CN107964778A - 一种割绒织物后整理方法 - Google Patents
一种割绒织物后整理方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107964778A CN107964778A CN201711204920.5A CN201711204920A CN107964778A CN 107964778 A CN107964778 A CN 107964778A CN 201711204920 A CN201711204920 A CN 201711204920A CN 107964778 A CN107964778 A CN 107964778A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- cut pile
- pile fabric
- pile material
- processing
- afterfinish method
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002216 antistatic agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000005670 electromagnetic radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- JIOVMLYJNWPYPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N C=C.S1C=CC=C1.S1C=CC=C1 Chemical group C=C.S1C=CC=C1.S1C=CC=C1 JIOVMLYJNWPYPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002280 amphoteric surfactant Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000003373 anti-fouling effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005202 decontamination Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003588 decontaminative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009832 plasma treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012209 synthetic fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000010148 water-pollination Effects 0.000 description 3
- VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-monostearoylglycerol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(O)CO VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005255 beta decay Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZSLUVFAKFWKJRC-IGMARMGPSA-N 232Th Chemical compound [232Th] ZSLUVFAKFWKJRC-IGMARMGPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052695 Americium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005461 Bremsstrahlung Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052686 Californium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052685 Curium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000006508 Nelumbo nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000002853 Nelumbo nucifera Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000006510 Nelumbo pentapetala Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052781 Neptunium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052778 Plutonium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052776 Thorium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052770 Uranium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052768 actinide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001255 actinides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052767 actinium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QQINRWTZWGJFDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N actinium atom Chemical compound [Ac] QQINRWTZWGJFDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001464 adherent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005262 alpha decay Effects 0.000 description 1
- LXQXZNRPTYVCNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N americium atom Chemical compound [Am] LXQXZNRPTYVCNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000845 anti-microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052789 astatine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RYXHOMYVWAEKHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N astatine atom Chemical compound [At] RYXHOMYVWAEKHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003115 biocidal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N caesium atom Chemical compound [Cs] TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HGLDOAKPQXAFKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N californium atom Chemical compound [Cf] HGLDOAKPQXAFKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007385 chemical modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002845 discoloration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009189 diving Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000675 fabric finishing Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009962 finishing (textile) Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052730 francium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KLMCZVJOEAUDNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N francium atom Chemical compound [Fr] KLMCZVJOEAUDNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003574 free electron Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940075507 glyceryl monostearate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodine Chemical group II PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005865 ionizing radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010534 mechanism of action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001788 mono and diglycerides of fatty acids Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 description 1
- LFNLGNPSGWYGGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N neptunium atom Chemical compound [Np] LFNLGNPSGWYGGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011664 nicotinic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- OYEHPCDNVJXUIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N plutonium atom Chemical compound [Pu] OYEHPCDNVJXUIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052699 polonium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HZEBHPIOVYHPMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N polonium atom Chemical compound [Po] HZEBHPIOVYHPMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001690 polydopamine Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052705 radium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HCWPIIXVSYCSAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N radium atom Chemical compound [Ra] HCWPIIXVSYCSAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052704 radon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SYUHGPGVQRZVTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N radon atom Chemical compound [Rn] SYUHGPGVQRZVTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001338 self-assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052713 technetium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GKLVYJBZJHMRIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N technetium atom