CN108023078A - A kind of nickelic tertiary cathode material of monocrystalline pattern and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of nickelic tertiary cathode material of monocrystalline pattern and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108023078A CN108023078A CN201711242826.9A CN201711242826A CN108023078A CN 108023078 A CN108023078 A CN 108023078A CN 201711242826 A CN201711242826 A CN 201711242826A CN 108023078 A CN108023078 A CN 108023078A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/362—Composites
- H01M4/366—Composites as layered products
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/485—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of mixed oxides or hydroxides for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiTi2O4 or LiTi2OxFy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/50—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese
- H01M4/505—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/52—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
- H01M4/525—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
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- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of nickelic tertiary cathode material of monocrystalline pattern and preparation method thereof, the preparation method includes the following steps:(1) soluble nickel salt, soluble cobalt, soluble manganese salt, precipitating reagent are mixed with complexing agent, heating reaction, obtains presoma;(2) presoma, lithium compound are mixed with doping metals compound, is sintered in oxygen atmosphere, obtain base material;(3) base material is mixed with detergent, stirred, centrifuged and dry, then uniformly mixed with covering, obtain cladding product;(4) the cladding product is sintered, obtains the nickelic tertiary cathode material of monocrystalline pattern.The nickelic positive electrode that the present invention is prepared has the pattern of single crystal-like, and compacted density is high, and energy density is high, and residual alkali number is low, and processing performance is good;Meanwhile the introducing of doped chemical, make that there is higher cycle performance by lithium ion battery prepared by the nickelic positive electrode of the present invention, clad also improves circulation and the security performance of material.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to positive electrode technical field, and in particular to a kind of nickelic tertiary cathode material of monocrystalline pattern and its system
Preparation Method.
Background technology
The advantages such as height ratio capacity that lithium ion battery has, environmental-friendly, memory-less effect, just promote it to be widely used in
In the daily raw words of people, become the source of portable power, and the energy density of battery is also being continuously improved.
Due to cobalt acid lithium LiCoO2Specific capacity compared with ternary material (LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2Deng) low, cause the energy of battery
Metric density can not do height, and therefore, more and more battery core producers start gradually to use ternary material, according to statistics, LiCoO2Go out
Goods amount is existing largely to be declined.The developing direction of ternary material is partial to high voltage or nickelic ternary material at present, wherein,
The specific capacity of nickelic ternary material is higher, under the voltage range of 3.0V~4.3V, 0.1C specific discharge capacities up to 200mAh/g with
On, also, enterprise of Japan and Korea S just steps up to be laid out nickelic ternary material.But nickelic ternary material still has the disadvantages that:(1) press
Real density is still relatively low, limits further improving for energy density;(2) remaining total alkali content is higher, causes to prepare battery core
Range request is stringent, and high-temperature storage performance is not good enough.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are to overcome the technological deficiency of background technology, there is provided a kind of monocrystalline pattern is nickelic
Tertiary cathode material and preparation method thereof.The nickelic positive electrode that the present invention is prepared has the pattern of single crystal-like, compacting
Density is high, and energy density is high, and residual alkali number is low, and processing performance is good;Meanwhile the introducing of doped chemical, make by monocrystalline of the present invention
Lithium ion battery prepared by the nickelic positive electrode of looks has higher cycle performance, and clad also improves circulation and the peace of material
Full performance.
Technological means is used by the present invention solves above-mentioned technical problem:
A kind of nickelic tertiary cathode material of monocrystalline pattern, it is characterised in that the nickelic positive electrode of monocrystalline pattern includes:
Base material, the base material are the compound shown in Formulas I:
LinNi1-x-yCoxMnyMzO2Formulas I;
In Formulas I, 0.95≤n≤1.15,0.00 < x≤0.30,0.00 < y≤0.10,0≤z≤0.05,
The M is any one or more in Mg, Zr, Al, Ti, Sr, Nb, Y, F, La;
The surface of the base material is coated with coating layer;The clad include cladding element, it is described cladding element for Al,
Any one or more in Ba, Zn, Ti, W, Y, Si, Sn, B;
The nickelic tertiary cathode material is monocrystalline pattern.
