CN107823495A - 一种治疗小儿***积液的药物及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种治疗小儿***积液的药物及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN107823495A
CN107823495A CN201711333395.7A CN201711333395A CN107823495A CN 107823495 A CN107823495 A CN 107823495A CN 201711333395 A CN201711333395 A CN 201711333395A CN 107823495 A CN107823495 A CN 107823495A
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grams
impurity
water
picked
seed
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李明山
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Fuyang City Balance Medical Health Apparatus Co Ltd
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Fuyang City Balance Medical Health Apparatus Co Ltd
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    • A61K2236/33—Extraction of the material involving extraction with hydrophilic solvents, e.g. lower alcohols, esters or ketones
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种治疗小儿***积液的药物及其制备方法，其是由桃仁、牛膝、蚯蚓、荆芥、甘草、红花、益母草、茯苓、车前子、泽泻、麻黄、白术、肉桂、北沙参、桂枝、猪苓、党参、白术、半夏、陈皮、牡蛎、橘核、谷芽、薏苡仁按一定重量配比制备而成，本发明药物具有渗湿利水，益脾和胃，燥湿化痰，消痞散结，清热利湿的功能，用于治疗小儿***积液见效快、疗效好，不复发。

Description

一种治疗小儿***积液的药物及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种治疗小儿***积液的药物及其制备方法，属中药领域。
背景技术
小儿***积液是指***两层间积有过多液体。鞘膜积液多数均无明显的病因，称为原发性鞘膜积液，其发生和发展都较缓慢。由于阴囊的外伤， 睾丸和副睾的炎症或肿瘤以及丝虫病所引起的鞘膜积液，称为继发性鞘膜积液。由于西药治疗副作用大，因此人们对有效治疗小儿***积液的中药药物存在极大的需求，至今为止，还没有发现关于本发明的有关报道。
发明内容
本发明人依据中医理论的研究和临床试验的反复验证，终于找到了有效治疗小儿***积液的药物，从而完成了本发明。
