CN107941621A - Rock true triaxial hydraulic fracturing strain characteristic testing device - Google Patents

Rock true triaxial hydraulic fracturing strain characteristic testing device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107941621A
CN107941621A CN201711138816.0A CN201711138816A CN107941621A CN 107941621 A CN107941621 A CN 107941621A CN 201711138816 A CN201711138816 A CN 201711138816A CN 107941621 A CN107941621 A CN 107941621A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
hydraulic fracturing
loading
control system
true triaxial
axis
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Application number
CN201711138816.0A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
尹丛彬
龚蔚
朱炬辉
龚顺祥
刘静
左建东
陈健
袁灿明
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China National Petroleum Corp
CNPC Chuanqing Drilling Engineering Co Ltd
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China National Petroleum Corp
CNPC Chuanqing Drilling Engineering Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201711138816.0A priority Critical patent/CN107941621A/en
Publication of CN107941621A publication Critical patent/CN107941621A/en
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/08Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
    • G01N3/10Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
    • G01N3/12Pressure testing

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a rock true triaxial hydraulic fracturing strain characteristic testing device which comprises a loading frame, an axial lifting mechanism, an axial load sensor, a hydraulic fracturing plug, a strain gauge, a static strain gauge, a true triaxial clamp holder, an X-direction stress control system, a Y-direction stress control system and a hydraulic fracturing control system, wherein the axial lifting mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the loading frame, and the axial load sensor is arranged at the upper part of the loading frame; the X-direction stress control system and the Y-direction stress control system are respectively connected to the left side and the right side of the holder cylinder through stress joints; the strain gauge is vertically installed in the cavity and is in contact with the rock core to be measured, and the static strain gauge is respectively in circuit connection with the strain gauge and the axial load sensor. The invention realizes the loading by using true triaxial stress, develops an indoor hydraulic fracturing experiment and tests the stress-strain characteristic of rocks in the experimental process; the whole structure is beautiful and compact, the functions are complete, and the operation is convenient.

Description

A kind of rock true triaxial hydraulic fracturing emergent property test device
Technical field
The present invention relates to petroleum geology technical field, specifically relates to a kind of rock true triaxial hydraulic fracturing emergent property Test device.
Background technology
Since natural rock is generally acted in underground environment by three-dimensional stress, thus laboratory research three-dimensional stress state Stress-strain characteristics in lower rock hydraulic fracturing process can more reflect the actual conditions of natural rock mass.
Limited by true triaxial stress loading, existing equipment is generally limited only to hydrofrac fluid body pressure, flow monitoring, right The events such as the crack in fracture simulation test produces, extension are positioned and recorded;
Such as Publication No. 105352811A, publication date is that the Chinese patent literature of on 2 24th, 2016 discloses a kind of miniature water Force and split three axis evaluation test pressue devices and its method, including housing, housing two sides and connect X respectively below by through hole Axis, Y-axis, Z-direction loading and unloading body, respectively connection one is inserted greatly for X-direction loading and unloading body, Y direction loading and unloading body front end Plate, Z-direction loading and unloading body front end connect square plate, one group of small plate are respectively connected by groove inside the other two sides of housing, Rock core is put into housing by the square cover board of screw connection, X, Y, Z-direction is added successively by hydraulic pump by housing tip Pressure, connects pipeline, has detected whether liquid exudation, and constant flow pump is set as to required constant flow rate, carries out fracture simulation survey Examination, crack produce, and can produce sound event, and acoustic emission monitoring system can position these events, and most result is converged at last Always, the process of crack extension and final aspect graph can be obtained, for DAMAGE OF TIGHT SAND GAS RESERVOIRS reservoir drilling and coring delivery, utilizes the dress Put and the more authentic and valid simulation reservoir of method in crack crack initiation and extension.
But under hydraulic fracturing and triaxial stress collective effect, rock core stress-strain characteristics is with pressure, the change of flow Change or crack produces, the change of expansion process record in real time and the research of quantitative description is also more rarely seen.
The content of the invention
It is contemplated that the defects of for present in the above-mentioned prior art and deficiency, there is provided a kind of rock true triaxial waterpower pressure Emergent property test device is split, is realized using true triaxial stress loading, carries out indoor hydraulic fracturing experiments and test experiments mistake The purpose of Complete Stress-Strain Relationship of Rock characteristic in journey.
