CN107879825A - A kind of environment-friendly fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of environment-friendly fertilizer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN107879825A CN107879825A CN201711447126.3A CN201711447126A CN107879825A CN 107879825 A CN107879825 A CN 107879825A CN 201711447126 A CN201711447126 A CN 201711447126A CN 107879825 A CN107879825 A CN 107879825A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G69/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G69/48—Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of environment-friendly fertilizer, is prepared by the raw material blending of following weight parts：Phosphate modified 60 70 parts of poly-aspartate, 10 15 parts of potassium borate, 10 15 parts of ammonium phosphate, 25 parts of polyvinyl alcohol.The preparation method of the phosphate modified poly-aspartate includes phosphate grafting poly-aspartate and carries out the steps such as ion exchange with sodium humate solution.Fertilizer melt blending in double screw extruder by the raw material, extrusion molding, pelletizing after cooling, that is, environment-friendly fertilizer is made；It is low that environment-friendly fertilizer disclosed by the invention overcomes existing conventional fertilizers effective rate of utilization, is lost in fast, and wastage is big, and cost is high and can cause the technical barrier of environmental pollution, has sustained release effect, fertilizer efficiency is more notable, and green.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural fertilizer technical field, more particularly to a kind of environment-friendly fertilizer and its preparation with slow-release function
Method.
Background technology
It is increasing to the demand of grain with the continuous growth of population in the world quantity, in the production process of grain,
Fertilizer is essential, and all plants such as the crops of existing artificial cultivation, vegetables, fruit tree, green crop, shrub, trees exist
Fertilizer is all be unable to do without during growth, China is a large agricultural country, and a fertilizer application big country, and existing is used
It is all chemical fertilizer that fertilizer is most of.Chemical fertilizer in being manured into soil at present only has 20%~30% to be absorbed by this season crop, for a long time
Chemical fertilizer largely is applied, such as soil acidification can be triggered, hardened, fertility declines, Nitrate content in ground water is exceeded and atmosphere pollution, water
A series of serious ecological environment problems such as body eutrophication.The negative effect brought these a large amount of administrations because of fertilizer by
Gradually cause the extensive concern of people.
Traditional fertilizer effective rate of utilization is low, is lost in soon, wastage is big, can not thoroughly solve soil hardening and underground water source is big
The pollution problem of gas soil.Meanwhile its nutritional ingredient is few, the nutrient needed for crop growth can not be supplied comprehensively.
Fertilizer leaching loss and runoff, volatilization are the main paths of chemical fertilizer loss.On the one hand chemical fertilizer loss reduces its utilization rate, on the other hand
Cause the environmental pollutions such as surface water, underground water and air.
Therefore, need badly in the industry and develop a kind of environment-friendly fertilizer that can alleviate/control nutrients release, to improve the utilization of chemical fertilizer
Rate, dissolution velocity of the control fertilizer in soil, reaches sustained release, extends the effect of fertilizer efficiency, at the same time, reduces caused by chemical fertilizer
Environmental pollution.
The content of the invention
The goal of the invention of the present invention is to provide a kind of environment-friendly fertilizer and preparation method thereof, and the preparation method is simple and easy, right
Equipment requirement is not high, and raw material is easy to get, and convenient post-treatment is cheap, is adapted to large-scale production；The environment-friendly fertilizer gram being prepared
It is low to have taken existing conventional fertilizers effective rate of utilization, has been lost in soon, wastage is big, and cost is high and the technology of environmental pollution can be caused difficult
Topic.
