CN107997172A - 一种丹参营养粉及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种丹参营养粉及其制备方法。该营养粉包括以下重量份的组分:丹参提取物40~50份、当归提取物30~40份、金银花提取物20~30份、氨基酸混合物10~20份、蜂蜜5~10份、杂粮粉40~50份、葡甘聚糖10~20份以及壳聚糖30~40份;其制备方法为:(1)按配方将丹参提取物、金银花提取物、当归提取物、氨基酸混合物混合均匀;(2)对葡甘聚糖进行瞬时高压处理;(3)将壳聚糖加入步骤(2)所得溶液中,搅拌混匀,然后加入步骤(1)所得产物,继续搅拌,再加入杂粮粉和蜂蜜,继续搅拌混合,干燥灭菌,得到丹参营养粉。本发明方法制备得到的丹参营养粉,具有良好的饱腹感,营养价值高,口感好。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于食品技术领域,具体涉及一种丹参营养粉及其制备方法。
背景技术
随着经济的日益发展,生活水平的逐步提高,人们对健康以及健康生活的追求愈加重视,但当今社会竞争激烈,生活节奏快,工作压力大,往往会使人们处于亚健康状态。而亚健康体质属于慢性病症,治疗周期比较长,需要长期调理,以达到固本培源,扶正祛邪的效果。
中医上常用的剂型就是汤药和中成药如丸药等,汤药的药效较好,但是服用时比较繁琐,口感也差,如果长期用药,患者不易坚持,而丸药的药效又相对较差。由此,具有良好的营养价值的营养粉就应运而生,但现有的营养粉很难在使人控制饮食量的同时,满足人体对所需营养的摄入。
发明内容
针对现有技术中的上述不足,本发明提供一种丹参营养粉及其制备方法,可有效解决现有营养粉无法在使人体在低饮食量的情况下,满足对所需营养的摄入的问题。
为实现上述目的,本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是:
一种丹参营养粉,包括以下重量份的组分:
丹参提取物40~50份、当归提取物30~40份、金银花提取物20~30份、氨基酸混合物10~20份、蜂蜜5~10份、杂粮粉40~50份、葡甘聚糖10~20份以及壳聚糖30~40份。
进一步地,包括以下重量份的组分:
丹参提取物40份、当归提取物34份、金银花提取物26份、氨基酸混合物16份、蜂蜜10份、杂粮粉44份、葡甘聚糖14份以及壳聚糖40份。
进一步地,丹参提取物、当归提取物以及金银花提取物均通过以下方法制备得到:
(1)分别取丹参、当归和金银花,并粉碎至粒径为100~200目,然后分别加入4-6倍各中药材重量且浓度为15-20%的乙醇回流提取2次,每次1-2h,合并提取液减压浓缩至相对密度为1.12-1.15的浸膏;
(2)向浸膏中加入乙醇,使其含醇量为65%,静置24h后取其上清液减压浓缩至相对密度为1.12-1.15的浓缩液;
(3)向浓缩液中加入2-3倍浓缩液重量的水,搅拌3-4h,最后静置密闭冷藏24h,取其上清液,得丹参提取物、当归提取物以及金银花提取物。
进一步地,氨基酸混合物包括赖氨酸、苏氨酸、色氨酸、精氨酸、甘氨酸、组氨酸以及亮氨酸;其中,赖氨酸、苏氨酸、色氨酸、精氨酸、甘氨酸、组氨酸以及亮氨酸的重量比为1~2:1~3:0.5~1:0.8~2:1~1.5:0.8~2:1~2。
进一步地,杂粮粉为玉米粉、小米粉、燕麦粉、绿豆粉、黑麦粉中的一种或多种。
上述丹参营养粉的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)按配方将丹参提取物、金银花提取物、当归提取物、氨基酸混合物混合均匀;
(2)加水溶解葡甘聚糖,使其浓度为2%~5%,然后于90~140MPa下,进行2~3次瞬时高压处理;
(3)将壳聚糖加入步骤(2)所得溶液中,搅拌混匀,然后加入步骤(1)所得产物,继续搅拌,再加入杂粮粉和蜂蜜,继续搅拌混合,于60~65℃下干燥8~10h,然后冷却10~12h,再继续干燥8~10h,并冷却10~12h后冻干,再进行微波灭菌,得到丹参营养粉。
进一步地,步骤(2)中葡甘聚糖浓度为4.8%,首次瞬时高压处理的压力为134MPa,然后再次以140MPa的压力进行瞬时高压处理。
进一步地,步骤(3)中微波灭菌的具体过程为:
在频率为8Hz/s,功率为22~25Kw,温度55~70℃,送料速度为1m/min的微波中,干燥4~5h。
本发明的有益效果为:
1、根据中药中的“君臣配伍”原则,在配方中以丹参为主,当归和金银花为辅,不仅能为营养粉提供中药材中的活性营养成分,与杂粮粉和氨基酸混合物配合,一同丰富营养粉的营养成分,还具备活血散瘀,通肠润便的功效,另外,丹参味苦、性微寒,当归和金银花均为温补型中药,可与温寒丹参互补,再通过添加蜂蜜,可有效的改善营养粉的口味。
2、本发明配方中并非直接添加当归、丹参和金银花粉末药材,而是改用添加相应药材的提取物,添加药材提取物的好处在于,通过提取后,药材中的活性营养成分以单体化合物的方式进行营养粉中,避免了药材粉末添加至营养粉中带来的口感粗糙的问题,同时,提取物相对于药材粉末来说,有效活性成分基本上没有变化,但提取物经处理后,其内不含杂质,只包含从药材粉末中提取出来各种活性成分,有效的提升了营养粉的营养价值,以及药材的利用率。
3、葡甘聚糖属于可溶性膳食纤维,本身就具有膳食纤维类的管道型空间结构特性,通过134MPa的瞬时高压处理,然后再通过140MPa的瞬时高压处理,使其分子间和分子内的离子键持续被破坏,减小分子间和分子内的作用力,继而使其产生膨化作用,其致密的网状结构变为疏松的网状结构,体积、表面积以及分子表面的粘性也大大增加,然后将丹参提取物、金银花提取物、氨基酸混合物和当归提取物混合,加入葡甘聚糖溶液中,由于葡甘聚糖分子表面粘性增加,空间结构增大,增强了其与活性成分和氨基酸分子的结合强度,使营养粉中的有效成分能够聚集,避免有效成分大范围逸散。
4、壳聚糖作为一种食品添加剂,本身便具有控制胆固醇、抑菌等作用,而金银花也具有一定的抑菌作用,可有效的防止营养粉被杂菌污染,提升营养粉的保质期,同时,壳聚糖还能附着于葡甘聚糖分子表面,将其包裹,进一步避免有效成分逸散。
5、本发明方法制备得到的营养粉,在具有较高的营养价值,保证人体所需营养的同时,由于壳聚糖和葡甘聚糖具有优良的饱腹感,还能减少人体对食物的需求,减少进食量,另外,葡甘聚糖、当归提取物等成分还具有良好的润肠功效,可影响人体对脂肪、胆固醇等成分的吸收,以达到控制人体对脂肪、胆固醇吸收量的目的,提升人体的健康水平。
具体实施方式
下面对本发明的具体实施方式进行描述,以便于本技术领域的技术人员理解本发明,但应该清楚,本发明不限于具体实施方式的范围,对本技术领域的普通技术人员来讲,只要各种变化在所附的权利要求限定和确定的本发明的精神和范围内,这些变化是显而易见的,一切利用本发明构思的发明创造均在保护之列。
实施例1
一种丹参营养粉,包括以下重量份的组分:
丹参提取物40份、当归提取物34份、金银花提取物26份、氨基酸混合物16份、蜂蜜10份、燕麦粉10份、小米粉12份、黑麦粉22份、葡甘聚糖14份以及壳聚糖40份。
其中,丹参提取物、当归提取物以及金银花提取物均通过以下方法制备得到:
(1)分别取丹参、当归和金银花,并粉碎至粒径为140目,然后分别加入4倍各中药材重量且浓度为20%的乙醇回流提取2次,每次2h,合并提取液减压浓缩至相对密度为1.12-1.15的浸膏;
(2)向浸膏中加入乙醇,使其含醇量为65%,静置24h后取其上清液减压浓缩至相对密度为1.12-1.15的浓缩液;
(3)向浓缩液中加入3倍浓缩液重量的水,搅拌3.5h,最后静置密闭冷藏24h,取其上清液,得丹参提取物、当归提取物以及金银花提取物。
上述丹参营养粉的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)按配方将丹参提取物、金银花提取物、当归提取物、氨基酸混合物混合均匀;其中,氨基酸混合物包括重量比为1:1.5:0.8:0.8:1:2:1.2的赖氨酸、苏氨酸、色氨酸、精氨酸、甘氨酸、组氨酸以及亮氨酸
(2)加水溶解葡甘聚糖,使其浓度为4.8%,于134MPa下,进行首次瞬时高压处理,然后再次于140MPa下进行瞬时高压处理;
(3)将壳聚糖加入步骤(2)所得溶液中,搅拌混匀,然后加入步骤(1)所得产物,继续搅拌,再加入燕麦粉、小米粉、黑麦粉和蜂蜜,继续搅拌混合,于60℃下干燥8h,然后冷却12h,再继续干燥8h,并冷却12h后冻干,再在频率为8Hz/s,功率为25Kw,温度60℃,送料速度为1m/min的微波中,干燥灭菌4~5h,得到丹参营养粉。
