CN107912336B - Method for polyculture of finless eels in pond - Google Patents
Method for polyculture of finless eels in pond Download PDFInfo
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- CN107912336B CN107912336B CN201711069685.5A CN201711069685A CN107912336B CN 107912336 B CN107912336 B CN 107912336B CN 201711069685 A CN201711069685 A CN 201711069685A CN 107912336 B CN107912336 B CN 107912336B
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- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Na+].Cl[O-] SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
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- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
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- 244000205574 Acorus calamus Species 0.000 claims description 4
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- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 description 5
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
- A01K61/13—Prevention or treatment of fish diseases
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/59—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of crustaceans, e.g. lobsters or shrimps
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
- A01K67/0332—Earthworms
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for polyculture of finless eels in a pond, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: (1) building a pond, excavating a pond, paving the pond by using red bricks and cement, positioning the eel pond around the eel pond, and arranging earthworm cultivation areas on the other 3 dam surfaces of the eel pond; (2) paving the pond bottom, moving earthworms into an earthworm cultivation area, cultivating for more than 14 days, paving the bottom of the fish pond by using fine sand and gravel, and mixing the loess and the lotus pond mud in the eel pond; (3) processing the young fries, namely putting crucian fries, screws and a certain amount of small trash fish in a fish pond, putting ricefield eel fries in an eel pond, soaking the fries in salt solution and spraying sodium hypochlorite solution; (4) feeding, wherein grass and concentrated feed are normally fed into the pond every day, and the concentrated feed is fed into the pond every 3 days for 1 time; (5) and (3) preventing diseases, namely periodically replacing water in the fish pond and the eel pond, periodically spraying lime water and the mixed microbial inoculum, and starting a circulating pump when the outdoor temperature is higher than 30 ℃.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of finless eel culture, and particularly relates to a method for polyculture of finless eels in a pond.
Background
The finless eel is a fish of finless eel genus of Holotrichia, the growth length of the finless eel is up to 1m, the head is thick, the tail is thin, no scale exists on the whole, the color is yellow brown, and the surface of the finless eel is covered with a layer of viscous membrane liquid for protection. Finless eels are tropical or warm-temperate fishes, are favored to inhabit muddy water such as ponds, lakes, paddy fields and the like, have strong adaptability to water quality, temperature and the like, are favored to be drilled in holes and caved in, and can survive in low-oxygen water for a long time. The finless eels grow in the sludge water quality of lakes, rice fields, rivers and the like in China, the yield of artificial breeding is the largest in the Yangtze river basin, Liaoning, Tianjin and other areas, and the finless eels are distributed in southeast Asia, Philippine Islands, Japan and India Islands. The finless eel meat contains rich nutritional ingredients such as protein, mineral substances, vitamins and the like, has the characteristics of rich nutrition, delicious meat, less meat thorn and the like, can be used as medicines for meat, blood, head and the like, has the effects of enriching blood, tonifying qi, diminishing inflammation, disinfecting, removing rheumatism and the like, and has higher edible and health-care values. The finless eel is generally cultivated in a rice field or a pond, so that the cultivation cost can be effectively reduced, the space utilization rate and the economic benefit of the pond and the rice field are improved, however, more escape phenomena are easy to occur in cultivation, and the water storage capacity of the rice field and the pond is damaged; by adopting the net cage culture method, the culture density is relatively large, the space is small, the fishing is easy, but the meat quality and the taste are poor and the nutritional value is relatively low when the feed is adopted for feeding.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at the existing problems: the finless eel is generally cultivated in a rice field or a pond, so that the cultivation cost can be effectively reduced, the space utilization rate and the economic benefit of the pond and the rice field are improved, however, more escape phenomena are easy to occur in cultivation, and the water storage capacity of the rice field and the pond is damaged; by adopting the net cage culture method, the culture density is relatively large, the space is small, the fishing is easy, but the meat quality and the taste are poor and the nutritional value is relatively low when the feed is adopted for feeding. In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a method for polyculture of finless eels in a pond.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a method for polyculture of finless eels in a pond comprises the following steps:
(1) building a pool: excavating a fish pond with the size of 7-8m multiplied by 1.5-1.8m, wherein the peripheral dams are inclined slopes of 30 degrees, red bricks and cement are used for paving the pond, the eel pond is positioned at the periphery of the fish pond, 3-4 openings are formed in each side of the dam shared with the fish pond, earthworm cultivation areas with the width of 40-50cm are arranged on the other 3 dam surfaces of the eel pond, the height of the earthworm cultivation areas is kept parallel to the horizontal plane, and a protection wall with the height of 20-30cm is built on the peripheries of the fish pond and the eel pond; the eel ponds are arranged around the center of the eel pond, so that food supply can be provided for eels, a wild-growth-simulated environment for eel cultivation is formed, the nutritive value of the eels is improved, and the use amount of feed is reduced;
(2) laying the pond bottom: mixing loess and cow dung, fermenting, laying 6-8cm in height in an earthworm cultivation area, moving the mixture into earthworms, cultivating for more than 14 days, preventing cultivation soil from being soaked in water to inhibit the growth of the earthworms, providing rich food sources for finless eels, laying fine sand and gravels at the bottom of a fish pond with the thickness of 2-3cm, sterilizing by using a potassium permanganate solution, introducing aquatic plants such as calamus, reed and green algae into the fish pond, creating a pond bottom living environment and increasing the food sources, keeping the water depth of the fish pond at 1.4-1.6m, mixing the loess and pond mud, airing and sterilizing, laying 7-10cm in thickness in the finless eel pond, and placing stones on the side edge of the finless eel pond;
(3) seedling treatment: putting crucian fries in a fish pond according to 20-30 per square, putting 17-20kg of screws and a certain amount of small trash fish, putting finless eel fries in the finless eel pond according to 2.5-3kg per square, keeping the weight of each tail at 25-30g, carrying out salt solution soaking and sodium hypochlorite solution spraying on the crucian fries, the screws and the finless eel fries before use, reducing the disease rate in culture, and spreading lime powder on the water surface;
(4) feeding: normally feeding grass and concentrated feed every day in the eel pond, wherein the feeding amount of the concentrated feed is 5% -7% of the weight of the eel, feeding the eel in three time periods every day, improving the growth speed of the crucian, reducing the waste proportion in feed feeding, feeding the concentrated feed 1 time every 3 days in the eel pond, wherein the feeding amount is 3% -4% of the weight of the eel, meeting the requirements of the eel on nutritional ingredients such as protein, vitamins and the like, promoting the eel to capture food in an earthworm culture area and the eel pond, and feeding the eel 1 time respectively in the morning and afternoon;
(5) disease prevention: the water in the fish pond and the eel pond is replaced for 1 time every 2 weeks, the lime water is used for disinfecting the water pond about every half month, pathogenic bacteria breeding in water quality are killed, the disease rate is reduced, the mixed microbial inoculum is spread to the water pond every month, residual organic matter components in the water quality are degraded, the eutrophication probability of the water body is reduced, a circulating pump in the water pond is started to increase the content of dissolved oxygen in the water when the outdoor temperature is higher than 30 ℃, and the starting time is 3-4 hours every day.
The eel pool in the step (1) has the size of 4m multiplied by 40-50cm, wherein the horizontal plane of the eel pool is level to the horizontal plane of the fish pool.
The mass ratio of the loess and the cow dung in the step (2) is 2: 1; the mass ratio of the loess to the lotus pond mud is 2: 3-4; the mass concentration of the potassium permanganate solution is 0.3%.
The salt water in the step (3) has the mass concentration of 2-3 percent and the soaking time of 5-7 min; the mass concentration of the sodium hypochlorite solution is 40 ppm; the spreading amount of the lime powder is 20-30kg per mu.
The concentrated feed in the step (4) comprises the following components in parts by mass: 34-38 parts of camellia seed meal, 21-25 parts of fish meal, 14-17 parts of fishbone meal, 11-13 parts of protein residue, 7-10 parts of watermelon peel, 6-9 parts of orange peel, 3-5 parts of chitin and 1-3 parts of tea powder.