To achieve the above object of the invention, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：A kind of environment-friendly fertilizer, by following weight parts
Raw material blending is prepared：Phosphate modified poly-aspartate 60-70 parts, potassium borate 10-15 parts, ammonium phosphate 10-15 parts, poly- second
Enol 2-5 parts；
Wherein, the preparation method of the phosphate modified poly-aspartate, comprises the following steps：
1) phosphate grafting poly-aspartate：Poly-aspartate and three (2- chloroethyls) phosphite esters are mixed, and in 30-
Stirring reaction 3-5 hours at 40 DEG C, with ether washed product 3-5 times, after at normal temperatures revolving remove solvent；
2) ion exchange：The phosphate grafting poly-aspartate being prepared by step 1) is added to 50-60 DEG C
40-50 hours are stirred in the sodium humate solution that mass fraction is 10-20%, water then is evaporated off in 80-90 DEG C of backspin, is used in combination
Water washing product 4-6 times, water finally is evaporated off in 80-90 DEG C of backspin again；
Poly-aspartate described in step 1), the mass ratio of three (2- chloroethyls) phosphite esters are 2~4：5；
Phosphate modified poly-aspartate described in step 2), the mass ratio of sodium humate solution are 1：20~50；
The preparation method of environment-friendly fertilizer of the present invention, comprises the following steps：
1) phosphate modified poly-aspartate, potassium borate, ammonium phosphate, polyvinyl alcohol are added to height according to described ratio
After being stirred 25-32 minutes in fast mixer with 1200-1400 revs/min of mixing velocity, then done at a temperature of 35-40 DEG C
Dry 10~l5 hours, blend composition is made；
2) by the blend composition of system input double screw extruder, its ten sections of temperature are respectively 101-105 DEG C, 101-105 DEG C,
106-110℃、106-110℃、111-115℃、111-115℃、116-120℃、116-120℃、116-120℃、106-111
DEG C, melt blending 15-20 minutes, extrusion molding, pelletizing after cooling, that is, environment-friendly fertilizer is made.
Because above-mentioned technical proposal is used, the present invention has following advantages compared with prior art：
(1) environment-friendly fertilizer low in raw material price disclosed by the invention, cost is low, and preparation method is simple and easy, will to equipment
Ask not high, be adapted to large-scale production.
(2) environment-friendly fertilizer disclosed by the invention, containing degradation material modified polyaspartic acid structure, it can alleviate/control
Fertilizer nutrient release processed, to improve the utilization rate of fertilizer, dissolution velocity of the control fertilizer in soil, reach sustained release, extend fertilizer
The effect of effect, at the same time, fertilizer largely environmental pollution caused by loss can be reduced.
(3) environment-friendly fertilizer disclosed by the invention, simultaneously containing nutrients such as N/P/B/K, improve single in the prior art
Fertilizers nutritional ingredient is few, can not supply the technical problem of the nutrient needed for crop growth comprehensively.
(4) environment-friendly fertilizer disclosed by the invention fixes humic acid by ionic bond, and phosphate ester structure is introduced by covalent bond,
These functional components are connected by the poly-aspartate of degradability, there is obvious drought resisting, insect pest, hot-dry wind tolerance, cold-resistant
Freeze proof, lodging-prevention etc. acts on；On the other hand, acted synergistically with the polyvinyl alcohol of addition and improve crop quality, improved soil structure,
Promote the formation of soil granular structure, recover soil over-burden and chemical contamination and the balance that loses, be advantageous to crop root
Growth, improve farmland ecological environment.
Embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the invention will be further described：
Embodiment 1
A kind of environment-friendly fertilizer, it is prepared by the raw material blending of following weight parts：Phosphate modified 60 parts of poly-aspartate,
10 parts of potassium borate, 10 parts of ammonium phosphate, 2 parts of polyvinyl alcohol；
Wherein, the preparation method of the phosphate modified poly-aspartate, comprises the following steps：
1) phosphate grafting poly-aspartate：Poly-aspartate 200g and three (2- chloroethyls) phosphite ester 500g are mixed
Close, and stirring reaction 3 hours at 30 DEG C, with ether washed product 3 times, after at normal temperatures revolving remove solvent；
2) ion exchange：The phosphate grafting poly-aspartate 500g being prepared by step 1) is added to 50 DEG C
Mass fraction is to be stirred 40 hours in 20% sodium humate solution 10000g, water then is evaporated off in 80 DEG C of backspins, and use water
Washed product 4 times, water finally is evaporated off in 80 DEG C of backspins again；
The preparation method of environment-friendly fertilizer of the present invention, comprises the following steps：
1) phosphate modified poly-aspartate, potassium borate, ammonium phosphate, polyvinyl alcohol are added to height according to described ratio
After being stirred 25 minutes in fast mixer with 1200 revs/min of mixing velocity, then dried 10 hours at a temperature of 35 DEG C, system
Obtain blend composition；
2) by the blend composition of system input double screw extruder, its ten sections of temperature are respectively 101 DEG C, 101 DEG C, 106 DEG C,
106 DEG C, 111 DEG C, 111 DEG C, 116 DEG C, 116 DEG C, 116 DEG C, 106 DEG C, melt blending 15 minutes, extrusion molding, pelletizing after cooling,
Environment-friendly fertilizer is made.
