CN107834928B - 内燃机车异步电机磁链给定方法 - Google Patents

内燃机车异步电机磁链给定方法 Download PDF

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CN107834928B
CN107834928B CN201711186451.9A CN201711186451A CN107834928B CN 107834928 B CN107834928 B CN 107834928B CN 201711186451 A CN201711186451 A CN 201711186451A CN 107834928 B CN107834928 B CN 107834928B
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bus voltage
flux linkage
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霍雨翔
于森林
邹会杰
李学亮
高永军
詹哲军
牛剑博
张吉斌
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CRRC Yongji Electric Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P21/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of electric machines by vector control, e.g. by control of field orientation
    • H02P21/14—Estimation or adaptation of machine parameters, e.g. flux, current or voltage
    • H02P21/141—Flux estimation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P21/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of electric machines by vector control, e.g. by control of field orientation
    • H02P21/22—Current control, e.g. using a current control loop
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P25/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details
    • H02P25/02—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details characterised by the kind of motor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P2207/00—Indexing scheme relating to controlling arrangements characterised by the type of motor
    • H02P2207/01—Asynchronous machines
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility

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  • Control Of Ac Motors In General (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及电机磁链给定技术，具体为内燃机车异步电机磁链给定方法。解决现有内燃机车异步电机磁链给定方法中由实际母线电压偏低所导致的矢量控制中电流环PI项饱和的问题。该磁链给定方法是由如下步骤实现的：（一）任一频率fr点在额定频率f2点以上时；（二）任一频率fr点在额定频率f2点与低速区与中速区的切换频率f1点之间时；（三）任一频率fr点在低速区与中速区的切换频率f1点与零之间时。本发明所述的磁链给定方法能够实现异步电机在母线电压偏低时降低磁链，达到防止电流环PI项饱和的目的。

Description

内燃机车异步电机磁链给定方法
技术领域
本发明涉及电机磁链给定技术，具体为内燃机车异步电机磁链给定方法。
背景技术
内燃机车牵引***主要由主辅发电机、牵引整流柜、牵引逆变柜、牵引电机组成。整车控制单元按照司控器手柄档位控制主辅发电机励磁电流和柴油机转速输出三相交流电压，经牵引整流器输出直流电压，由逆变器变换成三相频率电压可调交流电压，向牵引电机供电，从而完成牵引控制。
内燃机车根据不同的手柄档位和电机转速建立不同的直流母线电压。直流母线电压在大范围内变化给异步电机控制的磁链给定技术提出新的要求。
现有技术是根据司控器手柄档位分别设置相应的磁链。在额定点之前，磁链为与档位对应的固定值；额定点之后，磁链按照“1/wr反比例弱磁法”弱磁。当电机运行在某一档位时，如果实际母线电压偏低而磁链不变，则磁链相对偏大，这样容易引起矢量控制中电流环PI项饱和从而导致的矢量控制失败。
发明内容
本发明解决现有内燃机车异步电机磁链给定方法中由实际母线电压偏低所导致的矢量控制中电流环PI项饱和的问题，提供一种内燃机车异步电机磁链给定方法，该方法在母线电压偏低时降低磁链，达到防止电流环PI项饱和的目的。
本发明是采用如下技术方案实现的：内燃机车异步电机磁链给定方法，是由如下步骤实现的：
（一）任一频率fr 点在额定频率f2点以上时
1）采集或获取额定频率f2点的司控器手柄最高档位的直流母线电压Udc8_f2（额定频率f2点的司控器手柄各档位的直流母线电压Udc8_f2、Udc7_f2……Udc1_f2都是已知的）；
2）采集任一频率fr 点的直流母线电压Udc_fr；
3）任一频率fr 点的磁链Phir为：
Figure 770247DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
其中， K=1/Udc8_f2；
（二）任一频率fr 点在额定频率f2点与低速区与中速区的切换频率f1点之间时
1）采集或获取额定频率f2点的司控器手柄最高、最低档位的直流母线电压Udc8_f2、Udc1_f2，和低速区与中速区的切换频率f1点的司控器手柄最高、最低档位的直流母线电压Udc8_f1、Udc1_f1（低速区与中速区的切换频率f1点的司控器手柄各档位的直流母线电压Udc8_f1、Udc7_f1……Udc1_f1都是已知的）；
2）采集任一频率fr 点的直流母线电压Udc_fr；
3）计算任一频率fr 点的司控器手柄最低档位的直流母线电压Udc1_fr：
Figure 73183DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
4）计算任一频率fr 点的司控器手柄最高档位的直流母线电压Udc8_fr：
Figure 72363DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
5）、计算任一频率fr 点的直流母线电压Udc_fr折算至额定频率f2 点的等效母线电压Udc_f2：
Figure 294397DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
6）任一频率fr 点的磁链Phir为：
Figure 503661DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
其中， K=1/Udc8_f2；
（三）任一频率fr 点在低速区与中速区的切换频率f1点与零之间时
1）采集或获取低速区与中速区的切换频率f1点的司控器手柄最高、最低档位的直流母线电压Udc8_f1、Udc1_f1；
2）采集任一频率fr 点的直流母线电压Udc_fr；
3）计算任一频率fr 点的直流母线电压Udc_fr折算至额定频率f2 点的等效母线电压Udc_f2：
Figure 469343DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
4）任一频率fr 点的磁链Phir为：
Figure 147249DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
其中， K=1/Udc8_f2。
本发明所述的磁链给定方法能够实现异步电机在母线电压偏低时降低磁链，达到防止电流环PI项饱和的目的。
本发明所述方法通过对一台425kW 异步电机进行试验，完成了1-8 档的加减档试验和各个档位全速度范围扫频试验。试验过程中在母线电压偏低时，矢量控制依然可有效运行。验证了本发明所述方法的可行性和有效性。
附图说明
图1为直流母线电压与电机转速关系图。
具体实施方式
图1为1-8档典型直流母线电压与异步电机转速关系图。额定频率f2点和低速区与中速区的切换频率f1点的司控器手柄各档位的直流母线电压在***整体设计时确定。f1为低速区与中速区的切换频率，f2为额定频率，Udc1_f1为速度f1点的1档母线电压 ，Udc8_f1为速度f1点的8档母线电压，Udc1_f2为速度f2点的1档母线电压 ，Udc8_f2为速度f2点的8档母线电压。以上参数均为已知。Udc_fr为任意一点fr的母线电压，正常值在1和8档电压曲线的包络内。
内燃机车异步电机磁链给定方法，是由如下步骤实现的：
（一）任一频率fr 点在额定频率f2点以上时
1）采集或获取额定频率f2点的司控器手柄最高档位的直流母线电压Udc8_f2；
2）采集任一频率fr 点的直流母线电压Udc_fr；
3）任一频率fr 点的磁链Phir为：
Figure 681129DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
其中， K=1/Udc8_f2；
（二）任一频率fr 点在额定频率f2点与低速区与中速区的切换频率f1点之间时
1）采集或获取额定频率f2点的司控器手柄最高、最低档位的直流母线电压Udc8_f2、Udc1_f2，和低速区与中速区的切换频率f1点的司控器手柄最高、最低档位的直流母线电压Udc8_f1、Udc1_f1；
2）采集任一频率fr 点的直流母线电压Udc_fr；
3）计算任一频率fr 点的司控器手柄最低档位的直流母线电压Udc1_fr：
Figure 518635DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
4）计算任一频率fr 点的司控器手柄最高档位的直流母线电压Udc8_fr：
Figure 881484DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
5）、计算任一频率fr 点的直流母线电压Udc_fr折算至额定频率f2 点的等效母线电压Udc_f2：
Figure 120835DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
6）任一频率fr 点的磁链Phir为：
Figure 419092DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
其中， K=1/Udc8_f2；
（三）任一频率fr 点在低速区与中速区的切换频率f1点与零之间时
1）采集或获取低速区与中速区的切换频率f1点的司控器手柄最高、最低档位的直流母线电压Udc8_f1、Udc1_f1；
2）采集任一频率fr 点的直流母线电压Udc_fr；
3）计算任一频率fr 点的直流母线电压Udc_fr折算至额定频率f2 点的等效母线电压Udc_f2：
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE009
4）任一频率fr 点的磁链Phir为：
Figure 681578DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
其中， K=1/Udc8_f2。