Preferably, the D50 of the nickelic tertiary cathode material of monocrystalline pattern is 2~8 μm.
Preferably, element and Ni/Co/Mn summations in the nickelic positive electrode of monocrystalline pattern are coated in the clad
Molar ratio is A;0.00 < A≤0.05.
Preferably, the M is the metallic element in doping metals compound, and the doping metals compound is Mg chemical combination
In thing, Zr compounds, Al compounds, Ti compounds, Sr compounds, Nb compounds, Y compounds, F compounds, La compounds
Any one or more.
Preferably, the ratio of nickel element, cobalt element and manganese element total mole number is z in the molal quantity and presoma of the M,
0≤z≤0.05。
A kind of preparation method of the nickelic tertiary cathode material of monocrystalline pattern, comprises the following steps:
(1) soluble nickel salt, soluble cobalt, soluble manganese salt are mixed with deionized water, obtains solution A;Will precipitation
Agent is mixed with deionized water, obtains solution B;Complexing agent is mixed with deionized water, obtains solution C;By the solution A, solution B
Form with solution C by cocurrent, while be passed into reaction kettle and mix, heat, carry out coprecipitation reaction, after the completion of reaction,
Aged, washing, drying, obtain presoma, i.e. Ni1-x-yCoxMny(OH)2;Nickel ion, soluble cobalt in the soluble nickel salt
The molar ratio of cobalt ions and manganese ion in soluble manganese salt is (1-x-y) in salt: x: y, 0.00 < x≤0.30;0.00 < y≤
0.10;
(2) step (1) presoma, lithium compound are mixed with doping metals compound, are sintered in oxygen atmosphere,
Base material is obtained after cooling down, crushing;The base material is the compound shown in Formulas I:
LinNi1-x-yCoxMnyMzO2Formulas I;
In Formulas I, 0.95≤n≤1.15,0.00 < x≤0.30,0.00 < y≤0.10,0≤z≤0.05,
The M is any one or more in Mg, Zr, Al, Ti, Sr, Nb, Y, F, La;
(3) step (2) described base material is mixed with detergent, stirred, centrifuged and dry, by dried base material and cladding
Agent uniformly mixes, and obtains cladding product;The covering include cladding element, it is described cladding element for Al, Ba, Zn, Ti, W, Y,
Any one or more in Si, Sn, B;
(4) step (3) the cladding product is sintered in oxygen atmosphere, through cooling, sieving, obtains monocrystalline pattern
Nickelic tertiary cathode material.
Preferably, in the step (1), the soluble nickel salt is any one in nickel sulfate, nickelous carbonate, nickel nitrate
It is or a variety of.
Preferably, in the step (1), the soluble cobalt is any one in cobaltous sulfate, cobalt carbonate and cobalt nitrate
Kind is a variety of.
Preferably, in the step (1), the solubility manganese salt is any one in manganese sulfate, manganese nitrate, manganese chloride
It is or a variety of.
Preferably, in the step (1), the precipitating reagent is potassium hydroxide and/or sodium hydroxide.
Preferably, in the step (1), the complexing agent be ammonium hydroxide, disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate, sulfosalicylic acid,
Any one or more in glycine.
Preferably, in the step (1), the concentration of metal ion is 1.5~4.0mol/L in the solution A.
Preferably, in the step (1), the concentration of the solution B is preferably 6~10mol/L, more preferably 7~9mol/
L, is further preferably 8mol/L.
Preferably, in the step (1), the concentration of the solution C is 120~140mol/L.
Preferably, in the step (1), the flow velocity of the solution A is 20~80ml/min.
Preferably, in the step (1), the flow velocity of the solution B is 5~50ml/min.
Preferably, in the step (1), the flow velocity of the solution C is 5~30ml/min.
Preferably, in the step (1), the pH value of reaction solution is 10.0~13.0 during the mixing, more preferably 11.5
~13.0, it is most preferably 11.5~12.5.
