CN107962182B - method for preparing diamond circular saw blade cutter head by microwave hot pressing sintering technology - Google Patents
method for preparing diamond circular saw blade cutter head by microwave hot pressing sintering technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN107962182B CN107962182B CN201711049610.0A CN201711049610A CN107962182B CN 107962182 B CN107962182 B CN 107962182B CN 201711049610 A CN201711049610 A CN 201711049610A CN 107962182 B CN107962182 B CN 107962182B
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- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 96
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000009768 microwave sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007767 bonding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000005087 graphitization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 206010003549 asthenia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012761 high-performance material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
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- B22F1/0003—
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/12—Both compacting and sintering
- B22F3/14—Both compacting and sintering simultaneously
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C26/00—Alloys containing diamond or cubic or wurtzitic boron nitride, fullerenes or carbon nanotubes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C30/00—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent
- C22C30/02—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent containing copper
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C30/00—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent
- C22C30/04—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent containing tin or lead
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/005—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing rare earths, i.e. Sc, Y, Lanthanides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/008—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tin
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/08—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing nickel
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/16—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing copper
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
- B22F2005/001—Cutting tools, earth boring or grinding tool other than table ware
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
- B22F2998/10—Processes characterised by the sequence of their steps
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2999/00—Aspects linked to processes or compositions used in powder metallurgy
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- Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to methods for preparing diamond circular saw blade cutter heads by microwave hot-pressing sintering technology, belonging to the technical field of microwave sintering and superhard material preparation, which comprises the following steps of uniformly mixing 45-60% of Fe powder, 22-40% of Cu powder, 3-13% of Ni powder, 2-8% of Sn powder, 0-2% of La powder and 0-3% of Cr powder by mass percent to obtain mixed powder, wherein the sum of the mass percentages of the powders is 100%, then adding diamond particles, uniformly mixing to obtain diamond particle mixed powder, and keeping the temperature of the obtained diamond particle mixed powder for 3-9 min at the sintering pressure of 15-25 MPa and the microwave sintering temperature of 770-870 ℃ to obtain the diamond circular saw blade cutter heads.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to methods for preparing diamond circular saw blade cutter heads by microwave hot-pressing sintering technology, belonging to the technical field of microwave sintering and superhard material preparation.
Background
The most outstanding problem restricting the diamond circular saw blade industry at present is that the metal matrix has low holding strength to the diamond abrasive, the diamond abrasive is hard to be edged and easy to fall off and lose efficacy, so the service life and the processing efficiency of the tool are greatly reduced.
However, for high iron matrix volume, generally higher sintering temperature and/or sintering pressure are required to ensure sufficient diffusion of elements and alloying reaction in the sintering process, sintering is important processes in the saw blade preparation process, the traditional sintering method mainly adopts cold pressing-vacuum sintering and hot pressing sintering, wherein hot pressing sintering is the most used method for producing diamond circular saw blades at present, for the traditional hot pressing sintering process, although the bonding strength of diamond and a metal matrix can be improved under the conditions of high temperature and high pressure, the strength loss of diamond is caused at the same time, and the service life of the saw blade is influenced, cold pressing-vacuum sintering has the characteristics of large production batch and low manufacturing cost, but the sintering process is long in time and high in energy consumption, the density and strength of the sintered body cannot meet the requirements of complex working conditions easily, in recent years, novel microwave hot pressing sintering technologies are widely applied to sintering of materials with low void ratio, the novel sintering technology combines the advantages of rapid heating, internal heating, uniform heating and the like of the microwave sintering process, and the advantages of rapid heating, the high comprehensive strength and high pressure loss of the materials can be obtained due to the advantages of the rapid heating and the high comprehensive pressure of the saw blade.
The influence of microwave activated hot-pressing sintering on the microstructure and thermoelectric properties of n-type Bi2Te2.85Se0.15 compounds discloses the preparation of n-type Bi2Te2.85Se0.15 compounds by microwave hot-pressing. In the technical scheme, the microwave hot pressing technology is adopted to successfully prepare the high-performance material, but the technology is not reported in the preparation of the diamond saw blade. All the applications adopt the microwave hot-pressing sintering technology to replace the traditional hot-pressing technology, and meanwhile, the rare earth and carbide forming elements are added in the formula, so that the bonding strength between the diamond and the matrix is hopefully enhanced, and the service life of the saw blade is prolonged.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides methods for preparing diamond circular saw blade cutter heads by microwave hot-pressing sintering technology, aiming at the problems and the defects of the prior art.
method for preparing diamond circular saw blade by microwave hot pressing sintering technology, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, firstly, mixing the following powders in percentage by mass: 45-60% of Fe powder, 22-40% of Cu powder, 3-13% of Ni powder, 2-8% of Sn powder, 0-2% of La powder and 0-3% of Cr powder are uniformly mixed to obtain mixed powder, the sum of the mass percentages of the powders is 100%, and then diamond particles are added and uniformly mixed to obtain diamond particle mixed powder;
and 2, preserving the heat of the diamond particle mixed powder obtained in the step 1 for 3-9 min at the sintering pressure of 15-25 MPa and the microwave sintering temperature of 770-870 ℃ to obtain the diamond circular saw blade cutter head.
