is taken, is squeezed the juice, gained juice is heated to seething with excitement, after standing Filtering, gained filtrate is watermelon leaf extract；

Between uniformly spray Flos Cucurbitae extract to bacterium bag surface every two days, carried out with amount 0.5-1 milliliters every square centimeter Spray；The preparation method of Flos Cucurbitae extract is as follows：The pumpkin flower collected is soaked into 1-3 hour in water, is then placed in The refrigerating chamber of domestic refrigerator is squeezed the juice into freezing more than 1 day after the pumpkin flower after freezing is placed 1-2 hour at room temperature, will Gained juice filters after standing, and gained filtrate is Flos Cucurbitae extract；

Uniformly spray fresh kidney beans leaf extract to bacterium bag surface every two days between again, with amount 0.5-1 milliliters every square centimeter into Row sprays；The preparation method of fresh kidney beans leaf extract is as follows：Fresh fresh kidney beans leaf is taken, is squeezed the juice, gained juice is heated to seething with excitement, it is quiet Filtering is postponed, gained filtrate is fresh kidney beans leaf extract；

Later according to the above-mentioned method and order sprayed, circulate and sprayed to charge level, until harvesting hickory chick.

Beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows：

1st, the yield of hickory chick is high, and every bag of yield at least improves 20% than existing.

2nd, the quality of hickory chick is good, ratio, cap height ratio more than 3 centimetre of the bacterial strain height more than 8 centimetres And ratio of the cap width more than 2 centimetres is up to more than 60%.

Brief description of the drawings

The embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

The structure diagram in Fig. 1 spider-shaped fluid infusion hole；

Fig. 2 a Morciiella Esculeuta Mycelias cover with situation in PDA culture medium (temperature setting is 18 DEG C)；

Fig. 2 b Morciiella Esculeuta Mycelias cover with situation on the culture medium of bean sprouts (temperature setting is 18 DEG C)；

Fig. 2 c Morciiella Esculeuta Mycelias cover with situation on sawdust medium (temperature setting is 18 DEG C)；

Fig. 3 a Morciiella Esculeuta Mycelias dyeing microexamination (the common observation of dyeing)；

Fig. 3 b Morciiella Esculeuta Mycelias dyeing microexamination (under 400 times, DAPI dyeing observations, concentration is 1 μ g/mL)；

Fig. 3 c Morciiella Esculeuta Mycelias dyeing microexamination (under 400 times, DAPI dyeing observations, concentration is 2 μ g/mL)；

Fig. 3 d Morciiella Esculeuta Mycelias dyeing microexamination (under 400 times, DAPI dyeing observations, concentration is 4 μ g/mL)；

Fig. 3 e Morciiella Esculeuta Mycelias dyeing microexamination (under 400 times, DAPI dyeing observations, concentration is 5 μ g/mL)；

Fig. 3 f Morciiella Esculeuta Mycelias dyeing microexamination (under 400 times, DAPI dyeing observations, concentration is 6 μ g/mL).

Embodiment

In order to illustrate more clearly of the present invention, the present invention is done further with reference to preferred embodiments and drawings It is bright.Similar component is indicated with identical reference numeral in attached drawing.It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that institute is specific below The content of description is illustrative and be not restrictive, and should not be limited the scope of the invention with this.

First, growth change research of the Morciiella Esculeuta Mycelia under different temperatures, different humidity and different illumination conditions

Growth change of 1.1 Morciiella Esculeuta Mycelias under different temperatures, different humidity and different illumination conditions

The growth change of 1 Morciiella Esculeuta Mycelia of table at different temperatures

Note：- how many expression mycelial growths are weaker；Mycelial growth is stronger for ++++represent.

For Morciiella Esculeuta Mycelia under different cultivation temperatures, growth gap is larger, and temperature height has a great influence it.Temperature is excessive Or it is too low, mycelial growth all will slow down or stagnate；Below 25 DEG C, as temperature raises, mycelium growth vigor is accelerated, and pigment deepens Degree is also very fast, and aging is also fast；At 18 DEG C, the state of mycelial growth is optimal (table 1).

