CN107910870B - Switching control method and device for distributed static series compensator - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to a switching control method and a device of a distributed static series compensator, wherein the control method comprises the following steps: selecting a compensation mode of a distributed static series compensator in a line according to a power system scheduling instruction and a line running state monitoring result; and under the selected compensation mode, the distributed static series compensators needing to be put in are put in according to the set time sequence, and the distributed static series compensators are controlled to quit operation according to the set time sequence. In the switching process of the distributed static series compensator, the distributed static series compensator is controlled to be switched on and off sequentially, namely the distributed static series compensator is switched on or switched off according to the time sequence, so that the cluster control of the distributed static series compensator is realized, and the impact on the system in the switching process is effectively reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a switching control method and a switching control device for a distributed static series compensator, and belongs to the technical field of flexible alternating current transmission.
Background
With the increasing demand of electricity, the load of an electric power system is increasing day by day, and the capacity of the transmission line of the existing power grid structure is limited, so that the trend of some lines often exceeds the limit of the heat capacity of the lines, and the electric energy transmission capability of the system is further limited. The traditional method for improving the transmission capability of the whole system is to add a power transmission line, however, the construction of a new line is long in time consumption and high in cost, so that a more intelligent method is to use a Flexible AC transmission system (FACTS) to adjust the line power flow distribution, and the problem is solved by a more economic method.
The FACTS equipment can adjust line tide, so that the line tide exceeding the thermal capacity limit is dispersed to other lines, the line overload operation is avoided, and the requirement on newly added lines is reduced. However, FACTS devices have been studied for over a decade and still have not been widely deployed due to their high cost and risk. As FACTS equipment is large-capacity equipment, the requirement on one-time investment is high, and the return on investment is slow. And the large capacity centralized series compensation equipment can affect the stability of the whole system once the equipment fails, so the inherent defects seriously limit the development of FACTS.
To avoid the above-mentioned disadvantages of FACTS devices, the american scholars Divan, in the IEEE electrical power systems research and fair in 2004, proposed a new Flexible ac power transmission System concept of Distributed Flexible ac power transmission System (D-FACTS). The D-FACTS technology is characterized in that a large number of low-power single-phase compensation devices are dispersedly installed on a line, and the compensation function of a centralized FACTS device is realized through cluster coordination control of a large number of devices. D-FACTS devices are a family of low power class, more commercially valuable compensation devices.
The Distributed Static Series Compensator (DSSC) is an important member of the D-FACTS family, and connects a small-capacity Series compensation device in Series on a transmission line in a transformer coupling manner, and is installed in each phase line in a decentralized manner, and line impedance is adjusted by coordination control of a large number of Distributed units, so as to control the line power flow. The controller is small in size and light in weight, can be directly hung on a transmission line or a tower, does not need to occupy the land for installation, and is a novel tidal current controller with high practicability.
The direct current side of the DSSC only has a capacitor and does not have other power sources, so that energy is required to be acquired from the line through the alternating current side before the DSSC starts to operate to charge the direct current side, active power is inevitably absorbed from the line in the process, and if a plurality of DSSCs of the same phase in one line simultaneously absorb power from the line to charge the capacitor at the direct current side, great impact is caused to the line tide, and the line voltage distortion is caused. Similarly, if the DSSCs in a phase exit simultaneously, a large power fluctuation is also caused suddenly. At present, no research results have elaborated on a coordinated control method for preventing the DSSC from operating at too low a voltage and an ordered control strategy for preventing the DSSC from charging or exiting simultaneously.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a switching control method and a switching control device for distributed static series compensators, which are used for solving the problem that a plurality of distributed static series compensators have large impact on a system in the switching process.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a switching control method of a distributed static series compensator, which comprises the following schemes:
the first method scheme is as follows: the method comprises the following steps:
selecting a compensation mode of a distributed static series compensator in a line according to a power system scheduling instruction and a line running state monitoring result;
and under the selected compensation mode, the distributed static series compensators needing to be put in are put in according to the set time sequence, and the distributed static series compensators are controlled to quit operation according to the set time sequence.
The second method comprises the following steps: on the basis of the first method scheme, the compensation mode comprises a compensation power mode, a compensation voltage mode and a compensation impedance mode; when the line is required to adjust the active power flow of the line, selecting a compensation power mode; when the voltage at the tail end of the line is required to be adjusted, a compensation voltage mode is selected; when the short-circuit fault of the line is detected, the compensation impedance mode is selected.