Embodiment 2
A kind of environment-friendly fertilizer, it is prepared by the raw material blending of following weight parts：Phosphate modified 63 parts of poly-aspartate,
12 parts of potassium borate, 12 parts of ammonium phosphate, 3 parts of polyvinyl alcohol；
Wherein, the preparation method of the phosphate modified poly-aspartate, comprises the following steps：
1) phosphate grafting poly-aspartate：Poly-aspartate 300g and three (2- chloroethyls) phosphite ester 500g are mixed
Close, and stirring reaction 4 hours at 33 DEG C, with ether washed product 4 times, after at normal temperatures revolving remove solvent；
2) ion exchange：The phosphate grafting poly-aspartate 500g being prepared by step 1) is added to 53 DEG C
Mass fraction is to be stirred 44 hours in 13% sodium humate solution 15000g, water then is evaporated off in 84 DEG C of backspins, and use water
Washed product 5 times, water finally is evaporated off in 85 DEG C of backspins again；
The preparation method of environment-friendly fertilizer of the present invention, comprises the following steps：
1) phosphate modified poly-aspartate, potassium borate, ammonium phosphate, polyvinyl alcohol are added to height according to described ratio
After being stirred 28 minutes in fast mixer with 1300 revs/min of mixing velocity, then dried 13 hours at a temperature of 38 DEG C, system
Obtain blend composition；
2) by the blend composition of system input double screw extruder, its ten sections of temperature are respectively 103 DEG C, 104 DEG C, 107 DEG C,
108 DEG C, 113 DEG C, 114 DEG C, 118 DEG C, 119 DEG C, 120 DEG C, 108 DEG C, melt blending 17 minutes, extrusion molding, pelletizing after cooling,
Environment-friendly fertilizer is made.
Embodiment 3
A kind of environment-friendly fertilizer, it is prepared by the raw material blending of following weight parts：Phosphate modified 65 parts of poly-aspartate,
14 parts of potassium borate, 13 parts of ammonium phosphate, 4 parts of polyvinyl alcohol；
Wherein, the preparation method of the phosphate modified poly-aspartate, comprises the following steps：
1) phosphate grafting poly-aspartate：Poly-aspartate 350g and three (2- chloroethyls) phosphite ester 500g are mixed
Close, and stirring reaction 4.5 hours at 38 DEG C, with ether washed product 5 times, after at normal temperatures revolving remove solvent；
2) ion exchange：The phosphate grafting poly-aspartate 500g being prepared by step 1) is added to 58 DEG C
Mass fraction is to be stirred 47 hours in 18% sodium humate solution 20000g, water then is evaporated off in 86 DEG C of backspins, and use water
Washed product 6 times, water finally is evaporated off in 87 DEG C of backspins again；
The preparation method of environment-friendly fertilizer of the present invention, comprises the following steps：
1) phosphate modified poly-aspartate, potassium borate, ammonium phosphate, polyvinyl alcohol are added to height according to described ratio
After being stirred 30 minutes in fast mixer with 1250 revs/min of mixing velocity, then dried 15 hours at a temperature of 39 DEG C, system
Obtain blend composition；
2) by the blend composition of system input double screw extruder, its ten sections of temperature are respectively 104 DEG C, 105 DEG C, 107 DEG C,
108 DEG C, 113 DEG C, 115 DEG C, 118 DEG C, 119 DEG C, 119 DEG C, 109 DEG C, melt blending 19 minutes, extrusion molding, pelletizing after cooling,
Environment-friendly fertilizer is made.