The mixed microbial inoculum of the step (5), wherein the EM microbial inoculum: the mass ratio of the fertilizer fermentation inoculum is 3-4: 1.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: the pond building method is characterized in that the eel ponds are arranged on four sides of the fish pond as the center to carry out eel culture, trash fish, screws and the like cultured in the fish pond can provide food supply for eels, an ecological environment food chain of the culture pond is formed, a wild-simulated growth environment for eel culture is provided, the nutritive value of the eels is improved, the use amount of feed is reduced, and the economic income of the eel culture is increased by crucian cultured in the fish pond; the earthworms breeding area is arranged on the inner side dam of the eel pond, so that the situation that the breeding mud is shared by the eels and the earthworms, the breeding of the earthworms is limited due to overhigh water content in the breeding mud can be avoided, rich food sources are provided for the eels, and the growth speed and the nutritive value of the eels are improved. Lay the bottom of the pool, use fine sand and gravel to lay the fish pond and can reduce the disease rate, can build the bottom of the pool living environment again for screw, crucian etc. use loess and lotus root pond mud after sunning, disinfecting to lay the bottom of the eel pond, have the effect that provides the habitat, reduce the disease rate. And (3) performing seedling treatment, namely performing sterilization treatment on crucian seedlings, screws and ricefield eel seedlings by adopting a solution of salt water and sodium hypochlorite, so that the disease rate in pond culture can be reduced, and the culture growth speed is increased. The feeding method comprises the steps of normally feeding the crucian in a fish pond by using the concentrated feed, feeding the feed according to the weight proportion and feeding the feed for three times, wherein the feed can be properly fed according to the growth condition and the feeding amount of crucian, so that the feed waste can be reduced; the rice field eels are fed for 1 time in 3 days, and the feed amount of the rice field eels is reduced, so that the nutritional requirements of the rice field eels on protein, vitamins and the like in the culture can be supplemented, the rice field eels can be promoted to capture food in an earthworm culture area and a fish pond, the wild habit of the rice field eels is improved, the feed use amount is reduced, and the culture cost is saved. Disease prevention, the content of organic components in the water quality of the culture pond can be reduced by replacing water, lime water and mixed microbial inoculum, and the probability of water eutrophication is reduced, so that the disease rate in the culture of crucian and finless eels is reduced.
Detailed Description
Example 1:
a method for polyculture of finless eels in a pond comprises the following steps:
(1) building a pool: the size of an excavated fish pond is 7.2m multiplied by 1.6m, the peripheral dams are inclined slopes of 30 degrees, red bricks and cement are used for laying the pond, the eel pond is positioned around the fish pond, 3-4 openings are formed in each side of the dam shared with the fish pond, earthworm cultivation areas are arranged on the other 3 dam surfaces of the eel pond, the width of each earthworm cultivation area is 43cm, the height of each earthworm cultivation area is parallel to the horizontal plane, and a protective wall with the height of 24cm is built on the peripheries of the fish pond and the eel pond; the eel ponds are arranged around the center of the eel pond, so that food supply can be provided for eels, a wild-growth-simulated environment for eel cultivation is formed, the nutritive value of the eels is improved, and the use amount of feed is reduced;
(2) laying the pond bottom: mixing loess and cow dung, fermenting, laying 6-8cm in an earthworm cultivation area, moving the mixture into earthworms, cultivating for more than 14 days, avoiding the inhibition of cultivation soil soaking water on the growth of the earthworms, providing rich food sources for finless eels, laying fine sand and gravels at the bottom of a fish pond for 2cm in thickness, sterilizing by using a potassium permanganate solution, introducing aquatic plants such as calamus, reed and green algae into the fish pond, creating a pond bottom living environment and increasing the food sources, keeping the water depth of the fish pond at 1.5m, mixing the loess and lotus root mud for airing and sterilizing, laying 8cm in thickness in the finless eel pond, and placing stones on the side edge of the finless eel pond;
(3) seedling treatment: putting crucian carp fries per square 20-30 in a fish pond, putting 18kg of screws and a certain amount of small trash fish, putting finless eel fries per square 2.6kg in the finless eel pond, keeping the weight of each tail at 25-30g, carrying out salt water soaking and sodium hypochlorite solution spraying on the crucian carp fries, the screws and the finless eel fries before use, reducing the disease rate in cultivation, and spreading lime powder on the water surface;
(4) feeding: normally feeding grass and concentrated feed every day in the eel pond, wherein the feeding amount of the concentrated feed is 5.6% of the weight of the eel, feeding the eel in three time periods every day, improving the growth speed of the crucian, reducing the waste proportion in feed feeding, feeding the concentrated feed 1 time every 3 days in the eel pond, wherein the feeding amount is 3.2% of the weight of the eel, meeting the requirements of the eel on nutritional ingredients such as protein, vitamins and the like, promoting the eel to capture food in an earthworm culture area and the eel pond, and feeding the eel 1 time respectively in the morning and afternoon;
(5) disease prevention: change 1 time every 2 weeks in fish pond and the eel pond, use lime wash to disinfect the pond about every half a month, kill the pathogenic bacteria of breeding in the quality of water, reduce the disease rate, sprinkle mixed microbial inoculum to the pond every month, degrade remaining organic matter composition in the quality of water, reduce water eutrophication probability, open the circulating pump in the pond and increase aquatic dissolved oxygen content when outdoor temperature is higher than 30 ℃, the opening time is 3.5h every day.