The method comprises the following steps: on the basis of the first and second method schemes, the method for inputting the distributed static series compensators required to be input according to the set time sequence comprises the following steps: the time required by the distributed static series compensator from the beginning of charging to the beginning of regulating the line power flow is used as a time interval, and a set number of distributed static series compensators are put into use in each time interval.
The method comprises the following steps: on the basis of the method schemes three and four, the set number of distributed static series compensators put into each time interval is as follows:
wherein M isiSet number of distributed static series compensators to be engaged for the ith time interval, PcomPower, P, for each distributed static series compensator to increase line current when put into operation in a capacitive compensation modechAbsorbed power for each distributed static series compensator in the charging phase, round (P)com/Pch) Represents a pair Pcom/PchRounding off, MxThe number of distributed static series compensators devoted to the previous xth time interval.
The method comprises the following steps: on the basis of the first method scheme and the second method scheme, the method for quitting the distributed static series compensators according to the set time sequence comprises the following steps: and each time the distributed static series compensator exits, the exit instruction of the next distributed static series compensator is issued after the exit instruction of the previous distributed static series compensator is issued and the set delay time is passed.
The invention also provides a switching control device of the distributed static series compensator, which comprises the following scheme:
the first device scheme is as follows: comprising a processor for processing instructions to implement a method comprising:
selecting a compensation mode of a distributed static series compensator in a line according to a power system scheduling instruction and a line running state monitoring result;
and under the selected compensation mode, the distributed static series compensators needing to be put in are put in according to the set time sequence, and the distributed static series compensators are controlled to quit operation according to the set time sequence.
The device scheme II comprises the following steps: on the basis of the first device scheme, the compensation mode comprises a compensation power mode, a compensation voltage mode and a compensation impedance mode; when the line is required to adjust the active power flow of the line, selecting a compensation power mode; when the voltage at the tail end of the line is required to be adjusted, a compensation voltage mode is selected; when the short-circuit fault of the line is detected, the compensation impedance mode is selected.
Device scheme three, four: on the basis of the first and second device schemes, the method for inputting the distributed static series compensators required to be input according to the set time sequence comprises the following steps: the time required by the distributed static series compensator from the beginning of charging to the beginning of regulating the line power flow is used as a time interval, and a set number of distributed static series compensators are put into use in each time interval.
Device scheme five, six: on the basis of the device schemes three and four, the set number of distributed static series compensators put into each time interval is as follows:
wherein M isiSet number of distributed static series compensators to be engaged for the ith time interval, PcomLine power flow increase for each distributed static series compensator operating in a capacitive compensation mode after being put into operationAdded power, PchAbsorbed power for each distributed static series compensator in the charging phase, round (P)com/Pch) Represents a pair Pcom/PchRounding off, MxThe number of distributed static series compensators devoted to the previous xth time interval.
The device scheme seven, eight: on the basis of the first and second device schemes, the method for quitting the distributed static series compensator according to the set time sequence comprises the following steps: and each time the distributed static series compensator exits, the exit instruction of the next distributed static series compensator is issued after the exit instruction of the previous distributed static series compensator is issued and the set delay time is passed.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
in the switching process of the distributed static series compensator, the distributed static series compensator is controlled to be switched on and off in sequence, namely the distributed static series compensator is switched on or switched off according to the time sequence, so that the cluster control of the distributed static series compensator is realized, and the impact on the system in the switching process is effectively reduced.
The time required by the distributed static series compensators from the beginning of charging to the beginning of adjusting the line power flow is taken as a time interval, and a set number of distributed static series compensators are put into each time interval, namely the next batch of compensators are put into the previous batch of compensators after the beginning of adjusting the line power flow, so that the aim of reducing the impact on the system can be achieved at the same time on the premise of shortening the total time consumption in the putting process as much as possible.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a distributed static series compensator control system;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a control architecture of a system level controller;
FIG. 3 is a flow diagram of distributed static series compensator sequential retirement logic;
FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a topology of a distributed static series compensator;
fig. 5 is a block diagram of a control structure of the device-level controller.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The invention provides a distributed static series compensator control system, the structural schematic diagram of which is shown in fig. 1, and the distributed static series compensator control system comprises a system level controller and a device level controller, wherein each line is provided with the system level controller, and the system level controller is installed in a transformer substation; each Distributed Static Series Compensator (DSSC) in the line is configured with a device-level controller, and the device-level controller is installed within each DSSC device. The system-level controller is used for receiving a power system scheduling instruction, selecting a DSSC compensation mode according to the scheduling instruction, controlling the switching of the DSSCs of the line in a sequential switching mode, controlling the switching number of the DSSCs on the basis of improving the operation efficiency of the DSSCs, and distributing a control instruction to each DSSC; the device-level controller is used for receiving a control instruction of the system control layer and realizing the switching control of the DSSC according to the control instruction.