Growth change of 2 Morciiella Esculeuta Mycelia of table under different humidity

Note：- how many expression mycelial growths are weaker；Mycelial growth is stronger for ++++represent.

For Morciiella Esculeuta Mycelia under different culture humidity, growing state is variant, and humidity height has an impact its growth.Humidity Too high or too low, mycelial growth all will slow down or stagnate；Below 75% relative humidity, first risen with humidity rise mycelium growth vigor Decline after height；In 60% relative humidity, the state of mycelial growth is optimal (table 2).

3 Morciiella Esculeuta Mycelia of table growing state under different illumination intensity

Illumination intensity (Lx)	Average growth rate (cm/d)	Density	Sclerotium situation
				0	1.26	It is dense	+
100	1.03	It is denseer	++
				200	0.88	Generally	++
300	0.81	Generally	+++
				500	0.62	It is less	++++
1000	—	It is few	-

Note：+ how many change for representing mycelia sclerotium；The uranidin of mycelia is very strong for ++++represent ,-represent that growth is bad.

Intensity of illumination is strong and weak only to produce considerable influence to mycelia color in the range of low-light (level), when illumination is more than 1000Lx Afterwards, mycelia almost no longer grows；When illumination is 100Lx, mycelial growth rate is still very fast, but color have it is faint yellow from fading in vain Trend；When illumination is 300Lx, mycelial growth rate is slow, and color begins to change into yellow (table 3).When illumination is 0Lx, mycelia The speed of growth is very fast, mycelia is white；Under non-illuminated conditions, mycelia becomes dense by sparse as time went on, and color is gradually Yellowish-brown is changed to, and the sclerotium of yellow particle occurs.The result shows that the illumination in the range of low-light (level) grows speed to Morciiella Esculeuta Mycelia Degree and Sclerotia forming have considerable influence (table 3).

Observation on Growth of 1.2 Morciiella Esculeuta Mycelias on different culture media

4 Morciiella Esculeuta Mycelia of table growing state on different culture media (temperature is 18 DEG C)

Culture medium	Average growth rate (cm/d)	Density	The full ware time (d)	Pollution condition
					PDA culture medium	1.2	It is denseer	4	Nothing
Bean sprouts culture medium	0.7	Generally	6	Nothing
					Sawdust medium	1.5	It is dense	3	Nothing

PDA culture medium and sawdust medium mycelial growth are very fast, but mycelial form in PDA culture medium, color and Upgrowth situation is more preferable, and bean sprouts culture medium is poor.In PDA culture medium and during potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.5g, mycelial growth rate and length The time of full culture medium is respectively 1.2cm/d and 4 day, and its growth is more vigorous (Fig. 2 a-2c and table 4).The equal energy of Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers mycelium Grow, but differ greatly on above-mentioned three kinds of culture mediums.In addition, the potassium dihydrogen phosphate of suitable concentration can effectively aid in the life of mycelia It is long.

The microexamination of 1.3 Morciiella Esculeuta Mycelias dyeing

Under Leica DM2500 systems, the 4' of Morciiella Esculeuta Mycelia, 6- diamidinos -2-phenylindone (DAPI) fluorescence are observed Staining conditions；It is respectively 1 μ g/mL, 2 μ g/mL, 4 μ g/mL, 5 μ g/mL and 6 μ g/mL that DAPI concentration gradients, which are set,.Observation shows, The DAPI dyeing concentrations effective range of hyphal cell core is 2~6 μ g/mL, and nucleus light is as it can be seen that background is cleaner；Less than 2 μ G/mL nucleus may not be caught and background is relatively fuzzy, be in cloud cluster shape or sheet higher than 6 μ g/mL nucleus, smudgy； When DAPI concentration is 5 μ g/mL, coloring is preferably (Fig. 3 a-3f).

