CN107979281B - Input voltage division module and overvoltage protection switch - Google Patents

Input voltage division module and overvoltage protection switch Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107979281B
CN107979281B CN201711364707.0A CN201711364707A CN107979281B CN 107979281 B CN107979281 B CN 107979281B CN 201711364707 A CN201711364707 A CN 201711364707A CN 107979281 B CN107979281 B CN 107979281B
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input voltage
capacitor
resistor
switch
voltage
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CN107979281A (en
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胡建伟
罗旭程
程剑涛
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Shanghai Awinic Technology Co Ltd
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Shanghai Awinic Technology Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/06—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using resistors or capacitors, e.g. potential divider
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/10—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers
    • H02H7/12—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers
    • H02H7/1213—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers for DC-DC converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H02M3/1563—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators without using an external clock

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Electronic Switches (AREA)

Abstract

The application discloses input voltage partial pressure module and overvoltage protection module, input voltage partial pressure module has increased first electric capacity, second electric capacity on traditional partial pressure unit's basis and has inserted input voltage partial pressure module as feedforward electric capacity to promote the rate of rise of the outside input voltage of output voltage of input voltage partial pressure module, and then realize reducing the response time's of input voltage partial pressure module purpose. The response time of the input voltage division module accounts for the largest proportion in the turn-off time of the overvoltage protection switch, so that the turn-off time of the overvoltage protection switch can be effectively reduced by reducing the response time of the input voltage division module, and the possibility that surge voltage damages rear-stage electronic equipment of the overvoltage protection switch is reduced.

Description

input voltage division module and overvoltage protection switch
Technical Field
the present disclosure relates to semiconductor integrated circuits, and more particularly, to an input voltage divider module and an overvoltage protection switch.
background
An Over Voltage Protection switch (OVP) is widely applied to various electronic devices, and is mainly used for reducing the Voltage of a controlled device or disconnecting a power supply when an external input Voltage exceeds a preset threshold.
the surge voltage is a common external input voltage with a voltage exceeding a preset threshold, and is characterized by a very short generation time, usually in the order of microseconds, and when the surge voltage is generated, the voltage and the current of the surge voltage can be many times of the normal operating voltage. The reasons for the occurrence of surge voltages are many, such as lightning strikes, electrostatic discharges, industrial events and actions on high voltage power lines in the sector (switches in power distribution networks), etc. When the surge voltage exceeds the device bearing capacity of the electronic equipment, the device can be directly burned to cause the damage of the electronic equipment, and even the multiple impact of the surge voltage with smaller amplitude can cause the performance degradation and the service life shortening of the semiconductor device of the electronic equipment, so that the overvoltage protection switch is necessary to be applied to various electronic equipment to avoid the damage of the surge voltage to the electronic equipment.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 shows an application of a typical overvoltage protection switch, where an OVP in fig. 1 is an overvoltage protection switch, 10 is a USB interface for receiving an external input Voltage and transmitting the external input Voltage to the overvoltage protection switch, 20 is a Charger (Charger) or a Power Management Integrated Circuit (PMIC), and a TVS is a Transient Voltage Suppressor (TVS) having a strong surge Voltage absorption function, where when a Voltage at an input terminal of the overvoltage protection switch OVP exceeds a preset threshold, the overvoltage protection switch OVP disconnects the connection between the Power input terminal and the electronic device, and the surge Voltage is discharged to the ground through the TVS, so as to protect the electronic device and prevent the electronic device from being damaged by the surge Voltage. In this process, the turn-off time of the overvoltage protection switch OVP is an important parameter in consideration of whether the electronic equipment can be effectively protected from the surge voltage. The turn-off time refers to the time required by the overvoltage protection switch OVP from the time when the input voltage exceeds a preset threshold value to the time when the power tube is turned off, and the smaller the value of the parameter is, the smaller the residual voltage output by the output end of the overvoltage protection switch is, and the smaller the stress on the rear-stage electronic equipment is.
