CN107884287A - A kind of ground direct shear test device and method - Google Patents
A kind of ground direct shear test device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107884287A CN107884287A CN201711125133.1A CN201711125133A CN107884287A CN 107884287 A CN107884287 A CN 107884287A CN 201711125133 A CN201711125133 A CN 201711125133A CN 107884287 A CN107884287 A CN 107884287A
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- box
- down cut
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/24—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady shearing forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0001—Type of application of the stress
- G01N2203/0003—Steady
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0025—Shearing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
- G01N2203/0042—Pneumatic or hydraulic means
- G01N2203/0048—Hydraulic means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/025—Geometry of the test
- G01N2203/0252—Monoaxial, i.e. the forces being applied along a single axis of the specimen
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of ground direct shear test device and method, experimental rig includes shearing case assembly, charging assembly, bearing group and bearing roller daughter board, shearing case assembly includes upper shear box and the down cut box of mounted on top, charging assembly includes being arranged on the vertical loading device on the inside of shear box, and it is arranged on the horizontal loading device of shear box component side, bearing group is arranged between shear box and the down cut box, and bearing roller daughter board is arranged on below the down cut box.Ground direct shear test device provided by the present invention promotes down cut box to be moved along bearing roller daughter board by shearing actuating cylinder in the horizontal, and in the presence of upper shear box lower bearing group, shear crack does not change, and realizes fricton-tight friction between shear box and down cut box；Apparatus structure advantages of simple, efficiency high, simple operation, manufacturing cost are low, and stability and reliability are high, and actual application prospect is wide.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to rock mechanics technical field, more particularly, to a kind of ground direct shear test device and side
Method.
Background technology
Failure by shear is one of failure mode main in Geotechnical Engineering, and the unstability overwhelming majority of Geotechnical Engineering is by shearing
Caused by destroying, the anti-shear performance of Rock And Soil refers to the ability for the maximum shear stress that Rock And Soil can bear, and commonly uses shearing resistance
Intensive parameter describes, therefore the shear strength parameter of Accurate Determining Rock And Soil is significant in Geotechnical Engineering construction.
In the prior art, the assay method for the shear strength parameter commonly used both at home and abroad mainly includes triaxial test and staight scissors
Experiment, wherein, direct shear test gets parms conveniently because simple easily operated, and be widely used in Rock And Soil or even Rock And Soil and
The test of structures contact surface shear strength parameter.
At present, large geotechnical staight scissors equipment can use large dimension specimen to carry out direct shear test, improve to a certain extent
Soil boundary stress condition, and the test error caused by specimen size and boundary effect can be effectively reduced, there is weight
The scientific research wanted and engineering application value, however, not only cost is high, complicated for current large direct shear apparatus device, and fault rate
It is higher, it strongly limit the practical application effect of the kind equipment.
In summary, on the basis of the existing theory of testing and achievement in research, overcome in existing large direct shear apparatus device and deposited
The defects of, a kind of large-scale ground simple in construction, that experiment determination efficiency is high, simple operation and manufacturing cost are low of research and development is straight
Shear test device has important theoretical and practical significance to Geotechnical Engineering field.
The content of the invention
In view of the deficienciess of the prior art, the primary and foremost purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of ground direct shear test device.
Another object of the present invention is to provide the shearing strength using above-mentioned ground direct shear test device to test Rock And Soil
Method.
To reach above-mentioned purpose, the present invention uses following technical scheme：
A kind of ground direct shear test device, it is characterised in that including shearing case assembly, charging assembly, bearing group and carrying
Roller plate, the shearing case assembly include upper shear box and the down cut box of mounted on top, and the charging assembly includes being arranged on
Vertical loading device on the inside of the upper shear box, and it is arranged on the horizontal loading device of shear box component side, the axle
Hold group to be arranged between the upper shear box and the down cut box, the bearing roller daughter board is arranged under the down cut box
Side.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, the experimental rig also includes data acquisition and control assembly, the data acquisition with
Control assembly electrically connects with the vertical loading device and horizontal loading device respectively.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, the experimental rig also includes model backing plate, and the model backing plate is arranged on described hold
Carry below roller plate.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, the vertical loading device includes being arranged on the vertical loading on the inside of the upper shear box
Pressing plate and it is connected with the vertical loading pressing plate and applies the vertical load cylinder of vertical active force.