Chemical compound [Tc] GKLVYJBZJHMRIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000699 topical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- DNYWZCXLKNTFFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N uranium Chemical compound [U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U] DNYWZCXLKNTFFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M10/00—Physical treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, e.g. ultrasonic, corona discharge, irradiation, electric currents, or magnetic fields; Physical treatment combined with treatment with chemical compounds or elements
- D06M10/008—Treatment with radioactive elements or with neutrons, alpha, beta or gamma rays
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M10/00—Physical treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, e.g. ultrasonic, corona discharge, irradiation, electric currents, or magnetic fields; Physical treatment combined with treatment with chemical compounds or elements
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M10/00—Physical treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, e.g. ultrasonic, corona discharge, irradiation, electric currents, or magnetic fields; Physical treatment combined with treatment with chemical compounds or elements
- D06M10/001—Treatment with visible light, infrared or ultraviolet, X-rays
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M10/00—Physical treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, e.g. ultrasonic, corona discharge, irradiation, electric currents, or magnetic fields; Physical treatment combined with treatment with chemical compounds or elements
- D06M10/003—Treatment with radio-waves or microwaves
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M10/00—Physical treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, e.g. ultrasonic, corona discharge, irradiation, electric currents, or magnetic fields; Physical treatment combined with treatment with chemical compounds or elements
- D06M10/02—Physical treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, e.g. ultrasonic, corona discharge, irradiation, electric currents, or magnetic fields; Physical treatment combined with treatment with chemical compounds or elements ultrasonic or sonic; Corona discharge
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M14/00—Graft polymerisation of monomers containing carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds on to fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M15/53—Polyethers
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M2200/00—Functionality of the treatment composition and/or properties imparted to the textile material
- D06M2200/01—Stain or soil resistance
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
- Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
Abstract
一种割绒织物后整理方法,包括以下步骤:根据需要纺织制备割绒织物,得到待处理割绒材料;用一定剂量的电离辐射照射待处理割绒材料;在保护性气氛中对经过电离辐射照射处理后的割绒材料进行加热,加热过程中维持恒定的压力;对经过处理得到的割绒材料进行冷却处理,冷却处理后的温度高于室温;配制整理液;将经过处理得到的割绒材料浸渍到整理液中进行浸渍,浸渍过程在密闭容器内进行,容器底部设置有超声波振荡发生装置,浸渍过程维持恒定的压力和温度;对经过处理的割绒材料进行刷毛处理;对经过处理的割绒材料进行烘干处理,得到成品。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种织物的后整理方法,尤其涉及一种割绒织物的功能性后整理方法。
背景技术