Since each DSSC is distributed on the line and is far away from the system-level controller, the system-level controller and the device-level controller are in communication connection in a wireless communication mode and are used for processing instructions to realize a control method of the distributed static series compensator, and the control method comprises the following steps:
(1) and selecting a compensation mode of the distributed static series compensator in the line according to the power system scheduling instruction and the line running state monitoring result.
That is, the system-level controller can realize the switching of a compensation power mode, a compensation voltage mode and a compensation impedance mode, and when the scheduling instruction requires the line to adjust the active power flow of the line, the compensation power mode is selected; when the dispatching instruction requires to adjust the voltage at the tail end of the line, selecting a compensation voltage mode; when the short-circuit fault of the line is detected, the compensation impedance mode is selected.
(2) Under the selected compensation mode, calculating the total compensation voltage U required to be output by the distributed static series compensator in the linerefAnd determining the number n of the distributed static series compensators needing to be invested in the line.
Wherein, in the compensated power mode, active commands P from the scheduling are transmitted, as shown in fig. 2refAnd line active sampling value PlineAfter the integral value of the voltage difference is calculated, the total compensation voltage U which should be output by all DSSCs of the line is calculated through a PI regulatorref(ii) a In the voltage compensation mode, a voltage command U to be compensated of the line from the scheduling is transmittedref_totAnd the sum U of the voltages actually output by all DSSCs of the linetotAfter the integral value of the voltage difference is calculated, the total compensation voltage U which should be output by all DSSCs of the line is calculated through a PI regulatorrefRealizing closed-loop control of the compensation voltage; in the impedance compensation mode, in order to effectively limit fault current, the maximum impedance of all DSSCs is controlled, and at the moment, the total compensation voltage U which should be output by all DSSCs of the line is controlledrefBy line current IlineAnd the maximum total impedance X which can be output by all DSSCsmaxAnd multiplying the two to obtain the product. In FIG. 2, TmFor the sampling delay, Kp is a proportional coefficient in the power compensation control mode, Ku is a proportional coefficient in the voltage compensation mode, Tp is an integration time constant in the power compensation mode, and Tu is an integration time constant in the voltage compensation mode.
In this embodiment, the number n of DSSCs to be invested is determined according to the following logic:
remember that each DSSC output voltage is above the voltage threshold UsetThe operation efficiency is higher; lower than UsetAt this time, the operating efficiency begins to decrease significantly. Note that each line has N DSSC units in total, where UsetThe result is obtained by the DSSC actual operation test. In the compensation power mode or the compensation voltage mode, when U is in the power-supply moderef/N>UsetIf N is N; when U is turnedref/N≤UsetThen n is taken to be not more than Uref/UsetIs the largest integer of (1), i.e. n ═ round (U)ref/Uset)，round(Uref/Uset) Is to U pairref/UsetAnd (6) taking the whole. In the impedance compensation mode, N is N. Therefore, the DSSC with each investment can be ensured to operate effectivelyThe higher rate state.
Total compensation voltage U that DSSC should outputrefDividing the number n of the DSSCs to be put into the DSSC unit to obtain the output voltage instruction U of each DSSC unit to be put into the DSSC unitref_sThe upper limit of the calculation result is the maximum value U of the voltage which can be output by each DSSCmax_sThe lower limit is the minimum value U of the voltage which can be output by each DSSCmin_s. The total number of the DSSCs of the line is N, the number of the DSSCs needing to be put into use is N, and the rest N-N DSSCs keep a bypass operation state.
(3) And sending a sequential switching instruction to the line distributed static series compensator according to the set logic, thereby avoiding larger harmonic distortion caused by the switching process of the DSSC.
When the DSSC is controlled to be put into use, in order to reduce the impact on the system caused in the DSSC putting-in and putting-out process, a DSSC sequential putting-in and putting-out control strategy is configured in the system-level controller, and the distributed static series compensators which need to be put into use are put into use according to a set time sequence, as shown in FIG. 3, the sequential putting-in logic is as follows:
the time required for each DSSC to regulate line current from the beginning of charging is recorded as TsEach T issAs an invested DSSC time interval, at the ith TsInterval input MiAnd (5) a DSSC. Controlling each DSSC to operate in a capacitive compensation mode after being put into use, increasing line power flow, and enabling each put-into DSSC to increase the line power flow by PcomLet P denote the power absorbed by each DSSC during the charging phasech. Wherein M isiThe calculation formula of (a) is as follows, and the upper limit is the total number of DSSCs yet to be invested:
wherein, round (P)com/Pch) Represents a pair Pcom/PchRounding to obtain an integer number, M, of inputs to the DSSCxThe number of distributed static series compensators devoted to the previous xth time interval.