DAPI is common blue fluorescent dyes, can pass through complete cell membrane, close with the A-T bases of double-stranded DNA With reference to, under ultraviolet excitation, maximum absorption wave a length of 358nm, maximum emission wavelength 461nm, the wavelength model of its diverging light Enclose and cover blueness to dark green.Observing effect after various concentrations DAPI dyes Morciiella Esculeuta Mycelia is different, this may be with Its cell wall thickness is related；Also side light requirement of the mycelia to nucleic acid staining dye is different, needs to carry out in application Optimization.DAPI is a kind of dyestuff in higher sensitivity, it has the advantages that simple dyeing, small toxicity and beneficial to experimental observation.

2nd, indoor cultivation method of morel

Embodiment 1

The present embodiment indoor cultivation method of morel includes the following steps：

(1) hickory chick strain Tube propagation；

Collection bacterial strain is highly greater than or equal to 8cm, cap and is highly greater than or equal to more than or equal to 3cm and cap width The Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers sporophore of 2cm, collects spore, carries out spore germination, through separation, 18 DEG C of cultures of mother culture media and purifying, obtains To hickory chick strain, and it is stored in test tube and is used as parent species.The mother culture media is PDA culture medium：Weigh 200g peelings Potato, it is 1-2cm to be cut into volume³Block, be put into pot, add water 1000mL, be heated to seething with excitement, keep 20-30min, use 2-8 Layer gauze filter while hot, abandon filter residue and take filtrate, 1000mL is added water into filtrate, be then placed in pot, add glucose 20g and Agar 20g, heats and stirs to glucose and agar and be completely dissolved, and adds water to 1000mL, 121 DEG C of sterilizing 20min.

(2) parent species induction tablet culture；The hickory chick strain being stored in test tube is taken out, is inoculated in parent species Fiber differentiation Base tablet, is placed in 18 DEG C~22 DEG C incubator cultures；Parent species Fiber differentiation based formulas and preparation method are as follows：By peptone 3g, Yeast extract 5g, glucose 20g, agar 24g, magnesium sulfate 0.35g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.35g, potassium nitrate 1.25g, sodium butyrate 0.2g, folic acid 0.15g, vitamin B₁0.2g, vitamin B₆0.2g and vitamin C 0.2g are added in distilled water, and stirring is molten Solution, and add distilled water to total measurement (volume) to be 1000mL, 121 DEG C of sterilizing 20min.

(3) cultigen blake bottle culture；After mycelia covers with tablet, cultigen blake bottle culture, cultigen culture are accessed Culture medium for cultivating formula and preparation method in bottle is as follows：Weed tree sawdust 70wt%, analysis for soybean powder 5wt%, wheat bran 10wt%, corn flour The lower fertile soil 1wt% of 10wt%, gypsum 1wt%, glucose sugar 2wt%, calcium superphosphate 0.5wt%, tree, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.5wt%, 121 DEG C of sterilizing 20min；Weed tree sawdust is made of the sawdust of following parts by weight：It is oak bits 30Kg, pine sawdust 15Kg, white Poplar bits 20Kg, mahogany bits 20Kg and jujube sawdust 30Kg；Cultigen compost bottle after inoculation, is placed in cleaning, the ring of lucifuge Cultivated in border, keep air humidity 50%~70%；Starting stage, indoor temperature are kept for 16 DEG C~20 DEG C；Treat that charge level is covered with sheep After tripe bacterium mycelia, temperature is raised to 20 DEG C~23 DEG C, mycelia front cover after cultivating 15~20 days, bottom of bottle was grown to after 20~25 days, Mycelia has thorough grasp compost, completes cultigen culture.