Preferably, in the step (1), the temperature of the coprecipitation reaction is 40~60 DEG C, more preferably 50~60 DEG C.
Preferably, in the step (1), the time of the coprecipitation reaction is 10~25h.
Preferably, in the step (1), the pH value of reaction solution is 10.0~13.0 during the coprecipitation reaction, more
Preferably 11.0~13.0, it is further preferably 11.5~13.0, is most preferably 11.5~12.5.
Preferably, in the step (1), the D50 of the presoma is 2~8 μm, more preferably 2~6 μm.
Preferably, in the step (2), the lithium compound is lithium carbonate, lithium hydroxide, lithium peroxide, lithium acetate, sulphur
Any one or more in sour lithium, lithium nitrate, lithium chloride.
Preferably, in the step (2), the M be doping metals compound in metallic element, the doping metals
Compound for Mg compounds, Zr compounds, Al compounds, Ti compounds, Sr compounds, Nb compounds, Y compounds, F compounds,
Any one or more in La compounds.
Preferably, in the step (2), nickel element, cobalt element and manganese element always rub in the molal quantity and presoma of the M
The ratio of your number is z, 0≤z≤0.05.
Preferably, in the step (2), the temperature of the sintering is 700~900 DEG C, more preferably 700~850 DEG C, then
Preferably 740~850 DEG C, be most preferably 800~850 DEG C.
Preferably, in the step (2), the time of the sintering is 10~20h, more preferably 12~20h, further preferably for
12~18h, is most preferably 12~15h.
Preferably, in the step (3), the detergent is any one or more in water, ethanol, propyl alcohol, acetone.
Preferably, in the step (3), the covering is the change well known to those skilled in the art including coating element
Compound, has no special limitation, more preferably includes the ammonium salt of cladding element including coats the nitrate of element with including
Coat the one or more in the carbonate of element.
Preferably, in the step (3), the molal quantity of the cladding element is nickel element, cobalt element and manganese in presoma
Element total moles compare A;0.00 < A≤0.05.
Preferably, in the step (4), the sintering temperature is 300~800 DEG C, more preferably 300~700 DEG C, then excellent
Elect 350~650 DEG C as, more preferably 350~600 DEG C, be most preferably 350~550 DEG C.
Preferably, in the step (4), the sintering time is 10~20h.
Present invention also offers a kind of lithium ion battery, the positive electrode of the lithium ion battery is above-mentioned technical proposal institute
A kind of monocrystalline pattern is prepared in a kind of nickelic tertiary cathode material of monocrystalline pattern stated, or method described in above-mentioned technical proposal
Nickelic tertiary cathode material.
The basic principle of the present invention:
The present invention is prepared by presoma and the size distribution and one of the granular precursor that improves of pyrogenic process sintering process
Size of secondary particle etc., sintering process optimize pattern, dispersiveness and the crystal form of particle, and increase cladding process, optimizes material
Physical and chemical index, lifts material processing performance, makes the energy density of battery have larger lifting.
Compared with prior art, technical scheme has the following advantages that:
(1) compared with traditional secondary ball-type ternary material, the crystallization of the nickelic tertiary cathode material of monocrystalline pattern of the present invention
Higher is spent, structural stability is good, can improve lithium ion transport efficiency, reduces material and the generation of electrolyte side reaction;
(2) the nickelic tertiary cathode material of monocrystalline pattern of the present invention is it is possible to prevente effectively from the material of material in process is broken
Broken phenomenon, improves the compacted density of material;
(3) the nickelic positive electrode that the present invention is prepared has the pattern of single crystal-like, and compacted density is high, energy density
Height, residual alkali number is low, and processing performance is good;
(4) introducing of doped chemical, makes to be had by lithium ion battery prepared by the nickelic positive electrode of monocrystalline pattern of the present invention
Higher cycle performance, clad also improve circulation and the security performance of material.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the SEM figures for the nickelic positive electrode of monocrystalline pattern that the embodiment of the present invention 1 is prepared;
Fig. 2 is button cell and the implementation for the nickelic positive electrode composition of monocrystalline pattern that the embodiment of the present invention 1 is prepared
The button cell charge and discharge cycles capacity retention ratio curve map for the nickelic positive electrode composition of monocrystalline pattern that example 2 is prepared
(4.3V, 25 DEG C).