实施例2
一种丹参营养粉,包括以下重量份的组分:
丹参提取物50份、当归提取物30份、金银花提取物30份、氨基酸混合物10份、蜂蜜5份、小米粉25份、燕麦粉25份、葡甘聚糖20份以及壳聚糖30份。
其中,丹参提取物、当归提取物以及金银花提取物均通过以下方法制备得到:
(1)分别取丹参、当归和金银花,并粉碎至粒径为140目,然后分别加入4倍各中药材重量且浓度为20%的乙醇回流提取2次,每次2h,合并提取液减压浓缩至相对密度为1.12-1.15的浸膏;
(2)向浸膏中加入乙醇,使其含醇量为65%,静置24h后取其上清液减压浓缩至相对密度为1.12-1.15的浓缩液;
(3)向浓缩液中加入3倍浓缩液重量的水,搅拌3.5h,最后静置密闭冷藏24h,取其上清液,得丹参提取物、当归提取物以及金银花提取物。
上述丹参营养粉的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)按配方将丹参提取物、金银花提取物、当归提取物、氨基酸混合物混合均匀;其中,氨基酸混合物包括重量比为2:3:1:2:1.5:0.8:1的赖氨酸、苏氨酸、色氨酸、精氨酸、甘氨酸、组氨酸以及亮氨酸
(2)加水溶解葡甘聚糖,使其浓度为2%,于90MPa下,进行首次瞬时高压处理,然后再次于125MPa下进行瞬时高压处理;
(3)将壳聚糖加入步骤(2)所得溶液中,搅拌混匀,然后加入步骤(1)所得产物,继续搅拌,再加入燕麦粉、小米粉、黑麦粉和蜂蜜,继续搅拌混合,于65℃下干燥10h,然后冷却10h,再继续干燥9h,并冷却12h后冻干,再在频率为8Hz/s,功率为23Kw,温度70℃,送料速度为1m/min的微波中,干燥灭菌5h,得到丹参营养粉。
实施例3
一种丹参营养粉,包括以下重量份的组分:
丹参提取物45份、当归提取物40份、金银花提取物26份、氨基酸混合物17份、蜂蜜8份、玉米粉12、小米粉10、绿豆粉8、黑麦粉16份、葡甘聚糖15份以及壳聚糖36份。
其中,丹参提取物、当归提取物以及金银花提取物均通过以下方法制备得到:
(1)分别取丹参、当归和金银花,并粉碎至粒径为140目,然后分别加入4倍各中药材重量且浓度为20%的乙醇回流提取2次,每次2h,合并提取液减压浓缩至相对密度为1.12-1.15的浸膏;
(2)向浸膏中加入乙醇,使其含醇量为65%,静置24h后取其上清液减压浓缩至相对密度为1.12-1.15的浓缩液;
(3)向浓缩液中加入3倍浓缩液重量的水,搅拌3.5h,最后静置密闭冷藏24h,取其上清液,得丹参提取物、当归提取物以及金银花提取物。
上述丹参营养粉的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)按配方将丹参提取物、金银花提取物、当归提取物、氨基酸混合物混合均匀;其中,氨基酸混合物包括重量比为1.4:2.3:0.5:1.2:1.2:1:1.5的赖氨酸、苏氨酸、色氨酸、精氨酸、甘氨酸、组氨酸以及亮氨酸
(2)加水溶解葡甘聚糖,使其浓度为5%,于100MPa下,进行首次瞬时高压处理,然后再次于130MPa下进行瞬时高压处理;
(3)将壳聚糖加入步骤(2)所得溶液中,搅拌混匀,然后加入步骤(1)所得产物,继续搅拌,再加入燕麦粉、小米粉、黑麦粉和蜂蜜,继续搅拌混合,于65℃下干燥8h,然后冷却10h,再继续干燥9h,并冷却10h后冻干,再在频率为8Hz/s,功率为23Kw,温度55℃,送料速度为1m/min的微波中,干燥灭菌4h,得到丹参营养粉。
检测
选择10只小鼠,均分为实验组和对照组两组,实验组饲喂实施例1制备得到的丹参营养粉,对照组按常规方法饲喂普通饲料,对照组的喂养量为正常喂养量,实验组的喂养量为对照组的1/2~2/3,2~3个月后,分别检测实验组和对照组小鼠各项指标,其结果如下:
经口给予小鼠0.15g/kg.bw、0.349g/kg.bw、0.618g/kg.bw剂量的丹参营养粉2~3个月后,实验组小鼠的胆固醇和血脂含量明显低于对照组相比,而对小鼠体重增长、胸腺体重比值、脾脏体重比值均无明显差别,表明该丹参营养粉能在为小鼠提供生长所需营养的条件下,降低小鼠体内胆固醇、血脂等含量。