The eel pool in the step (1) has the size of 4m multiplied by 43cm, wherein the horizontal plane of the eel pool is kept level with the horizontal plane of the fish pool.
The mass ratio of the loess and the cow dung in the step (2) is 2: 1; the mass ratio of the loess to the lotus pond mud is 2: 3; the mass concentration of the potassium permanganate solution is 0.3%.
The salt solution in the step (3) has the mass concentration of 2.1 percent and the soaking time of 6 min; the mass concentration of the sodium hypochlorite solution is 40 ppm; the spreading amount of the lime powder is 24kg per mu.
The concentrated feed in the step (4) comprises the following components in parts by mass: 35 parts of camellia seed meal, 22 parts of fish meal, 14.3 parts of fishbone meal, 11.5 parts of protein residues, 8 parts of watermelon peel, 7 parts of orange peel, 3.6 parts of chitin and 1.3 parts of tea powder.
The mixed microbial inoculum of the step (5), wherein the EM microbial inoculum: the mass ratio of the fertilizer fermentation inoculum is 3: 1.
Example 2:
(1) building a pool: the size of an excavated fish pond is 7.8m multiplied by 1.7m, the peripheral dams are inclined slopes of 30 degrees, red bricks and cement are used for laying the pond, the eel pond is positioned around the fish pond, 3-4 openings are formed in each side of the dam shared with the fish pond, earthworm cultivation areas are arranged on the other 3 dam surfaces of the eel pond, the width of each earthworm cultivation area is 48cm, the height of each earthworm cultivation area is parallel to the horizontal plane, and a protective wall with the height of 27cm is built on the peripheries of the fish pond and the eel pond; the eel ponds are arranged around the center of the eel pond, so that food supply can be provided for eels, a wild-growth-simulated environment for eel cultivation is formed, the nutritive value of the eels is improved, and the use amount of feed is reduced;
(2) laying the pond bottom: mixing loess and cow dung, fermenting, laying 6-8cm in an earthworm cultivation area, moving the mixture into earthworms, cultivating for more than 14 days, avoiding the inhibition of cultivation soil soaking water on the growth of the earthworms, providing rich food sources for finless eels, laying 3cm thick fine sand and gravels at the bottom of a fish pond, sterilizing by using a potassium permanganate solution, introducing aquatic plants such as calamus, reed and green algae into the fish pond, creating a pond bottom living environment and increasing the food sources, keeping the water depth of the fish pond at 1.6m, mixing the loess and lotus root mud for airing and sterilizing, laying 9cm thick blocks in the finless eels pond, and placing stones on the side edge of the finless eels pond;
(3) seedling treatment: putting crucian carp fries per square 20-30 in a fish pond, putting 19kg of screws and a certain amount of small trash fish, putting finless eel fries per square 2.8kg in the finless eel pond, keeping the weight of each tail at 25-30g, carrying out salt water soaking and sodium hypochlorite solution spraying on the crucian carp fries, the screws and the finless eel fries before use, reducing the disease rate in cultivation, and spreading lime powder on the water surface;
(4) feeding: normally feeding grass and concentrated feed every day in the eel pond, wherein the feeding amount of the concentrated feed is 6.3 percent of the weight of the eel, feeding the eel in three time periods every day, improving the growth speed of the crucian, reducing the waste proportion in feed feeding, feeding the concentrated feed 1 time every 3 days in the eel pond, wherein the feeding amount is 3.7 percent of the weight of the eel, meeting the requirements of the eel on nutritional ingredients such as protein, vitamins and the like, promoting the eel to capture food in an earthworm culture area and the eel pond, and feeding the eel 1 time respectively in the morning and afternoon;
(5) disease prevention: change 1 time every 2 weeks in fish pond and the eel pond, use lime wash to disinfect the pond about every half a month, kill the pathogenic bacteria of breeding in the quality of water, reduce the disease rate, sprinkle mixed microbial inoculum to the pond every month, degrade remaining organic matter composition in the quality of water, reduce water eutrophication probability, open the pond internal circulation pump and increase aquatic dissolved oxygen content when outdoor temperature is higher than 30 ℃, open time every day is 4 h.