Embodiment
Content for a better understanding of the present invention, is described further with reference to specific embodiments and the drawings.Ying Li
Solution, these embodiments are only used for that the present invention is further described, rather than limit the scope of the invention.In addition, it should also be understood that,
After having read present disclosure, person skilled in art makes the present invention some nonessential changes or adjustment, still belongs to
In protection scope of the present invention.
Raw material used in following embodiments of the present invention is commercial goods.
The present invention does not have special limitation to the preparation method of the lithium ion battery, using known to those skilled in the art
The technical solution that positive electrode is prepared into lithium ion battery.
Embodiment 1
(1) solution A by Ni: Co: Mn molar ratio 8.0: 1.0: 1.0 is prepared, concentration of metal ions 1.5mol/L, is prepared
Concentration is the NaOH solution of 5mol/L;Compound concentration is the ammonia spirit of 9mol/L;By solution A (flow velocity 30ml/min), NaOH
Solution (flow velocity 10ml/min), ammonia spirit (flow velocity 8ml/min) while it is passed through in reaction kettle, it is 11.5~12.5 to control pH,
Temperature 50 C, is reacted, and is reacted and is completed after 20h, by being aged, washing, drying, obtains the presoma that D50 is 3 μm
Ni0.8Co0.1Mn0.1(OH)2;
(2) by step (1) presoma, with lithium hydroxide, ZrO2Mixing, wherein, lithium:Transition metal (Ni+Co+Mn)
Molar ratio be the 0.005 of the amount that 1.04, Zr additions are (Ni+Co+Mn) material, in 840 DEG C of oxygen atmosphere sintering, sintering
Between 15h, obtain base material after cooling down, crushing;
(3) by step (2) base material, after washing drying, uniformly mixed with alumina in Nano level, the addition of Al is
(Ni+Co+Mn) the 0.005 of the amount of material;Then in 750 DEG C of sintering of oxygen atmosphere, sintering time 12h, that is, obtain monocrystalline looks
Nickelic tertiary cathode material, its base material are LiNi0.796Co0.105Mn0.099Zr0.005O2。
Using scanning electron microscope and ICP (inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometer) to being obtained in embodiment 1
To the nickelic tertiary cathode material of monocrystalline pattern analyzed, obtain its stereoscan photograph (such as Fig. 1) and component (such as table 1).
Using the technical solution well known to those skilled in the art that positive electrode is prepared into lithium ion battery, by embodiment
The nickelic tertiary cathode material of monocrystalline pattern obtained in 1 is assembled into button cell, and specific method is:By obtained positive electrode,
Acetylene black is weighed with Kynoar (PVDF) by 96: 2: 2 mass ratioes, is uniformly mixed, and NMP stirring 2h is added, into thick slurry
Material, is uniformly coated on aluminium foil, rear 80 DEG C of vacuum bakeouts, tabletting, cuts the positive plate of a diameter of 14mm.With the pure of diameter 16mm
Lithium piece is as negative plate, using 1mol/L LiPF6+DEC/EC (volume ratio 1: 1) mixed solution as electrolyte, with poly- Celgard third
Alkene microporous barrier is membrane, carries out being assembled into button cell in the glove box full of argon gas.
Using LAND battery test systems (CT2001A), in the voltage range of 3.0~4.3V, 25 DEG C, 0.1C discharge and recharges
Under the conditions of, test above-mentioned button cell first discharge specific capacity;Test result is:Monocrystalline pattern nickelic three prepared by embodiment 1
First discharge specific capacity is 203.8mAh/g under the conditions of 25 DEG C of button cell prepared by first positive electrode, 0.1C.After tested, cathode
The compacted density of piece is 3.03g/cm3, compacted density=surface density/(pole piece roll after thickness-afflux body thickness).
