CN107912788B - 一种用于花生榨油机的卧式烘烤炉 - Google Patents

一种用于花生榨油机的卧式烘烤炉 Download PDF

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CN107912788B
CN107912788B CN201810008755.4A CN201810008755A CN107912788B CN 107912788 B CN107912788 B CN 107912788B CN 201810008755 A CN201810008755 A CN 201810008755A CN 107912788 B CN107912788 B CN 107912788B
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baking
rotary drum
ceramic
sealing
parts
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彭冰冰
薛松涛
彭学民
魏君玲
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Shandong Lvdi Food Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种用于花生榨油机的卧式烘烤炉，它包括保温壳体和烘烤转筒；烘烤转筒的内壁设有陶瓷层；烘烤转筒两端与保温壳体两端转动连接；烘烤转筒通过传动电机传动旋转；保温壳体与烘烤转筒之间留有燃烧室；燃烧室的底部设有带燃烧器Ⅰ的耐火砖；烘烤转筒前端设有进料管，后端设有出料管；烘烤转筒上设有与其连通的出气管；烘烤转筒内壁的陶瓷层上均匀设有陶瓷刮料板。烘烤炉转动烘烤，整粒花生仁通过陶瓷刮料板均匀翻动，有效的去除水分，烘烤的标准统一。烘烤转筒内壁的陶瓷层和陶瓷刮料板能够有效的防止高温结渣，从而对烘烤效果得到质的提升。陶瓷在高温下的稳定性好，可保证烘烤后的花生仁不含异味，环保卫生且易于清理。

Description

一种用于花生榨油机的卧式烘烤炉
技术领域
本发明属于花生榨油设备技术领域，具体涉及一种用于花生榨油机的卧式烘烤炉。
背景技术
花生油是一种比较容易消化的食用油易于人体吸收，在北方地区广泛食用，花生油的香味独特纯香，即吡嗪类物质的含量高。目前，花生的榨油过程多是通过蒸炒炉将花生仁进行高温蒸炒，去除花生仁中的多余水分；蒸炒炉为立式，花生仁自上向下逐层进行高温蒸炒，这种加工方式被广泛应用。
使用此种方式对花生仁进行榨油前的高温蒸炒处理时，需要将花生仁进行破碎，即蒸炒炉只适用于破碎后的花生仁进行榨油，此种方式能有效的将花生仁中的水分进行去除，但是破碎后的花生仁榨出的油香味流失大，即吡嗪类物质流失大，无法到达纯正浓香的状态；如果采用整粒花生仁进行蒸炒则吡嗪类物质的流失少，但是水分的含量高，榨出的油质量差。因此，为了提高出油率和提高油品质量，蒸炒炉只使用于加工破碎后的花生粒，采用这种方式加工花生油必然会流失一定量的吡嗪类物质，从而造成花生油的香味无法达到纯正浓香的状态。
为了最大程度保留吡嗪类物质和烘干花生仁中的水分，将整粒花生仁进行高温处理去除水分是必然的选择，在对整粒花生仁进行烘烤过程中，温度的把控十分重要，温度过高花生仁烤糊烤焦，香味全无，温度过低水分去除不完全，含水量高都会影响榨油质量。
其次，高温火焰与金属炉体换热后，花生在与炉体接触时，高温环境会造成炉体内壁残留一层糊渣，花生仁外层的红衣也容易烤糊成渣，影响导热效果，需要不定期对内壁进行清理，影响生产效率和进度，且糊渣层的形成是一个缓慢的过程，清理后的炉体初始烘烤效果好，逐步使用后随着糊渣的慢慢形成烘烤效果开始下降，因此，烘烤后的花生仁品次逐步降低，榨出的油品也逐步下降。
并且，金属炉体在高温烘烤时金属的气味、烤焦的糊味都会造成一定的异味。因此，采用稳定高效的烘烤方式来将整粒花生仁进行加工几乎是无法达到的，故采用整粒烘烤的处理方式少有应用。
综上所述，只有采用合理的加工处理方式来对整粒花生仁进行烘烤，才能获得主要香气成分吡嗪类物质的控制量，才能得到浓郁纯正香味的花生油。