Preferably, in the above-mentioned technical solutions, the maximum static load and stroke of the vertical load cylinder are respectively
10000kN and 250mm.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, the horizontal loading device includes being connected to the main rigid top of the down cut box side wall
Head, the shearing actuating cylinder that down cut box side coordinates with the main rigidity top is arranged on, is connected to the upper shear box side
Wall and with it is described it is main rigidity top be oppositely arranged rigidly come directly towards, and be arranged on shear box side with it is described by rigid top
The passive oil cylinder of shearing that head coordinates.
Preferably, in the above-mentioned technical solutions, the maximum static load and stroke of the shearing actuating cylinder are respectively
10000kN and 250mm.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, the experimental rig also includes be connected the upper shear box with the down cut box
Latching.
The method that the present invention also provides the shearing strength using above-mentioned ground direct shear test device to test Rock And Soil, including：
S1, the upper shear box and down cut box alignd, stack fixation, and rock soil test piece to be measured is filled in upper shearing
In box and down cut box；
Upper shear box and down cut box after S2, mobile filling, vertical loading device and horizontal loading device is set to reach and cut
Cut the loading position of case assembly；
S3, by the vertical loading device to it is described shearing case assembly be loaded onto specified normal pressure, when stablizing one section
Between；
S4, by the horizontal loading device to it is described shearing case assembly by assigned rate loading；
S5, obtain test data and analyze the shearing strength that the rock soil test piece to be measured is calculated.
The invention has the advantages that：
(1) ground direct shear test device provided by the present invention holds Rock And Soil examination in upper shear box and down cut box
Sample, vertical load cylinder apply prestressing force by vertically loading pressing plate to top surface on the upper shear box, are led laterally across shearing
Dynamic oil cylinder pushing down cut box is moved along bearing roller daughter board, and in the presence of upper shear box lower bearing group, shearing
Crack does not change, and fricton-tight friction between upper shear box and down cut box, data acquisition and control in shear history
Component controlled loading process simultaneously gathers test data；
(2) ground direct shear test apparatus structure provided by the present invention is simple and reasonable in design, experiment determination efficiency is high, behaviour
Make that convenient, manufacturing cost is low, substantially increase the stability and reliability of direct shear test, it is medium-and-large-sized effectively to overcome prior art
The defects of direct shear test device, actual application prospect is wide.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of sectional view of the ground direct shear test device provided according to the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 regards for a kind of left side of the shearing case assembly of the ground direct shear test device provided according to the embodiment of the present invention
Figure；
In figure：Shear case assembly 1 (upper shear box 11, upper connecting portion 111, down cut box 12, lower connecting portion 121, latching
13), charging assembly 2 (vertical loading device 21, vertical to load pressing plate 211, vertical load cylinder 212, horizontal loading device 22,
Main rigidity top 221, shears actuating cylinder 222, is rigidly come directly towards 223, shear passive oil cylinder 224), bearing group 3, carrier roller
Plate 4, model backing plate 5.
Embodiment
With reference to specific embodiment, the embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.Following examples
The present invention is merely to illustrate, is not intended to limit the specific protection domain of the present invention.
In the description of the invention, unless otherwise indicated, " multiple " are meant that two or more；Term " on ",
" under ", "left", "right", " interior ", " outer ", " front end ", " rear end ", " head ", the orientation of the instruction such as " afterbody " or position relationship be
Based on orientation shown in the drawings or position relationship, it is for only for ease of and describes this practicality newly plough and simplified description, rather than instruction
Or imply that signified device or element must have specific orientation, with specific azimuth configuration and operation, therefore be not understood that
For limitation of the present invention.
In the description of the invention, it is necessary to which explanation, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " connected ", " connects
Connect " it should be interpreted broadly, for example, it may be being fixedly connected or being detachably connected, or it is integrally connected；Can be straight
Connect connected, can also be indirectly connected by intermediary.For the ordinary skill in the art, can be managed with concrete condition
Solve the concrete meaning of above-mentioned term in the present invention.