(4) bacterium bag inoculation and former base form period management；Cultigen is inoculated in bacterium bag, culture medium prescription and system in bacterium bag Preparation Method is as follows：Weed tree sawdust 70wt%, analysis for soybean powder 5wt%, wheat bran 10wt%, corn flour 10wt%, gypsum 1wt%, glucose The lower fertile soil 1wt% of sugared 2wt%, calcium superphosphate 0.5wt%, tree, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.5wt%, 121 DEG C of sterilizing 20min；Weedtree Bits are made of the sawdust of following parts by weight：Oak bits 30Kg, pine sawdust 10Kg, white poplar sawdust 20Kg, mahogany bits 10Kg and jujube Sawdust 30Kg；Bacterium bag after inoculation, be placed in cleaning, lucifuge environment in cultivate, keep air humidity 50%~70%；Initial rank Section, indoor temperature are kept for 16 DEG C~20 DEG C；After charge level is covered with Morciiella Esculeuta Mycelia, temperature is raised to 20 DEG C~23 DEG C, culture 15 Mycelia front cover after~20 days, mycelia has thorough grasp compost after 20~25 days, after aerial hyphae occurs in mycelia, on bacterium bag surface Spider-shaped fluid infusion hole is opened up, what each spider-shaped fluid infusion hole extended around by a center hole 1 and from 1 edge of center hole 4 are drawn the composition of seam 2 (angle between adjacent stroke of seam 2 is 90 degree), and the aperture of center hole 1 is 0.5-1cm, draws the length of seam 2 For 1-2cm, the centre distance of adjacent center circular hole 1 is 6-10cm, and stroke seam 2 in spider-shaped fluid infusion hole will effectively can spray The liquid guide flow on bacterium bag surface can also meet need of the culture medium to oxygen together on culture medium, drawing seam 2 with center hole 1 Ask；And draw seam 2 from 1 edge of center hole around to extend so that bacterial strain can easily grow bacterium bag surface, can Constraint of the bacterium bag to strain growth is released in time, mitigates the workload of hand inspection bacterium bag；Since the setting for drawing seam 2 causes center The aperture of circular hole 1 can open up smaller, and avoid and center hole 1 is densely opened up in bacterium bag, so on the one hand The moisture-keeping function to culture medium can be played, on the other hand protection can also be formed to the mycelia on culture medium and reduce extraneous miscellaneous Bacterium enters.

And carry out the management that following former base forms the phase：

(a) thermal stimulation：Daytime, room temperature control was at 20 DEG C~23 DEG C；It is 8 DEG C~12 DEG C at night, stimulates 6h~10h；

(b) light stimulation：Intensity of illumination is in 50lx~200lx, daily illumination 10h~14h；

(c) humid control：Relative air humidity is maintained at 60%~75%；

(d) divulge information：Every morning, at night noon, each ventilation 15min~20min, Huo Zhezao, evening each ventilation 30min；It is right Established sclerotium, removes the sclerotium on top layer or the sclerotium of patch bottle wall growth, supplements carbon containing nutrient solution, formed within 10-15 days former Base；

(e) after fructification is grown, room temperature is controlled at 20 DEG C~25 DEG C；Intensity of illumination is within 500lx, daily light application time More than or equal to 10h；Relative air humidity is maintained at 70%~90%；Daily ventilation time, according to the growth of fructification without Disconnected increase；The sporophore growth period management time is 15~20 days.

Embodiment 2

The present embodiment indoor cultivation method of morel includes the following steps：

(1) hickory chick strain Tube propagation；

Collection bacterial strain is highly greater than or equal to 8cm, cap and is highly greater than or equal to more than or equal to 3cm and cap width The Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers sporophore of 2cm, collects spore, carries out spore germination, through separation, 18 DEG C of cultures of mother culture media and purifying, obtains To hickory chick strain, and it is stored in test tube and is used as parent species.The mother culture media is PDA culture medium：Weigh 200g peelings Potato, it is 1-2cm to be cut into volume³Block, be put into pot, add water 1000mL, be heated to seething with excitement, keep 20-30min, use 2-8 Layer gauze filter while hot, abandon filter residue and take filtrate, 1000mL is added water into filtrate, be then placed in pot, add glucose 20g and Agar 20g, heats and stirs to glucose and agar and be completely dissolved, and adds water to 1000mL, 121 DEG C of sterilizing 20min.

(2) parent species induction tablet culture；The hickory chick strain being stored in test tube is taken out, is inoculated in parent species Fiber differentiation Base tablet, is placed in 18 DEG C~22 DEG C incubator cultures；Parent species Fiber differentiation based formulas and preparation method are as follows：By peptone 3g, Yeast extract 5g, glucose 20g, agar 24g, magnesium sulfate 0.35g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.35g, potassium nitrate 1.25g, sodium butyrate 0.2g, folic acid 0.15g, vitamin B₁0.2g, vitamin B₆0.2g and vitamin C 0.2g are added in distilled water, and stirring is molten Solution, and add distilled water to total measurement (volume) to be 1000mL, 121 DEG C of sterilizing 20min.

