CN107937074B - 一种复合型天然气脱硫剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
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- 230000036632 reaction speed Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 7
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- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003158 alcohol group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- BNIILDVGGAEEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].OP([O-])([O-])=O BNIILDVGGAEEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydrogensulfate Chemical compound OS([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002085 irritant Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明属于石油添加剂领域,特别涉及一种复合型天然气脱硫剂及其制备方法,脱硫剂包括三异丙醇胺、二异丙醇胺、硼酸钠、聚氧丙烯硬脂酸酯、聚氧乙烯单硬脂酸酯和水。该脱硫剂不仅与硫化氢的反应速度高,而且脱硫时具有比较高的硫容量,脱硫效果好。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于石油添加剂领域,特别涉及一种复合型天然气脱硫剂及其制备方法。
背景技术
石油天然气是目前使用量最大的能源,从地下地层开采出来的天然气大多数都含有硫化氢(H2S)。硫化氢是一种有毒的刺激性气体,因为溶于水呈弱酸性,可以腐蚀设备和管道,天然气商品气中对硫含量都有严格的要求。因此,在生产和储运的过程中必须脱除天然气中的硫化氢,使其满足要求。
目前主要使用的脱硫工艺是湿法脱硫,吸收天然气中的硫化氢。但是现在的这种方法存在着前期一次投资大运行成本高的缺点。为了简化处理流程,降低生产费用,改善硫化氢吸收剂的性能是一个重要的方面。
发明内容
本发明采用两种醇胺和一种弱酸盐作为主要的硫化氢吸收剂,采用两种表面活性剂改善脱硫剂的性能,大大提高了脱硫的效率,
本发明的脱硫剂包括15~65重量份的三异丙醇胺、15~65重量份的二异丙醇胺、15~45重量份的硼酸钠、聚氧丙烯硬脂酸酯、聚氧乙烯单硬脂酸酯和水,
首先,三异丙醇胺、二异丙醇胺自身具有吸收硫化氢的功能,吸收硫化氢的反应式为:
加入弱酸盐硼酸钠的目的,不仅在于其水解后使体系呈现出碱性,促进对硫化氢的吸收;而且根据强酸制弱酸原理,由于硼酸比硫化氢溶于水生成的氢硫酸要弱,因此在脱硫过程中体系里面是存在硼酸的,硼酸与醇胺中的醇官能团发生反应生成酯,也就是醇与弱酸的酯化反应,而根据三异丙醇胺和硼酸的空间分子结构,酯化反应后生成酯具有网状结构,能够强化对硫化氢的吸附效果;因此本专利的脱硫剂不仅与硫化氢的反应速度高,而且脱硫时还具有比较高的硫容量,
本专利在选择表面活性剂时主要从以下几方面来考虑:
1、考虑温度的影响,因为脱硫的应用随着一年四季的变化温度不同,同时具体应用的时候,温度变化也是很大的;
2、脱硫剂在没有吸收硫化氢的时候是呈现碱性的,而硫化氢的水溶液是呈现酸性的,在吸收硫化氢的过程中,体系的pH值是在变化的;
3、本专利添加的弱酸盐(硼酸钠)盐离子对表面活性剂的作用具有很大的影响,因此还要考虑盐离子的影响,
可见,本专利是在综合考虑了以上因素的基础上,在众多的表面活性剂中选取了合适的种类与脱硫剂中其他组分进行配伍,同时实现了抗温、抗盐、抗酸碱的作用。
本发明还提供了一种上述脱硫剂的制备方法:
(1)配置脱硫剂初液
在5~35℃下,将部分水与三异丙醇胺、二异丙醇胺和硼酸钠混合充分;
(2)配置表面活性剂溶液
将聚氧丙烯硬脂酸酯和聚氧乙烯单硬脂酸酯加入到剩余水中,并搅拌充分;
(3)配置脱硫剂
将步骤(1)中得到的脱硫剂初液与步骤(2)中得到的配置表面活性剂溶液混合充分,得到脱硫剂。
附图说明
图1为本专利实施例2所制备的脱硫剂在不同温度下的脱硫效率,
从图中可以看出,该脱硫剂随着温度的升高,脱硫效果有上升的趋势,该脱硫剂更能适应高温脱硫,在低温20℃的时候脱硫效率可以达到98%,具有较好的脱硫效果。
具体实施方式
实施例1
(1)配置脱硫剂初液
在常温(25℃,下同)下,将900mL水与20g三异丙醇胺、40g二异丙醇胺和25g无水硼酸钠混合,并搅拌10分钟;
(2)配置表面活性剂溶液
将8mg聚氧丙烯硬脂酸酯(聚合度n=8)和8mg聚氧乙烯单硬脂酸酯(聚合度n=10)加入到10mL水中,并搅拌10分钟;
(3)配置脱硫剂
将步骤(1)中得到的脱硫剂初液与步骤(2)中得到的配置表面活性剂溶液混合并搅拌30分钟,得到脱硫剂。
实施例2
(1)配置脱硫剂初液
在常温下,将900mL水与30g三异丙醇胺、30g二异丙醇胺和35g无水硼酸钠混合,并搅拌10分钟;
(2)配置表面活性剂溶液
将8mg聚氧丙烯硬脂酸酯(聚合度n=8)和8mg聚氧乙烯单硬脂酸酯(聚合度n=10)加入到10mL水中,并搅拌10分钟;
(3)配置脱硫剂
将步骤(1)中得到的脱硫剂初液与步骤(2)中得到的配置表面活性剂溶液混合并搅拌30分钟,得到脱硫剂。
实施例3
(1)配置脱硫剂初液
在常温下,将900mL水与20g三异丙醇胺、40g二异丙醇胺和25g无水硼酸钠混合,并搅拌10分钟;
(2)配置表面活性剂溶液
将12mg聚氧丙烯硬脂酸酯(聚合度n=8)和6mg聚氧乙烯单硬脂酸酯(聚合度n=10)加入到10mL水中,并搅拌10分钟;
(3)配置脱硫剂
将步骤(1)中得到的脱硫剂初液与步骤(2)中得到的配置表面活性剂溶液混合并搅拌30分钟,得到脱硫剂。
以上三种脱硫剂在室温25℃时候的脱硫效率均能够达到98%以上。
对比实施例1
将实施例2中的“无水硼酸钠”替换为等摩尔的“碳酸钠”,其余组分和操作均不变。
将对比实施例1制备的脱硫剂进行与上述实施例2同样的脱硫实验,在室温25℃时候的脱硫效率仅为73.1%。
对比实施例2
将实施例3中的“无水硼酸钠”替换为等摩尔的“磷酸氢二钠”,其余组分和操作均不变。
将对比实施例2制备的脱硫剂进行与上述实施例3同样的脱硫实验,在室温25℃时候的脱硫效率仅为67.5%。
Claims (1)
1.一种复合型天然气脱硫剂的制备方法,其特征在于:所述的脱硫剂为15~65重量份的三异丙醇胺、15~65重量份的二异丙醇胺、15~45重量份的硼酸钠、聚合度n=8的聚氧丙烯硬脂酸酯、聚合度n=10的聚氧乙烯单硬脂酸酯和水;
复合型天然气脱硫剂的制备方法为:
(1)配置脱硫剂初液
在5~35℃下,将部分水与三异丙醇胺、二异丙醇胺和硼酸钠混合充分;
(2)配置表面活性剂溶液
将聚合度n=8的聚氧丙烯硬脂酸酯和聚合度n=10的聚氧乙烯单硬脂酸酯加入到剩余水中,并搅拌充分;
(3)配置脱硫剂
将步骤(1)中得到的脱硫剂初液与步骤(2)中得到的配置表面活性剂溶液混合充分,得到脱硫剂,其中三异丙醇胺和二异丙醇胺总量在脱硫剂中质量分数为6%。
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