Test equipment is same as above, and tests above-mentioned 50 weeks capacity retention ratios of button cell 1.0C charge and discharge cycles, as shown in Figure 2;
Test result is:Button cell 1.0C charge and discharge cycles prepared by the nickelic tertiary cathode material of monocrystalline pattern prepared by embodiment 1
50 weeks capacity retention ratios>95%.
Embodiment 2
(1) the preparation method similar embodiment 1 of presoma, except Ni: Co: Mn molar ratio is changed to 8.3: 1.2: 0.5, obtains
To the presoma Ni that D50 is 3 μm0.83Co0.12Mn0.05(OH)2;
(2) by step (1) presoma, mixed with lithium hydroxide, additive MgO.Wherein, lithium: transition metal (Ni+
Co+Mn molar ratio) is the 0.003 of the amount that 1.04, Mg additions are (Ni+Co+Mn) material, is sintered for 840 DEG C in oxygen atmosphere,
Sintering time 12h, base material is obtained after cooling down, crushing;
(3) by step (2) base material, after washing drying, uniformly mixed with barium nitrate, the addition of Ba is (Ni+Co+
Mn) the 0.004 of the amount of material, then in 400 DEG C of sintering of oxygen atmosphere, sintering time 12h, that is, obtain the nickelic ternary of monocrystalline looks
Positive electrode, its base material are LiNi0.832Co0.121Mn0.047Zr0.003O2。
Using the method in embodiment 1, the nickelic tertiary cathode material of the monocrystalline pattern obtained in embodiment 2 is formed into button
Battery.
Using LAND battery test systems (CT2001A), in the voltage range of 3.0~4.3V, 25 DEG C, 0.1C discharge and recharges
Under the conditions of, test above-mentioned button cell first discharge specific capacity;Test result is:The monocrystalline pattern obtained in embodiment 2 is nickelic
25 DEG C of button cell prepared by tertiary cathode material, first discharge specific capacity is 202.6mAh/g under the conditions of 0.1C.After tested, just
The compacted density of pole piece is 3.12g/cm3。
Test equipment is same as above, and tests above-mentioned 50 weeks capacity retention ratios of button cell 1.0C charge and discharge cycles, as shown in Figure 2;
Test result is:Button cell 1.0C discharge and recharges prepared by the nickelic tertiary cathode material of monocrystalline pattern obtained in embodiment 2 follow
50 weeks capacity retention ratios of ring>93%.
ICP (inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometer) is to the nickelic ternary of monocrystalline pattern that is obtained in embodiment 2
Positive electrode is analyzed, and is obtained its composition and is shown in Table 1.
Embodiment 3
(1) the preparation method similar embodiment 1 of presoma, except Ni: Co: Mn molar ratio is changed to 8.8: 1.2: 0.5, obtains
To the presoma Ni that D50 is 3 μm0.88Co0.18Mn0.05(OH)2;
(2) by step (1) presoma, with lithium hydroxide, additive Nb2O5Mixing, wherein, lithium: transition metal (Ni+
Co+Mn molar ratio) is the 0.002 of the amount that 1.03, Nb additions are (Ni+Co+Mn) material, is sintered for 830 DEG C in oxygen atmosphere,
Sintering time 12h, base material is obtained after cooling down, crushing;
(3) by base material obtained above, uniformly mixed with alumina in Nano level after washing drying, the addition of Al is (Ni+
Co+Mn) the 0.005 of the amount of material;Then in 750 DEG C of sintering of oxygen atmosphere, sintering time 12h, that is, obtain monocrystalline looks height
Nickel tertiary cathode material, its base material are LiNi0.879Co0.092Mn0.029Nb0.002O2。
Using the method in embodiment 1, the nickelic tertiary cathode material of the monocrystalline pattern obtained in embodiment 3 is formed into button
Battery.