(3) cultigen blake bottle culture；After mycelia covers with tablet, cultigen blake bottle culture, cultigen culture are accessed Culture medium for cultivating formula and preparation method in bottle is as follows：Weed tree sawdust 70wt%, analysis for soybean powder 5wt%, wheat bran 10wt%, corn flour The lower fertile soil 1wt% of 10wt%, gypsum 1wt%, glucose sugar 2wt%, calcium superphosphate 0.5wt%, tree, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.5wt%, 121 DEG C of sterilizing 20min；Weed tree sawdust is made of the sawdust of following parts by weight：It is oak bits 20Kg, pine sawdust 20Kg, white Poplar bits 30Kg, mahogany bits 10Kg and jujube sawdust 30Kg；Cultigen compost bottle after inoculation, is placed in cleaning, the ring of lucifuge Cultivated in border, keep air humidity 50%~70%；Starting stage, indoor temperature are kept for 16 DEG C~20 DEG C；Treat that charge level is covered with sheep After tripe bacterium mycelia, temperature is raised to 20 DEG C~23 DEG C, mycelia front cover after cultivating 15~20 days, bottom of bottle was grown to after 20~25 days, Mycelia has thorough grasp compost, completes cultigen culture.

(4) bacterium bag inoculation and former base form period management；Cultigen is inoculated in bacterium bag, culture medium prescription and system in bacterium bag Preparation Method is as follows：Weed tree sawdust 70wt%, analysis for soybean powder 5wt%, wheat bran 10wt%, corn flour 10wt%, gypsum 1wt%, glucose The lower fertile soil 1wt% of sugared 2wt%, calcium superphosphate 0.5wt%, tree, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.5wt%, 121 DEG C of sterilizing 20min；Weedtree Bits are made of the sawdust of following parts by weight：Oak bits 20Kg, pine sawdust 10Kg, white poplar sawdust 30Kg, mahogany bits 10Kg and jujube Sawdust 30Kg；

Bacterium bag after inoculation, be placed in cleaning, lucifuge environment in cultivate, keep air humidity 50%~70%；

Starting stage, indoor temperature are kept for 16 DEG C~20 DEG C；

After charge level is covered with Morciiella Esculeuta Mycelia, temperature is raised to 20 DEG C~23 DEG C, mycelia front cover after cultivating 15~20 days；And And from after charge level is covered with Morciiella Esculeuta Mycelia, watermelon leaf extract is uniformly sprayed to bacterium bag surface within first day, with every square centimeter 0.5-1 milliliters of amount is sprayed；The preparation method of watermelon leaf extract is as follows：Fresh watermelon leaf is taken, is squeezed the juice, by gained juice Liquid is heated to seething with excitement, and is filtered after standing, and gained filtrate is watermelon leaf extract；Pumpkin is uniformly sprayed to bacterium bag surface within second day Flower extract, is sprayed with amount 0.5-1 milliliters every square centimeter；The preparation method of Flos Cucurbitae extract is as follows：Will collection To pumpkin flower soak 1-3 hour in water, the refrigerating chamber of domestic refrigerator is then placed in into freezing more than 1 day, after freezing Pumpkin flower place 1-2 hour at room temperature after squeeze the juice, will gained juice stand after filter, gained filtrate is that pumpkin flower carries Take thing；Fresh kidney beans leaf extract is uniformly sprayed to bacterium bag surface within 3rd day, sprayed with amount 0.5-1 milliliters every square centimeter daily Apply；The preparation method of fresh kidney beans leaf extract is as follows：Fresh fresh kidney beans leaf is taken, is squeezed the juice, gained juice is heated to seething with excitement, after standing Filtering, gained filtrate is fresh kidney beans leaf extract；Carried successively according to watermelon leaf extract, Flos Cucurbitae extract and fresh kidney beans leaf later The order of thing is taken, circulates and is sprayed to charge level, until harvesting hickory chick；Mycelia has thorough grasp compost after 20~25 days；When mycelia goes out After existing aerial hyphae, spider-shaped fluid infusion hole is opened up on bacterium bag surface, each spider-shaped fluid infusion hole is by a center hole 1 and certainly The 4 strokes of compositions of seam 2 (angle between adjacent stroke of seam 2 is 90 degree) that 1 edge of center hole extends around, center hole 1 Aperture is 0.5-1cm, and the length for drawing seam 2 is 1-2cm, and the centre distance of adjacent center circular hole 1 is 6-10cm, spider-shaped fluid infusion hole Draw seam 2 and can will effectively spray liquid guide flow on bacterium bag surface to culture medium, draw seam 2 can also and center holes 1 Meets the needs of culture medium is to oxygen together；And draw seam 2 from 1 edge of center hole around to extend so that bacterial strain can be non- Bacterium bag surface is easily often grown, constraint of the bacterium bag to strain growth can be released in time, mitigates the work of hand inspection bacterium bag Amount；Since the setting for drawing seam 2 allows the aperture of center hole 1 to open up smaller, and avoid intensive in bacterium bag Ground opens up center hole 1, on the one hand can so play the moisture-keeping function to culture medium, on the other hand can also be on culture medium Mycelia form protection and reduce extraneous miscellaneous bacteria and enter.

