CN107982305A - A kind of method of steam explosion assisted extraction astragaloside and astragalus polyose - Google Patents
A kind of method of steam explosion assisted extraction astragaloside and astragalus polyose Download PDFInfo
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- CN107982305A CN107982305A CN201610949795.XA CN201610949795A CN107982305A CN 107982305 A CN107982305 A CN 107982305A CN 201610949795 A CN201610949795 A CN 201610949795A CN 107982305 A CN107982305 A CN 107982305A
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- astragaloside
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
- A61K36/48—Fabaceae or Leguminosae (Pea or Legume family); Caesalpiniaceae; Mimosaceae; Papilionaceae
- A61K36/481—Astragalus (milkvetch)
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08B—POLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF
- C08B37/00—Preparation of polysaccharides not provided for in groups C08B1/00 - C08B35/00; Derivatives thereof
- C08B37/0003—General processes for their isolation or fractionation, e.g. purification or extraction from biomass
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2236/00—Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine
- A61K2236/30—Extraction of the material
- A61K2236/33—Extraction of the material involving extraction with hydrophilic solvents, e.g. lower alcohols, esters or ketones
- A61K2236/331—Extraction of the material involving extraction with hydrophilic solvents, e.g. lower alcohols, esters or ketones using water, e.g. cold water, infusion, tea, steam distillation, decoction
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2236/00—Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine
- A61K2236/50—Methods involving additional extraction steps
- A61K2236/53—Liquid-solid separation, e.g. centrifugation, sedimentation or crystallization
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Abstract
In order to fundamentally release influence of the radix astragali cell membrane compact texture to its active ingredient dissolution, the dissolution efficiency of Astragalus Root P.E is improved, the invention discloses a kind of method of steam explosion assisted extraction astragaloside and polysaccharide：Put into after Milkvetch Root rehydration in steam-explosion jar, be passed through saturated vapor and maintain certain pressure, the release of pressure release after a certain period of time；Raw material after collection steam explosion, is extracted, the astragaloside and polysaccharide that Aqueous extracts are obtained by ethanol precipitation separation and Extraction again with hot water, and precipitation and separation of the supernatant obtain astragalus polyose and astragaloside respectively after purification.This method pre-processes steam explosion technology for radix astragali, material hemicellulose degradation, lignin is softened and is partly dissolved and fibre structure is loose, effectively destroy radix astragali cell membrane and form obvious loose structure, improve the dissolution rate of active ingredient but do not destroy constituent structure and activity.Compared with routinely crushing extraction, 2.8 times and 4.5 times of highest has been respectively increased in astragaloside and astragalus polyose yield, and extraction time shortens at least 1/2 times.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Technology of Processing Chinese Herbal Medicines field, more particularly to a kind of steam explosion assisted extraction astragaloside and radix astragali are more
The method of sugar.
Background technology
Radix astragali, first recorded in《Sheng Nong's herbal classic》, a kind of common pulse family Astragalus, perennial herb Chinese medicine, originate in northeast,
The ground such as North China, Shanxi, Gansu, with astragalus mongolicus Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bge. of cultivation
Var. mongholicus (Bge.) Hsiao and Astragalus membranacus A. membranceus (Fisch.) Bge. plant to be former
Species matter.For the medicinal history of radix astragali in all age up to more than 2,000 years, the medical value of its underground main root is mainly reflected in tonifying Qi
Gu table, sharp water torr sore, cardiac stimulant decompression etc., are widely used in clinic etc., radix astragali mainly contain polysaccharide, a variety of triterpenoid saponins and
Flavonoid substances.Astragalus polyose component I, II, III and heteroglycan AH-1, AH-2, having strengthens immunocompetent bioactivity,
Including regulation and control immune system, influence human body energy metabolism and the synthesis and metabolism of collagen, protection cell hypoxic-ischemic, suppression
Tumour, the pharmacological activity to hemopoietic system etc. act on；Saponin component is with astragaloside IV（Also referred to as Astragaloside IV）And based on II
Component is wanted, it is similar with the effect of astragalus polyose, there is decompression, diuresis and cardiac effect, but it also has cardiovascular system
Certain influence, improves the effect such as heart contraction and diastole..Structural component in Milkvetch Root（Cellulose, hemicellulose and wood
Quality）Content accounts for the 70% ~ 80% of gross mass, and astragaloside and polyoses content are only about 2%, its extract must pull against largely from
Tissue, cell are so that structural barriers to fine and close cell membrane level.Therefore, the compact texture of Milkvetch Root how is effectively broken through
Barrier, so as to increase extract component and the accessibility of solvent, and then promotes effective dissolution of medicinal ingredient, is to improve in radix astragali to live
The basic solution route of property component dissolution rate.