随着人们对新型纺织品要求的逐渐提高,作为赋予织物多功能性的最主要途
径,许多研究者将目光聚集在了织物的表面改性。各种表面改性的方法被使用在纺织品上,使纺织品拥有高附加值的优异性能,主要包括不褪色变色、高强度、高模量、导电性、导热性、抗菌性、疏水、超亲水、抗静电、防辐射等。多功能纺织品被不断开发并投放市场,受到了消费者的青睐。
仿生疏水织物也是一大研究热点。其表面具备的防粘、防污、自洁等特殊性能使其拥有广泛的应用前景。仿生疏水织物已被应用在防雨雪服、防污户外服、潜水服、军用警用服装等服装方面,室内装饰布、野营帐篷、工业篷布、农业纺织品甚至医疗卫生纺织品等非服用方面。因此,对人造仿生类疏水性织物的机理及应用研究具有重大的理论和实践意义。
自然界生物中有愈多疏水的例子被广泛的研究并制成仿生疏水材料。这些生物表面大体较粗糙且覆盖有类似油脂蜡质,其与水等液体的接触角可达到150 °以上。荷叶效应及花瓣效应便是其中研究应用最广的两个实例,特殊的微纳二级结构使它们拥有超高的接触角及差异极大的滚动角,从而造成了截然不同的自清洁或强粘附性效果。制备疏水材料的主要方法有溶胶凝胶法、聚合物溶液成膜法、自组装法等,这些方法都主要包括了两个步骤:首先通过物理或化学方法在材料表面构建粗糙的微纳二级结构,其次将低表面能的物质处理到材料表面。分析影响表面润湿性的主要因素可得,增加材料表面粗糙度或降低其表面能可以有效地增强其疏水性。而材料表面特殊的纳米级结构也是使材料达到疏水状态的关键因素。疏水材料已被广泛的研究并在民用、工业用、军用等方面成为重要的功能性材料。如应用在民用纺织品上,可以制成具有防污防水效果的户外服、雨衣等;应用在户外玻璃或室外天线方面,可以防止灰尘及雨雪的堆积;应用在能源输送管道等方面,可以有效防止堵塞减少消耗;应用在赛艇、轮船、潜水艇等接触水的外壳上,不仅可以减小水对因摩擦而其产生的阻力提高速度,还能同时达到防污防腐的效果。由于具有疏水性的材料需要具备高粗糙度和低表面能这两个要求,纳米铜也被报道用于疏水领域,例如疏水纳米铜带层。有研究者也尝试将亲水性聚多巴胺按一定的规律排列在疏水性材料表面而形成特殊的亲疏水界面。在日常生活及生产中,有许多纺织品特别是合成纤维在使用过程中容易产生
静电积聚。许多合成纤维由于其分子链中的极性基团很少,亲水性差,容易产生和积聚电荷且难以消散。静电的存在使纺织品易起毛起球、积累灰尘污渍、影响穿着舒适度。在一些工业生产中工作人员的操作服上若出现静电现象,不仅可能影响正常的生产过程,更有甚者还会诱发事故造成生命财产损失。目前,最常用且最有效的方法是在纺织品表面整理上抗静电剂来降低其表面电阻率,故抗静电剂的开发和应用研究也成为织物表面功能改性的重要课题之一。
防止静电产生的方法主要有两个方面,一是尽量减少摩擦防止静电产生,而是增加局部导电率消耗电荷防止静电积累。消耗电荷的主要方法如下:一是赋予良导体物质或介电常数大的物质进行织物表面整理,研究纳米铜颗粒应用在织物上可达到良好的抗静电及抗菌性能;二是赋予亲水性乃至吸湿性化合物,作用机理为提高织物回潮率降低绝缘性加速静电泄漏,采用甘油单硬脂酸酯对材料进行处理并很好的改善了材料的润湿性和表面的抗静电性;三是采用导电纤维与普通纤维交织,织物的抗静电性强且耐久,但通过此方法制备的织物价格十分高昂,将碳纳米管分散在抗静电剂中并与合纤进行混纺,将碳纳米管作为抗静电剂载体赋予了合纤优良的抗静电性能。
作为一种新型的纤维改性和织物整理方法,等离子体处理技术具有低成本、对环境破坏小、处理方便、有显著效果等优点。等离子体被称为物质的第四态,和固体、液体或气体一样,是物质的一种状态。要想获得等离子体状态,只要将足够多的能量施加到气体上,使之离子化即可。等离子体由包括光子、自由基和激发态或亚稳态的分子的中性粒子和包括离子和自由电子带电粒子集合而成。利用该处理技术处理织物时,在织物表面发生了大量的化学反应和物理作用,各个活性物种与表面分子相互不停地撞击,在织物表面产生了清洁、刻蚀、化学改性及聚合作用。因此,等离子体处理技术被应用在天然纤维以及合成纤维中,使之产生良好的效果,故也能够改善合成纤维吸湿性差、抗静电性弱等缺点。
但是等离子体处理技术需要设置专门的等离子体发射器和相应的控制设备,会导致不太容易实施,而且等离子体也不易于获得。电离辐照同样可以起到活化材料表面的作用,适宜于对纺织品材料进行处理。但是目前的处理大多都是单一功能的整理,不具有多功能复合效应,因此,需要开发一种新型的活化材料表面的多功能整理技术。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种割绒织物的后整理方法,经过该后整理,使得割绒织物具有去污、防静电、光敏致色的特点。
为实现上述目的,本发明采用如下技术方案:一种割绒织物后整理方法,包括以下步骤:
1)根据需要纺织制备割绒织物,得到待处理割绒材料;
2)用一定剂量的电离辐射照射待处理割绒材料;对割绒织物进行电离辐射,可以提高割绒材料中的游离基水平,使得材料的表面得到活化,提高其与整理液中有效整理剂成分的亲和性和结合效率,提高整理的效率,并改善整理的效果。
3)在保护性气氛中对经过电离辐射照射处理后的割绒材料进行加热,加热过程中维持恒定的压力;
4)对经过步骤3)处理得到的割绒材料进行冷却处理,冷却处理后的温度高于室温;
5)配制整理液;
6)将经过步骤4)处理得到的割绒材料浸渍到整理液中进行浸渍,浸渍过程在密闭容器内进行,容器底部设置有超声波振荡发生装置,浸渍过程维持恒定的压力和温度;容器底部设置有超声波振荡发生装置持续发出高频超声波,使得整理液中的有效整理剂成分可以均匀、快速第沉积到割绒织物的绒毛以及基布表面,提高整理速率。
7)对经过步骤6)处理的割绒材料进行刷毛处理;
8)对经过步骤7)处理的割绒材料进行烘干处理,得到成品。
进一步地,步骤1)中所述的割绒织物为采用双剑杆织机制备得到的割绒织物。
进一步地,步骤2)中所述的电离辐射为重带电粒子辐射、电子流辐射或电磁辐射中的一种;具体可以通过以下手段提供辐射,重带电粒子,例如α粒子、氧粒子或质子;电子,例如在β衰变或电子束加速器中产生的电子;或者电磁辐射,例如γ射线、X射线或紫外线。不同形式的辐射通过辐射的能量所确定的特定相互作用将材料离子化。辐射可以是基本粒子的粒子束的形式,例如电子、质子、α粒子等。在一些实施方案中,粒子束具有足以穿透被照射材料的截面的能量。在使用电子的实施方案中,电子可以具有例如0.5c至99.9c的速度。较重的粒子,例如质子,通常具有小于0.5c的速度。因为较重的粒子通常具有较低的速度,因此通常比电子束需要较少的防护。
进一步地,所述电磁辐射为γ射线、X射线、紫外线、红外线、微波或无线电波中的一种。
重带电粒子主要通过库仑散射将物质离子化;此外,这些相互作用产生可以进一步将物质离子化的高能电子。α粒子与氦原子核相同并且通过多种放射性原子核的α衰变产生,所述放射性原子核为例如铋、钋、砹、氡、钫、镭、多种锕系元素例如锕、钍、铀、镎、锔、锎、镅和钚的同位素。电子通过电子速度的变化产生的轫致辐射和库仑散射而相互作用。电子可以通过发生β衰变的放射性原子核产生,所述放射性原子核例如为碘、铯、锝和铱的同位素。或者,电子枪可以通过热离子发射而用作电子源。 电磁辐射通过三种过程相互作用:光电吸收、康普顿散射和电子偶生成。主要的相互作用由入射辐射的能量和材料的原子序数决定。对纤维材料中吸收的辐射有贡献的相互作用之和可以通过质量吸收系数表示。电磁辐射细分为γ射线、X射线、紫外线、红外线、微波或无线电波,这取决于它们的波长。