In this embodiment, the topology of the distributed static series compensator is shown in FIG. 4, and comprises a single windingGroup coupling transformer, bypass switch SmAnd a single-phase full bridge inverter with a filter. After the device-level controller receives an input instruction of a system control layer, the bypass switch is controlled to be switched off, the DSSC is charged to operate, and the DSSC output voltage is controlled to track a compensation voltage instruction of the system control layer; and after an exit instruction of a system control layer is received, the bypass switch is controlled to be closed, and the full-bridge converter is locked, so that the DSSC is bypassed.
As shown in fig. 5, when the distributed static series compensator is put into operation, the voltage amplitude at the ac side and the voltage amplitude at the dc side of the converter are controlled, which is implemented by two independent control loops, namely an ac voltage closed loop and a dc voltage closed loop, respectively, and the specific steps are as follows:
1) line current i to the phase of the distributed static series compensatorlineSampling is carried out, and the phase theta of the sample is obtained by using a single-phase-locked loop.
2) Sampling the output voltage of the converter of the distributed static series compensator, and sampling the voltage value uoAs α axis voltage uαAnd a virtual orthogonal quantity, namely β axis voltage u, is constructed according to α axis voltageβ。
Specifically, by pairing uαTaking the inverse number after delaying 1/4 fundamental wave period to obtain the virtual orthogonal quantity uβ。
3) Relative to the phase theta, the voltage u is applied to the α shaftαAnd β Axis Voltage uβRotating to obtain d-axis voltage u under a rotating coordinate systemdAnd q-axis voltage uqThe calculation formula is as follows:
4) direct current voltage command
And a DC voltage sampling value udcAfter making difference, the difference is passed through a DC voltage PI regulator PIDCObtaining a d-axis voltage command under a rotating coordinate system
And d-axis voltage udAfter difference making, the d-axis voltage PI regulator PIudThen obtaining a d-axis modulation signal dd(ii) a Commanding output voltage U of DSSCref_sAnd q-axis voltage uqAfter difference making, the q-axis voltage PI regulator PIuqThen obtaining a q-axis modulation signal dq。
5) Modulating the d-axis with a signal ddAnd q-axis modulation signal dqAfter inverse rotation transformation, α axis modulation signal d under αβ coordinate system is obtainedαAnd β axis modulation signal dβAbandon dβUsing α axis modulation signal dαAnd performing PWM modulation as a final modulation wave to obtain a driving signal of a converter switching tube in the distributed static series compensator, thereby realizing the control of the DSSC output voltage.
When the DSSC is controlled to be switched on and off, the switched-in distributed static series compensators are quitted according to the set time sequence, and the sequence quitting logic is as follows: each time one DSSC exits, each DSSC exiting instruction is delayed for a set delay time T after the previous DSSC exiting instruction is sentcAnd then sent out again in seconds. Wherein T iscIs determined according to specific system parameters, and the determination principle is TcThe line voltage fluctuation caused by cutting off the next DSSC after the second is not larger than the line voltage fluctuation caused by cutting off the first DSSC.
The invention also provides a switching control device of the distributed static series compensator, which comprises a processor, wherein the processor is used for processing instructions to realize the following method:
selecting a compensation mode of a distributed static series compensator in a line according to a power system scheduling instruction and a line running state monitoring result;
and under the selected compensation mode, the distributed static series compensators needing to be put in are put in according to the set time sequence, and the distributed static series compensators are controlled to quit operation according to the set time sequence.
The core of the switching control device of the distributed static series compensator is a switching control method for realizing the distributed static series compensator in the line, and the switching control method for realizing the distributed static series compensator of the line is described in detail in the control method of the distributed static series compensator, so the switching control device of the distributed static series compensator is not repeated herein.
According to the invention, the quantity of the input DSSC can be effectively decided through the system-level controller, and the low-efficiency input operation of the DSSC is avoided; the DSSC is controlled to be sequentially switched on and off, so that the impact on the system in the switching on and off process is reduced; the DSSC AC output voltage and the DSSC DC voltage are simultaneously subjected to closed-loop control through the control of the device-level controller, so that the operation efficiency and the control accuracy of the DSSC are improved.