And carry out the management that following former base forms the phase：

(a) thermal stimulation：Daytime, room temperature control was at 20 DEG C~23 DEG C；It is 8 DEG C~12 DEG C at night, stimulates 6h~10h；

(b) light stimulation：Intensity of illumination is in 50lx~200lx, daily illumination 10h~14h；

(c) humid control：Relative air humidity is maintained at 60%~75%；

(d) divulge information：Every morning, at night noon, each ventilation 15min~20min, Huo Zhezao, evening each ventilation 30min；It is right Established sclerotium, removes the sclerotium on top layer or the sclerotium of patch bottle wall growth, supplements carbon containing nutrient solution, formed within 10-15 days former Base；

(e) after fructification is grown, room temperature is controlled at 20 DEG C~25 DEG C；Intensity of illumination is within 500lx, daily light application time More than or equal to 10h；Relative air humidity is maintained at 70%~90%；Daily ventilation time, according to the growth of fructification without Disconnected increase；The sporophore growth period management time is 15~20 days.

Embodiment 1 and embodiment 2 cultivate 100 bags of the bacterium bag of same specification respectively, respectively to finally adopting received hickory chick Bacterial strain is counted, and statistical result is as shown in table 5.

Table 5

	Embodiment 1	Embodiment 2
			Quantitative proportion of the bacterial strain height more than 8 centimetres	61.9%	80.3%
Quantitative proportion of the cap height more than 3 centimetres	63.6%	84.7%
			Quantitative proportion of the cap width more than 2 centimetres	60.8%	81.5%

Note：

* the bacterial strain that bacterial strain is highly greater than or equal to 3 centimetres is gathered, less than 3 centimetres of bacterial strain is without statistics.

* collections bacterial strain is highly greater than or equal to 1 centimetre of bacterial strain, and less than 1 centimetre of bacterial strain is without statistics.

Obviously, the above embodiment of the present invention is only intended to clearly illustrate example of the present invention, and is not pair The restriction of embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the field, may be used also on the basis of the above description To make other variations or changes in different ways, all embodiments can not be exhaustive here, it is every to belong to this hair Row of the obvious changes or variations that bright technical solution is extended out still in protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. indoor cultivation method of morel, it is characterised in that include the following steps：

(1) hickory chick strain Tube propagation；

(2) parent species induction tablet culture；

(3) cultigen blake bottle culture；

(4) bacterium bag inoculation and former base form period management.

2. indoor cultivation method of morel according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step (1)：It is high to gather bacterial strain Degree is highly greater than or equal to 3cm more than or equal to 8cm, cap and cap width is greater than or equal to the Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers sporophore of 2cm, receives Collect spore, carry out spore germination, through separation, 18 DEG C of cultures of mother culture media and purifying, obtain hickory chick strain, and preserve Parent species are used as in test tube.