In the step 1, the granularity of Fe powder, Cu powder, Ni powder, Sn powder, La powder and Cr powder is 100-200 meshes.
In the step 1, the diamond particles are 45-55 meshes.
The diamond particles are added according to the volume of the required tool bit, and the dosage G of the diamond is determinedd=ρdV，ρd=0.88K，ρdThe volume of the tip contains the mass of diamond, the concentration of K-diamond, V-tip volume.
The adding mass of the powder is determined according to the required volume of the cutter head, and M = rho V, M-powder mass and rho-mixed powder bonding agent theory are compactDegree, V-bit volume. For example, when rho is 7.963g/cm3And V is 2.16cm3When M was 17.20 g.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) compared with the traditional hot-pressing sintering mode, the sintering temperature can be reduced by adopting the novel microwave hot-pressing sintering technology in the sintering mode, the strength damage of the diamond is reduced, and the cutter bit with higher compactness is obtained.
(2) According to the invention, quantitative La and Cr powders are added in the formula, so that the bonding force between the diamond and the metal matrix is enhanced, and the wear resistance of the tool bit is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a scanning electron microscope photograph showing the bonding condition of diamond and a substrate in the diamond circular saw blade tip manufactured in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a scanning electron microscope photograph showing the combination of diamond and a substrate in a diamond circular saw blade tip manufactured in example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a scanning electron microscope photograph showing the combination of diamond and a substrate in the diamond circular saw blade tip manufactured in example 3 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and detailed description.
Example 1
As shown in figure 1, the method for preparing the diamond circular saw blade head by using the microwave hot pressing sintering technology comprises the following specific steps:
step 1, firstly, mixing the following powders in percentage by mass: uniformly mixing 60% of Fe powder, 22% of Cu powder, 10% of Ni powder, 8% of Sn powder, 0% of La powder and 0% of Cr powder to obtain mixed powder, wherein the sum of the mass percentages of the powders is 100%, and then adding diamond particles to uniformly mix to obtain diamond particle mixed powder; wherein the granularity of Fe powder, Cu powder, Ni powder, Sn powder, La powder and Cr powder is 100 meshes, and the granularity of diamond particles is 45 meshes;
and 2, preserving the heat of the diamond particle mixed powder obtained in the step 1 for 9min at the sintering pressure of 25MPa and the microwave sintering temperature of 770 ℃ to obtain the diamond circular saw blade cutter head.
Through tests, the density of the diamond circular saw blade head prepared by the embodiment is 97.92%, the hardness is 102.14HRB, and the transverse rupture strength is 650 MPa. The scanning electron microscope image of the diamond and matrix combination condition in the diamond circular saw blade tip prepared by the embodiment is shown in fig. 2, and it can be seen from fig. 2 that gaps exist at the combination position of the matrix and the diamond, but the diamond has complete appearance and no graphitization occurs.
Example 2
As shown in figure 1, the method for preparing the diamond circular saw blade head by using the microwave hot pressing sintering technology comprises the following specific steps:
step 1, firstly, mixing the following powders in percentage by mass: uniformly mixing 45% of Fe powder, 40% of Cu powder, 6% of Ni powder, 5% of Sn powder, 1% of La powder and 3% of Cr powder to obtain mixed powder, wherein the sum of the mass percentages of the powders is 100%, and then adding diamond particles to uniformly mix to obtain diamond particle mixed powder; wherein the particle sizes of Fe powder, Cu powder, Ni powder, Sn powder, La powder and Cr powder are 200 meshes, and the particle sizes of diamond particles are 55 meshes;
and 2, preserving the heat of the diamond particle mixed powder obtained in the step 1 for 6min at the sintering pressure of 20MPa and the microwave sintering temperature of 820 ℃ to obtain the diamond circular saw blade cutter head.
Through tests, the density of the diamond circular saw blade head prepared by the embodiment is 98.12%, the hardness is 105.87HRB, and the transverse rupture strength is 720 MPa. The scanning electron microscope image of the diamond and the matrix combined condition in the diamond circular saw blade tip prepared in the embodiment is shown in fig. 3, and the diamond and the matrix are tightly combined and have no gap as can be seen from fig. 3. This is mainly due to the addition of the metals La and Cr, which improves the bond between the diamond and the substrate.