Claims (6)
1. A switching control method of a distributed static series compensator is characterized by comprising the following steps:
selecting a compensation mode of a distributed static series compensator in a line according to a power system scheduling instruction and a line running state monitoring result;
under the selected compensation mode, according to a scheduling instruction, obtaining the number of distributed static series compensators needing to be put into or quit under the instruction, putting the distributed static series compensators needing to be put into according to a set time sequence, and controlling the distributed static series compensators to quit operation according to the set time sequence;
the method for inputting the distributed static series compensators required to be input according to the set time sequence comprises the following steps: taking the time required by the distributed static series compensators from the beginning of charging to the beginning of regulating the line power flow as a time interval, and putting a set number of the distributed static series compensators in each time interval;
the set number of distributed static series compensators put into use at each time interval is:
wherein M isiArrangement of distributed static series compensators for the ith time intervalFixed number, PcomPower, P, for each distributed static series compensator to increase line current when put into operation in a capacitive compensation modechAbsorbed power for each distributed static series compensator in the charging phase, round (P)com/Pch) Represents a pair Pcom/PchRounding off, MxThe number of distributed static series compensators devoted to the previous xth time interval.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the compensation mode comprises a compensation power mode, a compensation voltage mode, and a compensation impedance mode; when the line is required to adjust the line active power flow, selecting a compensation power mode; when the voltage at the tail end of the line is required to be adjusted, a compensation voltage mode is selected; when the short-circuit fault of the line is detected, the compensation impedance mode is selected.
3. The method for controlling the tripping of the distributed static series compensator according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the method for tripping out the tripped distributed static series compensator according to the set time sequence comprises the following steps: and each time the distributed static series compensator exits, the exit instruction of the next distributed static series compensator is issued after the exit instruction of the previous distributed static series compensator is issued and the set delay time is passed.
4. A switching control device of a distributed static series compensator is characterized by comprising a processor, wherein the processor is used for processing instructions to realize the following method:
selecting a compensation mode of a distributed static series compensator in a line according to a power system scheduling instruction and a line running state monitoring result;
under the selected compensation mode, according to a scheduling instruction, obtaining the number of distributed static series compensators needing to be put into or quit under the instruction, putting the distributed static series compensators needing to be put into according to a set time sequence, and controlling the distributed static series compensators to quit operation according to the set time sequence;
the method for inputting the distributed static series compensators required to be input according to the set time sequence comprises the following steps: taking the time required by the distributed static series compensators from the beginning of charging to the beginning of regulating the line power flow as a time interval, and putting a set number of the distributed static series compensators in each time interval;
the set number of distributed static series compensators put into use at each time interval is:
wherein M isiSet number of distributed static series compensators to be engaged for the ith time interval, PcomPower, P, for each distributed static series compensator to increase line current when put into operation in a capacitive compensation modechAbsorbed power for each distributed static series compensator in the charging phase, round (P)com/Pch) Represents a pair Pcom/PchRounding off, MxThe number of distributed static series compensators devoted to the previous xth time interval.
5. The apparatus for controlling the switching of a distributed static series compensator according to claim 4, wherein the compensation mode comprises a compensation power mode, a compensation voltage mode and a compensation impedance mode; when the line is required to adjust the line active power flow, selecting a compensation power mode; when the voltage at the tail end of the line is required to be adjusted, a compensation voltage mode is selected; when the short-circuit fault of the line is detected, the compensation impedance mode is selected.
6. The apparatus for controlling commissioning/decommissioning of a distributed static series compensator according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the method for decommissioning the deployed distributed static series compensator in a predetermined chronological order comprises: and each time the distributed static series compensator exits, the exit instruction of the next distributed static series compensator is issued after the exit instruction of the previous distributed static series compensator is issued and the set delay time is passed.
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| CN103078320A (en) * | 2012-11-19 | 2013-05-01 | 国网智能电网研究院 | Method for treating high-voltage harmonic source |
| CN106655215A (en) * | 2017-01-18 | 2017-05-10 | 国网江苏省电力公司电力科学研究院 | Reactive power compensation equipment switch optimization method based on double-queue method for source network load |
| CN106786580A (en) * | 2016-12-12 | 2017-05-31 | 国网北京市电力公司 | Voltage compensating device |
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| CN103078320A (en) * | 2012-11-19 | 2013-05-01 | 国网智能电网研究院 | Method for treating high-voltage harmonic source |
| CN106786580A (en) * | 2016-12-12 | 2017-05-31 | 国网北京市电力公司 | Voltage compensating device |
| CN106655215A (en) * | 2017-01-18 | 2017-05-10 | 国网江苏省电力公司电力科学研究院 | Reactive power compensation equipment switch optimization method based on double-queue method for source network load |
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