3. indoor cultivation method of morel according to claim 2, it is characterised in that in step (1), the parent species training It is any one in following media to support base：

(A) PDA culture medium：The potato of 200g peelings is weighed, it is 1-2cm to be cut into volume³Block, be put into pot, add water 1000mL, is heated to seething with excitement, and keeps 20-30min, is filtered while hot with 2-8 layers of gauze, abandon filter residue and take filtrate, and water is added into filtrate To 1000mL, it is then placed in pot, adds glucose 20g and agar 20g, heat and stir completely molten to glucose and agar Solution, adds water to 1000mL, 121 DEG C of sterilizing 20min；

(B) bean sprouts culture medium：200g moyashi is weighed, is put into pot, adds water 1000mL, is heated to seething with excitement, keeps 20-30min, Filtered while hot with 2-8 layers of gauze, abandon filter residue and take filtrate, 1000mL is added water into filtrate, be then placed in pot, add glucose 20g, agar 20g, KH₂PO₄ 1.5g、MgSO₄0.3g and VB₁8g, heats and stirs to glucose and agar and be completely dissolved, and adjusts Save pH to be 6.5 and add water to 1000mL, 121 DEG C of sterilizing 20min；

(C) sawdust medium：300g oaks bits are weighed, is put into pot, adds water 1000mL, be heated to seething with excitement, keep 20-30min, Filtered while hot with 2-8 layers of gauze, abandon filter residue and take filtrate, 1000mL is added water into filtrate, be then placed in pot, add white sugar 20g, agar 20g, KH₂PO₄ 1.5g、MgSO₄0.3g and VB₁8g, heats and stirs to glucose and agar and be completely dissolved, and adjusts Save pH to be 6.5 and add water to 1000mL, 121 DEG C of sterilizing 20min.

4. indoor cultivation method of morel according to claim 3, it is characterised in that in step (2)：Examination will be stored in Hickory chick strain in pipe takes out, and is inoculated in parent species inducing culture tablet, is placed in 18 DEG C~22 DEG C incubator cultures；Parent species lure Lead culture medium prescription and preparation method is as follows：By peptone 3g, yeast extract 5g, glucose 20g, agar 24g, magnesium sulfate 0.35g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.35g, potassium nitrate 1.25g, sodium butyrate 0.2g, folic acid 0.15g, vitamin B₁0.2g, vitamin B₆ 0.2g and vitamin C 0.2g are added in distilled water, stirring and dissolving, and add distilled water to total measurement (volume) to be 1000mL, and 121 DEG C go out Bacterium 20min.

5. indoor cultivation method of morel according to claim 4, it is characterised in that in step (3)：Treat that mycelia is covered with After tablet, cultigen blake bottle culture is accessed, the culture medium for cultivating formula and preparation method in cultigen blake bottle are as follows：Weedtree Consider 70wt%, analysis for soybean powder 5wt%, wheat bran 10wt%, corn flour 10wt%, gypsum 1wt%, glucose sugar 2wt%, calcium superphosphate to be worth doing The lower fertile soil 1wt% of 0.5wt%, tree, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.5wt%, 121 DEG C of sterilizing 20min；Weed tree sawdust is by following parts by weight Sawdust forms：20-30 parts of oak bits, 10-20 parts of pine sawdust, white poplar sawdust 20-40, mahogany bits 10-30 and jujube sawdust 30- 50 parts；Cultigen compost bottle after inoculation, be placed in cleaning, lucifuge environment in cultivate, keep air humidity 50%~70%； Starting stage, indoor temperature are kept for 16 DEG C~20 DEG C；After charge level is covered with Morciiella Esculeuta Mycelia, temperature is raised to 20 DEG C~23 DEG C, Mycelia front cover after cultivating 15~20 days, grew to bottom of bottle after 20~25 days, and mycelia has thorough grasp compost, completes cultigen culture.