generally, in order to save cost, the input voltage resistance of the electronic device is not very high, the turn-off time of the overvoltage protection switch in the prior art is in the order of 100ns, even the turn-off time of some overvoltage protection switches is in hundreds of ns, and because the rising slope of the surge voltage is very fast, the latter stage electronic device of the overvoltage protection switch with the turn-off time in the order of 100ns still has the possibility of damage. Therefore, there is a need to further reduce the turn-off time of the overvoltage protection switch.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides an input voltage dividing module and an overvoltage protection switch, so as to further reduce the turn-off time of the overvoltage protection switch.
in order to achieve the technical purpose, the embodiment of the invention provides the following technical scheme:
An input voltage divider module for an overvoltage protection switch, the input voltage divider module comprising: the voltage divider comprises a voltage dividing unit, a selection switch unit, a first capacitor, a second capacitor and a third capacitor; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
The selective switch unit comprises an enable signal input end, a first signal input end, a second signal input end and a grounding end, wherein the first signal input end is connected with one end of the first capacitor, the second signal input end is connected with the output end of the voltage division unit, the grounding end of the selective switch unit is connected with the grounding end of the voltage division unit, the enable signal input end is used for receiving an enable control signal, and the enable control signal is used for controlling the selective switch unit to be disconnected and connected;
The voltage dividing unit comprises a first resistor and a second resistor which are sequentially connected in series, one end of the first resistor, far away from the second resistor, is connected with a first signal input end of the selection switch unit and used for receiving external input voltage, a connection node of the first resistor and the second resistor serves as an output end of the voltage dividing unit, and one end of the second resistor, far away from the first resistor, serves as a grounding end of the voltage dividing unit;
one end of the first capacitor is connected with a first signal input end of the selection switch unit, the other end of the first capacitor is used for receiving the external input voltage, one end of the second capacitor is connected with one end, far away from the selection switch unit, of the first capacitor, the other end of the second capacitor is connected with an output end of the voltage division unit, one end of the third capacitor is connected with an output end of the voltage division unit, and the other end of the third capacitor is connected with a grounding end of the voltage division unit.
optionally, the selection switch unit includes: the first switching tube and the clamping bleeder circuit; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the first end of the first switch tube is an enable signal input end of the selector switch unit, the second end of the first switch tube is the second signal input end, and the third end of the first switch tube is the first signal input end;
The first input end of the clamping bleeder circuit is connected with the third end of the first switch tube, the second input end of the clamping bleeder circuit is connected with the first end of the first switch tube, the grounding end of the clamping bleeder circuit is the grounding end of the selector switch unit, and the clamping bleeder circuit is used for limiting the potential of the third end of the first switch tube below a preset threshold value.
optionally, in a conducting state, a withstand voltage value from the third end to the second end of the first switching tube is 5V ± 0.5V, including an endpoint value;
In the off state, the withstand voltage value from the third end to the second end of the first switching tube is 10V +/-0.5V, including the endpoint value.
optionally, the clamping bleeder circuit comprises: a second switch tube and a third resistor; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
The first end of the second switch tube is a second input end of the clamping bleeder circuit, the second end of the second switch tube is a first input end of the clamping bleeder circuit, and the third end of the second switch tube is connected with one end of the third resistor;
One end of the third resistor, which is far away from the second switching tube, is a grounding end of the clamping bleeder circuit;
the second switch tube and the first switch tube are different in doping type.
optionally, the first switching tube is an N-type triode;
The second switching tube is a P-type triode;
The first end is a base electrode;
the second end is an emitter;
And the third end is a collector.
Optionally, the enable control signal includes a high level and a low level;
when the enable control signal is at a high level, the selection switch unit is turned on, so that the first capacitor is connected to the input voltage division module;
when the enable control signal is at a low level, the selection switch unit is turned off.
optionally, when the enable control signal is at a high level, the relationship between the output voltage of the input voltage dividing module and the external input voltage is as shown in formula (1):
When the enable control signal is at a low level, the relationship between the output voltage of the input voltage dividing module and the external input voltage is as in formula (2):
VIN _ DIV is the output voltage of the input voltage dividing module, VIN is the external input voltage, R1is the resistance value of the first resistor, R2is the resistance value of the second resistor, C1Is the capacitance value of the first capacitor, C2Is the capacitance value of the second capacitor, C3is the capacitance value, R, of the third capacitor1//R2And the parallel resistance of the first resistor and the second resistor is represented.
