CN107803500A - A kind of powder bed increasing material manufacturing electromagnetic induction slows down the device and method of part stress - Google Patents
A kind of powder bed increasing material manufacturing electromagnetic induction slows down the device and method of part stress Download PDFInfo
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- CN107803500A CN107803500A CN201711050216.9A CN201711050216A CN107803500A CN 107803500 A CN107803500 A CN 107803500A CN 201711050216 A CN201711050216 A CN 201711050216A CN 107803500 A CN107803500 A CN 107803500A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/10—Auxiliary heating means
- B22F12/13—Auxiliary heating means to preheat the material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
- B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/30—Process control
- B22F10/38—Process control to achieve specific product aspects, e.g. surface smoothness, density, porosity or hollow structures
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/10—Auxiliary heating means
- B22F12/17—Auxiliary heating means to heat the build chamber or platform
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/90—Means for process control, e.g. cameras or sensors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/40—Radiation means
- B22F12/49—Scanners
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Abstract
The invention discloses the device that a kind of powder bed increasing material manufacturing electromagnetic induction slows down part stress, it is characterized in that, including formation cylinder, motor is provided with formation cylinder, ball screw framework is connected with the output shaft of motor, the ball screw framework other end is connected with heating substrate, heating substrate surrounding is integrated with electromagnetic generator, formation cylinder outer wall upper end is provided with electromagnetic inductor, electromagnetic inductor is connected with the first electromagnetism and power supply occurs, electromagnetic generator is connected with the second electromagnetism and power supply occurs, power supply occurs for the first electromagnetism and the second electromagnetism occurs power supply and is respectively connected with equipment master control system.Disturbance is applied to the liquid-solid boundary forward position momentum in laser molten pool process of setting and solute transport using D.C. magnetic field, changes the solidification and crystallization form of liquid-solid boundary, and then control the purpose of transformation stress in the process of setting of molten bath.The invention also discloses the method for slowing down part stress using said apparatus.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to powder bed selective laser to melt increasing material manufacturing equipment technical field, is related to a kind of powder bed increasing material manufacturing
Electromagnetic induction slows down the device of part stress, and the invention further relates to the method for slowing down part stress using said apparatus.
Background technology
A kind of point-by-point, successively stack shaping that selective laser fusing (SLM) forming technique is that recent decades grow up
3D printing technique, it is to melt sintered component cross-sectional morphology point by point using laser on pre-made powder layer, by successively adding up
Method obtain component 3D solid.SLM forming techniques can realize with labyrinth high-performance compact metal without mould,
Fast free shapes.Many advanced skills such as SLM Integration ofTechnologies laser technology, computer technology, Numeric Control Technology and material technology
Art, possess the features such as manufacturing procedure is simple, energy consumption is low, flexible high, environment-friendly, shaping is integrated with structure property control,
The part performance processed using SLM forming techniques is suitable with forging.Because SLM technologies possess above-mentioned advanced material process technology
It is required that all characteristics, obtain material processing circle favor, developed rapidly between more than 10 short years, turn into many processing
With many important new technologies attracted attention of application field.
But powder bed selective laser melting unit, during metal parts is built, part undergoes high energy laser beam for a long time
Periodically, fierce, non-equilibrium, circulating-heating and cooling and its in short-term non-equilibrium circulation solid-state phase changes, are also moved under strong constraint
The quick solidification shrinkage in molten bath etc. is metallurgical and solidification behavior produces extremely complex thermal stress, phase-change organization's stress in inside parts
With restraint stress and its strong non-linear close coupling reciprocation and stress concentration, cause the serious buckling deformation of part or even open
Split.Research in recent years is it has been shown that carry out the thermal stress in pre- heat energy reduction forming process to base material or powder, so as to reduce
The buckling deformation tendency of part.Current most of commercial SLM device is all reached by way of carrying out resistance heating to forming platform
To the purpose heated to base material, also there are Patents to be protected using way of electromagnetic induction to base material powder/powder preheating and drip molding
Temperature, e.g., Chinese invention patent《A kind of electromagnetic induction heating of powder bed increasing material manufacturing supplies powdering integral system》(application number：
201610954136.5 publication number：CN106563806A, publication date：2017-04-19)；Chinese invention patent《One kind is used to swash
The high-temperature powder bed system of light increasing material manufacturing》(application number：201410188157.1 publication number：CN103990798A, publication date：
The 2014-08-20 patent No.s：), forming platform is heated by the way of electromagnetic induction；Chinese invention patent《Under a kind of high-intensity magnetic field
Selective laser melting SLM formation cylinders》(application number：201610661087.6 publication number：CN106141185A, publication date：
2016-11-23), the part in formation cylinder and powder are heated and be incubated.
The alternating magnetic field that above patent is all based in electromagnetic induction is inducted the principle of vortex, and temporarily does not occur originally adopting at present
Disturbance is applied to the liquid-solid boundary forward position momentum in laser molten pool process of setting and solute transport with D.C. magnetic field, changes Ye Gu circle
The solidification and crystallization form in face, and then control the purpose technology of transformation stress in the process of setting of molten bath to record.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide the device that a kind of powder bed increasing material manufacturing electromagnetic induction slows down part stress, using direct current
Magnetic field applies disturbance to the liquid-solid boundary forward position momentum in laser molten pool process of setting and solute transport, changes the solidifying of liquid-solid boundary
Gu crystal habit, and then control the purpose of transformation stress in the process of setting of molten bath.