本发明的目的就是提供一种有效治疗小儿***积液的中药组合药物。
本发明的另一目的就是提供了该中药组合药物的制备方法。
本发明药物是选择桃仁、牛膝、蚯蚓、荆芥、甘草、红花、益母草、茯苓、车前子、泽泻、麻黄、白术、肉桂、北沙参、桂枝、猪苓、党参、白术、半夏、陈皮、牡蛎、橘核、谷芽、薏苡仁进行组合制备的，将这些药物组合使得各药物功效产生协同作用，从而能够有效治疗小儿***积液。其中选用桃仁是因为其性味苦甘，平，入心、肝、大肠经，有破血行瘀，润燥滑经的功能，治经闭，癥瘕，热病蓄血，血痹，疟疾，跌打损伤，瘀血肿痛，血燥便秘。选用牛膝是因为其性味甘苦酸，平，入肝、肾经，生用散瘀血，消痈肿，治淋病，尿血，经闭，癥瘕，难产，胞衣不下，产后瘀血腹痛，喉痹，痈肿，跌打损伤，熟用补肝肾，强筋骨，治腰膝骨痛，四肥拘挛，痿痹。选用蚯蚓是因为其性味咸，寒，入肝、脾、肺经，有清热，平肝，止喘，通络的功能，治高热狂躁，惊风抽搐，风热头痛，目赤，中风半身不遂，喘息，喉痹，关节疼痛，齿衄，小便不通，瘰疬，痄腮，疮疡。选用荆芥是因为其性味辛，温，入肺、肝经，有发表，祛风，理血的功能，炒炭止血，治感冒发热，头痛，咽喉肿痛，中风口噤，吐血，衄血，便血，崩漏，产后血晕，痈肿，疮疥，瘰疬。选用甘草是因为其性味甘平，入脾、胃、肺经，有和中缓急，润肺，解毒，调和诸药的功能，炙用治脾胃虚弱，食少，腹痛便溏，劳倦发热，肺痿咳嗽，心悸，惊痈，生用治咽喉肿痛，消化性溃疡，痈疽疮疡，解药毒及食物中毒。选用藏红花是因为其性味甘，平，入心、肝经，有活血化瘀，散郁开结的功能，治忧思郁结，胸膈痞闷，吐血，伤寒发狂，惊怖恍惚，妇女经闭，产后瘀血腹痛，跌扑肿痛。选用益母草是因为其性味辛苦，凉，入心包、肝经，有活血，祛瘀，调经，消水的功能，治***，治漏难产，胞衣不下，产后血晕，瘀血腹痛，崩中漏下，尿血，泻血，痈肿疮疡。选用茯苓是因为其性味甘淡，平，入心、脾、肺经，有渗湿利水，益脾和胃，宁心安神的功能，治小便不利水肿胀痛，痰饮咳逆，呕哕，泄泻，遗精，淋浊，惊悸，健忘。选用车前子是因为其性味甘，寒，入肾、膀胱经，有利水，清热，明目，祛痰的功能，治小便不通，淋浊，带下，尿血，暑湿泻痢，咳嗽多痰，湿痹，目赤障翳。选用泽泻是因为其性味甘，寒，入膀胱经，有利水，渗湿，泄热的功能，治小便不利，水肿肛满，呕吐，泻痢，痰饮，脚气，淋病，尿血。选用麻黄是因为其性味辛苦，温，入肺、膀胱经，有发汗，平喘，利水的功能，治伤寒表实，发热恶寒无汗、头痛鼻塞、骨节疼痛，咳嗽气喘，风水浮肿，小便不利，风邪顽痹，皮肤不仁，风疹瘙痒。选用白术是因为其性味苦甘，温，入脾、胃经，有补脾，益胃，燥湿，和中的功能，治脾胃气弱，不思饮食，倦怠少气，虚胀，泄泻，痰饮，水肿，黄疸，湿痹，小便不利，头晕，自汗，胎气不安。选用肉桂是因为其性味辛甘，热，入肾、脾、膀胱经，有补元阳，暖脾胃，除积冷，通血脉的功能，治命门火衰，肢冷脉微，亡阳虚脱，腹痛泄泻，寒疝奔豚，腰膝冷痛，经闭癥瘕，阴疽，流注，及虚阳浮越，上热下寒。选用北沙参是因为其性味甘苦淡，凉，入肺、脾经，有养阴清肺，祛痰止咳的功能，治肺热燥咳，虚痨久咳，阴伤咽干、口渴。选用桂枝是因为其性味辛甘，温，入膀胱、心、肺经，有发汗解肌，温经通脉的功能，治风寒表证，肩背肢节酸疼，胸痹痰饮，经闭癥瘕。选用猪苓是因为其性味甘淡，平，入脾、肾、膀胱经，有利尿渗湿的功能，治小便不利，水肿胀满，脚气，泄泻，淋、浊，带下。