发明内容
本发明的目的是解决现有技术存在整粒烘烤易结糊和容易串味的技术问题，提供一种用于花生榨油机的卧式烘烤炉以克服现有技术的不足。
为了达到上述目的，本发明采用的技术方案是：
一种用于花生榨油机的卧式烘烤炉，它包括分别呈横向设置的保温壳体和烘烤转筒；所述烘烤转筒设置在保温壳体的内部；所述烘烤转筒的内壁设有陶瓷层；所述烘烤转筒前后两端固定设有的前密封转环和后密封转环分别通过密封滑环与保温壳体的前后两端相互密封转动连接；所述保温壳体上设有带减速机的传动电机；所述传动电机通过齿轮与后密封转环上的齿盘相互啮合传动连接；
所述保温壳体与烘烤转筒之间留有燃烧室；所述燃烧室的顶部设有与其连通的且带有引风机Ⅰ的排烟管，燃烧室的底部设有耐火砖；所述耐火砖设置在烘烤转筒和保温壳体之间，且耐火砖的下方设有与保温壳体前端固定连接的燃烧器Ⅰ；
所述烘烤转筒前端的前密封转环上设有与其密封转动连接的前密封盘，且前密封盘上设有与烘烤转筒相互连通的进料管；所述进料管内设有与送料电机相互传动连接的螺旋推料杆；所述烘烤转筒后端的后密封转环上设有与其密封转动连接的后密封盘，且后密封盘上设有与烘烤转筒相互连通的出料管；所述前密封盘和后密封盘上分别设有与烘烤转筒相互连通的出气管，且出气管上分别设有引风机Ⅱ；
所述烘烤转筒内壁的陶瓷层上均匀设有若干陶瓷刮料板，且陶瓷刮料板分别朝出料管处倾斜式设置。
为了达到良好的烘烤效果，所述耐火砖对应设置在烘烤转筒的下部，且与烘烤转筒的下部呈相互对应的半圆状；所述耐火砖与烘烤转筒之间留有22-28cm的间隙。
为了保证烘烤均匀，所述燃烧室的底部设有燃烧器Ⅱ；所述燃烧器Ⅱ与耐火砖的中部相互对应。
为了顺滑转动，所述保温壳体的前后两端分别固定设有与前密封转环和后密封转环滑动连接的滚轮支撑座。
为了均匀翻料，所述陶瓷刮料板相互呈交错式排列。
作为本发明的另一发明点，也是本发明优选的实施方式，
所述陶瓷层和陶瓷刮料板为一体结构，具体按照如下工艺制备而得：
步骤1）按重量份取各原料备用，其中，粉煤灰80份、钾长石50份、石英砂30份、羟基磷灰石22份、云母粉15份、硅藻土10份、碳化硅8份、聚砜树脂6份、聚酰亚胺6份、水80份；
步骤2）将钾长石、石英砂、羟基磷灰石、硅藻土以及碳化硅混合，然后置于0℃烘干24h，再放在干燥处自然冷却至室温，然后放入球磨机中球磨至100目的粉末；
步骤3）将粉煤灰、云母粉、聚砜树脂、聚酰亚胺以及步骤2）所得粉末依次投入到搅拌机中，加入水，200rpm搅拌90min，然后置于模具中模压成型，成型压力为90MPa，保压时间为60s，得到坯体；
步骤 4）将坯体放置于马弗炉内进行高温烧结，升温速率为20℃/min，烧结温度为1200℃，保温时间为3h，烧结完成，静置于马弗炉内自然冷却，即得。
本发明的有益效果主要包括但是并不限于以下几个方面：
1、本发明采用采用横向的烘烤炉进行转动式烘烤，整粒花生仁通过陶瓷刮料板在内部均匀翻动，能够有效的去除水分和充分的翻动，保证烘烤的标准统一。
2、本发明采用烘烤转筒内壁的陶瓷层和陶瓷刮料板能够有效的防止高温结渣，从而对烘烤效果得到质的提升。
3、由传统的花生仁与金属炉体直接接触，改为目前的与陶瓷层直接接触，陶瓷在高温下的稳定性好，可保证烘烤后的花生仁不含异味，环保卫生且易于清理。
4、本发明陶瓷层和陶瓷刮料板为一体结构，使用了新型陶瓷材料；本发明新型陶瓷材料以工业废气物粉煤灰为原料，减少了其他原料的添加量，原料廉价易得，成本低廉，实现了变废为宝；通过添加聚砜树脂以及聚酰亚胺，使制得的陶瓷具有良好的耐高温性能，在高温环境下不会变性，耐腐蚀性能大大提高；通过添加适量的石英砂和碳化硅，提高了机械强度；本发明制备工艺简单，生产成本低，易于规模化生产。
附图说明
图1是本发明的结构示意图。
图2是图1中A-A向结构示意图。
图3是图1的结构示意左视图。
图4是图1中A处结构示意放大图。
图中1-送料电机 2-进料管 3-螺旋推料杆 4-出气管 5-前密封转环 6-密封滑环 7-保温壳体 8-烘烤转筒 9-陶瓷刮料板 10-排烟管 11-引风机Ⅰ 12-齿轮13-传动电机 14-引风机Ⅱ 15-齿盘 16-后密封转环 17-出料管 18-滚轮支撑座19-燃烧器Ⅱ 20-耐火砖 21-燃烧室 22-燃烧器Ⅰ 23-后密封盘 24-前密封盘 25-陶瓷层。