The direct shear test principle of ground is that in the vertical direction applies certain load, and applies horizontal applied force, when upper and lower
When the relative changing of the relative positions occurs for shear box, ground cuts damage, and now the shearing of ground is rock soil classifiction τf。
According to Coulomb's lawShearing strength is calculated, wherein, τfRefer to rock soil classifiction
(kPa), σ is the normal pressure (kPa) acted on shear surface,Refer to the internal friction angle (degree) of ground, c refers to the cohesive force of ground
(kPa)。
As shown in figure 1, the ground direct shear test device that the embodiment of the present invention is provided includes shearing case assembly 1, loading group
Part 2, bearing group 3, bearing roller daughter board 4, data acquisition and control assembly and model backing plate 5.
Specifically, as shown in Fig. 2 shearing case assembly 1 includes the upper shear box 11 and down cut box 12 of mounted on top, above cut
Cut box 11 and down cut box 12 stack after form a host cavity for being used to hold ground sample to be measured, in addition, in upper shear box
11 lateral wall is provided with upper connecting portion 111, correspondingly, lower connecting portion 121 is provided with the lateral wall of down cut box 12, and in upper company
Offer connecting hole and lower connecting hole in socket part and lower connecting portion respectively, upper shear box 11 and down cut box 12 are by by latching
Entirety is connected as after the 13 upper connecting holes of insertion and lower connecting hole, so as to ensure that the He of shear box 11 on during the vertical loading
Down cut box 12 does not relatively move.
In detail, above-mentioned shearing case assembly 1 is applicable to the staight scissors for the ground sample that size is 1500*1500*1500mm
Experiment.
Specifically, charging assembly 2 includes vertical loading device 21 and horizontal loading device 22, as shown in figure 1, vertical loading
Device 21 includes vertical loading pressing plate 211 and vertical load cylinder 212, and the vertical pressing plate 211 that loads is arranged on shear box 11
Inner side, vertical load cylinder 212 coordinate with vertical loading pressing plate 211, and apply vertical active force to vertical loading pressing plate 211；
Horizontal loading device 22 includes main rigidity and comes directly towards 221, shearing actuating cylinder 222, by rigidly top 223 and the passive oil cylinder of shearing
224, main rigidity top 221 is arranged on the outside side wall of down cut box 12, and shearing actuating cylinder 222 is arranged on down cut box 12
Side, and coordinate with main rigidity top 221, horizontal force is applied to main rigidity top 221, is arranged on by rigidly top 223
The outside side wall of upper shear box 11, and be oppositely arranged with main rigidity top 221, shear passive oil cylinder 224 and be arranged on shear box
11 side, and with being coordinated by rigidly top 223, to applying horizontal force by rigidly top 223.
In detail, the maximum static load and stroke of vertical load cylinder 212 and shearing actuating cylinder 222 are respectively
10000kN and 250mm.
Specifically, bearing group 3 is arranged between shear box 11 and down cut box 12, to ensure ground direct shear test mistake
Shear crack is constant in journey and fricton-tight friction between upper shear box 11 and down cut box 12.
In addition, bearing roller daughter board 4 and model backing plate 6 are successively set on the lower section of down cut box 12, carrier roller from top to down
Down cut box 12 can be moved along bearing roller daughter board 4 during ground direct shear test can be effectively ensured in plate 4.
Specifically, data acquisition electrically connects with vertical loading device 21 and horizontal loading device 22 respectively with control assembly
Connect, provide loading signal to vertical loading device 21 and horizontal loading device 22 and apply loading capacity respectively, tried in ground staight scissors
During testing, test data is gathered using data acquisition and control assembly, and ground sample to be measured is calculated by analysis
Shear strength.
In addition, the method that the embodiment of the present invention additionally provides the shearing strength using above-mentioned experimental rig test Rock And Soil,
Specifically include following steps：
S1, the upper shear box 11 and down cut box 12 alignd, stack fixation, and rock soil test piece to be measured is filled in
In shear box 11 and down cut box 12；
Upper shear box 11 and down cut box 12 after S2, mobile filling, make vertical loading device 21 and horizontal loading device
22 reach the loading position of shearing case assemblies 1, and by latching insert upper shear box 11 upper connecting hole and with down cut box 12
In lower connecting hole；
S3, specified normal pressure is loaded onto to above-mentioned shearing case assembly 1 by above-mentioned vertical loading device 21, stablizes one section
Time；
S4, by above-mentioned horizontal loading device 22 to above-mentioned shearing case assembly 1 by assigned rate load, in lateral shear
When, the latching of above-mentioned upper shear box 11 and down cut box 12 is taken out first, by acting on the shearing of down cut box 12 actively
Oil cylinder 222 applies at thrust to the main rigidity top 221 of the side wall of down cut box 12, in the presence of lateral thrust, is cut under above-mentioned
Box 12 is cut to be moved along bearing roller daughter board 4；
S5, the loading capacity for controlling by data acquisition and control assembly vertical loading device 21 and horizontal loading device 22,
And it is loaded according to assigned rate, finally calculated according to experimental data and analyze the shearing strength for drawing rock soil test piece.