Embodiment 4
A kind of environment-friendly fertilizer, it is prepared by the raw material blending of following weight parts：Phosphate modified 68 parts of poly-aspartate,
14 parts of potassium borate, 15 parts of ammonium phosphate, 4 parts of polyvinyl alcohol；
Wherein, the preparation method of the phosphate modified poly-aspartate, comprises the following steps：
1) phosphate grafting poly-aspartate：Poly-aspartate 380g and three (2- chloroethyls) phosphite ester 500g are mixed
Close, and stirring reaction 4.8 hours at 40 DEG C, with ether washed product 5 times, after at normal temperatures revolving remove solvent；
2) ion exchange：The phosphate grafting poly-aspartate 500g being prepared by step 1) is added to 59 DEG C
Mass fraction is to be stirred 48 hours in 19% sodium humate solution 21000g, water then is evaporated off in 88 DEG C of backspins, and use water
Washed product 6 times, water finally is evaporated off in 88 DEG C of backspins again；
The preparation method of environment-friendly fertilizer of the present invention, comprises the following steps：
1) phosphate modified poly-aspartate, potassium borate, ammonium phosphate, polyvinyl alcohol are added to height according to described ratio
After being stirred 31 minutes in fast mixer with 1350 revs/min of mixing velocity, then dried 15 hours at a temperature of 38 DEG C, system
Obtain blend composition；
2) by the blend composition of system input double screw extruder, its ten sections of temperature are respectively 103 DEG C, 105 DEG C, 110 DEG C,
110 DEG C, 113 DEG C, 114 DEG C, 118 DEG C, 120 DEG C, 120 DEG C, 110 DEG C, melt blending 20 minutes, extrusion molding, pelletizing after cooling,
Environment-friendly fertilizer is made.
Embodiment 5
A kind of environment-friendly fertilizer, it is prepared by the raw material blending of following weight parts：Phosphate modified 70 parts of poly-aspartate,
15 parts of potassium borate, 15 parts of ammonium phosphate, 5 parts of polyvinyl alcohol；
Wherein, the preparation method of the phosphate modified poly-aspartate, comprises the following steps：
1) phosphate grafting poly-aspartate：Poly-aspartate 400g and three (2- chloroethyls) phosphite ester 500g are mixed
Close, and stirring reaction 5 hours at 40 DEG C, with ether washed product 5 times, after at normal temperatures revolving remove solvent；
2) ion exchange：The phosphate grafting poly-aspartate 500g being prepared by step 1) is added to 60 DEG C
Mass fraction is to be stirred 50 hours in 20% sodium humate solution 25000g, water then is evaporated off in 90 DEG C of backspins, and use water
Washed product 6 times, water finally is evaporated off in 90 DEG C of backspins again；
The preparation method of environment-friendly fertilizer of the present invention, comprises the following steps：
1) phosphate modified poly-aspartate, potassium borate, ammonium phosphate, polyvinyl alcohol are added to height according to described ratio
After being stirred 32 minutes in fast mixer with 1400 revs/min of mixing velocity, then l5 hours are dried at a temperature of 40 DEG C, system
Obtain blend composition；
2) by the blend composition of system input double screw extruder, its ten sections of temperature are respectively 105 DEG C, 105 DEG C, 110 DEG C,
110 DEG C, 115 DEG C, 115 DEG C, 120 DEG C, 120 DEG C, 120 DEG C, 111 DEG C, melt blending 20 minutes, extrusion molding, pelletizing after cooling,
Environment-friendly fertilizer is made.
Comparative example 1
A kind of environment-friendly fertilizer, it is prepared by the raw material blending of following weight parts：70 parts of poly-aspartate, potassium borate 15
Part, 15 parts of ammonium phosphate, 5 parts of polyvinyl alcohol；Preparation method is the same as embodiment 1.
Comparative example 2
Commercially available Common compound fertilizer.
Fertilizer obtained by above-described embodiment 1-5 and comparative example 1-2 is tested, test result is shown in Table 1, and method of testing is such as
Under：
1) fertilizer efficiency is tested：Embodiment and comparative example fertilizer, dose 30kg/ are applied respectively to identical regional milpa
Mu, corn growth situation is observed after corn maturation and soil property is tested；
2) slow release effect is tested：10g fertilizer is dipped in 200mL distilled water respectively, and with preservative film seal vessel port in
In 30 DEG C of insulating boxs.Water sampling after 20 hours, to determine organic compounds containing nitrogen content in water.The measure of organic compounds containing nitrogen
It is to be reacted with Paul Ehrlich (Ehrlieh) for principle：Various organic compounds containing nitrogens can manifest with paradime thylaminobenzaldehyde effect
Lemon yellow, organic compounds containing nitrogen content in solution is measured by ultraviolet specrophotometer.The calculating of its release rate such as public affairs
Formula：Ammonium phosphate initial content × 100% in ammonium phosphate content/sample in release rate (%)=solution.