具体实施方式
下面将结合图1至图4对本发明的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
参照图1至图4，本发明它包括分别呈横向设置的保温壳体7和烘烤转筒8；所述烘烤转筒8设置在保温壳体7的内部；所述烘烤转筒8的内壁设有陶瓷层25；所述烘烤转筒8前后两端固定设有的前密封转环5和后密封转环16分别通过密封滑环6与保温壳体7的前后两端相互密封转动连接；所述保温壳体7上设有带减速机的传动电机13；所述传动电机13通过齿轮12与后密封转环16上的齿盘15相互啮合传动连接；
所述保温壳体7与烘烤转筒8之间留有燃烧室21；所述燃烧室21的顶部设有与其连通的且带有引风机Ⅰ11的排烟管10，燃烧室21的底部设有耐火砖20；所述耐火砖20设置在烘烤转筒8和保温壳体7之间，且耐火砖20的下方设有与保温壳体7前端固定连接的燃烧器Ⅰ22；
所述烘烤转筒8前端的前密封转环5上设有与其密封转动连接的前密封盘24，且前密封盘24上设有与烘烤转筒8相互连通的进料管2；所述进料管2内设有与送料电机1相互传动连接的螺旋推料杆3；所述烘烤转筒8后端的后密封转环13上设有与其密封转动连接的后密封盘23，且后密封盘23上设有与烘烤转筒8相互连通的出料管17；所述前密封盘24和后密封盘23上分别设有与烘烤转筒8相互连通的出气管4，且出气管4上分别设有引风机Ⅱ14；
所述烘烤转筒8内壁的陶瓷层25上均匀设有若干陶瓷刮料板9，且陶瓷刮料板9分别朝出料管17处倾斜式设置。
为了达到良好的烘烤效果，所述耐火砖20对应设置在烘烤转筒8的下部，且与烘烤转筒8的下部呈相互对应的半圆状；所述耐火砖20与烘烤转筒8之间留有22-28cm的间隙。
为了保证烘烤均匀，所述燃烧室21的底部设有燃烧器Ⅱ19；所述燃烧器Ⅱ19与耐火砖20的中部相互对应。
为了顺滑转动，所述保温壳体7的前后两端分别固定设有与前密封转环5和后密封转环13滑动连接的滚轮支撑座18。
为了均匀翻料，所述陶瓷刮料板9相互呈交错式排列。
工作原理：整粒的花生仁进入进料管2内，通过与送料电机1相互传动连接的螺旋推料杆3不断向烘烤转筒8内输送；花生仁在陶瓷刮料板9的作用下进行均匀的翻动，陶瓷刮料板9交错式排列便于花生仁朝出料管17处不断移动；燃烧器Ⅰ22和燃烧器Ⅱ19的高温火焰将耐火砖20进行加热，产生的费烟气从排烟管10处排出，加热后的耐火砖20与烘烤转筒之间的空隙可利用空气作为换热介质进行热交换，防止直接干烧造成的烤糊现象；烘烤后的花生仁从出料管17处排出即可，花生仁可进入下一生产环节金多组小磨式榨油作业。
本发明创新式的在烘烤转筒内壁设置陶瓷层，保证烘烤时的稳定性，防止烤糊结渣，烘烤的花生仁质量统一；陶瓷层干净卫生，遇高温稳定，不会产品异味，易于清理；采用空气作为换热介质，烘烤转筒不直接与火焰接触，温度均匀分散易于控制，不会出现局部温度不均衡的现象；本发明烘烤后的整粒花生仁能最大限度的保留吡嗪类物质，在后续的榨油过程中香味得到充分的发挥，使花生的香味真正的达到浓郁纯正。
实施例2
本发明陶瓷层和陶瓷刮料板为一体结构，具体按照如下工艺制备而得：
步骤1）按重量份取各原料备用，其中，粉煤灰80份、钾长石50份、石英砂30份、羟基磷灰石22份、云母粉15份、硅藻土10份、碳化硅8份、聚砜树脂6份、聚酰亚胺6份、水80份；
步骤2）将钾长石、石英砂、羟基磷灰石、硅藻土以及碳化硅混合，然后置于0℃烘干24h，再放在干燥处自然冷却至室温，然后放入球磨机中球磨至100目的粉末；
步骤3）将粉煤灰、云母粉、聚砜树脂、聚酰亚胺以及步骤2）所得粉末依次投入到搅拌机中，加入水，200rpm搅拌90min，然后置于模具中模压成型，成型压力为90MPa，保压时间为60s，得到坯体；
步骤 4）将坯体放置于马弗炉内进行高温烧结，升温速率为20℃/min，烧结温度为1200℃，保温时间为3h，烧结完成，静置于马弗炉内自然冷却，即得。
上述聚砜树脂选用双酚A型聚砜；粉煤灰和云母粉的粒径为100目。
本发明陶瓷材料性能测试，以市场常用陶瓷材料作为对照，具体见表1：
表1
指标 体积密度g/cm3 抗弯强度MPa 导热系数W/m.k（500℃） 腐蚀率% 1400℃、24小时加热，变化率%（25mm）