进一步地,所述电磁辐射具有大于1.5Mrad/秒的照射速率;较高的辐射速率可以保证后整理工艺的顺利进行和较高的改性速率,但是过高的辐射速率也会带来一些负面影响,比如过大的功耗以及有害的辐射剂量,看了根据实际情况的需要选择合适的辐射速率,但是其必要保证可以穿透割绒织物的厚度方向。
进一步地,所述步骤5)中的整理液中包括聚醚磷酸盐表面活性剂、抗静电剂和光致变色材料以及相应的溶剂。
进一步地,所述聚醚磷酸盐表面活性剂为两性表面活性剂;所述抗静电剂为选自阳离子抗静电剂、阴离子抗静电剂、非离子型抗静电剂、改性的碳纳米管、改性的石墨烯、聚醚和聚酰胺的共聚物、金属粉以及改性的导电石墨中的一种或几种;所述光致变色材料为盐酸荧光粉或二噻吩乙烯。抗静电剂的选择没有统一标准和规格,可以根据需要选择;光致变色材料可以使割绒织物在昏暗的条件先可以显示出光,起到指示或者警示的作用,避免意外事故的发生。
进一步地,所述步骤3)中冷却处理后的温度为40-60℃;步骤6)中浸渍时间为100-300min,浸渍过程中维持温度40-60℃、压力为3-5个大气压;步骤7)中的刷毛处理在刷毛机上进行带水刷毛处理,刷毛处理时带水率为100-200%;步骤6)中超声波振荡发生装置的振动频率为100-350MHZ。
本发明的有益效果为:本发明使用的整理液中的整理剂为聚醚磷酸盐表面活性剂、抗静电剂和光致变色材料,其中,聚醚磷酸盐表面活性剂具有防污去污的效果,抗静电剂具有抗静电同时也具有防污去污的效果,光致变色材料具有在昏暗环境下发光的效果,使得割绒材料作为地毯或者户外衣物使用时可以在昏暗处发光,给使用者以提示或警示,避免意外的发生。在经整理前,先对割绒织物进行电离辐射处理,使得割绒材料的表面得以活化或者离子化,进而可以更容易地与整理液中的有效整理剂正分相互结合或者接枝,增加后整理的效果和效率。后整理的浸渍过程是在恒定的压力和温度条件下进行,而且还有超声波振荡,振荡的整理液更利于整理剂有效成分在割绒织物上的沉积,而且其沉积更为均匀和规则。
具体实施方式
为能清楚说明本方案的技术特点,下面通过一个具体实施方式,对本方案进行阐述。
具体实施方式一
一种割绒织物后整理方法,包括以下步骤:
1)根据需要纺织制备割绒织物,采用双剑杆织机制备得到的割绒织物,得到待处理割绒材料;
2)用辐射速率为1.5Mrad/秒的紫外线辐射照射待处理割绒材料;
3)在氮气保护性气氛中对经过电离辐射照射处理后的割绒材料进行加热,加热温度为80℃,加热过程中维持恒定的压力2个大气压;
4)对经过步骤3)处理得到的割绒材料进行冷却处理,冷却处理后的温度40℃;
5)配制整理液,整理液中包括15%的聚醚磷酸盐表面活性剂、10%的阴离子抗静电剂和5%的盐酸荧光粉以及适量的溶剂;
6)将经过步骤4)处理得到的割绒材料浸渍到整理液中进行浸渍,浸渍过程在密闭容器内进行,浸渍时间100min,容器底部设置有超声波振荡发生装置,超声波振荡发生装置的振动频率为100MHZ,浸渍过程中维持温度40℃、压力为3个大气压;
7)对经过步骤6)处理的割绒材料进行刷毛处理,在刷毛机上进行带水刷毛处理,刷毛处理时带水率为100%;
8)对经过步骤7)处理的割绒材料进行烘干处理,得到成品。
具体实施方式二
一种割绒织物后整理方法,包括以下步骤:
1)根据需要纺织制备割绒织物,采用双剑杆织机制备得到的割绒织物,得到待处理割绒材料;
2)用辐射速率为2Mrad/秒的紫外线辐射照射待处理割绒材料;
3)在氮气保护性气氛中对经过电离辐射照射处理后的割绒材料进行加热,加热温度为85℃,加热过程中维持恒定的压力2.5个大气压;
4)对经过步骤3)处理得到的割绒材料进行冷却处理,冷却处理后的温度60℃;
5)配制整理液,整理液中包括15%的聚醚磷酸盐表面活性剂、10%的阳离子抗静电剂和5%的二噻吩乙烯以及适量的溶剂;
6)将经过步骤4)处理得到的割绒材料浸渍到整理液中进行浸渍,浸渍过程在密闭容器内进行,浸渍时间300min,容器底部设置有超声波振荡发生装置,超声波振荡发生装置的振动频率为350MHZ,浸渍过程中维持温度60℃、压力为5个大气压;
7)对经过步骤6)处理的割绒材料进行刷毛处理,在刷毛机上进行带水刷毛处理,刷毛处理时带水率为200%;
8)对经过步骤7)处理的割绒材料进行烘干处理,得到成品。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (8)
1.一种割绒织物后整理方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
1)根据需要纺织制备割绒织物,得到待处理割绒材料;
2)用一定剂量的电离辐射照射待处理割绒材料;
3)在保护性气氛中对经过电离辐射照射处理后的割绒材料进行加热,加热过程中维持恒定的压力;
4)对经过步骤3)处理得到的割绒材料进行冷却处理,冷却处理后的温度高于室温;
5)配制整理液;
6)将经过步骤4)处理得到的割绒材料浸渍到整理液中进行浸渍,浸渍过程在密闭容器内进行,容器底部设置有超声波振荡发生装置,浸渍过程维持恒定的压力和温度;
7)对经过步骤6)处理的割绒材料进行刷毛处理;
8)对经过步骤7)处理的割绒材料进行烘干处理,得到成品。
2.根据权利要求1所述的割绒织物后整理方法,其特征在于,步骤1)中所述的割绒织物为采用双剑杆织机制备得到的割绒织物。
3.根据权利要求1所述的割绒织物后整理方法,其特征在于,步骤2)中所述的电离辐射为重带电粒子辐射、电子流辐射或电磁辐射中的一种。
4.根据权利要求3所述的割绒织物后整理方法,其特征在于,所述电磁辐射为γ射线、X射线、紫外线、红外线、微波或无线电波中的一种。
5.根据权利要求4所述的割绒织物后整理方法,其特征在于,所述电磁辐射具有大于1.5Mrad/秒的照射速率。
6.根据权利要求1所述的割绒织物后整理方法,其特征在于,所述步骤5)中的整理液中包括聚醚磷酸盐表面活性剂、抗静电剂和光致变色材料以及相应的溶剂。
7.根据权利要求6所述的割绒织物后整理方法,其特征在于,所述聚醚磷酸盐表面活性剂为两性表面活性剂;所述抗静电剂为选自阳离子抗静电剂、阴离子抗静电剂、非离子型抗静电剂、改性的碳纳米管、改性的石墨烯、聚醚和聚酰胺的共聚物、金属粉以及改性的导电石墨中的一种或几种;所述光致变色材料为盐酸荧光粉或二噻吩乙烯。
8.根据权利要求1所述的割绒织物后整理方法,其特征在于,所述步骤3)中冷却处理后的温度为40-60℃;步骤6)中浸渍时间为100-300min,浸渍过程中维持温度40-60℃、压力为3-5个大气压;步骤7)中的刷毛处理在刷毛机上进行带水刷毛处理,刷毛处理时带水率为100-200%;步骤6)中超声波振荡发生装置的振动频率为100-350MHZ。
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201711204920.5A CN107964778A (zh) | 2017-11-27 | 2017-11-27 | 一种割绒织物后整理方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201711204920.5A CN107964778A (zh) | 2017-11-27 | 2017-11-27 | 一种割绒织物后整理方法 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN107964778A true CN107964778A (zh) | 2018-04-27 |