The ground direct shear test device that the embodiment of the present invention is provided in upper shear box and down cut box by holding rock
Soil body sample, vertical load cylinder apply prestressing force by vertically loading pressing plate to top surface on the upper shear box, laterally across
Shearing actuating cylinder promotes down cut box to be moved along bearing roller daughter board, and in the effect of upper shear box lower bearing group
Under, shear crack does not change, and fricton-tight friction between upper shear box and down cut box, the data acquisition in shear history
With control assembly controlled loading process and gathering test data；The ground direct shear test apparatus structure provided is simple and design is closed
Reason, experiment determination efficiency height, simple operation, manufacturing cost are low, substantially increase the stability and reliability of direct shear test, effectively
The defects of overcoming prior art medium-and-large-sized direct shear test device, actual application prospect is wide.
Finally, the preferred embodiment of the present invention is these are only, is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.It is all this
Within the spirit and principle of invention, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc., the protection model of the present invention should be included in
Within enclosing.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of ground direct shear test device, it is characterised in that including shearing case assembly, charging assembly, bearing group and bearing roller
Daughter board, the shearing case assembly include upper shear box and the down cut box of mounted on top, and the charging assembly includes being arranged on institute
The vertical loading device on the inside of shear box is stated, and is arranged on the horizontal loading device of shear box component side, the bearing
Group is arranged between the upper shear box and the down cut box, and the bearing roller daughter board is arranged on below the down cut box.
2. experimental rig according to claim 1, it is characterised in that also including data acquisition and control assembly, the number
Electrically connected respectively with the vertical loading device and horizontal loading device with control assembly according to collection.
3. experimental rig according to claim 1, it is characterised in that also set including model backing plate, the model backing plate
Below the bearing roller daughter board.
4. according to the experimental rig described in claim any one of 1-3, it is characterised in that the vertical loading device includes setting
Vertical loading pressing plate on described on the inside of shear box and be connected with the vertical loading pressing plate and apply erecting for vertical active force
To load cylinder.
5. experimental rig according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the maximum static load of the vertical load cylinder and
Stroke is respectively 10000kN and 250mm.
6. according to the experimental rig described in claim any one of 1-3, it is characterised in that the horizontal loading device includes connection
In the main rigidity top of the down cut box side wall, the shearing master that down cut box side coordinates with the main rigidity top is arranged on
Dynamic oil cylinder, it is connected to the upper shear box side wall and is rigidly come directly towards with what the main rigidity top was oppositely arranged, and sets
The passive oil cylinder of shearing coordinated is come directly towards by rigidity with described in upper shear box side.
7. experimental rig according to claim 6, it is characterised in that it is described shearing actuating cylinder maximum static load and
Stroke is respectively 10000kN and 250mm.
8. experimental rig according to claim 1, it is characterised in that also include the upper shear box and the down cut
The latching of box connection.
