CN107926189A - A kind of modification method of silty saline-alkali soil - Google Patents
A kind of modification method of silty saline-alkali soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN107926189A CN107926189A CN201711169119.1A CN201711169119A CN107926189A CN 107926189 A CN107926189 A CN 107926189A CN 201711169119 A CN201711169119 A CN 201711169119A CN 107926189 A CN107926189 A CN 107926189A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2101/00—Agricultural use
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- Soil Sciences (AREA)
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- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
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Abstract
The purpose of the present invention is to solve study the problem of less to silt salt-soda soil quality structural improvement in the prior art, there is provided a kind of modification method of silty saline-alkali soil.This method carries out quality transformation based on the sand grains in iron tailings sand to silty saline-alkali soil, and the compatibility of iron tailings sand and natural soils is improved by adding organic acid, decomposed sludge or decomposed biogas residue, avoid or reduce during the reclamation of salinep-alkali soil and differential settlement and lamination occur, the homogeneous soil texture of quality is formed, realizes lasting improvement and the stability of the soil texture of saline-alkali soil.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to reclamation of salinep-alkali soil technical field, more particularly to a kind of modification method of silty saline-alkali soil.
Background technology
Saline-alkali soil is a widely distributed in the world important soil type, is solonchak and alkaline earth and various salinization and alkali
Change the general name of soil.Wherein, solonchak refers to prevent containing great amount of soluble salt most plants to contain from the soil that grows, its salt
Amount typically up to more than 0.6%；Alkaline earth refers to the highly basic of percentage (ESP) more than 20% of transsexual sodium ion cation exchange capacity
Property soil.In agricultural production, the excessive phenomenon that will cause plant cell dehydration, and produce " physiological drought " of soil salt content,
And basicity it is excessive cause the soil body to disperse, water-stable aggregate quantity reduce, and to plant cell produce murder by poisoning, cause physiology
Infringement.
At present, the measure for administering salt-soda soil is broadly divided into engineering improvement, chemical modifying, biological modification etc..Engineering improves
Mainly using the engineering measure lowering of watertable such as engineering, water conservancy and the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching, pressure salt or every salt, to reach desalting effect, its
Main behave includes fresh water pressure salt, ditching row alkali, level land are ploughed deeply, fill plantation, hidden pipe salt discharge, encloses low bank between fields and builds up fields.It is associated
Patent have CN 102349371A Saline-Sodics paddy field quick desalination alkali plough method of soil preparation, CN 103621209A administer improvement salt
The method on alkali ground, CN 204810883U salt discharge alkali pipe, CN101347790A improvement salt-soda soil method, CN 105165167A are saline and alkaline
Ground desalination process, CN102550159A salt-soda soils suppression control salt method and salt-soda soil suppression control salt system, CN 202587801U salt-soda soils
With salt discharge alkali pipe, 104054425 A alkaline land improvings systems of CN and modification method, 105393666 A alkaline land improving sides of CN
A kind of method in rebuilding and improving salt-soda soil of method, 1759943 A of CN, 105165167 A method for desalting salinized soil of CN etc..
Chemical modifying mainly improves soil texture, raising soil water-reataining fertilizer-keeping ability and the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching by applying modifying agent, takes off
Salt effect.The Soil ventilation that related patents have 102936503 A of CN to contain iron tailings improves synergist and preparation method thereof, CN
103922846 A saline and alkali land improvement methods, a kind of salt-soda soil fertilizers of 102775250 A of CN, 106146198 A salt resistance alkali of CN have
A kind of anti-accumulation of salt in the surface soil alkaline agent prepared using iron tailings of machine fertilizer, 102517030 A alkaline land modifying agents of CN, CN 102936502A
And its application in salt-soda soil, a kind of methods for improveing salt-soda soil of 104871678 A of CN, 106220415 A of CN are a kind of to be used
Feature water-soluble fertilizer and its application in salt affected soil improvement, a kind of saline-alkali soil conditioners of CN1o1624523A, CN
102898237A Powdery saline-alkali soils the fertilizer of retaining water and releasing nutrients slowly, a kind of saline alkali soil conditioners of 106278522 A of CN etc..
Biological modification measure improves salt-soda soil so that salt-tolerant plant or halophytes are introduced a fine variety, cultivated on salt-soda soil.Biology
Ameliorative measure can reduce soil water evaporation, control earth's surface salification, increase root quantity, strengthen soil microbial activity, change
Kind soil physico-chemical property, effectively recovers salt-soda soil productivity.Related patents have the CN104531721 A Suaeda salsas salt and alkali resistance-associated
Cause and its application, 105165167 A method for desalting salinized soil of CN etc..
Above modification method can change the physicochemical property of soil to a certain extent or in one period, reach the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching and wash
The effect of alkali or anti-accumulation of salt in the surface soil alkali, but the change on the soil texture does not influence or influences very little.And in saline-alkali soil, quality group
Directly affect soil salinization degree.In saline-alkali soil texture grading, silt is a kind of important texture type, due to silty salt
Content is more than 80% for powder (particle size range is 0.002mm≤powder ＜ 0.05mm) in alkaline earth entire body structure, and quality structure is not
Rationally, accumulation of salt in the surface soil accumulation of salt in the surface soil phenomenon belongs to a kind of saline-alkali soil of more refractory reason than more serious.Therefore, it is necessary to silt salt-soda soil is changed
Good recipe method makes further research.
The content of the invention
Asked the purpose of the present invention is to solve less to the research of silt salt-soda soil quality structural improvement in the prior art
A kind of topic, there is provided modification method of silty saline-alkali soil.This method based on the sand grains in iron tailings sand to silty saline-alkali soil into
Row quality is transformed, and the compatibility of iron tailings sand and natural soils is improved by adding organic acid, decomposed sludge or decomposed biogas residue,
Avoid or reduce during the reclamation of salinep-alkali soil and differential settlement and lamination occur, form the homogeneous soil texture of quality,
Realize lasting improvement and the stability of the soil texture of saline-alkali soil.
The technical scheme is that a kind of modification method of silty saline-alkali soil, includes the following steps：
1) soil for treating improvement silty saline-alkali soil carries out the analysis of soil mechanical component, determines soil texture sand grains (particle diameter model
Enclose for 0.05mm≤sand grains ＜ 2mm), (particle size range is for powder (particle size range is 0.002mm≤powder ＜ 0.05mm) and clay
＜ 0.002mm) specific mass percentage, it is respectively x, y and z to set its mass percentage, and x+y+z=1, at the same time
The soil weight is measured, is set to A, unit：g/cm3；
2) the iron tailings sand that particle size range is 0.05mm≤iron tailings sand ＜ 2mm is added into silty saline-alkali soil to be improved,
Its additive amount is controlled to meet the following conditions, additive amount unit at the same time：t/hm2：
Iron tailings sand additive amount≤10000HA (1-2x) (1)
10000HA (1.25y-1)≤iron tailings sand additive amount≤10000HA (2y-1) (2)
Wherein, H is the depth of soil of silty saline-alkali soil to be improved, unit：m；
Iron tailings sand is uniformly mixed with silty saline-alkali soil to be improved, you can the soil plough horizon after improvement carries out conventional
Plant operation.
Further, above-mentioned modification method, the iron tailings sand are the iron tailings sand of improvement.
Further, above-mentioned modification method, the preparation method of the iron tailings sand of the improvement are：Take the iron tailings
Sand, stirs evenly with organic acid, adjusts the pH to 6.0~6.5 of iron tailings sand, obtains modified iron tailings sand.
Further, above-mentioned modification method, the organic acid include hydrolysis of polymaleic anhydride and polyacrylic acid；
The specification of the hydrolysis of polymaleic anhydride is molecular weight 400~800, solid content 48~50%, and 1% aqueous solution pH is
2~3；The specification of the polyacrylic acid is molecular weight 2000~5000, and solid content 30%, 1% pH value of water solution is 3.0.
Further, above-mentioned modification method, in the step 2), iron tailings sand is mixed with silty saline-alkali soil to be improved
After uniformly, decomposed biogas residue or decomposed sludge that quality is iron tailings chiltern amount 5~10% are added, is uniformly mixed, standing 20~
40 days, you can the soil plough horizon after improvement carries out conventional plantation operation.
Further, above-mentioned modification method, the decomposed biogas residue be by total carbon-nitrogen ratio be 25~35: 1 biogas residue with
Stalk mixture passes through the product of aerobic static composting fermentation, and the water content of product is 25~30%, pH is 8.5 ± 0.5；
The biogas residue is the residue that methane-generating pit is obtained using the rich nitrogen raw material such as cow dung, chicken manure as raw material after anaerobic fermentation；
The stalk includes maize straw, wheat or rice straw, particle diameter≤30mm.
Further, above-mentioned modification method, the decomposed sludge are the sludge and straw that total carbon-nitrogen ratio is 25~35: 1
Stalk passes through the product of compost fermentation, pH7.8~9 of product, water content 25~30%；
The sludge be sewage treatment plants dewatered sludge, water content 80% ± 5, pH 8.5 ± 0.5；
The stalk includes maize straw, wheat or rice straw, particle diameter≤30mm.
Further, above-mentioned modification method, the heavy metal component of the iron tailings sand meet Ministry of Agriculture's a great number of elements fertilizer
Toxic element limit standard.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention are：
1. present invention process is simple, easy to implement, pollution-free, raw material sources are extensive, cheap, and production cost is low.
2. pair texture type is obvious for the improved effect of silty saline-alkali soil.Particle diameter is in silty saline-alkali soil entire body structure
The silt content of 0.002~0.05mm, containing substantial amounts of hollow billet gap, causes salt accumulation, the present invention is with iron tail more than 80%
Ore in sand form as in the soil texture sand grains composition, silty saline-alkali soil is transformed into silty loam, break formed in silt structure it is big
Hollow billet gap is measured, increases noncapilarry porosity and the composition in big crack, hinders salt accumulation.But improved silty loam due to
Size distribution is different, as the time elapses, easily produces differential settlement and layering, therefore, the present invention adds organic acid, corruption
Ripe sludge or decomposed biogas residue suppress the differential settlement of sand grains and powder and layering and for composite to sand grains and powder, with structure
Silty loam is built, ensures the stability that quality is formed.
3. since iron tailings sand is iron ore mine production discarded object, improvement is realized using iron tailings sand and it is recycled,
Improvement cost is reduced again.
Embodiment
Below by way of specific embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Iron tailings sand in following embodiments, in Anshan mining company Tailings Dam, its chemical constituent, SiO2Content
76.1%, total iron content 11.3%, the harmful components such as heavy metal are extremely low, meet the toxic element limitation of Ministry of Agriculture's a great number of elements fertilizer
Standard, particle size range are 0.05mm ＜ iron tailings sand≤2mm.
Embodiment 1
Topsoil soils (0~20cm) are taken in silty saline-alkali soil region to be improved, air-dry post analysis mechanical composition (being shown in Table 1),
The soil weight is 1.32g/cm3。
1 silty saline-alkali soil mechanical composition of table
| Grain size grading | ＜ 0.002mm | 0.002≤~＜ 0.05mm | 0.05≤~＜ 2mm |
| Content (%) | 4.5 | 82.3 | 13.2 |
30m is chosen in region to be improved2Plot, after smooth, calculates, to topsoil (depth 20cm) according to formula (1), (2)
800kg iron tailings sand is added in soil, is stirred evenly, while control 1 (30m of plot is set2, it is not added with iron tailings) and comparatively
2 (30m of block2, 200kg iron tailings sand is added, the soil texture is still silty saline-alkali soil) and farming is carried out, long-term cropping is corn, tool
Body plants operation and the same crop field of management.
Improved results are shown in Table 2 and table 3.
Soil mechanical composition after table 2, improvement
Soil physico-chemical property and yield after table 3, plantation
Embodiment 2
Topsoil soils (0~20cm) are taken in silty saline-alkali soil region to be improved, air-dry post analysis mechanical composition with table 1, soil
Earth unit weight is 1.32g/cm3。
By the water that iron tailings sand and specification are molecular weight 400~800, solid content 48~50%, 1% aqueous solution pH are 2~3
Polymaleic anhydride mixing is solved, is stirred evenly, the pH to 6.0 of iron tailings sand is adjusted, obtains modified iron tailings sand.
30m is chosen in region to be improved2Plot, after smooth, calculate according to formula (1), (2), 800kg is added into soil
Modified iron tailings sand, then stirs evenly with topsoil soils (20cm depth), while sets control 1 (30m of plot2, undisturbed soil
Earth), control 2 (30m of plot2, add iron tailings sand and be not added with organic acid) and farming is carried out, long-term cropping is corn, other plantations
Operation and the same crop field of management.
Improved results are shown in Table 4 and table 5.
Soil mechanical composition after table 4, improvement
Soil physico-chemical property and yield after table 5, plantation
Embodiment 3
The water content 80% ± 5 of sewage treatment plants, the dewatered sludge of pH 8.5 ± 0.5 is taken to be mixed with corn stalk powder
Uniformly, and control total carbon-nitrogen ratio be 25~35: 1, it is the decomposed sludge that 25.7%, pH is 8.3 that moisture content is obtained after compost.
Silty saline-alkali soil region to be improved takes the mechanical composition of topsoil soils (0~20cm) to be with table 1, the soil weight
1.32g/cm3。
30m is chosen in region to be improved2Plot, after smooth, calculate according to formula (1), (2), is added into topsoil soils
800kg iron tailings sand, stirs evenly with topsoil soils, then adds the decomposed sludge of 60kg, is stirred with topsoil soils (depth 20cm)
Mix uniformly, stand one month, control 1 (30m of plot is set2, original-state soil), according to 2 (30m of plot2, add decomposed sludge but do not add
Add iron tailings sand), control 3 (30m of plot2, iron tailings sand is added, is not added with decomposed sludge) and farming is carried out, long-term cropping is jade
Rice, other plantation operations and the same crop field of management.
Improved results are shown in Table 6 and table 7.
Soil mechanical composition after table 6, improvement
Soil physico-chemical property and yield after table 7, plantation
Embodiment 4
The residue that methane-generating pit is obtained using cow dung as raw material after anaerobic fermentation is mixed with stalk using C/N as 25~35: 1,
Ferment by aerobic static composting, it is the decomposed biogas residue that 27.3%, pH is 8.5 to obtain water content.
Silty saline-alkali soil region to be improved takes the mechanical composition of topsoil soils (0~20cm) to be with table 1, the soil weight
1.32g/cm3.30m is chosen in region to be improved2Plot, after smooth, calculate according to formula (1), (2), is added into soil
Iron tailings sand of the 800kg after screening, stirs evenly with topsoil soils (depth 20cm), then adds the decomposed biogas residues of 60kg, with
Mixed soil stirs evenly, and stands one month, sets control 1 (30m of plot2, original-state soil), control 2 (30m of plot2, addition corruption
Ripe biogas residue but be not added with iron tailings sand), control 3 (30m of plot2, add iron tailings sand but be not added with decomposed biogas residue) and farming is carried out,
Long-term cropping is corn, other plantation operations and the same crop field of management.
Improved results are shown in Table 8 and table 9.
Soil mechanical composition after table 8, improvement
Soil physico-chemical property and yield after table 9, plantation
Claims (9)
1. a kind of modification method of silty saline-alkali soil, it is characterised in that include the following steps：
1) soil for treating improvement silty saline-alkali soil carries out the analysis of soil mechanical component, determines soil texture sand grains, powder and clay
Specific mass percentage, its mass percentage is set to x, y and z, and x+y+z=1, at the same measure soil appearance
Weight, is set to A, unit：g/cm3；
2) the iron tailings sand that particle size range is 0.05mm≤iron tailings sand ＜ 2mm, control are added into silty saline-alkali soil to be improved
Its additive amount meets the following conditions, additive amount unit at the same time：t/hm2：
Iron tailings sand additive amount≤10000HA (1-2x) (1)
10000HA (1.25y-1)≤iron tailings sand additive amount≤10000HA (2y-1) (2)
Wherein, H is the depth of soil of silty saline-alkali soil to be improved, unit：m；
Iron tailings sand is uniformly mixed with silty saline-alkali soil to be improved, you can carry out plantation operation in soil plough horizon.
2. the modification method of a kind of silty saline-alkali soil according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the iron tailings sand is to change
Good iron tailings sand.
A kind of 3. modification method of silty saline-alkali soil according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the iron tailings of the improvement
The preparation method of sand is：Iron tailings sand is taken, is stirred evenly with organic acid, the pH for making iron tailings sand is 6.0~6.5, that is, is changed
The iron tailings sand of property.
4. the modification method of a kind of silty saline-alkali soil according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the organic acid includes
Hydrolysis of polymaleic anhydride and polyacrylic acid；
The specification of the hydrolysis of polymaleic anhydride is molecular weight 400~800, solid content 48~50%, 1% aqueous solution pH for 2~
3；The specification of the polyacrylic acid is molecular weight 2000~5000, and solid content 30%, 1% pH value of water solution is 3.0.
5. the modification method of a kind of silty saline-alkali soil according to claim 1, it is characterised in that, will in the step 2)
Iron tailings sand after mixing, adds decomposed biogas residue or decomposed sludge with silty saline-alkali soil to be improved, and is uniformly mixed, and stands 20
~40 days, you can carry out plantation operation in soil plough horizon.
6. the modification method of a kind of silty saline-alkali soil according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the decomposed biogas residue is
Total carbon-nitrogen ratio is that 25~35: 1 biogas residue passes through the product of aerobic static composting fermentation with stalk, the water content of product for 25~
30%th, pH is 8~9.
7. the modification method of a kind of silty saline-alkali soil according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the decomposed sludge is
Total carbon-nitrogen ratio is that 25~35: 1 sludge passes through the product of compost fermentation with stalk, and the pH of product is 7.8~9, and water content 25 is
~30%.
8. the modification method of a kind of silty saline-alkali soil according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the decomposed biogas residue or corruption
The addition of ripe sludge is the 5~10% of the iron tailings chiltern amount.
A kind of 9. modification method of silty saline-alkali soil according to claim 1 or 3, it is characterised in that the iron tailings sand
Heavy metal component meet the toxic element limit standard of Ministry of Agriculture's a great number of elements fertilizer.
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102050654A (en) * | 2010-11-30 | 2011-05-11 | 北京安德斯本非金属材料科技有限公司 | Iron ore tailing mineral fertilizer |
| CN102936502A (en) * | 2012-10-26 | 2013-02-20 | 鞍钢集团矿业公司 | Saline-alkali reoccurrence preventing agent prepared from iron tailings, and application thereof in saline-alkali land |
| CN102936503A (en) * | 2012-11-16 | 2013-02-20 | 鞍钢集团矿业公司 | Soil ventilation improving synergist containing iron tailings and preparation method thereof |
| CN106190160A (en) * | 2016-08-02 | 2016-12-07 | 中国地质大学（北京） | A kind of method utilizing iron tailings and biogas residue to prepare soil conditioner |
| CN107182341A (en) * | 2017-07-21 | 2017-09-22 | 浙江德润市政园林有限公司 | A kind of beach saline land modification method |
-
2017
- 2017-11-22 CN CN201711169119.1A patent/CN107926189A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102050654A (en) * | 2010-11-30 | 2011-05-11 | 北京安德斯本非金属材料科技有限公司 | Iron ore tailing mineral fertilizer |
| CN102936502A (en) * | 2012-10-26 | 2013-02-20 | 鞍钢集团矿业公司 | Saline-alkali reoccurrence preventing agent prepared from iron tailings, and application thereof in saline-alkali land |
| CN102936503A (en) * | 2012-11-16 | 2013-02-20 | 鞍钢集团矿业公司 | Soil ventilation improving synergist containing iron tailings and preparation method thereof |
| CN106190160A (en) * | 2016-08-02 | 2016-12-07 | 中国地质大学（北京） | A kind of method utilizing iron tailings and biogas residue to prepare soil conditioner |
| CN107182341A (en) * | 2017-07-21 | 2017-09-22 | 浙江德润市政园林有限公司 | A kind of beach saline land modification method |
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Application publication date: 20180420 |