Conventional method generally carries out Milkvetch Root using mechanical crushing broken pretreatment, but due to the compact texture of radix astragali
There is certain mechanical resistance, therefore mechanical treatment is limited to the extent of the destruction of its plant cell, there are effective constituents extraction efficiency
Low phenomenon；If radix astragali is crushed to powdered, then it can increase energy consumption, improve extraction cost.Steam explosion technology is wide in recent years
The general preconditioning technique applied to the refining of lignocellulose-like biomass raw material, it is deep into material using high-temperature high-pressure steam
In the hole and cell of tissue, then moment pressure release release material, caused machinery force of explosion can destroy the densification of material
Structure, so that using chemical hydrolysis and physical crushing method in the short time（A few minutes）It is interior horizontal effectively from cell or even cell membrane
Material is destroyed, loose structure is significantly improved, makes material void volume and aperture increases, rapidly entering and increase beneficial to solvent
The accessibility of solubilizer-solute, promotes the dissolution of active ingredient.
The content of the invention
Goal of the invention：Fundamentally to release influence of the radix astragali compact texture to its active ingredient dissolution, and cause effectively
Constituents extraction takes long and extracts incomplete problem, proposes a kind of side of steam explosion assisted extraction astragaloside and astragalus polyose
Method.
Its specific technical solution is：1）Milkvetch Root is cut to 3 ~ 5 cm, according to the matter of over dry Milkvetch Root and water
Measure ratio 1:0~1:4 add water, and rehydration is then soaked under room temperature again handles 0 ~ 12 h；2）Material after rehydration is placed in steam-explosion jar,
Being passed through steam makes pressure inside the tank reach the MPa of 0.6 MPa ~ 1.8, and steam explosion processing is carried out after maintaining 1 ~ 15 min；3）By thing after steam explosion
60 DEG C ~ 100 DEG C water of 5 ~ 20 times of material plus its absolute dry mass, are extracted 1 ~ 3 time, 1 ~ 2 h, merges Aqueous extracts every time；4）By Aqueous extracts
Ethanol is added after reduction vaporization makes alcohol content reach 50% ~ 100%, while produces precipitation, and sediment fraction and supernatant pass through separation
Polysaccharide and saponin constituent is made in purifying respectively.
With patent CN105412209A, CN105343153A, CN105175573A, CN104792652A,
CN104530170A、CN104311689A、CN105440147A、CN102875688A、CN104926951A、
CN102697838A、CN102697839A、CN103613674A、CN105440148A、CN103288975A、
CN105399852A、CN105440149A、CN1631904、CN1557826、CN1330082、CN102146142A、
CN101669577、CN1510143、CN102887963A、CN103288974A、CN103110689A、CN102727566A、
CN104107211A、CN102488742A、CN103623039A、CN102101880A、CN104739920A、CN104784248A
Etc. comparing, they are in the processing of raw material or convection drying crushes, or are crushed by microwave, or add acid-base reagent and adjust pH,
Or complex enzyme zymohydrolysis is added, these pretreatments are limited to the extent of the destruction of plant cell and can increase energy consumption, improve extraction cost
It is and complex for operation step etc..