选用党参是因为其性味甘，平，入手、足太阴经气分，有补中益气，生津的功能，治脾胃虚弱，气血两亏，体倦无力，食少，口渴，久泻，脱肛。选用白术是因为其性味苦甘，温，入脾、胃经，有补脾，益胃，燥湿，和中的功能，治脾胃气弱，不思饮食，倦怠少气，虚胀，泄泻，痰饮，水肿，黄疸，湿痹，小便不利，头晕，自汗，胎气不安。选用半夏是因为其性味辛，温，有毒，入脾、胃经，有燥湿化痰，降逆止呕，消痞散结的功能，治湿痰冷饮，呕吐，反胃，咳喘痰多，胸膈胀满，痰厥头痛，头晕不眠，外消痈肿。选用陈皮是因为其性味苦、辛，温，归肺、脾经，有理气健脾，燥湿化痰的功能，治胸脘胀满，食少吐泻，咳嗽痰多。选用牡蛎是因为其性味咸涩，凉，入肝、肾经，有敛阴，潜阳，止汗，涩精，化痰，软坚的功能，治惊癎，眩晕，自汗，盗汗，遗精，淋浊，崩漏，带下，瘰疬，瘿瘤。选用橘核是因为其性味苦，平，无毒，入肝、肾经，有理气，止痛的功能，治疝气，睾丸肿痛，乳痈，腰痛，膀胱气痛。选用谷芽是因为其性味甘温，入脾胃经，有健脾开胃，和中消食的功能，治宿食不化，胀满泄泻，不思饮食。选用薏苡仁是因为其性味甘淡，凉，入脾、肺、肾经，有健脾，补肺，清热，利湿的功能，治泄泻，湿痹，筋脉拘挛，屈伸不利，水肿，脚气，肺痿，肺痈，肠痈，淋浊，白带。
具体实施方式
本发明组分的药物用量也是发明人经过大量摸索总结得出的，各组分的用量在下述重量范围内都具有较好的疗效
桃仁3-5克，牛膝3-5克，蚯蚓3-5克，荆芥3-5克，甘草3-5克，红花1-3克，益母草4-8克，茯苓4-8克，车前子5-10克，泽泻5-10克，麻黄0.5-1.5克，白术4-8克，肉桂3-5克，北沙参3-5克，桂枝3-5克，猪苓5-10克，党参7-11克，白术7-11克，半夏7-11克，陈皮5-10克，牡蛎10-20克，橘核10-20克，谷芽10-20克，薏苡仁10-20克。
优选为
桃仁3克，牛膝3克，蚯蚓3克，荆芥3克，甘草3克，红花2克，益母草6克，茯苓6克，车前子5克，泽泻5克，麻黄1克，白术6克，肉桂3克，北沙参3克，桂枝3克，猪苓5克，党参9克，白术9克，半夏9克，陈皮5克，牡蛎15克，橘核15克，谷芽15克，薏苡仁15克。
本发明药物的制备方法如下
一、备料
1、桃仁：除去硬壳杂质，置沸水锅中煮至外皮微皱，捞出，浸入凉水中，搓去种皮，晒干，簸净；
2、牛膝：拣去杂质，洗净，润软，去芦，切段，晒干；
3、蚯蚓：拣去杂质，用水漂净，及时捞出，晒干，切段；
4、荆芥：拣净杂质，用水略泡，捞出切段，晒干；
5、甘草：拣去杂质，洗净，用水浸泡至八成透时，捞出，润透，切片，晾干；
6、红花：拣净杂质，除去茎叶、蒂头，晒干；
7、益母草：拣去杂质，洗净，润透，切段，晒干；
8、茯苓：用水浸泡，洗净捞出，闷透后，切片，晒干；
9、车前子：拣去杂质，筛去泥屑，空粒；
10、泽泻：拣去杂质，大小分档，用水浸泡至八成透，捞出，晒凉，闷润至内外湿度均匀，切片，晒干；
11、麻黄：拣去杂质，去尽木质茎及残根，用水洗净，微润后切段，干燥即得；
12、白术：拣净杂质，用水浸泡，泡后捞出，润透，切片，晒干；
13、肉桂：拣净杂质，刮去粗皮，用时打碎，或刮去粗皮，用温开水浸润片刻，切片，晾干；
14、北沙参：拣去杂质，除去茎基，用水略洗，捞出，稍润，切段，晒干；
15、桂枝：用水稍浸泡，捞出，闷润至透，切片，晾干，筛去屑；
16、猪苓：洗净泥砂，润软切片，晾干；
17、党参：洗净泥沙后润透去芦，切片或切段，晒干；
18、白术：拣净杂质，用水浸泡，泡后捞出，润透，切片，晒干；