The eel pool in the step (1) has the size of 4m multiplied by 48cm, wherein the horizontal plane of the eel pool is kept level with the horizontal plane of the fish pool.
The mass ratio of the loess and the cow dung in the step (2) is 2: 1; the mass ratio of the loess to the lotus pond mud is 1: 2; the mass concentration of the potassium permanganate solution is 0.3%.
The salt water in the step (3) has the mass concentration of 2.8 percent and the soaking time of 7 min; the mass concentration of the sodium hypochlorite solution is 40 ppm; the spreading amount of the lime powder is 27kg per mu.
The concentrated feed in the step (4) comprises the following components in parts by mass: 36 parts of camellia seed meal, 24 parts of fish meal, 16 parts of fishbone meal, 12.7 parts of protein residues, 9 parts of watermelon peel, 8 parts of orange peel, 4.3 parts of chitin and 2.6 parts of tea powder.
The mixed microbial inoculum of the step (5), wherein the EM microbial inoculum: the mass ratio of the fertilizer fermentation inoculum is 4: 1.
Comparison 1:
this comparative example 1 was compared with example 1, and the fish pond in step (1) was not performed, and the other steps were the same as in example 1.
Comparison 2:
in comparison with example 1, comparative example 2 did not carry out the earthworm cultivation in step (2), and the other steps were the same as example 1.
Comparison 3:
this comparison 3 was made with example 1, without using the salt solution and sodium hypochlorite solution in step (3), and the other steps were the same as in example 1.
Comparison 4:
this comparison 4 was compared with example 2, and the finless eel feeding method in the step (4) was not carried out, and other steps were the same as in example 2.
Comparison No. 5:
in this comparison 5, the disease prevention in the step (5) was not performed, as compared with example 2, and other steps were the same as in example 2.
Control group:
the finless eel breeding in the control group net cage is used as a reference, and a fish pond, earthworm breeding, salt water and sodium hypochlorite solution, a finless eel feeding method and disease prevention are not used.
For the experimental schemes of example 1, example 2, comparison 1, comparison 2, comparison 3, comparison 4, comparison 5 and the control group, the growth rate (1 year), disease rate, protein content and meat quality and taste of the finless eel are counted.
Meat quality and taste: wherein + is very good, + is general, + is bad, + is very bad; the capacity of each evaluation sample is 110, and the evaluation result of the supersample 2/3 is taken as a standard.
Experimental data:
| item | Growth rate g | Disease rate% | Protein content g/100g | Meat taste |
| Example 1 | 317 | 0.53 | 17.8 | ﹢﹢﹢﹢ |
| Example 2 | 309 | 0.48 | 17.3 | ﹢﹢﹢﹢ |
| Comparative example 1 | 249 | 0.51 | 16.3 | ﹢﹢ |
| Comparative example 2 | 272 | 0.48 | 16.7 | ﹢﹢ |
| Comparison 3 | 312 | 1.05 | 17.4 | ﹢﹢﹢﹢ |
| Comparative example 4 | 267 | 0.45 | 16.3 | ﹢﹢﹢ |
| Comparative example 5 | 304 | 1.45 | 16.9 | ﹢﹢﹢﹢ |
| Control group | 287 | 2.14 | 14.2 | ﹢ |
And (3) integrating the results: compared with a control group, the growth speed of the finless eel is kept level, the growth speed is increased by 156g compared with the growth speed of the finless eel cultured in a rice field, the disease rate is reduced by 1.61%, the protein content is reduced by 3.6g/100g, and the meat quality and the taste of the finless eel are greatly improved. By using the fish pond and the earthworm breeding method, the growth speed can be increased to 68g and 45g, and the protein content can be increased to 1.52g/100g and 1.06g/100 g; the disease rate can be reduced by 0.52 percent and 0.97 percent by using the saline solution and the sodium hypochlorite solution and the disease prevention method; by adopting the finless eel feeding method, the growth speed can be increased by 42g, the protein content is increased by 0.97g/100g, and the increase value of the breeding economy is increased by more than 23.5% by adopting a crucian polyculture mode.