The present invention technical advantage be：1）Under high temperature and pressure effect, vapor enters material tissue voids and iuntercellular,
Then moment high speed pay-out comes out, and effectively destroys Milkvetch Root structure from tissue, cell or even cell membrane are horizontal, fundamentally solves
Except influence of the radix astragali densification multilevel hierarchy to active ingredient dissolution, the dissolution efficiency of raising astragaloside and polysaccharide；2）Through steam explosion
The radix astragali short texture of pretreatment, porosity characteristic are obviously improved, porosity, pore volume and aperture increase, and inside configuration is tortuous
Degree reduces, and is conducive to increase the accessibility of solvent-solute and reduces the resistance to mass tranfer of solutes accumulation but do not damage having in raw material
Component is imitated, the extracted amount highest of astragaloside and astragalus polyose improves 2.8 times and 4.5 times after steam explosion, and extraction time shortens
At least half；3）Any chemical reagents are added without during steam explosion, do not produce pollution and noxious material, are conducive to radix astragali medicine
Material contributes to the further industrialization development of Milkvetch Root to utilize in the application in medicines and health protection field；4）With conventional material powder
Broken to compare, steam explosion processing destroys raw material internal structure from tissue, cell and cell membrane level, causes the drop of solutes accumulation resistance
It is low, and pulverization process substantially has no effect the microstructure of material.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1：
Milkvetch Root is cut to 3 ~ 5 cm, according to over dry Milkvetch Root and the mass ratio 1 of water:1 adds water, then again under room temperature
Soak rehydration and handle 4 h；Material after rehydration is placed in steam-explosion jar, being passed through steam makes pressure inside the tank reach 1.2 MPa, maintains pressure
Steam explosion processing is carried out after strong 1.2 MPa, 5 min；Material after steam explosion adds to 90 DEG C of water of 10 times of its absolute dry mass, extracts 1 time, often
Secondary 1 h, merges Aqueous extracts；Ethanol is added after Aqueous extracts are evaporated under reduced pressure makes alcohol content reach 80%, while produces precipitation, precipitates
Polysaccharide and saponin constituent is made by isolating and purifying in part and supernatant respectively.The porosity of radix astragali material, pore volume after steam explosion
Be 68.88%, 1.473% and 10332 nm with average pore size, and original non-steam explosion Astragalus membranaceus raw material for 48.43%, 0.629 ml/g and
272.6 nm, astragaloside and polysaccharide extract rate respectively reach 3.697 mg/g and 0.537 g/g after steam explosion, and original non-steam explosion
Astragalus membranaceus raw material is 1.597 mg/g and 0.119 g/g.
Embodiment 2：
Milkvetch Root is cut to 3 ~ 5 cm, according to over dry Milkvetch Root and the mass ratio 1 of water:4 add water, then again under room temperature
Soak rehydration and handle 12 h；Material after rehydration is placed in steam-explosion jar, being passed through steam makes pressure inside the tank reach 1.8 MPa, maintains
Steam explosion processing is carried out after 15 min；Material after steam explosion is added to 100 DEG C of water of 20 times of its absolute dry mass, is extracted 3 times, 2 h, is closed every time
And Aqueous extracts；Absolute ethyl alcohol will be added after Aqueous extracts evaporated under reduced pressure, while produce precipitation, sediment fraction and supernatant pass through separation
Polysaccharide and saponin constituent is made in purifying respectively.After steam explosion the porosity of radix astragali material, pore volume and average pore size for 70.17%,
2.072 ml/g and 41265 nm, and original non-steam explosion Astragalus membranaceus raw material is 48.43%, 0.629 ml/g and 272.6 nm, after steam explosion
Astragaloside and polysaccharide extract rate respectively reach 4.499 mg/g and 0.159 g/g, and original non-steam explosion Astragalus membranaceus raw material is 1.597
Mg/g and 0.119 g/g.
Embodiment 3：
Milkvetch Root is cut to 3 ~ 5 cm, is placed according to Milkvetch Root in steam-explosion jar, being passed through steam makes pressure inside the tank reach 0.6
MPa, steam explosion processing is carried out after maintaining 1 min；Material after steam explosion adds to 60 DEG C of water of 5 times of its absolute dry mass, extracts 1 time, every time 1
H, merges Aqueous extracts；Ethanol is added after Aqueous extracts are evaporated under reduced pressure makes alcohol content reach 50%, while produces precipitation, sediment fraction
Polysaccharide and saponin constituent are made respectively by isolating and purifying with supernatant.The porosity of radix astragali material, pore volume peace after steam explosion
Equal aperture be 49.03%, 0.701 ml/g and 1913 nm, and original non-steam explosion Astragalus membranaceus raw material be 48.43%, 0.629 ml/g and
272.6 nm, astragaloside and polysaccharide extract rate respectively reach 2.168 mg/g and 0.317 g/g after steam explosion, and original non-steam explosion
Astragalus membranaceus raw material is 1.597 mg/g and 0.119 g/g.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of method of steam explosion assisted extraction astragaloside and astragalus polyose, its specific steps include：
（1）Milkvetch Root is cut to 3 ~ 5 cm, according to over dry Milkvetch Root and the mass ratio 1 of water:0~1:4 add water, then
Rehydration is soaked under room temperature again and handles 0 ~ 12 h；
（2）Material after rehydration is placed in steam-explosion jar, being passed through steam makes pressure inside the tank reach the MPa of 0.6 MPa ~ 1.8, maintain 1 ~
Steam explosion processing is carried out after 15 min；
（3）Material after steam explosion is added to 60 DEG C ~ 100 DEG C water of 5 ~ 20 times of its absolute dry mass, is extracted 1 ~ 3 time, 1 ~ 2 h, merges every time
Aqueous extracts；
（4）Ethanol is added after Aqueous extracts are evaporated under reduced pressure makes alcohol content reach 50% ~ 100%, while produces precipitation, sediment fraction with
Polysaccharide and saponin constituent is made by isolating and purifying in supernatant respectively.