Using LAND battery test systems (CT2001A), in the voltage range of 3.0~4.3V, 25 DEG C, 0.1C discharge and recharges
Under the conditions of, test above-mentioned button cell first discharge specific capacity;Test result is:The monocrystalline pattern obtained in embodiment 3 is nickelic
25 DEG C of button cell prepared by tertiary cathode material, first discharge specific capacity is 205.8mAh/g under the conditions of 0.1C.After tested, just
The compacted density of pole piece is 3.08g/cm3。
Test equipment is same as above, and tests above-mentioned 50 weeks capacity retention ratios of button cell 1.0C charge and discharge cycles;Test result is:
50 weeks capacity of button cell 1.0C charge and discharge cycles prepared by the nickelic tertiary cathode material of monocrystalline pattern obtained in embodiment 3 are protected
Holdup > 92%.
ICP (inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometer) is to the nickelic ternary of monocrystalline pattern that is obtained in embodiment 3
Positive electrode is analyzed, and is obtained its composition and is shown in Table 1.
Embodiment 4
(1) the preparation method similar embodiment 1 of presoma, except Ni: Co: Mn molar ratio is changed to 8.0: 1.0: 1.0, obtains
To the presoma Ni that D50 is 3 μm0.801Co0.099Mn0.101(OH)2;
(2) by step (1) presoma, mixed with lithium hydroxide, wherein, lithium: transition metal (Ni+Co+Mn's) rubs
You are than being 0.99, and in 850 DEG C of sintering of oxygen atmosphere, sintering time 12h, base material is obtained after cooling down, crushing;
(3) by step (2) base material, after washing drying, uniformly mixed with alumina in Nano level, the addition of Al is
(Ni+Co+Mn) the 0.01 of the amount of material;Then in 700 DEG C of sintering of oxygen atmosphere, sintering time 12h, that is, obtain monocrystalline looks height
Nickel tertiary cathode material, its base material are LiNi0.801Co0.099Mn0.101O2。
Using the method in embodiment 1, the nickelic tertiary cathode material of the monocrystalline pattern obtained in embodiment 4 is formed into button
Battery.
Using LAND battery test systems (CT2001A), in the voltage range of 3.0~4.3V, 25 DEG C, 0.1C discharge and recharges
Under the conditions of, test above-mentioned button cell first discharge specific capacity;Test result is:The monocrystalline pattern obtained in embodiment 4 is nickelic
25 DEG C of button cell prepared by tertiary cathode material, first discharge specific capacity is 199.8mAh/g under the conditions of 0.1C.After tested, just
The compacted density of pole piece is 3.11g/cm3。
Test equipment is same as above, and tests above-mentioned 50 weeks capacity retention ratios of button cell 1.0C charge and discharge cycles;Test result is:
50 weeks capacity of button cell 1.0C charge and discharge cycles prepared by the nickelic tertiary cathode material of monocrystalline pattern obtained in embodiment 4 are protected
Holdup > 90%.
ICP (inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometer) is to the nickelic ternary of monocrystalline pattern that is obtained in embodiment 4
Positive electrode is analyzed, and is obtained its composition and is shown in Table 1.
Table 1ICP fractions tested data
Described in above example, the present invention provides a kind of preparation method of the nickelic positive electrode of monocrystalline pattern, by preceding
Body is driven to prepare and the size distribution of the granular precursor that improves of pyrogenic process sintering process and the size of primary particle etc., sintering
Pattern, dispersiveness and the crystal form of process optimization particle, increase cladding process, optimize the physical and chemical index of material, lift material
Expect processing performance, make the energy density of battery have larger lifting.
Described above is not the limitation to invention, and the present invention is also not limited to the example above.The common skill of the art
Art personnel are in the essential scope of invention, and the variations, modifications, additions or substitutions made should also belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of nickelic tertiary cathode material of monocrystalline pattern, it is characterised in that the nickelic positive electrode of monocrystalline pattern includes:Base
Material, the base material are the compound shown in Formulas I:
LinNi1-x-yCoxMnyMzO2Formulas I;
In Formulas I, 0.95≤n≤1.15,0.00 < x≤0.30,0.00 < y≤0.10,0≤z≤0.05,
The M is any one or more in Mg, Zr, Al, Ti, Sr, Nb, Y, F, La;
The surface of the base material is coated with coating layer;The clad include cladding element, it is described cladding element for Al, Ba, Zn,
Any one or more in Ti, W, Y, Si, Sn, B;
The nickelic tertiary cathode material is monocrystalline pattern.