Claims (1)

1.一种内燃机车异步电机磁链给定方法，其特征在于是由如下步骤实现的：
（一）任一频率fr 点在额定频率f2点以上时
1）采集或获取额定频率f2点的司控器手柄最高档位的直流母线电压Udc8_f2；
2）采集任一频率fr 点的直流母线电压Udc_fr；
3）任一频率fr 点的磁链Phir为：
Figure 325435DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
其中， K=1/Udc8_f2；
（二）任一频率fr 点在额定频率f2点与低速区与中速区的切换频率f1点之间时
1）采集或获取额定频率f2点的司控器手柄最高、最低档位的直流母线电压Udc8_f2、Udc1_f2，和低速区与中速区的切换频率f1点的司控器手柄最高、最低档位的直流母线电压Udc8_f1、Udc1_f1；
2）采集任一频率fr 点的直流母线电压Udc_fr；
3）计算任一频率fr 点的司控器手柄最低档位的直流母线电压Udc1_fr：
Figure 273799DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
4）计算任一频率fr 点的司控器手柄最高档位的直流母线电压Udc8_fr：
Figure 179438DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
5）、计算任一频率fr 点的直流母线电压Udc_fr折算至额定频率f2 点的等效母线电压Udc_f2：
Figure 213253DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
6）任一频率fr 点的磁链Phir为：
Figure 862540DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
其中， K=1/Udc8_f2；
（三）任一频率fr 点在低速区与中速区的切换频率f1点与零之间时
1）采集或获取低速区与中速区的切换频率f1点的司控器手柄最高、最低档位的直流母线电压Udc8_f1、Udc1_f1；
2）采集任一频率fr 点的直流母线电压Udc_fr；
3）计算任一频率fr 点的直流母线电压Udc_fr折算至额定频率f2 点的等效母线电压Udc_f2：
Figure 399832DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
4）任一频率fr 点的磁链Phir为：
Figure 476373DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
其中， K=1/Udc8_f2。
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