6. indoor cultivation method of morel according to claim 5, it is characterised in that in step (4)：Cultigen is connect Culture medium prescription and preparation method of the kind in bacterium bag, bacterium bag are as follows：Weed tree sawdust 70wt%, analysis for soybean powder 5wt%, wheat bran The lower fertile soil 1wt% of 10wt%, corn flour 10wt%, gypsum 1wt%, glucose 2wt%, calcium superphosphate 0.5wt%, tree, phosphorus Acid dihydride potassium 0.5wt%, 121 DEG C of sterilizing 20min；Weed tree sawdust is made of the sawdust of following parts by weight：Oak considers 20-30 parts, pine to be worth doing 30-50 parts of 10-20 parts of sawdust, white poplar sawdust 20-40, mahogany bits 10-30 and jujube sawdust；Bacterium bag after inoculation, is placed in clear Cultivated in clean, lucifuge environment, keep air humidity 50%~70%；Starting stage, indoor temperature are kept for 16 DEG C~20 DEG C；Treat After charge level is covered with Morciiella Esculeuta Mycelia, temperature is raised to 20 DEG C~23 DEG C, mycelia front cover after cultivating 15~20 days, after 20~25 days Mycelia has thorough grasp compost, after aerial hyphae occurs in mycelia, spider-shaped fluid infusion hole is opened up on bacterium bag surface, each spider-shaped is mended Fluid apertures is made of a center hole (1) and the 3-6 strokes of seams (2) extended around from center hole (1) edge, center hole (1) aperture is 0.5-1cm, and the length for drawing seam (2) is 1-2cm, and the centre distance of adjacent center circular hole (1) is 6-10cm, and Carry out the management that following former base forms the phase：

(a) thermal stimulation：Daytime, room temperature control was at 20 DEG C~23 DEG C；It is 8 DEG C~12 DEG C at night, stimulates 6h~10h；

(b) light stimulation：Intensity of illumination is in 50lx~200lx, daily illumination 10h~14h；

(c) humid control：Relative air humidity is maintained at 60%~75%；

(d) divulge information：Every morning, at night noon, each ventilation 15min~20min, Huo Zhezao, evening each ventilation 30min；To shape Into sclerotium, the sclerotium of the sclerotium on top layer or patch bottle wall growth is removed, supplements carbon containing nutrient solution, 10-15 days formation former bases；

(e) after fructification is grown, room temperature is controlled at 20 DEG C~25 DEG C；Within 500lx, daily light application time is more than intensity of illumination Or equal to 10h；Relative air humidity is maintained at 70%~90%；Daily ventilation time, constantly increases according to the growth of fructification Add；The sporophore growth period management time is 15~20 days.

7. indoor cultivation method of morel according to claim 6, it is characterised in that in step (4), treat that charge level is covered with After Morciiella Esculeuta Mycelia：

Watermelon leaf extract is uniformly sprayed to bacterium bag surface within first day, sprayed with amount 0.5-1 milliliters every square centimeter；West The preparation method of melon leaf extract is as follows：Fresh watermelon leaf is taken, is squeezed the juice, gained juice is heated to seething with excitement, is filtered after standing, Gained filtrate is watermelon leaf extract；

Between uniformly spray Flos Cucurbitae extract to bacterium bag surface every two days, sprayed with amount 0.5-1 milliliters every square centimeter； The preparation method of Flos Cucurbitae extract is as follows：The pumpkin flower collected is soaked into 1-3 hour in water, is then placed in family expenses ice The refrigerating chamber of case is squeezed the juice, by gained juice into freezing more than 1 day after the pumpkin flower after freezing is placed 1-2 hour at room temperature Liquid filters after standing, and gained filtrate is Flos Cucurbitae extract；

Fresh kidney beans leaf extract is uniformly sprayed to bacterium bag surface every two days between again, is sprayed with amount 0.5-1 milliliters every square centimeter Apply；The preparation method of fresh kidney beans leaf extract is as follows：Fresh fresh kidney beans leaf is taken, is squeezed the juice, gained juice is heated to seething with excitement, after standing Filtering, gained filtrate is fresh kidney beans leaf extract；

Later according to the above-mentioned method and order sprayed, circulate and sprayed to charge level, until harvesting hickory chick.