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108341892A (en) * | 2018-05-09 | 2018-07-31 | 四川岚晟生物科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of Inonotue obliquus |
| CN108752490A (en) * | 2018-05-09 | 2018-11-06 | 四川岚晟生物科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of lentinan |
| CN110916241A (en) * | 2019-11-20 | 2020-03-27 | 许达勇 | Nicotine aerosol and preparation method thereof |
| CN111419943A (en) * | 2020-05-18 | 2020-07-17 | 南京大方生物工程有限公司 | Antiviral traditional Chinese medicine Qilanbao disease drink for livestock, preparation method and application |
| CN112029009A (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2020-12-04 | 海南北纬十八度食品加工有限公司 | Preparation method of pitaya flower polysaccharide |
| CN112778438A (en) * | 2021-01-26 | 2021-05-11 | 华南农业大学 | Method for improving pachyman extraction rate by steam explosion and enzymolysis technology |
| CN114524884A (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-05-24 | 中华全国供销合作总社济南果品研究院 | Processing method for improving extraction efficiency and yield of okra polysaccharide through steam explosion pretreatment |
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| CN101401825A (en) * | 2008-11-11 | 2009-04-08 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | Method for steam explosion processing process for single and compound traditional Chinese medicine |
| CN102443072A (en) * | 2010-10-12 | 2012-05-09 | 沈阳药科大学 | Method for simultaneously extracting polysaccharides and saponins from astragalus |
| CN104585462A (en) * | 2015-02-10 | 2015-05-06 | 寿素贞 | Method for preparing preserved fruits capable of enhancing body immunologic function from astragalus membranaceus |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101401825A (en) * | 2008-11-11 | 2009-04-08 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | Method for steam explosion processing process for single and compound traditional Chinese medicine |
| CN102443072A (en) * | 2010-10-12 | 2012-05-09 | 沈阳药科大学 | Method for simultaneously extracting polysaccharides and saponins from astragalus |
| CN104585462A (en) * | 2015-02-10 | 2015-05-06 | 寿素贞 | Method for preparing preserved fruits capable of enhancing body immunologic function from astragalus membranaceus |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108341892A (en) * | 2018-05-09 | 2018-07-31 | 四川岚晟生物科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of Inonotue obliquus |
| CN108752490A (en) * | 2018-05-09 | 2018-11-06 | 四川岚晟生物科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of lentinan |
| CN110916241A (en) * | 2019-11-20 | 2020-03-27 | 许达勇 | Nicotine aerosol and preparation method thereof |
| CN111419943A (en) * | 2020-05-18 | 2020-07-17 | 南京大方生物工程有限公司 | Antiviral traditional Chinese medicine Qilanbao disease drink for livestock, preparation method and application |
| CN112029009A (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2020-12-04 | 海南北纬十八度食品加工有限公司 | Preparation method of pitaya flower polysaccharide |
| CN112029009B (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2022-10-04 | 海南北纬十八度食品加工有限公司 | Preparation method of pitaya flower polysaccharide |
| CN112778438A (en) * | 2021-01-26 | 2021-05-11 | 华南农业大学 | Method for improving pachyman extraction rate by steam explosion and enzymolysis technology |
| CN114524884A (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-05-24 | 中华全国供销合作总社济南果品研究院 | Processing method for improving extraction efficiency and yield of okra polysaccharide through steam explosion pretreatment |
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