19、半夏：拣去杂质，筛去灰屑；
20、陈皮：取原药材，除去杂质及变黑的果皮，抢水洗净，润软，切丝，晒干或低温干燥，筛去灰屑；
21、牡蛎：洗净，晒干，打碎用；
22、橘核：筛去灰屑，拣净杂质，洗净，晒干；
23、谷芽：置锅内用文火炒至深黄色，并大部爆裂，取出，放凉；
24、薏苡仁：取原药材，除去残留皮壳、杂质。
二、制备
1、将所述重量的桃仁、牛膝、蚯蚓、荆芥、甘草、红花、益母草、茯苓、车前子、泽泻、麻黄、白术、肉桂、北沙参、桂枝、猪苓、党参、白术、半夏、陈皮、牡蛎、橘核、谷芽、薏苡仁放入煎药容器内，加水6倍量，浸泡100分钟后，武火煎煮沸腾，再用文火煎煮20分钟，过滤得第一次煎煮液，将第一次煎煮液倒入容器内；
2、将过滤的药渣加水4倍量，武火煮沸，再用文火煎煮20分钟，过滤得第二次煎煮液；
3、将两次煎煮液混合搅拌均匀，分为3剂服用。
组方中茯苓有渗湿利水，益脾和胃，宁心安神的功能为君药；半夏有燥湿化痰，降逆止呕，消痞散结的功能；陈皮有理气健脾，燥湿化痰的功能，二者为臣药，三味药共同发挥渗湿利水，益脾和胃，燥湿化痰，降逆止呕，消痞散结的作用，治疗小儿***积液效力全面，且以渗湿利水，燥湿化痰，消痞散结为主可治本，牡蛎有敛阴，潜阳，止汗，涩精，化痰，软坚的功能为佐药，薏苡仁有健脾，补肺，清热，利湿的功能为使药，与下余诸药是治标。
本发明药物具有渗湿利水，益脾和胃，燥湿化痰，消痞散结，清热利湿的功能，用于治疗小儿***积液，疗程短、见效快、治愈后不复发。
以下通过试验例来进一步阐述本发明所述药物的有益效果，这些试验例包括本发明药物的动物毒性试验报告和临床疗效观察资料。
[试验例1]本发明药物的动物毒性试验报告：
取家兔30只，雌雄兼用，体重2.0—2.5kg，分两组，每组15只，其中一组为超剂量试验组，另一组为正常量试验组。超常量组为20ml/kg，正常量为10ml/kg，给药方式为灌胃法给药，每天两次，连服7天，每天观察给药反应，结果表明二组家兔活动、饮食正常，药物无不良毒副作用。
[试验例2]本发明药物的临床疗效观察
1、一般资料
收治小儿***积液门诊患者共28例。
2、诊断标准
典型症状为一侧腹股沟或阴囊肿块，或两侧的局部肿块，生长较慢，不引起疼痛。当肿块较大者时，可有坠胀感。通过临床检查在侧腹股沟或阴囊有边界清楚的囊性包块，无明显蒂柄与腹腔相连，透光试验阳性即可诊断。
3、治疗方法
选用上述药剂，给患者服用，每次服用1剂，每天早、晚各服1次，10天为一个疗程，连续服用3个疗程。
4、疗效评定标准
显效：小儿***积液症状消失，体质恢复正常，痊愈；
好转：小儿睾丸肿块减小，坠胀感减轻，鞘膜积液症状明显好转，逐步恢复正常；
无效：达不到好转标准者。
5、治疗结果（见下表）
在上述治疗中，用本发明药物治疗小儿***积液患者28例，结果显效23例，显效率为82.1%，好转3例，好转率为10.7%，无效2例，总有效率为92.8%。

Claims (3)

1.一种治疗小儿***积液的药物，其特征在于：它是由下列重量范围内的原料药制成：
桃仁3-5克，牛膝3-5克，蚯蚓3-5克，荆芥3-5克，甘草3-5克，红花1-3克，益母草4-8克，茯苓4-8克，车前子5-10克，泽泻5-10克，麻黄0.5-1.5克，白术4-8克，肉桂3-5克，北沙参3-5克，桂枝3-5克，猪苓5-10克，党参7-11克，白术7-11克，半夏7-11克，陈皮5-10克，牡蛎10-20克，橘核10-20克，谷芽10-20克，薏苡仁10-20克。