an overvoltage protection switch comprising: an input voltage divider module as claimed in any one of the preceding claims.
it can be seen from the foregoing technical solutions that, an embodiment of the present invention provides an input voltage dividing module and an overvoltage protection switch, where the input voltage dividing module is additionally provided with a first capacitor and a second capacitor as feed-forward capacitors to be connected to the input voltage dividing module on the basis of a conventional voltage dividing unit, so as to increase a rising rate of an external input voltage of an output voltage of the input voltage dividing module, and further achieve a purpose of reducing a response time of the input voltage dividing module. The response time of the input voltage division module accounts for the largest proportion in the turn-off time of the overvoltage protection switch, so that the turn-off time of the overvoltage protection switch can be effectively reduced by reducing the response time of the input voltage division module, and the possibility that surge voltage damages rear-stage electronic equipment of the overvoltage protection switch is reduced.
And the input voltage division module realizes the switching of the self disconnection and conduction states through the enabling control signal received by the selection switch unit, thereby realizing the connection and disconnection of the first capacitor in the input voltage division module, realizing the two-stage adjustment of the disconnection time of the input voltage division module, and widening the applicability of the input voltage division module.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is an example of an application of an overvoltage protection switch;
Fig. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of an input voltage divider module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
Fig. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of an input voltage divider module according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;
Fig. 4 is a schematic circuit diagram of an input voltage divider module according to another embodiment of the present application;
Fig. 5 is a schematic circuit diagram of an input voltage divider module in the prior art;
fig. 6 is a diagram illustrating simulation results provided in an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
the embodiment of the present application provides an input voltage division module, as shown in fig. 2, is applied to an overvoltage protection switch, the input voltage division module includes: a voltage dividing unit 100, a selection switch unit 200, a first capacitor C1, a second capacitor C2, and a third capacitor C3, wherein,
The selection switch unit 200 includes an enable signal input terminal FF _ EN, a first signal input terminal, a second signal input terminal, and a ground terminal, the first signal input terminal is connected to one end of the first capacitor C1, the second signal input terminal is connected to the output terminal of the voltage dividing unit 100, the ground terminal of the selection switch unit 200 is connected to the ground terminal of the voltage dividing unit 100, the enable signal input terminal FF _ EN is configured to receive an enable control signal, and the enable control signal is configured to control the selection switch unit 200 to be turned on and off;
The voltage dividing unit 100 includes a first resistor R1 and a second resistor R2 connected in series in sequence, one end of the first resistor R1 away from the second resistor R2 is connected to a first signal input end of the selection switch unit 200 for receiving an external input voltage, a connection node of the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2 serves as an output end of the voltage dividing unit 100, and one end of the second resistor R2 away from the first resistor R1 serves as a ground end of the voltage dividing unit 100;
One end of the first capacitor C1 is connected to the first signal input end of the selection switch unit 200, and the other end of the first capacitor C1 is used for receiving the external input voltage, one end of the second capacitor C2 is connected to one end of the first capacitor C1 away from the selection switch unit 200, and the other end of the second capacitor C2 is connected to the output end of the voltage dividing unit 100, one end of the third capacitor C3 is connected to the output end of the voltage dividing unit 100, and the other end of the third capacitor C3 is connected to the ground end of the voltage dividing unit 100.
reference numeral VIN in fig. 2 denotes an input terminal of an external input voltage, and VIN _ DIV denotes a voltage output terminal of the input voltage dividing module.
it should be noted that, when the selection switch unit 200 is controlled by the enable control signal to be in the on state, the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2 are both connected into the circuit as feedforward capacitors, and the relationship between the output voltage of the voltage divider module and the external input voltage is as shown in formula (1):
when the selection switch unit 200 is controlled by the enable control signal to be in the off state, the first capacitor C1 is disconnected from the input voltage divider module, and only the second capacitor C2 is connected to the circuit as a feed-forward capacitor, and the output voltage of the voltage divider module and the external input voltage have a relationship as shown in formula (2):
VIN _ DIV is the output voltage of the input voltage dividing module, VIN is the external input voltage, R1is the resistance value of the first resistor R1, R2is the resistance value, C, of the second resistor R21Is the capacitance value, C, of the first capacitor C12is the capacitance value, C, of the second capacitor C23is the capacitance value, R, of the third capacitor1//R2Represents the parallel resistance of the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2.