A kind of 2. nickelic tertiary cathode material of monocrystalline pattern as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the nickelic cathode material
The D50 of material is 2~8 μm.
3. a kind of nickelic tertiary cathode material of monocrystalline pattern as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that wrapped in the clad
It is A to cover element and the molar ratio of Ni/Co/Mn summations in the nickelic positive electrode of monocrystalline pattern;0.00 < A≤0.05.
4. a kind of preparation method of the nickelic tertiary cathode material of monocrystalline pattern, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
(1) soluble nickel salt, soluble cobalt, soluble manganese salt are mixed with deionized water, obtains solution A;By precipitating reagent with
Deionized water mixes, and obtains solution B;Complexing agent is mixed with deionized water, obtains solution C;By the solution A, solution B with it is molten
Liquid C is passed into reaction kettle and is mixed by the form of cocurrent, is heated, and coprecipitation reaction is carried out, after the completion of reaction, through old
Change, wash, drying, obtaining presoma, i.e. Ni1-x-yCoxMny(OH)2;In the soluble nickel salt in nickel ion, soluble cobalt
The molar ratio of cobalt ions and manganese ion in soluble manganese salt is (1-x-y): x: y, 0.00 < x≤0.30;0.00 < y≤0.10;
(2) step (1) presoma, lithium compound are mixed with doping metals compound, is sintered in oxygen atmosphere, through cold
But base material is obtained after, crushing;The base material is the compound shown in Formulas I:
LinNi1-x-yCoxMnyMzO2Formulas I;
In Formulas I, 0.95≤n≤1.15,0.00 < x≤0.30,0.00 < y≤0.10,0≤z≤0.05,
The M is any one or more in Mg, Zr, Al, Ti, Sr, Nb, Y, F, La;
(3) step (2) described base material is mixed with detergent, stirred, centrifuged and dry, dried base material and covering is equal
Even mixing, obtains cladding product;The covering include cladding element, it is described cladding element for Al, Ba, Zn, Ti, W, Y, Si,
Any one or more in Sn, B;
(4) step (3) the cladding product is sintered in oxygen atmosphere, through cooling, sieving, it is nickelic to obtain monocrystalline pattern
Tertiary cathode material.
5. a kind of preparation method of the nickelic tertiary cathode material of monocrystalline pattern as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that described
In step (1), the concentration of metal ion is 1.5~4.0mol/L in the solution A;The concentration of the solution B is 6~10mol/
L;The concentration of the solution C is 120~140mol/L.
6. a kind of preparation method of the nickelic tertiary cathode material of monocrystalline pattern as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that described
In step (1), the temperature of the coprecipitation reaction is 40~60 DEG C;The time of the coprecipitation reaction is 10~25h;It is described common
The pH value of reaction solution is 10.0~13.0 during precipitation reaction.
7. a kind of preparation method of the nickelic tertiary cathode material of monocrystalline pattern as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that described
In step (2), the ratio of nickel element, cobalt element and manganese element total mole number is z, 0≤z in the molal quantity and presoma of the M
≤0.05。
8. a kind of preparation method of the nickelic tertiary cathode material of monocrystalline pattern as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that described
In step (2), the temperature of the sintering is 700~900 DEG C;The time of the sintering is 10~20h.
9. a kind of preparation method of the nickelic tertiary cathode material of monocrystalline pattern as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that described
In step (3), the detergent is water, the one or more in ethanol, propyl alcohol, acetone.
A kind of 10. preparation method of the nickelic tertiary cathode material of monocrystalline pattern as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that institute
State in step (4), the temperature of the sintering is 300~800 DEG C;The time of the sintering is 10~20h.
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