The present invention is realized by using following technical proposals:
A kind of rock true triaxial hydraulic fracturing emergent property test device, including loading frame, axial elevating mechanism, axial load Sensor, hydraulic fracturing plug, foil gauge, statical strain indicator, true triaxial clamper, X-direction Stress Control system, Y-direction should Force control system, hydraulic fracturing control system, the axial direction elevating mechanism are installed on loading frame bottom, and the axial load passes Sensor is installed on the top of loading frame, and positioned at the surface of axial elevating mechanism;
The true triaxial clamper include clamper cylinder, two to loading liquid capsule, upper end cover, bottom end cover, the clamper cylinder With axially through cavity, liquid capsule chamber and the pipeline connecting hole radially set, its liquid capsule chamber is located at the arranged on left and right sides of cavity, The pipeline connecting hole is communicated with liquid capsule chamber, and stress joint is equipped with the pipeline connecting hole, and described two install to loading liquid capsule In liquid capsule intracavitary, place core to be measured in the cavity, the upper/lower terminal of the clamper cylinder respectively with upper end cover, lower end Lid connection;
The X-direction Stress Control system, Y-direction Stress Control system are connected to clamper cylinder by stress joint respectively Arranged on left and right sides;
The clamper cylinder is installed on axial elevating mechanism, and the hydraulic fracturing plug upper end connects with axial load sensor Connect, lower end directly bears against core upper end to be measured through upper end cover, cavity, and the hydraulic fracturing plug is hollow structure, sets in it There is hydraulic fracturing connector, the hydraulic fracturing control system is connected with hydraulic fracturing connector;
The foil gauge is vertically installed in cavity and is in contact with core to be measured, the statical strain indicator respectively with foil gauge, axis Connected to load transducer circuit.
It is further that gum cover is equipped with the cavity of the clamper cylinder, the gum cover wraps core to be measured and should Become piece.
It is further that the hydraulic fracturing control system includes pressure break pipeline, constant flow pump, fluid container, the constant current Pump one end is connected by pressure break pipeline with hydraulic fracturing connector, and the other end is connected with fluid container.
It is further that the axial direction elevating mechanism includes loading piston cylinder, loading lifting platform, loading pipeline, Z axis servo Pump, fuel tank, the loading lifting platform are connected to loading piston cylinder upper end, and the loading piston cylinder is installed on loading frame bottom, The loading piston cylinder is connected with loading pipeline, and the loading pipeline is connected by Z axis servopump with fuel tank.
It is further that the X-direction Stress Control system includes X-tube road, X-axis servopump, the Y-direction Stress Control System includes Y pipelines, Y-axis servopump, and the X-tube road, Y pipelines one end are connected to clamper cylinder by stress joint respectively Arranged on left and right sides, the X-tube road are connected by X-axis servopump with fuel tank, and the Y pipelines are connected by Y-axis servopump with fuel tank.
Further that computer is equipped with by the loading frame, the computer respectively with statical strain indicator, constant current Pump, the connection of X-axis servopump, Y-axis servopump, Z axis servopump.
Compared with prior art, what the present invention was reached has the beneficial effect that:
1st, the present invention is realized using true triaxial stress loading, carries out rock during indoor hydraulic fracturing experiments and test experiments Stress-strain characteristics;Overall structure beauty is compact, multiple functional, easy to operate.
2nd, the device is being realized under the true triaxial loading environment of rock three-dimensional stress, passing through flexibility stress strain testing system Complete Stress-Strain Relationship of Rock characteristic test signal is led to data collecting system by system, it is possible to achieve stress in rock hydraulic fracturing process The quantitative description of emergent property.
Brief description of the drawings
Below in conjunction with specification drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further detail, wherein:Fig. 1 It is the structure diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structure diagram of true triaxial clamper in embodiment;
Fig. 3 is the structure diagram of foil gauge in embodiment.
Shown in figure:1- loading frames, 2- axial loads sensor, 3- hydraulic fracturings plug, 4- clampers cylinder, 5- two To loading liquid capsule, 6- upper end covers, 7- bottom end covers, 8- cores to be measured, 9- stress joints, 10- hydraulic fracturings connector, 11- foil gauges, 12- statical strain indicators, 13- gum covers, 14- pressure breaks pipeline, 15- constant flow pumps, 16- loadings piston cylinder, 17- loadings lifting platform, 18- add Carry pipeline, 19-Z axis servopump, 20- fuel tanks, 21-X pipelines, 22-X axis servopump, 23-Y pipelines, 24-Y axis servopump, 25- meters Calculation machine.
Embodiment
Make a step to technical scheme by way of example and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings to illustrate.