Claims (6)
1. A method for polyculture of finless eels in a pond is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) building a pool: excavating a fish pond with the size of 7-8m multiplied by 1.5-1.8m, wherein the peripheral dams are inclined slopes of 30 degrees, red bricks and cement are used for paving the pond, the eel pond is positioned at the periphery of the fish pond, 3-4 openings are formed in each side of the dam shared with the fish pond, earthworm cultivation areas with the width of 40-50cm are arranged on the other 3 dam surfaces of the eel pond, the height of the earthworm cultivation areas is kept parallel to the horizontal plane, and a protection wall with the height of 20-30cm is built on the peripheries of the fish pond and the eel pond;
(2) laying the pond bottom: mixing loess and cow dung, fermenting, laying 6-8cm in height in an earthworm cultivation area, moving into earthworms, cultivating for more than 14 days, laying 2-3cm thick bottom of a fish pond by using fine sand and gravels, sterilizing by using potassium permanganate solution, introducing calamus, reed and green algae into the fish pond, keeping the water depth of the fish pond at 1.4-1.6m, mixing the loess and lotus pond mud, airing, sterilizing, laying 7-10cm in thickness in the pond, and placing stones on the side edge of the eel pond;
(3) seedling treatment: putting crucian carp fries per square 20-30 in a fish pond, putting 17-20kg of screws and a certain amount of small trash fish, putting finless eel fries per square 2.5-3kg in the finless eel pond, keeping the weight of each tail at 25-30g, soaking the crucian carp fries, the screws and the finless eel fries in salt solution and spraying sodium hypochlorite solution before use, and spreading lime powder on the water surface;
(4) feeding: normally feeding green grass and concentrated feed every day in the eel pond, wherein the feeding amount of the concentrated feed is 5% -7% of the weight of the eels, feeding the eels in three time periods every day, feeding the concentrated feed 1 time every 3 days in the eel pond, the feeding amount of the concentrated feed is 3% -4% of the weight of the eels, and feeding the eels in the morning and afternoon for 1 time respectively;
(5) disease prevention: changing water in the fish pond and the eel pond for 1 time every 2 weeks, disinfecting the pond by using lime water every half month, spreading mixed microbial inoculum to the pond every month, starting a circulating pump in the pond to increase the content of dissolved oxygen in water when the outdoor temperature is higher than 30 ℃, and starting for 3-4 hours every day.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the eel pond is 4 mx 40-50cm in size, and wherein the eel pond level is maintained at the same level as the eel pond level in the step (1).
3. The method for polyculture of finless eels in the pond according to claim 1, wherein the loess and cow dung in the step (2) are mixed in a mass ratio of 2: 1; the mass ratio of the loess to the lotus pond mud is 2: 3-4; the mass concentration of the potassium permanganate solution is 0.3%.
4. The method for polyculture of finless eels in the pond as claimed in claim 1, wherein the salt solution in the step (3) has a mass concentration of 2% -3% and is soaked for 5-7 min; the mass concentration of the sodium hypochlorite solution is 40 ppm; the spreading amount of the lime powder is 20-30kg per mu.
5. The method for polyculture of finless eels in the pond according to claim 1, wherein the concentrated feed in the step (4) comprises the following components in parts by mass: 34-38 parts of camellia seed meal, 21-25 parts of fish meal, 14-17 parts of fishbone meal, 11-13 parts of protein residue, 7-10 parts of watermelon peel, 6-9 parts of orange peel, 3-5 parts of chitin and 1-3 parts of tea powder.
6. The method for pond-polyculture of finless eels as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mixed microbial inoculum of step (5) is as follows, wherein the EM microbial inoculum: the mass ratio of the fertilizer fermentation inoculum is 3-4: 1.
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| CN101095402A (en) * | 2006-06-26 | 2008-01-02 | 朱训猛 | Zoology cultivating method of finless eel |
| CN101449662A (en) * | 2007-11-30 | 2009-06-10 | 武汉亿农丰生物工程有限公司 | Method for culturing rice field eel |
| KR101212399B1 (en) * | 2012-07-16 | 2012-12-13 | 전라남도 | Aquaculture of an eel using ecological food chain |
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| CN101095402A (en) * | 2006-06-26 | 2008-01-02 | 朱训猛 | Zoology cultivating method of finless eel |
| CN101449662A (en) * | 2007-11-30 | 2009-06-10 | 武汉亿农丰生物工程有限公司 | Method for culturing rice field eel |
| KR101212399B1 (en) * | 2012-07-16 | 2012-12-13 | 전라남도 | Aquaculture of an eel using ecological food chain |
| CN104604761A (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2015-05-13 | 杨彪 | Fish and shrimp mating breeding method |
| CN107211707A (en) * | 2017-07-03 | 2017-09-29 | 合肥卓畅农业科技有限公司 | A kind of cultural method of wild rice stem field intercropping loach |
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