2.根据权利要求1所述的药物，其中各原料药的用量为：
桃仁3克，牛膝3克，蚯蚓3克，荆芥3克，甘草3克，红花2克，益母草6克，茯苓6克，车前子5克，泽泻5克，麻黄1克，白术6克，肉桂3克，北沙参3克，桂枝3克，猪苓5克，党参9克，白术9克，半夏9克，陈皮5克，牡蛎15克，橘核15克，谷芽15克，薏苡仁15克。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述药物的制备方法，它包括下列步骤：
（一）备料
（1）桃仁：除去硬壳杂质，置沸水锅中煮至外皮微皱，捞出，浸入凉水中，搓去种皮，晒干，簸净；
（2）牛膝：拣去杂质，洗净，润软，去芦，切段，晒干；
（3）蚯蚓：拣去杂质，用水漂净，及时捞出，晒干，切段；
（4）荆芥：拣净杂质，用水略泡，捞出切段，晒干；
（5）甘草：拣去杂质，洗净，用水浸泡至八成透时，捞出，润透，切片，晾干；
（6）红花：拣净杂质，除去茎叶、蒂头，晒干；
（7）益母草：拣去杂质，洗净，润透，切段，晒干；
（8）茯苓：用水浸泡，洗净捞出，闷透后，切片，晒干；
（9）车前子：拣去杂质，筛去泥屑，空粒；
（10）泽泻：拣去杂质，大小分档，用水浸泡至八成透，捞出，晒凉，闷润至内外湿度均匀，切片，晒干；
（11）麻黄：拣去杂质，去尽木质茎及残根，用水洗净，微润后切段，干燥即得；
（12）白术：拣净杂质，用水浸泡，泡后捞出，润透，切片，晒干；
（13）肉桂：拣净杂质，刮去粗皮，用时打碎，或刮去粗皮，用温开水浸润片刻，切片，晾干；
（14）北沙参：拣去杂质，除去茎基，用水略洗，捞出，稍润，切段，晒干；
（15）桂枝：用水稍浸泡，捞出，闷润至透，切片，晾干，筛去屑；
（16）猪苓：洗净泥砂，润软切片，晾干；
（17）党参：洗净泥沙后润透去芦，切片或切段，晒干；
（18）白术：拣净杂质，用水浸泡，泡后捞出，润透，切片，晒干；
（19）半夏：拣去杂质，筛去灰屑；
（20）陈皮：取原药材，除去杂质及变黑的果皮，抢水洗净，润软，切丝，晒干或低温干燥，筛去灰屑；
（21）牡蛎：洗净，晒干，打碎用；
（22）橘核：筛去灰屑，拣净杂质，洗净，晒干；
（23）谷芽：置锅内用文火炒至深黄色，并大部爆裂，取出，放凉；
（24）薏苡仁：取原药材，除去残留皮壳、杂质；
（二）制备
（1）将所述重量的桃仁、牛膝、蚯蚓、荆芥、甘草、红花、益母草、茯苓、车前子、泽泻、麻黄、白术、肉桂、北沙参、桂枝、猪苓、党参、白术、半夏、陈皮、牡蛎、橘核、谷芽、薏苡仁放入煎药容器内，加水6倍量，浸泡100分钟后，武火煎煮沸腾，再用文火煎煮20分钟，过滤得第一次煎煮液，将第一次煎煮液倒入容器内；
（2）将过滤的药渣加水4倍量，武火煮沸，再用文火煎煮20分钟，过滤得第二次煎煮液；
（3）将两次煎煮液混合搅拌均匀，分为3剂服用。
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CN106692842A (zh) * 2016-12-07 2017-05-24 张云侠 一种治疗***气的药物及其制备方法
CN107375853A (zh) * 2017-08-29 2017-11-24 夏季 一种治疗***积液的药物及其制备方法

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