再随机选择20名营养缺乏和20名肥胖患者,分别使其食用实施例1制备得到的丹参营养粉用热水冲服2~3个月,每天食用2~3次,每次500~800g,在服用2~3个月后,营养缺乏组患者身体状况得到明显的改善,体内营养更加均衡,健康状况良好,而肥胖组患者明显达到了瘦身的目的,且身体状况良好,未出现营养缺乏的情况,表明本发明方法制备得到的丹参营养粉,可在一定程度上抑制人体对脂肪、胆固醇等的吸收,且不会使人体出现营养不良的情况。
随机选择50名志愿者对实施例1制备得到的丹参营养粉进行口味评价测试,其中,男女各占一半,经50人感官评价,有47人表示喜欢实施例1制备得到的丹参营养粉的口味,有2人表示味道一般,有1人表示不喜欢本发明制备得到的丹参营养粉的口味,可见,本发明方法制备得到的丹参营养粉的口感与味道的接受程度较高。
Claims (8)
1.一种丹参营养粉,其特征在于,包括以下重量份的组分:
丹参提取物40~50份、当归提取物30~40份、金银花提取物20~30份、氨基酸混合物10~20份、蜂蜜5~10份、杂粮粉40~50份、葡甘聚糖10~20份以及壳聚糖30~40份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的丹参营养粉,其特征在于,包括以下重量份的组分:
丹参提取物40份、当归提取物34份、金银花提取物26份、氨基酸混合物16份、蜂蜜10份、杂粮粉44份、葡甘聚糖14份以及壳聚糖40份。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的丹参营养粉,其特征在于,所述丹参提取物、当归提取物以及金银花提取物均通过以下方法制备得到:
(1)分别取丹参、当归和金银花,并粉碎至粒径为100~200目,然后分别加入4-6倍各中药材重量且浓度为15-20%的乙醇回流提取2次,每次1-2h,合并提取液减压浓缩至相对密度为1.12-1.15的浸膏;
(2)向浸膏中加入乙醇,使其含醇量为65%,静置24h后取其上清液减压浓缩至相对密度为1.12-1.15的浓缩液;
(3)向浓缩液中加入2-3倍浓缩液重量的水,搅拌3-4h,最后静置密闭冷藏24h,取其上清液,得丹参提取物、当归提取物以及金银花提取物。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的丹参营养粉,其特征在于,所述氨基酸混合物包括赖氨酸、苏氨酸、色氨酸、精氨酸、甘氨酸、组氨酸以及亮氨酸;其中,赖氨酸、苏氨酸、色氨酸、精氨酸、甘氨酸、组氨酸以及亮氨酸的重量比为1~2:1~3:0.5~1:0.8~2:1~1.5:0.8~2:1~2。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的丹参营养粉,其特征在于,所述杂粮粉为玉米粉、小米粉、燕麦粉、绿豆粉、黑麦粉中的一种或多种。
6.权利要求1~5任一项所述的丹参营养粉的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)按配方将丹参提取物、金银花提取物、当归提取物、氨基酸混合物混合均匀;
(2)加水溶解葡甘聚糖,使其浓度为2%~5%,然后于90~140MPa下,进行2~3次瞬时高压处理;
(3)将壳聚糖加入步骤(2)所得溶液中,搅拌混匀,然后加入步骤(1)所得产物,继续搅拌,再加入杂粮粉和蜂蜜,继续搅拌混合,于60~65℃下干燥8~10h,然后冷却10~12h,再继续干燥8~10h,并冷却10~12h后冻干,再进行微波灭菌,得到丹参营养粉。
7.根据权利要求6所述的丹参营养粉的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)中所述葡甘聚糖浓度为4.8%,首次瞬时高压处理的压力为134MPa,然后再次以140MPa的压力进行瞬时高压处理。
8.根据权利要求6所述的丹参营养粉的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(3)中所述微波灭菌的具体过程为:
在频率为8Hz/s,功率为22~25Kw,温度55~70℃,送料速度为1m/min的微波中,干燥4~5h。
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