As can be seen from the equations (1) and (2), when the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2 are both connected into the circuit as feedforward capacitors or only the second capacitor C2 is connected into the circuit as feedforward capacitors, the input voltage divider module can additionally provide a part of current (1)Or) The voltage is injected into the second resistor R2, so that the output voltage of the input voltage division module can reach a stable division value more quickly along with the climbing of the external input voltagetherefore, the rising rate of the external input voltage of the output voltage of the input voltage dividing module is improved, and the purpose of reducing the response time of the input voltage dividing module is further achieved. The response time of the input voltage division module accounts for the largest proportion in the turn-off time of the overvoltage protection switch, so that the turn-off time of the overvoltage protection switch can be effectively reduced by reducing the response time of the input voltage division module, and the possibility that surge voltage damages rear-stage electronic equipment of the overvoltage protection switch is reduced.
and the input voltage dividing module realizes the switching of the on-off and on-state of the input voltage dividing module through the enable control signal received by the selection switch unit 200, thereby realizing the connection and disconnection of the first capacitor C1 in the input voltage dividing module, realizing the two-stage adjustment of the off-time of the input voltage dividing module, and widening the applicability of the input voltage dividing module.
On the basis of the above-described embodiment, in an embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 3, the selection switch unit 200 includes: a first switching tube M1 and a clamp bleeder circuit 210; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
A first terminal of the first switch tube M1 is an enable signal input terminal FF _ EN of the selector switch unit 200, a second terminal of the first switch tube M1 is the second signal input terminal, and a third terminal of the first switch tube M1 is the first signal input terminal;
A first input terminal of the clamping bleeder circuit 210 is connected to the third terminal of the first switch tube M1, a second input terminal of the clamping bleeder circuit 210 is connected to the first terminal of the first switch tube M1, a ground terminal of the clamping bleeder circuit 210 is a ground terminal of the selector switch unit 200, and the clamping bleeder circuit 210 is configured to limit a potential of the third terminal of the first switch tube M1 to be below a preset threshold.
in this embodiment, by setting the clamp bleeder circuit 210, it is possible to make more choices of the first switching tube M1, and we can use a high voltage tube as the first switching tube M1, and also can use a low voltage tube as the first switching tube M1, where the high voltage tube and the low voltage tube are defined oppositely, and for an N-type device, the voltage withstanding value from the third end to the second end of the high voltage tube is higher than that from the third end to the first end of the low voltage tube.
Specifically, in a preferred embodiment of the present application, we preferably use a low voltage tube as the first switch tube M1, that is, in the on state, the withstand voltage value from the third end to the second end of the first switch tube M1 is 5V ± 0.5V, inclusive;
In the off state, the withstand voltage value from the third end to the second end of the first switching tube M1 is 10V ± 0.5V, inclusive.
This is because if a high voltage tube is used as the first switch tube M1, when the first switch tube M1 is turned off, the parasitic capacitance at the third end is large, the first capacitor C1 still functions as a feed forward capacitor, and the branch is not completely turned off. Therefore, a low voltage tube is selected as the first switch tube M1, so as to avoid the situation that the first capacitor C1 is still connected to the circuit when the first switch tube M1 is turned off. However, since the third terminal of the low voltage tube cannot withstand high voltage, the clamp bleed circuit 210 needs to be arranged to limit the voltage of the third terminal of the first switch tube M1 to be at or below a preset threshold.
Taking an N-type triode (Bipolar Junction Transistor) as the first switch tube M1 as an example, the first end of the first switch tube M1 is a base;
the second end of the first switch tube M1 is an emitter;
the third terminal of the first switch tube M1 is a collector.