The embodiment of table 1 and comparative example fertilizer efficiency and slow release effect
As can be seen from the above table, when the embodiment of the present invention is as fertilizer, corn per mu yield exists in 698-740kg, disease pest rate
2.0-3.4%, active soil organic matter delays release rate in 68-83% in 6.7-7.2g/kg, and common fertilizer corn per mu yield
In 580kg, for disease pest rate 8.5%, active soil organic matter delays release rate 100%, it is seen then that the present invention is implemented in 3.1g/kg
Fertilizer disclosed in example has the effect of slow release fertilizer notable, and fertilizer efficiency is obvious, and has more excellent insect pest ability, conditioned soil
Earth ability.By being modified poly-aspartate, be advantageous to increase per mu yield, reduce disease pest rate, improved soil and enhancing are slow
Release effect.
Claims (5)
- A kind of 1. environment-friendly fertilizer, it is characterised in that：It is prepared by the raw material blending of following weight parts：Phosphate modified poly- asparagus fern Propylhomoserin 60-70 parts, potassium borate 10-15 parts, ammonium phosphate 10-15 parts, polyvinyl alcohol 2-5 parts.
- 2. environment-friendly fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The preparation side of the phosphate modified poly-aspartate Method, comprise the following steps：1) phosphate grafting poly-aspartate：Poly-aspartate and three (2- chloroethyls) phosphite esters are mixed, and at 30-40 DEG C Lower stirring reaction 3-5 hours, with ether washed product 3-5 times, after at normal temperatures revolving remove solvent；2) ion exchange：The phosphate grafting poly-aspartate being prepared by step 1) is added to 50-60 DEG C of quality 40-50 hours are stirred in the sodium humate solution that fraction is 10-20%, water then are evaporated off in 80-90 DEG C of backspin, and be washed with water Wash product 4-6 times, water finally is evaporated off in 80-90 DEG C of backspin again.
- 3. environment-friendly fertilizer according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：Poly-aspartate described in step 1), three (2- chloroethenes Base) phosphite ester mass ratio be 2~4：5.
- 4. environment-friendly fertilizer according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：Phosphate modified poly- asparagus fern ammonia described in step 2) Acid, the mass ratio of sodium humate solution are 1：20~50.
- 5. according to the environment-friendly fertilizer described in claim any one of 1-4, it is characterised in that：The preparation method of the environment-friendly fertilizer, Comprise the following steps：1) phosphate modified poly-aspartate, potassium borate, ammonium phosphate, polyvinyl alcohol are added to according to described ratio mixed at a high speed After being stirred 25-32 minutes in conjunction machine with 1200-1400 revs/min of mixing velocity, then 10 are dried at a temperature of 35-40 DEG C ~l5 hours, blend composition is made；2) by the blend composition input double screw extruder of system, its ten sections of temperature are respectively 101-105 DEG C, 101-105 DEG C, 106- 110 DEG C, 106-110 DEG C, 111-115 DEG C, 111-115 DEG C, 116-120 DEG C, 116-120 DEG C, 116-120 DEG C, 106-111 DEG C, Melt blending 15-20 minutes, extrusion molding, pelletizing after cooling, that is, environment-friendly fertilizer is made.
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| CN201711447126.3A CN107879825A (en) | 2017-12-27 | 2017-12-27 | A kind of environment-friendly fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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| CN201711447126.3A CN107879825A (en) | 2017-12-27 | 2017-12-27 | A kind of environment-friendly fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112374943A (en) * | 2020-12-01 | 2021-02-19 | 甘肃省农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Soil activator and preparation method thereof |
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| CN112374943A (en) * | 2020-12-01 | 2021-02-19 | 甘肃省农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Soil activator and preparation method thereof |
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