实施例2 2.07 21.98 0.091 1.86 2.11
对照组 2.28 19.53 0.126 2.47 2.69
结论：本发明陶瓷材料各方面性能优于常用陶瓷材料，耐高温耐腐蚀保温效果好，延长了使用时间，提升了产品质量。
以上所述，仅为本发明的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到的变化或替换，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (4)

1.一种用于花生榨油机的卧式烘烤炉，其特征是：它包括分别呈横向设置的保温壳体(7)和烘烤转筒(8)；所述烘烤转筒(8)设置在保温壳体(7)的内部；所述烘烤转筒(8)的内壁设有陶瓷层(25)；所述烘烤转筒(8)前后两端固定设有的前密封转环(5)和后密封转环(16)分别通过密封滑环(6)与保温壳体(7)的前后两端相互密封转动连接；所述保温壳体(7)上设有带减速机的传动电机(13)；所述传动电机(13)通过齿轮(12)与后密封转环(16)上的齿盘(15)相互啮合传动连接；
所述保温壳体(7)与烘烤转筒(8)之间留有燃烧室(21)；所述燃烧室(21)的顶部设有与其连通的且带有引风机Ⅰ(11)的排烟管(10)，燃烧室(21)的底部设有耐火砖(20)；所述耐火砖(20)设置在烘烤转筒(8)和保温壳体(7)之间，且耐火砖(20)的下方设有与保温壳体(7)前端固定连接的燃烧器Ⅰ(22)；
所述烘烤转筒(8)前端的前密封转环(5)上设有与其密封转动连接的前密封盘(24)，且前密封盘(24)上设有与烘烤转筒(8)相互连通的进料管(2)；所述进料管(2)内设有与送料电机(1)相互传动连接的螺旋推料杆(3)；所述烘烤转筒(8)后端的后密封转环(13)上设有与其密封转动连接的后密封盘(23)，且后密封盘(23)上设有与烘烤转筒(8)相互连通的出料管(17)；所述前密封盘(24)和后密封盘(23)上分别设有与烘烤转筒(8)相互连通的出气管(4)，且出气管(4)上分别设有引风机Ⅱ(14)；
所述烘烤转筒(8)内壁的陶瓷层(25)上均匀设有若干陶瓷刮料板(9)，且陶瓷刮料板(9)分别朝出料管(17)处倾斜式设置；
所述耐火砖(20)对应设置在烘烤转筒(8)的下部，且与烘烤转筒(8)的下部呈相互对应的半圆状；所述耐火砖(20)与烘烤转筒(8)之间留有22-28cm的间隙；
所述陶瓷层(25)和陶瓷刮料板(9)为一体结构，按照如下工艺制备而得：步骤1)按重量份取各原料备用，其中，粉煤灰80份、钾长石50份、石英砂30份、羟基磷灰石22份、云母粉15份、硅藻土10份、碳化硅8份、聚砜树脂6份、聚酰亚胺6份、水80份；
步骤2)将钾长石、石英砂、羟基磷灰石、硅藻土以及碳化硅混合，然后置于0℃烘干24h，再放在干燥处自然冷却至室温，然后放入球磨机中球磨至100目的粉末；
步骤3)将粉煤灰、云母粉、聚砜树脂、聚酰亚胺以及步骤2)所得粉末依次投入到搅拌机中，再加入水，200rpm搅拌90min，然后置于模具中模压成型，得到坯体；
步骤4)将坯体放置于马弗炉内进行高温烧结，升温速率为20℃/min，烧结温度为1200℃，保温时间为3h，烧结完成，静置于马弗炉内自然冷却，即得。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于花生榨油机的卧式烘烤炉，其特征是，所述燃烧室(21)的底部设有燃烧器Ⅱ(19)；所述燃烧器Ⅱ(19)与耐火砖(20)的中部相互对应。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于花生榨油机的卧式烘烤炉，其特征是所述保温壳体(7)的前后两端分别固定设有与前密封转环(5)和后密封转环(13)滑动连接的滚轮支撑座(18)。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于花生榨油机的卧式烘烤炉，其特征是，
所述陶瓷刮料板(9)相互呈交错式排列。
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