As shown in Figs. 1-3, a kind of rock true triaxial hydraulic fracturing emergent property test device of the invention, including loading frame Frame 1, axial elevating mechanism, axial load sensor 2, hydraulic fracturing plug 3, foil gauge 11, statical strain indicator 12, true triaxial folder Holder, X-direction Stress Control system, Y-direction Stress Control system, hydraulic fracturing control system, the axial direction elevating mechanism peace Mounted in 1 bottom of loading frame, the axial load sensor 2 is installed on the top of loading frame 1, and positioned at axial elevating mechanism Surface;
As shown in Fig. 2, the true triaxial clamper include clamper cylinder 4, two to loading liquid capsule 5, upper end cover 6, bottom end cover 7, The clamper cylinder 4 have axially through cavity, liquid capsule chamber and radially set pipeline connecting hole, its liquid capsule chamber positioned at sky The arranged on left and right sides of chamber, the pipeline connecting hole are communicated with liquid capsule chamber, are equipped with stress joint 9 in the pipeline connecting hole, stress connects First 9 are used to pressure source introducing two into loading liquid capsule 5, and described two are installed on liquid capsule intracavitary, the cavity to loading liquid capsule 5 Interior to place core 8 to be measured, two directly contact to loading liquid capsule 5 with core 8 to be measured, can extrude core 8 to be measured, the clamper cylinder The upper/lower terminal of body 4 is connected with upper end cover 6, bottom end cover 7 respectively, and end cap 6, bottom end cover 7 are used for limiting two to loading liquid capsule thereon 5 up and down displacement;
The X-direction Stress Control system, Y-direction Stress Control system are connected to clamper cylinder 4 by stress joint 9 respectively Arranged on left and right sides, pressure source is introduced two group two by such X-direction Stress Control system, Y-direction Stress Control system respectively respectively Into loading liquid capsule 5, the loading of X, Y-direction stress are realized;
The clamper cylinder 4 is installed on axial elevating mechanism, next pair of the lifting of axial elevating mechanism control clamper cylinder 4 Core 8 to be measured applies axial compressive force, and 3 upper end of hydraulic fracturing plug is connected with axial load sensor 2, and lower end passes through upper end Lid 6, cavity directly bear against 8 upper end of core to be measured, and the hydraulic fracturing plug 3 is hollow structure, are connect equipped with hydraulic fracturing in it First 10, the hydraulic fracturing control system is connected with hydraulic fracturing connector 10;
The foil gauge 11 is vertically installed in cavity and is in contact with core 8 to be measured, the statical strain indicator 12 respectively with strain Piece 11, the connection of 2 circuit of axial load sensor, as shown in figure 3, its foil gauge 11 is equipped with flexible printing lead, which adopts With high temperature resistant molecule flake base material, lead is produced on foil gauge 11 by way of plate making, it is to be measured for gathering The strain data of core 8.
The lifting of axial elevating mechanism control clamper cylinder 4 to apply Z-direction pressure to core 8 to be measured in the present invention Pressure source is introduced two group two to loading liquid capsule 5 by power, X-direction Stress Control system, Y-direction Stress Control system respectively respectively It is interior so that two expand to loading liquid capsule 5, are that core 8 to be measured loads X, the stress of Y-direction, and hydraulic fracturing control system is straight The upper end that fluid is loaded into core 8 to be measured by hydraulic fracturing connector 10 was connected, while statical strain indicator 12 can detect always The core 8 to be measured data that hydraulic fracturing strains under true triaxial loading environment;So the present invention is being realized to 8 three-dimensional of core to be measured Under the true triaxial loading environment of stress, 8 stress-strain characteristics test signal of core to be measured is led to by statical strain indicator 12 Data collecting system;It can realize the quantitative description of stress-strain characteristics in rock hydraulic fracturing process.
For deformation of extending, preferred embodiment is to be equipped with gum cover 13 in the cavity of the clamper cylinder 4, described Gum cover 13 wraps core 8 and foil gauge 11 to be measured, i.e., gum cover 13 is located at core 8 and two to be measured between loading liquid capsule 5, can be with Prevent the flexible printing wire breaking on foil gauge 11, it is ensured that strain signal can be transferred in the entire experiment process quiet State deformeter 12.
A kind of embodiment of wherein hydraulic fracturing control system is that the hydraulic fracturing control system includes pressure break Pipeline 14, constant flow pump 15, fluid container, described 15 one end of constant flow pump are connected by pressure break pipeline 14 with hydraulic fracturing connector 10, The other end is connected with fluid container.I.e. the fluid in fluid container is pumped into hydraulic fracturing connector 10 by constant flow pump 15, then is pumped Enter the upper end of core 8 to be measured, the fluid and power of hydraulic fracturing are provided for core 8 to be measured.