Example 3
As shown in figure 1, the method for preparing the diamond circular saw blade head by using the microwave hot pressing sintering technology comprises the following specific steps:
step 1, firstly, mixing the following powders in percentage by mass: uniformly mixing 52% of Fe powder, 31% of Cu powder, 13% of Ni powder, 2% of Sn powder, 1% of La powder and 1% of Cr powder to obtain mixed powder, wherein the sum of the mass percentages of the powders is 100%, and then adding diamond particles to uniformly mix to obtain diamond particle mixed powder; wherein the particle sizes of Fe powder, Cu powder, Ni powder, Sn powder, La powder and Cr powder are 150 meshes, and the particle sizes of diamond particles are 50 meshes;
and 2, preserving the heat of the diamond particle mixed powder obtained in the step 1 for 3min at the sintering pressure of 15MPa and the microwave sintering temperature of 870 ℃ to obtain the diamond circular saw blade cutter head.
Through tests, the density of the diamond circular saw blade head prepared by the embodiment is 98.37%, the hardness is 106.68HRB, and the transverse rupture strength is 735 MPa. The scanning electron microscope image of the diamond and the matrix combined condition in the diamond circular saw blade tip prepared in the embodiment is shown in fig. 4, and the diamond and the matrix are tightly combined and have no gap from fig. 4. This is mainly due to the addition of the metals La and Cr, which improves the bond between the diamond and the substrate. More importantly, the appearance of the diamond is complete, and the diamond does not have graphitization generation under the condition that the surface is sintered at a high temperature of 870 ℃.
Example 4
As shown in figure 1, the method for preparing the diamond circular saw blade head by using the microwave hot pressing sintering technology comprises the following specific steps:
step 1, firstly, mixing the following powders in percentage by mass: 55% of Fe powder, 36% of Cu powder, 3% of Ni powder, 2% of Sn powder, 2% of La powder and 2% of Cr powder are uniformly mixed to obtain mixed powder, the sum of the mass percentages of the powders is 100%, and then diamond particles are added and uniformly mixed to obtain diamond particle mixed powder; wherein the particle sizes of Fe powder, Cu powder, Ni powder, Sn powder, La powder and Cr powder are 160 meshes, and the particle sizes of diamond particles are 52 meshes;
and 2, preserving the heat of the diamond particle mixed powder obtained in the step 1 for 6min at the sintering pressure of 22MPa and the microwave sintering temperature of 800 ℃ to obtain the diamond circular saw blade cutter head.
Through tests, the density of the diamond circular saw blade head prepared by the embodiment is 98.37%, the hardness is 102.31HRB, and the transverse rupture strength is 695 MPa.
While the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, and various changes can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1, method for preparing diamond circular saw blade cutter head by microwave hot pressing sintering technology, which is characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:
step 1, firstly, mixing the following powders in percentage by mass: uniformly mixing 52% of Fe powder, 31% of Cu powder, 13% of Ni powder, 2% of Sn powder, 1% of La powder and 1% of Cr powder to obtain mixed powder, wherein the sum of the mass percentages of the powders is 100%, and then adding diamond particles to uniformly mix to obtain diamond particle mixed powder;
step 2, preserving the heat of the diamond particle mixed powder obtained in the step 1 for 3min at the sintering pressure of 15MPa and the microwave sintering temperature of 870 ℃ to obtain a diamond circular saw blade cutter head;
the addition of the diamond particles is determined according to the volume of the required tool bit, and the dosage G of the diamond is determinedd=ρdV，ρd=0.88K，ρd-the tool tip contains diamond mass, K-diamond concentration, V-tool tip volume per volume;
the adding mass of the powder is determined according to the required volume of the cutter head, wherein M = rho V, M-powder mass, rho-theoretical density of the mixed powder bonding agent and V-cutter head volume;
in the step 1, the granularity of Fe powder, Cu powder, Ni powder, Sn powder, La powder and Cr powder is 100-200 meshes;
in the step 1, the diamond particles are 45-55 meshes.
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| US6063333A (en) * | 1996-10-15 | 2000-05-16 | Penn State Research Foundation | Method and apparatus for fabrication of cobalt alloy composite inserts |
| CN104128605B (en) * | 2014-07-24 | 2016-06-08 | 华侨大学 | Rare earth modified tungstenio binder diamond saw blade and manufacture method thereof |
| CN104874863B (en) * | 2015-06-19 | 2017-04-19 | 江苏锋泰工具有限公司 | Manufacture method for dry and wet dual-purpose diamond saw blade |
| CN104875287B (en) * | 2015-06-19 | 2017-05-24 | 江苏锋泰工具有限公司 | Dry and wet dual-purpose laser welding diamond saw blade |
| CN106756422B (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2018-03-06 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of preparation method of diamond saw blade |
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