9. the method for the shearing strength using the experimental rig test Rock And Soil described in claim any one of 1-8, its feature exist
In, including：
S1, the upper shear box and down cut box alignd, stack fixation, and by rock soil test piece to be measured be filled in upper shear box and
In down cut box；
Upper shear box and down cut box after S2, mobile filling, makes vertical loading device and horizontal loading device reach shear box
The loading position of component；
S3, specified normal pressure is loaded onto to the shearing case assembly by the vertical loading device, stable a period of time；
S4, by the horizontal loading device to it is described shearing case assembly by assigned rate loading；
S5, obtain test data and analyze the shearing strength that the rock soil test piece to be measured is calculated.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711125133.1A CN107884287A (en) | 2017-11-14 | 2017-11-14 | A kind of ground direct shear test device and method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711125133.1A CN107884287A (en) | 2017-11-14 | 2017-11-14 | A kind of ground direct shear test device and method |
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Family
ID=61776654
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Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108318354A (en) * | 2018-05-03 | 2018-07-24 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Shear box, stress test method and device |
| CN108362579A (en) * | 2018-05-25 | 2018-08-03 | 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Portable rock mass direct shearing test device |
| CN109855985A (en) * | 2018-12-19 | 2019-06-07 | 重庆交通大学 | Multiphase soil stone medium clipper destroys resistivity responding characteristics experimental rig and method |
| CN110530724A (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2019-12-03 | 兰州理工大学 | A kind of rock soil medium tensile-sbear strength method for testing and analyzing |
| WO2020087715A1 (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2020-05-07 | 山东科技大学 | Testing device and method for performing progressive failure simulation on mining-affected rock mass |
| CN111398014A (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2020-07-10 | 河海大学 | Correction method for shear-type fracture test of magnetic suspension soil body |
| CN111458238A (en) * | 2020-04-09 | 2020-07-28 | 中南林业科技大学 | Assembled rock-soil body slope in-situ direct shear test device and method |
| CN112129589A (en) * | 2020-09-07 | 2020-12-25 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Radon gas release amount measuring device and method in rock shearing and breaking process |
| CN113281194A (en) * | 2021-05-21 | 2021-08-20 | 东北大学 | Shear box device suitable for rock full stress space is loaded |
| CN113514348A (en) * | 2021-07-10 | 2021-10-19 | 厦门华岩勘测设计有限公司 | Four-linkage direct shear apparatus and use method thereof |
| CN113533088A (en) * | 2021-07-30 | 2021-10-22 | 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Strain control type on-site direct shear test equipment and method |
| CN113624591A (en) * | 2021-09-06 | 2021-11-09 | 贵州省水利水电勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Direct shear tester |
| CN116793861A (en) * | 2023-08-28 | 2023-09-22 | 安徽建筑大学 | Irregular rock mass shear test device |
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Cited By (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108318354A (en) * | 2018-05-03 | 2018-07-24 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Shear box, stress test method and device |
| CN108362579A (en) * | 2018-05-25 | 2018-08-03 | 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Portable rock mass direct shearing test device |
| WO2020087715A1 (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2020-05-07 | 山东科技大学 | Testing device and method for performing progressive failure simulation on mining-affected rock mass |
| CN109855985A (en) * | 2018-12-19 | 2019-06-07 | 重庆交通大学 | Multiphase soil stone medium clipper destroys resistivity responding characteristics experimental rig and method |
| CN110530724A (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2019-12-03 | 兰州理工大学 | A kind of rock soil medium tensile-sbear strength method for testing and analyzing |
| CN111398014A (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2020-07-10 | 河海大学 | Correction method for shear-type fracture test of magnetic suspension soil body |
| CN111458238A (en) * | 2020-04-09 | 2020-07-28 | 中南林业科技大学 | Assembled rock-soil body slope in-situ direct shear test device and method |
| CN112129589B (en) * | 2020-09-07 | 2021-05-25 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Radon gas release amount measuring device and method in rock shearing and breaking process |
| CN112129589A (en) * | 2020-09-07 | 2020-12-25 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Radon gas release amount measuring device and method in rock shearing and breaking process |
| CN113281194A (en) * | 2021-05-21 | 2021-08-20 | 东北大学 | Shear box device suitable for rock full stress space is loaded |
| CN113514348A (en) * | 2021-07-10 | 2021-10-19 | 厦门华岩勘测设计有限公司 | Four-linkage direct shear apparatus and use method thereof |
| CN113514348B (en) * | 2021-07-10 | 2024-07-12 | 厦门华岩勘测设计有限公司 | Four-linkage direct shear apparatus and use method thereof |
| CN113533088A (en) * | 2021-07-30 | 2021-10-22 | 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Strain control type on-site direct shear test equipment and method |
| CN113533088B (en) * | 2021-07-30 | 2023-08-18 | 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Strain control type on-site direct shear test equipment and method |
| CN113624591A (en) * | 2021-09-06 | 2021-11-09 | 贵州省水利水电勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Direct shear tester |
| CN116793861A (en) * | 2023-08-28 | 2023-09-22 | 安徽建筑大学 | Irregular rock mass shear test device |
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Application publication date: 20180406 |