The embodiment of its axial elevating mechanism is that the axial direction elevating mechanism includes loading piston cylinder 16, loading Lifting platform 17, loading pipeline 18, Z axis servopump 19, fuel tank 20, the loading lifting platform 17 are connected on loading piston cylinder 16 End, the loading piston cylinder 16 are installed on 1 bottom of loading frame, and the loading piston cylinder 16 is connected with loading pipeline 18, described Loading pipeline 18 is connected by Z axis servopump 19 with fuel tank 20.So Z axis servopump 1 is pumped into hydraulic pressure into loading piston cylinder 16 Oil, drives loading lifting platform 17 to lift, that is, drives clamper cylinder 4 to lift, the Z-direction of triaxial stress is provided for core 8 to be measured Stress loading.
Preferred embodiment is that the X-direction Stress Control system includes X-tube road 21, X-axis servopump 22, the Y side Include Y pipelines 23, Y-axis servopump 24 to Stress Control system, the X-tube road 21,23 one end of Y pipelines pass through stress joint respectively 9 are connected to the arranged on left and right sides of clamper cylinder 4, and the X-tube road 21 is connected by X-axis servopump 22 with fuel tank 20, the Y pipes Road 23 is connected by Y-axis servopump 24 with fuel tank 20.The above embodiment is specifically two groups of the left and right sides of core 8 directly to be measured Two are pumped into hydraulic oil into loading liquid capsule 5 so that two group two extrudes core 8 to be measured by expanding to loading liquid capsule 5, is to be measured Core 8 provides X, the stress loading of Y-direction of triaxial stress
In order to realize the full-automation of experiment, preferred embodiment is that the side of loading frame 1 is equipped with computer 25, described Computer 25 is connected with statical strain indicator 12, constant flow pump 15, X-axis servopump 22, Y-axis servopump 24, Z axis servopump 19 respectively. Computer 25 can arbitrarily control the opening and closing of each pump, complete automation mechanized operation, and it is soft to be provided with data acquisition in its computer 25 Part, for detecting and gathering the pressure in experimentation, flow, load, stress-strain data.
The above, not makees the present invention limitation in any form, although the present invention is disclosed such as by embodiment On, but the present invention is not limited to, any person skilled in the art, is not departing from technical solution of the present invention scope It is interior, when the technology contents using the disclosure above make a little change or are modified to the equivalent embodiments of equivalent variations, as long as being Without departing from the content of technical solution of the present invention, what the technical spirit according to the present invention made above example any simply repaiies Change, equivalent variations and modification, in the range of still falling within technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of rock true triaxial hydraulic fracturing emergent property test device, it is characterised in that including loading frame(1), it is axial Elevating mechanism, axial load sensor(2), hydraulic fracturing plug(3), foil gauge(11), statical strain indicator(12), true triaxial folder Holder, X-direction Stress Control system, Y-direction Stress Control system, hydraulic fracturing control system, the axial direction elevating mechanism peace Mounted in loading frame(1)Bottom, the axial load sensor(2)Installed in loading frame(1)Top, and risen positioned at axial The surface of descending mechanism;
The true triaxial clamper includes clamper cylinder(4), two to loading liquid capsule(5), upper end cover(6), bottom end cover(7), institute State clamper cylinder(4)With axially through cavity, liquid capsule chamber and radially set pipeline connecting hole, its liquid capsule chamber positioned at sky The arranged on left and right sides of chamber, the pipeline connecting hole are communicated with liquid capsule chamber, and stress joint is equipped with the pipeline connecting hole(9), it is described Two to loading liquid capsule(5)Installed in liquid capsule intracavitary, core to be measured is placed in the cavity(8), the clamper cylinder(4)'s Upper/lower terminal respectively with upper end cover(6), bottom end cover(7)Connection;
The X-direction Stress Control system, Y-direction Stress Control system pass through stress joint respectively(9)It is connected to clamper cylinder Body(4)Arranged on left and right sides;
The clamper cylinder(4)On axial elevating mechanism, the hydraulic fracturing plug(3)Upper end is passed with axial load Sensor(2)Connection, lower end passes through upper end cover(6), cavity directly bear against core to be measured(8)Upper end, the hydraulic fracturing plug(3) Hydraulic fracturing connector is equipped with for hollow structure, in it(10), the hydraulic fracturing control system and hydraulic fracturing connector(10)Even Connect;
The foil gauge(11)It is vertically installed in cavity and core to be measured(8)It is in contact, the statical strain indicator(12)Respectively With foil gauge(11), axial load sensor(2)Circuit connects.
A kind of 2. rock true triaxial hydraulic fracturing emergent property test device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute State clamper cylinder(4)Cavity in be equipped with gum cover(13), the gum cover(13)Wrap core to be measured(8)And foil gauge (11).
A kind of 3. rock true triaxial hydraulic fracturing emergent property test device according to claim 2, it is characterised in that institute Stating hydraulic fracturing control system includes pressure break pipeline(14), constant flow pump(15), fluid container, the constant flow pump(15)One end passes through Pressure break pipeline(14)With hydraulic fracturing connector(10)Connection, the other end are connected with fluid container.
A kind of 4. rock true triaxial hydraulic fracturing emergent property test device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute Stating axial elevating mechanism includes loading piston cylinder(16), loading lifting platform(17), loading pipeline(18), Z axis servopump(19), oil Case(20), the loading lifting platform(17)It is connected to loading piston cylinder(16)Upper end, the loading piston cylinder(16)Installed in adding Carry frame(1)Bottom, the loading piston cylinder(16)With loading pipeline(18)Connection, the loading pipeline(18)Watched by Z axis Clothes pump(19)With fuel tank(20)Connection.
A kind of 5. rock true triaxial hydraulic fracturing emergent property test device according to claim 4, it is characterised in that institute Stating X-direction Stress Control system includes X-tube road(21), X-axis servopump(22), the Y-direction Stress Control system includes Y pipelines (23), Y-axis servopump(24), the X-tube road(21), Y pipelines(23)One end passes through stress joint respectively(9)It is connected to clamper Cylinder(4)Arranged on left and right sides, the X-tube road(21)Pass through X-axis servopump(22)With fuel tank(20)Connection, the Y pipelines(23) Pass through Y-axis servopump(24)With fuel tank(20)Connection.
A kind of 6. rock true triaxial hydraulic fracturing emergent property test device according to claim 5, it is characterised in that institute State loading frame(1)Side is equipped with computer(25), the computer(25)Respectively with statical strain indicator(12), constant flow pump(15)、X Axis servopump(22), Y-axis servopump(24), Z axis servopump(19)Connection.
CN201711138816.0A 2017-11-16 2017-11-16 Rock true triaxial hydraulic fracturing strain characteristic testing device Pending CN107941621A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108709815A (en) * 2018-05-23 2018-10-26 中国石油大学(华东) Measure the experimental provision and method of Fracture Toughness of Rocks under low temperature
CN109374415A (en) * 2018-09-19 2019-02-22 中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司 Multi-crack three-dimensional space induced stress testing method
CN110208105A (en) * 2019-06-27 2019-09-06 西安科技大学 The multiphase coupled fracturing experiments device of more of three axis coal petrography of one kind and experimental method

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102621007A (en) * 2012-03-30 2012-08-01 中国矿业大学(北京) Rock-soil rheological test method
CN104655495A (en) * 2015-02-13 2015-05-27 太原理工大学 High temperature and high pressure coal and rock true triaxial fracturing and seepage test device and test method
CN105158078A (en) * 2015-09-25 2015-12-16 中国石油天然气集团公司 Triaxial core loading testing device
CN105352811A (en) * 2015-12-03 2016-02-24 西安石油大学 Pressurizing device and method for small-sized hydrofracture three-axis assessment and test
CN105547849A (en) * 2016-03-01 2016-05-04 安徽理工大学 True triaxial loading and unloading test device for large-size bedded pressure-bearing rock and testing method

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102621007A (en) * 2012-03-30 2012-08-01 中国矿业大学(北京) Rock-soil rheological test method
CN104655495A (en) * 2015-02-13 2015-05-27 太原理工大学 High temperature and high pressure coal and rock true triaxial fracturing and seepage test device and test method
CN105158078A (en) * 2015-09-25 2015-12-16 中国石油天然气集团公司 Triaxial core loading testing device
CN105352811A (en) * 2015-12-03 2016-02-24 西安石油大学 Pressurizing device and method for small-sized hydrofracture three-axis assessment and test
CN105547849A (en) * 2016-03-01 2016-05-04 安徽理工大学 True triaxial loading and unloading test device for large-size bedded pressure-bearing rock and testing method

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108709815A (en) * 2018-05-23 2018-10-26 中国石油大学(华东) Measure the experimental provision and method of Fracture Toughness of Rocks under low temperature
CN109374415A (en) * 2018-09-19 2019-02-22 中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司 Multi-crack three-dimensional space induced stress testing method
CN110208105A (en) * 2019-06-27 2019-09-06 西安科技大学 The multiphase coupled fracturing experiments device of more of three axis coal petrography of one kind and experimental method

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Application publication date: 20180420