Family
ID=61997950
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN201711204920.5A Pending CN107964778A (zh) | 2017-11-27 | 2017-11-27 | 一种割绒织物后整理方法 |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN107964778A (zh) |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN1584182A (zh) * | 2004-06-16 | 2005-02-23 | 南通纺织职业技术学院 | 一种对高分子纤维材料表面改性的方法 |
US20080282480A1 (en) * | 2007-05-15 | 2008-11-20 | The Hong Kong Polytechnic University | Multifunction Finishing Liquids Containing Dendrimers and the Application of the Liquids in Textile Finishing |
CN105133285A (zh) * | 2015-09-18 | 2015-12-09 | 江南大学 | 一种低温等离子体协同电子束辐射对织物的耐久性阻燃接枝改性方法 |
-
2017
- 2017-11-27 CN CN201711204920.5A patent/CN107964778A/zh active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN1584182A (zh) * | 2004-06-16 | 2005-02-23 | 南通纺织职业技术学院 | 一种对高分子纤维材料表面改性的方法 |
US20080282480A1 (en) * | 2007-05-15 | 2008-11-20 | The Hong Kong Polytechnic University | Multifunction Finishing Liquids Containing Dendrimers and the Application of the Liquids in Textile Finishing |
CN105133285A (zh) * | 2015-09-18 | 2015-12-09 | 江南大学 | 一种低温等离子体协同电子束辐射对织物的耐久性阻燃接枝改性方法 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
Asif et al. | Application of nanotechnology in modern textiles: A review | |
CN105603717B (zh) | 一种表面改性芳纶纤维及其制备方法 | |
Wong et al. | Selected applications of nanotechnology in textiles | |
Parthasarathi et al. | Synthesis and characterization of zinc oxide nanopartilce and its application on fabrics for microbe resistant defence clothing | |
Ibrahim et al. | Novel approach for attaining cotton fabric with multi-functional properties | |
US20170200518A1 (en) | Composition for radiation shielding and method for preparing same | |
CN109177396A (zh) | 一种防护复合材料及其制备方法 | |
CN102943374B (zh) | 防辐射保暖抗静电面料纤维及其制备方法和装置 | |
CN102066634A (zh) | 织物及用于生产织物的方法和*** | |
Mahmud et al. | Application of nanotechnology in the field of textile | |
CN102399518B (zh) | 一种防辐射胶黏剂、防辐射布及制备方法 | |
US11306430B2 (en) | Treatment method for cotton textile | |
CN106906643A (zh) | 一种用于非织造布的抗静电后整理方法 | |
Gouda et al. | Augmentation of multifunctional properties of cellulosic cotton fabric using titanium dioxide nanoparticles | |
CN107938220A (zh) | 一种割绒织物后整理装置 | |
CN107964778A (zh) | 一种割绒织物后整理方法 | |
Becenen et al. | Applications of TiO2, ZnO and Ag nanomaterials to denim fabric | |
Xin et al. | Application of nanomaterials in safety intelligent clothing design | |
DE1113677B (de) | Verfahren zur Verbesserung der mechanischen Eigenschaften von Textilien aus natuerlichen und bzw. oder kuenstlichen cellulosehaltigen Fasern | |
US20170314185A1 (en) | Near Infrared Energy Absorbing Textile | |
Verma et al. | Impact of nanotechnology on sustainable textile material and its application | |
CN108588942A (zh) | 一种腈纶镀铜-硼合金导电长丝及其制备方法 | |
Ali et al. | Green nanomaterials for multifunctional textile finishes | |
Wu et al. | Research progress in applying nanomaterials in the field of functional textiles | |
CN107686124A (zh) | 球形结构的等离子场纳米颗粒及其制备方法与应用 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20180427 |
|
RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |