CN107916922B - Underground fish detection method and device based on flexible array type pressure sensor - Google Patents
Underground fish detection method and device based on flexible array type pressure sensor Download PDFInfo
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- CN107916922B CN107916922B CN201711428539.7A CN201711428539A CN107916922B CN 107916922 B CN107916922 B CN 107916922B CN 201711428539 A CN201711428539 A CN 201711428539A CN 107916922 B CN107916922 B CN 107916922B
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- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
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- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method and a device for detecting underground fish based on a flexible array type pressure sensor, and belongs to the technical field of oilfield workover operation. The lower part of the weighting block is connected with an underground vertical transmission mechanism through a connecting device, the underground horizontal transmission mechanism is fixedly connected with the inside of a shell of the underground vertical transmission mechanism, the lower part of the underground vertical transmission mechanism is connected with a flexible array type pressure sensing probe, and a logging cable is connected with the upper part of the weighting block and penetrates through the underground vertical transmission mechanism to be connected with the flexible array type pressure sensing probe. The underground cable has the advantages that the underground cable is novel in structure, and the underground cable is low in underground operation period, time and labor cost; the flexible array type pressure sensing probe and the fish roof are used for contact type detection, the piezoresistive cantilever beam sensing array is utilized and embedded into the polyimide insulating elastic film, so that the reliability is high, the structure is compact, and the operation is convenient.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of oilfield workover operation, and particularly relates to a method and a device for detecting underground fish, in particular to a method and a device for detecting underground fish based on a flexible array type pressure sensor.
Background
The oil-water well produced each year is shut down and lost seriously due to down-hole fish or casing dislocation caused by rock fracture. Therefore, the well repair operations such as salvaging and unclamping are needed to restore the production of the oil well, wherein the detection and identification of the shape and the position of the underground fish or the broken sleeve are the first key step, and the detection precision provides important guarantee for the success rate of the subsequent well repair operation.
The current method for detecting the underground fish mainly comprises the steps of traditional lead-mode printing, ultrasonic imaging detection and an underground video system. Traditional lead-mode printing methods: because the molding deformation occurs through the contact of lead mold pressurization and the fish roof, the pressurization printing can only print once and can not print repeatedly; the lead mould is conveyed through the connected drill string or tubing string, the lifting operation period is long, the efficiency is low, and the time and labor cost is increased. Downhole visualization method: because the medium in the well is complex and changeable, the mixture of crude oil, impurities, slurry and the like causes sound wave attenuation, and the detection of the lens on the fish is influenced, so that the cost is higher. Ultrasonic imaging detection: because the ultrasonic probe needs to continuously adjust the vertical distance between the probe and the fish roof and the rotation angle to transmit and receive signals point by point, the collected signals are ensured to cover the whole outline of the fish roof, so that the detection efficiency is lower, the equipment is complex, the precision requirement is high, the cost is high, and the imaging precision of the medium in a well and electromagnetic interference is not high.
In summary, the existing technical method and equipment applied to underground fish detection have limitations and disadvantages in detection accuracy, operation efficiency, operation difficulty and cost.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method and a device for detecting underground fish based on a flexible array type pressure sensor, which are used for solving the problems of low accuracy of fish identification, low detection operation efficiency and large operation engineering quantity existing at present.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is that the underground fish detection method based on the flexible array type pressure sensor comprises the following steps:
step one: lowering a flexible array type pressure sensing probe to the upper part of the fish through a logging cable;
step two: the driving stepping motor drives the disc cam transmission mechanism to control the driven rods uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction in the horizontal plane to radially move to the inner wall of the sleeve, so that the guiding and fixing of the detection device are completed;
step three: the linear motor is driven to drive the transmission rod, the axial movement of the flexible array type pressure sensing probe is controlled, the contact between the force transmission protection contact and the fish roof is completed, the internal and external static pressure self-balancing of the underground force transmission protection contact is realized by utilizing the oil guiding channel and the cavity structure, and the contact displacement information of the fish roof is obtained by the piezoresistive cantilever sensing array;
step four: the resistance change signals acquired by the piezoresistive film are conditioned and converted, and are transmitted to an upper computer through a cable, so that high-precision imaging and identification of the position and the outline of the fish are realized.
In the first step of the invention, when the flexible array type pressure sensing probe contacts the fish roof, the contact state can be judged by suddenly increasing pressure imaging data transmitted to the upper computer and the cable is put down and meets the resistance, the cable is stopped from being put down, and then the detection device is lifted up by 10-20 cm.
In the second step, radial strokes of the driven rods uniformly distributed circumferentially are controlled by the stepping motor, so that the shell is straightened and fixed on the inner wall of the sleeve; the end part of the driven rod is hemispherical high-temperature-resistant corrosion-resistant rubber, and the curvature of the hemisphere is consistent with that of the inner wall of the sleeve, so that the contact area between the end part of the driven rod and the inner wall of the sleeve is increased, and the friction between the end part and the inner wall of the sleeve is increased.
In the fourth step of the invention: the method comprises the steps that an uphole upper computer detects the underground fish to form images in real time through software, in order to obtain fish top imaging information with higher accuracy, a detection device can be lifted, the contact speed of a flexible array type pressure sensing probe and the fish top is adjusted, secondary contact imaging is carried out, the operation is repeated until errors of the position and the outline of the fish obtained continuously for three times are within an allowable range, and then the errors are compared with related technical data of the existing well repair operation, so that identification of the underground fish is completed.
Underground fish detection device based on flexible array type pressure sensor: the lower part of the weighting block is connected with an underground vertical transmission mechanism through a connecting device, the underground horizontal transmission mechanism is fixedly connected with the inside of a shell of the underground vertical transmission mechanism, the lower part of the underground vertical transmission mechanism is connected with a flexible array type pressure sensing probe, and a logging cable is connected with the upper part of the weighting block and penetrates through the underground vertical transmission mechanism to be connected with the flexible array type pressure sensing probe.
The structure of the underground vertical transmission mechanism is as follows: the linear motor is fixed in the shell, an output shaft of the linear motor is connected with the transmission rod through threads, and the end part of the transmission rod is welded with the flexible array type pressure sensing probe.
The structure of the underground horizontal transmission mechanism is as follows: the stepping motor is fixed on the shell through a first bolt, an output shaft of the stepping motor is connected with a gear shaft on the driving gear through a first key, the driving gear and the driven gear form a gear pair, the sleeve is used for axially positioning the driven gear, the driven gear is fixedly connected with the transmission shaft through a second key, the disc cam with a groove is fixed on the transmission shaft through a third key, the transmission shaft is supported in the shell through a bearing, and driven rods uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction are arranged in the grooves of the disc cam.
The structure of the flexible array pressure sensing probe is as follows: the base body is welded with the heat insulation cover, the circuit board is fixed at the top of the heat insulation cover, the lead is respectively connected with the circuit board and the polyimide film, the annular side wall of the base body is provided with an oil guiding hole, the port of the oil guiding hole is provided with a filter plug, the upper end of each force transmission protection contact is provided with an annular inclined plane and connected with the base body through a sealing rubber ring, the oil guiding hole is communicated with the upper surface of each force transmission protection contact, the oil liquid acting areas of the upper surface and the lower surface of the force transmission protection contact are equal, the heat insulation plate is bonded in a groove on the upper surface of the base body, the polyimide film is bonded above the heat insulation plate, the piezoresistive cantilever beam sensing array is embedded in the flexible polyimide film, the lower end of the elastic force transmission column is bonded with the upper end of the force transmission protection contact, and the upper end of the elastic force transmission column penetrates through the hole wall of the heat insulation plate, the top of the heat insulation plate is connected with the polyimide film in a propping mode.
The piezoresistive cantilever beam sensing array has the structure that: above the Si substrate is SiO 2 One end of the piezoresistive cantilever beam is connected with the insulating substrate, and the piezoresistive film is positioned above the cantilever beam.
The stress length of the piezoresistive cantilever beam is L 2 The diameter of the elastic force transmission column is d, when L 2 And approximately 0.3d, at which time the sensitivity is maximized.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
(1) Compared with the traditional mode that the lead mould is conveyed through a drill stem or a tubing string, the pressure sensing detection device has the advantages of being short in underground operation period, high in efficiency, time-saving, labor-saving and the like.
(2) The fish detection device feeds back the position and the shape of the underground fish in real time, the contact state of the detection device and the fish roof can be controlled by the upper computer, the accuracy of fish detection can be improved, and compared with a traditional lead die, the contact of the flexible array type pressure sensor and the fish roof is elastic deformation, and the flexible array type pressure sensor can realize repeated printing, namely repeated use.
(3) According to the invention, the flexible array type pressure sensing probe and the fish roof are used for contact type detection, the piezoresistive cantilever beam sensing array is utilized and embedded into the polyimide insulating elastic film, so that compared with underground non-contact type television and ultrasonic imaging, the environment medium and electromagnetic interference resistance is strong, the high signal-to-noise ratio is realized, the high-accuracy fish detection can be realized, the reliability is high, the efficiency is higher compared with the point-by-point detection of the ultrasonic probe, the structure is compact, the operation is simple, and the cost is low.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2a is a schematic diagram of the downhole horizontal drive mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 2b is a schematic view of the driven lever of the present invention in an initial state;
FIG. 2c is a schematic view of the guide fixing state of the driven lever of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of a flexible array pressure sensing probe of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of a piezoresistive cantilever sensor array according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structural stress of the piezoresistive cantilever sensor unit of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a graph of sensitivity versus cantilever beam force length ratio in accordance with the present invention;
in the figure: 1. flexible array type pressure sensing probe, 101, force transmission protective contact, 102, sealing rubber ring, 103, matrix, 104, filter plug, 105, oil guide port, 106, elastic force transmission column, 107, pressure isolating plate, 108, polyimide film, 109, circuit board, 110, piezoresistive cantilever sensing array, 1101, piezoresistive film, 1102, piezoresistive cantilever，1103、SiO 2 The insulating substrate, 1104, the Si substrate, 111, the wire, 112, the heat insulation cover, 2, the underground vertical transmission mechanism, 201, the transmission rod, 202, the linear motor 203, the shell, 204, the circuit, 3, the underground horizontal transmission mechanism, 301, the stepping motor, 302, the first bolt, 303, the first key, 304, the driving gear, 305, the sleeve, 306, the driven gear, 307, the second key, 308, the driven rod, 309, the disc cam, 310, the third key, 311, the transmission shaft, 312, the bearing, 4, the connecting device, 401, the second bolt, 402, the third bolt, 403, the sealing rubber, 5, the weighting block, 6, the logging cable, 7, the upper computer, 8, the underground fish, 9 and the sleeve.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2a to 2c, a method for detecting a well fish based on a flexible array pressure sensor comprises the following steps:
step one: lowering a flexible array type pressure sensing probe 1 to above a fish 8 through a logging cable 6;
step two: the stepping motor 301 is driven to drive the disc cam transmission mechanism, and the driven rods 308 circumferentially and uniformly distributed in the horizontal plane are controlled to radially move to the inner wall of the sleeve 9, so that the guiding and fixing of the detection device are completed;
step three: the linear motor 202 is driven to drive the transmission rod 201, the axial movement of the flexible array type pressure sensing probe 1 is controlled, the contact between the force transmission protection contact 101 and the fish-falling roof is completed, the internal and external static pressure self-balancing of the underground force transmission protection contact is realized by utilizing an oil guiding channel and a cavity structure, and the contact displacement information of the fish-falling roof is obtained by the piezoresistive cantilever sensing array 110;
step four: the resistance change signals acquired by the piezoresistive film 1101 are subjected to conditioning conversion and transmitted to the upper computer 7 through a cable, so that high-precision imaging and identification of the position and the outline of the fish are realized;
in the first step, when the flexible array pressure sensing probe 1 contacts the fish roof in the process of lowering the pressure sensing detection device, the contact state can be judged by suddenly increasing pressure imaging data transmitted to an upper computer and lowering the cable when the cable is blocked, the cable lowering operation is stopped, and then the detection device is lifted up by 10-20 cm;
in the second step, radial strokes of driven rods uniformly distributed circumferentially are controlled by a stepping motor, the shell is straightened, and the shell is fixed on the inner wall of the sleeve 9; the end part of the driven rod is hemispherical high-temperature-resistant corrosion-resistant rubber, and the curvature of the hemisphere is consistent with that of the inner wall of the sleeve, so that the contact area between the end part of the driven rod and the inner wall of the sleeve is increased, and the friction between the end part and the inner wall of the sleeve is increased;
in the fourth step: the method comprises the steps that an uphole upper computer 7 performs real-time imaging on underground fish detection through software, in order to obtain fish-roof imaging information with higher accuracy, a detection device can be lifted, the contact speed of a flexible array type pressure sensing probe and a fish roof is adjusted, secondary contact imaging is performed, the operation is repeated until errors of the position and the outline of the fish obtained continuously for three times are within an allowable range, and then the error is compared with related technical data of the existing well repair operation, so that the identification of the underground fish is completed;
the output signals of the piezoresistive cantilever beams are collected, the signals are filtered and amplified by a conditioning circuit, then an A/D conversion circuit module is carried out, then the signals are transmitted to the well through a logging cable 6 by a communication interface module, the signals are filtered and amplified, finally the signals are transmitted to an upper computer 7 through a communication interface, and the signals are filtered, calibrated and interpolated to fit and imaged in Labview software through an algorithm.
As shown in fig. 1, a down-hole fish detecting device based on a flexible array type pressure sensor is characterized in that the lower part of a weighting block 5 is connected with a down-hole vertical transmission mechanism 2 through a connecting device 4, a down-hole horizontal transmission mechanism 3 is fixedly connected with the inside of a shell 203 of the down-hole vertical transmission mechanism 2, and the lower part of the down-hole vertical transmission mechanism 2 is connected with a flexible array type pressure sensing probe 1; the logging cable 6 is connected with the upper part of the weighting block 5 and penetrates through the underground vertical transmission mechanism 2 to be connected with the flexible array type pressure sensing probe 1.
The structure of the underground vertical transmission mechanism 2 is as follows: the linear motor 202 is fixed in the shell 203, an output shaft of the linear motor 202 is connected with the transmission rod 201 through threads, and the end part of the transmission rod 201 is welded with the flexible array type pressure sensing probe 1 to realize axial movement of the sensing probe;
the connecting device 4 comprises a second bolt 401, a third bolt 402 and sealing rubber 403, the shell 203 is connected by the second bolt 401 and is sealed by the high-temperature-resistant corrosion-resistant sealing rubber 403, the weight 5 is fixed on the shell 203 through the third bolt 402, and the gravity center of the pressure sensing detecting device is positioned on the rotation center shaft of the inner wall of the sleeve 9 by designing the geometric shape of the weight 5, so that the detecting device can be smoothly lowered;
the structure of the underground horizontal transmission mechanism 3 is as follows: the stepping motor 301 is fixed on the shell 203 through a first bolt 302, an output shaft of the stepping motor 301 is connected with a gear shaft on the driving gear 304 through a first key 303, the driving gear 304 and the driven gear 306 form a gear pair, the sleeve 305 axially positions the driven gear, the driven gear 306 is fixedly connected with the transmission shaft 311 through a second key 307, the disc cam 309 with a groove is fixed on the transmission shaft 311 through a third key 310, the transmission shaft 311 is supported in the shell by a bearing 312, and driven rods 308 uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction are arranged in the grooves of the disc cam 309;
as shown in fig. 2a, in the underground horizontal transmission mechanism 3, a stepping motor 301 drives a disk cam 309 with a groove through a gear pair, so as to further drive driven rods 308 uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction to move radially, one end of each driven rod 308 is clamped in the groove of the disk cam 309, and the other end of each driven rod is wrapped with high-temperature-resistant and corrosion-resistant rubber; as shown in fig. 2b and 2c, the centering and fixing of the sensing device is completed when the follower rod 308 moves from the initial state to the guide fixing state (the center of rotation of the cam is farthest) by controlling the two position states of the follower rod 308 by the stepping motor 301.
As shown in fig. 3, the structure of the flexible array pressure sensing probe 1 is: the base body 103 is welded with the heat insulation cover 112, the circuit board 109 is fixed at the top of the heat insulation cover 112, the wires 111 are respectively connected with the circuit board 109 and the polyimide film 108, the annular side wall of the base body 103 is provided with the oil guide holes 105, the ports of the oil guide holes 105 are provided with the filter plugs 104 for filtering suspended impurities of oil in an oil well, the internal channel is prevented from being blocked, the upper end of each force transmission protection contact 101 is provided with an annular inclined plane, the upper end of each force transmission protection contact 101 is connected with the base body 103 through the sealing rubber ring 102, the force transmission protection contact 101 moves in the vertical direction of the cavity and does not fall off, the oil guide holes 105 are communicated with the upper surface of each force transmission protection contact 101, the oil action areas of the upper surface and the lower surface of the force transmission protection contact 101 are equal, the inner surface and the outer surface of the flexible array pressure sensing probe 1 always keep the self balance of static oil pressure in the descending process, the influence of the static oil pressure of underground oil on the measuring result of the sensor is avoided, the detection device stably works, and the detection data is reliable; the pressure-isolating plate 107 is adhered in a groove on the upper surface of the substrate 103, the polyimide film 108 is adhered above the pressure-isolating plate 107, the pressure-isolating plate 107 can prevent oil pressure from being transmitted to the piezoresistive cantilever beam sensing array 110 on one hand, and overload force acting on the force-transmitting protective contact 101 can be transmitted to the substrate through the pressure-isolating plate 107 on the other hand, so that the overload-preventing function of the sensor is realized, and the sensor works reliably; the piezoresistive cantilever sensor array 110 is embedded in the flexible polyimide film 108 to optimize the flexibility and mechanical properties of the sensor; the lower end of the elastic force transmission column 106 is adhered to the upper end of the force transmission protection contact 101, the upper end passes through the hole wall of the pressure-isolating plate 107, and the top is propped against the polyimide film 108, so that the force transmission between the underground fish roof and the piezoresistive cantilever beam sensing array 110 is realized, the elastic force transmission column 106 not only has a certain buffering function, but also can realize the flexibility of the sensor so as to adapt to the uneven surface of the fish roof,
the piezoresistive cantilever sensor array 110 has the following structure: above Si substrate 1104 is SiO 2 An insulating substrate 1103, and a piezoresistive cantilever beam 1102 connected at one end to the insulating substrate 1103, a piezoresistive film 1101 positioned above the cantilever beam 1102,
as shown in fig. 4, the piezoresistive cantilever sensor array 110 is formed by processing a micro-system processing technology MEMS on a high temperature resistant silicon-on-insulator (SOI) substrate, so that the sensor array has good mechanical and electrical characteristics, and the central axis of each piezoresistive cantilever 1102 forms an included angle of 45 degrees with the rotation central line of the oil suction port 105 so as to increase the spatial resolution of the sensor array, meanwhile, according to the prior art data of the underground fish, the spatial resolution of the piezoresistive cantilever sensor array is designed to be 5mm on the premise of ensuring that the small object fish has high detection accuracy as well;
the piezoresistive cantilever 1102 has a stressed (elastic force-transmitting column 106 acting) length L 2 Bullet with springThe diameter of the sexual force transfer column 106 is d, when L 2 And (3) about 0.3d, and the sensitivity performance of the sensing reaches the maximum.
As shown in fig. 5, after the force transmission protection contact 101 contacts the fish roof, firstly the elastic force transmission column 106 compresses and deforms, and secondly the elastic force transmission column 106 transmits force to the end of the piezoresistive cantilever structure, and the piezoresistive cantilever 1102 passes through SiO 2 The insulating substrate 1103 and the Si substrate 1104 are fixed on the pressure-isolating plate 107, and finally, the information of the shape and the position of the fish is obtained through the resistance change rate of the piezoresistive film 1101 on the piezoresistive cantilever, and a relation between the vertical displacement (caused by contact with the surface of the fish) of the force transmission protection contact 101 and the resistance change rate output by the piezoresistive film 1101 is established, wherein a specific calculation formula is as follows:
due to E 2 >>E 3 ,E 2 Young's modulus (200 Gpa), E of piezoresistive cantilever 1102 3 Young's modulus (3-4 Gpa) of polyimide film 108, and therefore can be considered as applying force F of elastic force transfer column 106 to the ends of piezoresistive cantilever 1102 in a uniform load q; wherein, h, deltaz 1 ,d,E 1 The height, the deformation, the diameter and the Young's modulus of the elastic force transmission column 106 are respectively; l (L) 2 The stressed length of the cantilever structure 1102;
the piezoresistive cantilever 1102 receives the equispaced load bending moment equation M (x) as:
equivalent bending moment M acting on piezoresistive film 1101 e ：
Surface stress σ of piezoresistive film 1101:
wherein L, w and t are the length, width and thickness of the cantilever structure 1102 respectively; l (L) 1 Is the length of piezoresistive film 1101, where l=l 1 +L 2 I is the moment of inertia of the cantilever structure 1102,
approximation equation by the deflection line of the beam structure:
when x is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to L-L 2 At this time, the piezoresistive cantilever 1102 angle equation θ 1 (x) Equation v of deflection 1 (x)：
When L-L 2 When x is more than or equal to L, the piezoresistive cantilever 1102 corner equation theta 1 (x) Equation v of deflection 1 (x)：
Wherein E is 2 Young's modulus of the piezoresistive cantilever 1102, x is distance from the fixed end of the cantilever;
by boundary conditions:
v 1 (0)＝0，θ 1 (0)＝0，v 1 (L-L 2 )＝v 2 (L-L 2 )，θ 1 (L-L 2 )＝θ 2 (L-L 2 )；
the obtainable constant C 1 ，D 1 ，C 2 ，D 2 ：
C 1 ＝0，D 1 ＝0；
Wherein Deltaz is 2 Is the deflection, k of the end of the piezoresistive cantilever 1102 l Is the equivalent stiffness of the right end of the piezoresistive cantilever 1102, because there is:
wherein Deltaz is the integral displacement of the sensor in the vertical direction caused by the shape of the fish roof;
the sensitivity s of the sensor can be obtained as:
wherein mu, epsilon and lambda are respectively the transverse poisson ratio, the longitudinal strain and the piezoresistance coefficient of the piezoresistance film; ΔR, R are the amount of resistance change, respectively, of piezoresistive film 1101 due to the shape of the fish-roof, the initial value of the resistance.
The sensor sensitivity can be maximized by optimizing parameters in the sensor sensitivity S expression; wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,
in this embodiment, the fixed parameter takes on the value:
E 1 ＝2GPa，E 2 ＝200GPa，d＝5mm，t＝0.8mm，L 1 ＝1mm，
w＝2mm，h＝12mm；
optimizing parameter L 2 The graph shown in FIG. 6 is obtained, with the abscissa being
The ordinate is the sensitivity S of the sensor, which shows a tendency to increase and decrease before one another, and +.>
When the sensitivity of the sensor is maximum, the load length of the piezoresistive cantilever 1102, which is loaded by the elastic force transmission column, is 0.3 times of the diameter of the elastic force transmission column. />
Claims (7)
1. Underground fish detection device based on flexible array formula pressure sensor, its characterized in that: the lower part of the weighting block is connected with an underground vertical transmission mechanism through a connecting device, the underground horizontal transmission mechanism is fixedly connected with the inside of a shell of the underground vertical transmission mechanism, and the lower part of the underground vertical transmission mechanism is connected with a flexible array type pressure sensing probe; the logging cable is connected with the upper part of the weighting block and penetrates through the underground vertical transmission mechanism to be connected with the flexible array type pressure sensing probe;
the structure of the underground vertical transmission mechanism is as follows: the linear motor is fixed in the shell, an output shaft of the linear motor is connected with the transmission rod through threads, and the end part of the transmission rod is welded with the flexible array type pressure sensing probe;
the structure of the underground horizontal transmission mechanism is as follows: the stepping motor is fixed on the shell through a first bolt, an output shaft of the stepping motor is connected with a gear shaft on the driving gear through a first key, the driving gear and the driven gear form a gear pair, the sleeve is used for axially positioning the driven gear, the driven gear is fixedly connected with the transmission shaft through a second key, a disc cam with a groove is fixed on the transmission shaft through a third key, the transmission shaft is supported in the shell through a bearing, and driven rods uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction are arranged in the grooves of the disc cam;
the structure of the flexible array type pressure sensing probe is as follows: the base body is welded with the heat insulation cover, the circuit board is fixed at the top of the heat insulation cover, the lead is respectively connected with the circuit board and the polyimide film, the annular side wall of the base body is provided with an oil guiding hole, the port of the oil guiding hole is provided with a filter plug, the upper end of each force transmission protection contact is provided with an annular inclined plane and connected with the base body through a sealing rubber ring, the oil guiding hole is communicated with the upper surface of each force transmission protection contact, the oil liquid acting areas of the upper surface and the lower surface of the force transmission protection contact are equal, the heat insulation plate is bonded in a groove on the upper surface of the base body, the polyimide film is bonded above the heat insulation plate, the piezoresistive cantilever beam sensing array is embedded in the flexible polyimide film, the lower end of the elastic force transmission column is bonded with the upper end of the force transmission protection contact, and the upper end of the elastic force transmission column penetrates through the hole wall of the heat insulation plate, the top of the heat insulation plate is connected with the polyimide film in a propping mode.
2. A device for detecting a fish in a well based on a flexible array pressure sensor as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the piezoresistive cantilever beam sensing array has the structure that: above the Si substrate is SiO 2 One end of the piezoresistive cantilever beam is connected with the insulating substrate, and the piezoresistive film is positioned above the cantilever beam.
3. The device of claim 2, wherein the piezoresistive cantilever has a stress length ofL 2 The diameter of the elastic force transmission column isd，When (when)L 2 ≈0.3dAt this point the sensitivity is maximized.
4. A method for detecting a well fish by using the flexible array type pressure sensor according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising the steps of:
step one: lowering a flexible array type pressure sensing probe to the upper part of the fish through a logging cable;
step two: the driving stepping motor drives the disc cam transmission mechanism to control the driven rods uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction in the horizontal plane to radially move to the inner wall of the sleeve, so that the guiding and fixing of the detection device are completed;
step three: the linear motor is driven to drive the transmission rod, the axial movement of the flexible array type pressure sensing probe is controlled, the contact between the force transmission protection contact and the fish roof is completed, the oil guiding holes are communicated with the upper surface of each force transmission protection contact, the oil acting areas of the upper surface and the lower surface of the force transmission protection contact are equal, the self-balancing of static oil pressure inside and outside the flexible array type pressure sensing probe is always maintained in the lowering process, and the contact displacement information of the fish roof is obtained through the piezoresistive cantilever sensing array;
step four: the resistance change signals acquired by the piezoresistive film are conditioned and converted, and are transmitted to an upper computer through a cable, so that high-precision imaging and identification of the position and the outline of the fish are realized.
5. The method of probing as recited in claim 4 wherein: in the first step, when the flexible array type pressure sensing probe contacts the fish roof in the process of lowering the pressure sensing detection device, the contact state can be judged by suddenly increasing pressure imaging data transmitted to the upper computer and lowering the cable when the cable is blocked, the cable lowering operation is stopped, and then the detection device is lifted up by 10-20 cm.
6. The method of probing as recited in claim 4 wherein: in the second step, radial strokes of driven rods uniformly distributed circumferentially are controlled by a stepping motor, and the shell is straightened and fixed on the inner wall of the sleeve; the end part of the driven rod is hemispherical high-temperature-resistant corrosion-resistant rubber, and the curvature of the hemisphere is consistent with that of the inner wall of the sleeve, so that the contact area between the end part of the driven rod and the inner wall of the sleeve is increased, and the friction between the end part and the inner wall of the sleeve is increased.
7. The method according to claim 4, wherein in the fourth step: the method comprises the steps that an uphole upper computer detects the underground fish to form images in real time through software, in order to obtain fish top imaging information with higher accuracy, a detection device can be lifted, the contact speed of a flexible array type pressure sensing probe and the fish top is adjusted, secondary contact imaging is carried out, the operation is repeated until errors of the position and the outline of the fish obtained continuously for three times are within an allowable range, and then the errors are compared with related technical data of the existing well repair operation, so that identification of the underground fish is completed.
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| CN111197483B (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2022-09-23 | 中石化石油工程技术服务有限公司 | Ultrasonic detector for fish falling in petroleum drilling |
| CN109269688B (en) * | 2018-11-07 | 2023-11-03 | 江南大学 | Pressure sensing array and preparation method thereof |
| CN111594149A (en) * | 2019-02-20 | 2020-08-28 | 中石化石油工程技术服务有限公司 | Device for detecting fish falling in petroleum drilling by utilizing ultrasonic principle |
| CN109869109B (en) * | 2019-03-26 | 2023-07-14 | 中铁大桥局集团有限公司 | Method for fishing drill bit and drill bit fishing device |
| CN111911136B (en) * | 2020-07-30 | 2022-04-26 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Fish top detection imaging method and device based on mechanical array probe |
| CN112255701B (en) * | 2020-10-09 | 2024-05-24 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Multi-contact downhole junk imaging method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium |
| CN113107409B (en) * | 2021-05-13 | 2022-11-15 | 中煤科工集团西安研究院有限公司 | Visual guide type centralizing type drilling tool fishing device and method |
| CN113376171B (en) * | 2021-06-25 | 2024-06-25 | 政禾科技(杭州)有限公司 | Intelligent electric control experimental device |
| CN115182695B (en) * | 2022-08-01 | 2024-04-05 | 成都安蒂瑞斯能源科技有限公司 | Drilling well fish fishing tool and fishing method |
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| US8294758B2 (en) * | 2008-02-05 | 2012-10-23 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Downhole fish-imaging system and method |
| US8307895B2 (en) * | 2009-02-26 | 2012-11-13 | Conocophillips Company | Imaging apparatus and methods of making and using same |
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