Taking an N-type field effect transistor (MOS) as the first switch tube M1, a first end of the first switch tube M1 is a gate;
The second end of the first switch tube M1 is a source electrode;
The third terminal of the first switch transistor M1 is the drain.
correspondingly, the withstand voltage value from the third end to the second end of the first switch transistor M1 is the maximum sustainable voltage from the drain to the source of the MOS transistor. In practical application, taking a MOS transistor as an example, in general, the low-voltage transistor has a withstand voltage value from the drain to the source of 5V in an on state and a withstand voltage value from the drain to the source of 10V in an off state; in the high-voltage tube, the drain-to-source withstand voltage value is 20V in the on state, and 40V in the off state.
On the basis of the above embodiment, in another embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 4, the clamp bleeder circuit 210 includes: a second switch tube M2 and a third resistor R3; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
a first terminal of the second switch tube M2 is a second input terminal of the clamp bleeder circuit 210, a second terminal of the second switch tube M2 is a first input terminal of the clamp bleeder circuit 210, and a third terminal of the second switch tube is connected to one terminal of the third resistor R3;
one end of the third resistor R3 away from the second switch tube is a ground end of the clamp bleeder circuit 210;
the doping type of the second switch tube M2 is different from that of the first switch tube M1.
In this embodiment, the clamp bleeder circuit 210 may limit the voltage at the third terminal of the first switch tube M1 to a voltage value from the first terminal to the second terminal of the second switch tube M2 in an on state. Taking a P-type MOS transistor as the second switch transistor M2 as an example, the voltage value from the first end to the second end of the second switch transistor M2 is the voltage value from the gate to the source of the P-type MOS transistor.
Optionally, the first switching tube M1 is an N-type triode;
the second switching tube M2 is a P-type triode;
the first end is a base electrode;
The second end is an emitter;
And the third end is a collector.
of course, in other embodiments of the present application, the first switch transistor M1 may also be an N-type MOS transistor;
The second switching tube M2 may also be a P-type MOS tube;
Correspondingly, the first end is a grid;
the second end is a source electrode;
The third section is an emitter.
Still referring to fig. 4, in the circuit configuration shown in fig. 4, the enable control signal includes a high level and a low level;
when the enable control signal is at a high level, the selection switch unit 200 is turned on, so that the first capacitor C1 is connected to the input voltage dividing module;
When the enable control signal is low, the selection switch unit 200 is turned off.
In a specific embodiment of the present application, a simulation comparison between the input voltage dividing module shown in fig. 4 and the input voltage dividing module in the prior art shown in fig. 5 is given, specifically, in the input voltage dividing module in the prior art shown in fig. 5, the input voltage dividing module includes a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor, and a parasitic capacitor C4 at the output terminal of the input voltage dividing module; then, the relationship between the output voltage and the input voltage of the input voltage division module shown in fig. 5 is derived based on the hough current theorem as shown in equation (3):
Wherein Vin _ DIV is the output voltage of the input voltage divider module in fig. 5, Vin is the external input voltage, and Vin is k × t, k is the rising slope of the input voltage, R4is the resistance value of the fourth resistor R4, R5is the resistance value, C, of the fifth resistor R54Is the capacitance value of the parasitic capacitance C4.
the solution is obtained by dissolving the raw materials,
In the input voltage dividing module shown in fig. 4, when the enable control signal is at a high level, the relationship between the output voltage of the input voltage dividing module and the external input voltage is as shown in formula (1):
similarly, VIN is k × t, and k is a rising slope of the input voltage, and compared with the input voltage dividing module in the prior art, in the input voltage dividing module shown in fig. 4, a path of current is additionally providedthe current is injected into a second resistor R2, and is in direct proportion to the capacitance value of the feedforward capacitor and the rising slope of the external input voltage;
when the enable control signal is at a low level, the relationship between the output voltage of the input voltage dividing module and the external input voltage is as in formula (2):
the current additionally injected into the second resistor R2 is higher than that when the enable control signal is highSmaller.
Specific values are set for a first resistor, a second resistor, a first capacitor, a second capacitor, a third capacitor, a parasitic capacitor, a fourth resistor and a fifth resistor for simulation, wherein the first resistor is 165k Ω, the second resistor is 35k Ω, the first capacitor is 500fF, the second capacitor is 500fF, and the third capacitor is 50 fF. VIN, stepped from 5V to 15V, at a rate of 10V/μ s.
referring to fig. 6, in fig. 6, a waveform denoted by L1 is an external input voltage waveform, a waveform denoted by L2 is an output voltage waveform of an input voltage dividing module in the related art, a waveform denoted by L3 is an input voltage dividing module shown in fig. 4, and when an enable control signal is at a low level, a voltage waveform is output; the waveform denoted by reference numeral L4 is an input voltage division block shown in fig. 4, and outputs a voltage waveform when the enable control signal is at a high level.
The time required for the output voltage of the input voltage dividing module in the prior art and the output voltage of the input voltage dividing module provided by the embodiment of the present application to rise from 0.875V to 1V can be summarized from fig. 6, which refers to table 1;
Table 1: the time required for the output voltage of the input voltage division module in the prior art and the output voltage of the input voltage division module provided by the embodiment of the application to rise from 0.875V to 1V
As can be seen from table 1, the time required for the output voltage to rise from 0.875V to 1V is greatly reduced after the feed forward capacitance is increased.
To sum up, the embodiment of the present application provides an input voltage dividing module, the input voltage dividing module has increased first capacitor C1, second capacitor C2 on the basis of traditional voltage dividing unit 100 and has connected into the input voltage dividing module as feedforward capacitor to promote the rising rate of the external input voltage of output voltage of the input voltage dividing module, and then realize the purpose of reducing the response time of the input voltage dividing module. The response time of the input voltage division module accounts for the largest proportion in the turn-off time of the overvoltage protection switch, so that the turn-off time of the overvoltage protection switch can be effectively reduced by reducing the response time of the input voltage division module, and the possibility that surge voltage damages rear-stage electronic equipment of the overvoltage protection switch is reduced.
and the input voltage dividing module realizes the switching of the on-off and on-state of the input voltage dividing module through the enable control signal received by the selection switch unit 200, thereby realizing the connection and disconnection of the first capacitor C1 in the input voltage dividing module, realizing the two-stage adjustment of the off-time of the input voltage dividing module, and widening the applicability of the input voltage dividing module.
Correspondingly, the embodiment of the present application further provides an overvoltage protection switch, including: the input voltage divider module according to any of the above embodiments.
Specifically, referring to fig. 7, the overvoltage protection switch includes an input voltage dividing module D10, a bandgap reference module D30, an overvoltage comparator D20, a logic control module D50, an undervoltage protection and over-temperature protection module D40, a power tube driving module D60, a sixth resistor R6, a seventh resistor R7, and a third switching tube M3, and a specific connection relationship therebetween refers to fig. 7.
IN fig. 7, IN represents the input terminal of the overvoltage protection switch, OUT represents the output terminal of the overvoltage protection switch, GND represents the ground terminal, and DM3 represents the parasitic diode of the third switching transistor M3.
To sum up, the embodiment of the present application provides an input voltage dividing module and an overvoltage protection switch, wherein, on the basis of the conventional voltage dividing unit 100, the input voltage dividing module is additionally provided with a first capacitor C1 and a second capacitor C2 which are connected to the input voltage dividing module as feed-forward capacitors, so as to increase the rising rate of the external input voltage of the output voltage of the input voltage dividing module, and further achieve the purpose of reducing the response time of the input voltage dividing module. The response time of the input voltage division module accounts for the largest proportion in the turn-off time of the overvoltage protection switch, so that the turn-off time of the overvoltage protection switch can be effectively reduced by reducing the response time of the input voltage division module, and the possibility that surge voltage damages rear-stage electronic equipment of the overvoltage protection switch is reduced.
And the input voltage dividing module realizes the switching of the on-off and on-state of the input voltage dividing module through the enable control signal received by the selection switch unit 200, thereby realizing the connection and disconnection of the first capacitor C1 in the input voltage dividing module, realizing the two-stage adjustment of the off-time of the input voltage dividing module, and widening the applicability of the input voltage dividing module.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
the previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims (7)

1. An input voltage divider module for use in an overvoltage protection switch, the input voltage divider module comprising: the voltage divider comprises a voltage dividing unit, a selection switch unit, a first capacitor, a second capacitor and a third capacitor; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the selective switch unit comprises an enable signal input end, a first signal input end, a second signal input end and a grounding end, wherein the first signal input end is connected with one end of the first capacitor, the second signal input end is connected with the output end of the voltage division unit, the grounding end of the selective switch unit is connected with the grounding end of the voltage division unit, the enable signal input end is used for receiving an enable control signal, and the enable control signal is used for controlling the selective switch unit to be disconnected and connected;
The voltage dividing unit comprises a first resistor and a second resistor which are sequentially connected in series, one end of the first resistor, far away from the second resistor, is connected with a first signal input end of the selection switch unit and used for receiving external input voltage, a connection node of the first resistor and the second resistor serves as an output end of the voltage dividing unit, and one end of the second resistor, far away from the first resistor, serves as a grounding end of the voltage dividing unit;
one end of the first capacitor is connected with a first signal input end of the selection switch unit, the other end of the first capacitor is used for receiving the external input voltage, one end of the second capacitor is connected with one end, far away from the selection switch unit, of the first capacitor, the other end of the second capacitor is connected with an output end of the voltage division unit, one end of the third capacitor is connected with an output end of the voltage division unit, and the other end of the third capacitor is connected with a grounding end of the voltage division unit.
2. The input voltage dividing module of claim 1, wherein the selection switch unit comprises: the first switching tube and the clamping bleeder circuit; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
The first end of the first switch tube is an enable signal input end of the selector switch unit, the second end of the first switch tube is the second signal input end, and the third end of the first switch tube is the first signal input end;
the first input end of the clamping bleeder circuit is connected with the third end of the first switch tube, the second input end of the clamping bleeder circuit is connected with the first end of the first switch tube, the grounding end of the clamping bleeder circuit is the grounding end of the selector switch unit, and the clamping bleeder circuit is used for limiting the potential of the third end of the first switch tube below a preset threshold value.
3. the input voltage dividing module of claim 2, wherein in the conducting state, the withstand voltage value from the third end to the second end of the first switching tube is 5V ± 0.5V, including the endpoint value;
in the off state, the withstand voltage value from the third end to the second end of the first switching tube is 10V +/-0.5V, including the endpoint value.
4. the input voltage divider module of claim 2, wherein the clamp bleed circuit comprises: a second switch tube and a third resistor; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the first end of the second switch tube is a second input end of the clamping bleeder circuit, the second end of the second switch tube is a first input end of the clamping bleeder circuit, and the third end of the second switch tube is connected with one end of the third resistor;
One end of the third resistor, which is far away from the second switching tube, is a grounding end of the clamping bleeder circuit;
The second switch tube and the first switch tube are different in doping type.
5. The input voltage divider module of claim 4, wherein the first switch transistor is an N-type transistor;
The second switching tube is a P-type triode;
the first end is a base electrode;
the second end is an emitter;
And the third end is a collector.
6. The input voltage divider module of claim 4, wherein the enable control signal comprises a high level and a low level;
when the enable control signal is at a high level, the selection switch unit is turned on, so that the first capacitor is connected to the input voltage division module;
When the enable control signal is at a low level, the selection switch unit is turned off.
7. An overvoltage protection switch, comprising: the input voltage divider module of any one of claims 1-6.
CN201711364707.0A 2017-12-18 2017-12-18 Input voltage division module and overvoltage protection switch Active CN107979281B (en)

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CN108599100B (en) * 2018-07-10 2024-02-09 上海艾为电子技术股份有限公司 Switch control circuit and load switch
CN110086143B (en) * 2019-06-12 2021-02-19 上海艾为电子技术股份有限公司 Input voltage divider circuit and overvoltage protection switch
CN111030047A (en) * 2019-12-27 2020-04-17 广东高标电子科技有限公司 Controller circuit of motor and high-voltage prevention method thereof

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CN202190212U (en) * 2011-09-09 2012-04-11 青岛海信电器股份有限公司 Overvoltage control circuit, low-power-consumption power circuit and television
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