Another object of the present invention is to provide the method for slowing down part stress using said apparatus.
The first technical scheme of the present invention is that a kind of powder bed increasing material manufacturing electromagnetic induction slows down part stress
Device, it is characterised in that including formation cylinder, motor is provided with formation cylinder, rolling is connected with the output shaft of motor
Screw mechanism, the ball screw framework other end are connected with heating substrate, and heating substrate is set along formation cylinder madial wall, heats base
Plate surrounding is integrated with electromagnetic generator, formation cylinder outer wall is provided with electromagnetic inductor, electromagnetic inductor is arranged on formation cylinder
End, electromagnetic inductor are connected with the first electromagnetism and power supply occur, and electromagnetic generator is connected with the second electromagnetism and power supply, the first electromagnetism occurs
Generation power supply and the second electromagnetism occur power supply and are respectively connected with equipment master control system.
The characteristics of the first technical scheme of the invention, also resides in,
Electromagnetic inductor is built-in with the first magnet exciting coil, and electromagnetic generator is built-in with the second magnet exciting coil, the second excitation wire
Power supply occurs for circle the second electromagnetism of connection, and the first magnet exciting coil connects the first electromagnetism and power supply occurs.
Electromagnetic inductor is also associated with magnetic field measuring apparatus, magnetic field measuring apparatus connection equipment master control system.
Temperature sensor, temperature sensor connection equipment master control system are additionally provided with heating substrate.
First magnet exciting coil and the second magnet exciting coil are to pound solenoid to be made of red copper material more.
Heating substrate top is provided with heat-conducting silica gel sheet, and heat-conducting silica gel sheet top is additionally provided with shielding copper mesh.
Heating substrate is additionally provided with warming plate with formation cylinder side wall contact position, and heating base plate bottom is also equipped with warming plate.
Warming plate side is additionally provided with thermal insulation board.
Second of technical scheme of the present invention is to slow down zero using a kind of above-mentioned powder bed increasing material manufacturing electromagnetic induction
The method that the device of part stress slows down part stress, specifically implements according to following steps：
Step 1, to base material is installed on heating substrate in formation cylinder, selective laser melting unit, starting device are opened
Master control system, open the second electromagnetism and power supply occurs, export the alternating current of appropriate frequency, start to preheat to base material, it is predetermined when reaching
During preference temperature, equipment powder feeding and spreading mechanism performs powdering order, in base material upper berth first layer metal powder；
Step 2, after the completion for the treatment of first layer powdering, equipment master control system sends order to powder feeding and spreading mechanism, closes powder feeding
Powdering mechanism, while equipment master control system sends and opens the instruction that power supply occurs for the first electromagnetism, magnetic field measuring apparatus is by current magnetic
Field intensity is transferred on equipment master control system display interface, and laser scanning galvanometer works simultaneously, by part stl file information, is held
Row scan instruction, carry out first layer shaping；
Step 3, after treating first layer shaping, equipment master control system sends order and closes the first electromagnetism generation power supply, so
Instruction is assigned to powder feeding and spreading mechanism afterwards, in base material upper berth second layer metal powder；
Step 4, repeat step 2 completes second layer shaping；
Step 5, repeat step 3,4 is until part scanning shaping terminates.
The characteristics of second of technical scheme of the invention, also resides in,
In forming process, the temperature signal detected is real-time transmitted to equipment master control system, equipment by temperature sensor
Master control system controls to adjust the output frequency of the second electromagnetism generation power supply, the magnetic that magnetic field measuring apparatus will measure according to temperature signal
Field intensity signal is real-time transmitted to equipment master control system, and equipment master control system adjusts the first electromagnetism according to magnetic field intensity and power supply occurs
Output frequency.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows
1. the change of pair powder bed selective laser fusing former is small, device is simple, operation and control easy to maintain.Simultaneously
Because steady permanent magnetic field of direct current will not produce induced electromagnetic field, and the magnetic field intensity needed for thermoelectricity magnetic convection effect is small thus right
Very little is influenceed caused by equipment own electronic component, takes simple shielding measure to protect.
2. the present invention proposes the inside parts group slowed down using D.C. magnetic field during the fusing shaping of powder bed selective laser
The method for knitting stress, can be effective reduction formation of parts buckling deformation risk, improve part manufacture efficiency and
Yield rate.
3. the method being combined using steady permanent magnetic field of direct current with alternating magnetic field, while control the thermal stress of part forming process
And structural stress, compared to single Electromagnetic Heating or resistance heating method, it reduce further the risk of part deformation cracking.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation for the device that a kind of powder bed increasing material manufacturing electromagnetic induction of the present invention slows down part stress.
In figure, 1. powderings and forming platform, 2. base materials, 3. heat-conducting silica gel sheets, 4. electromagnetic inductors, 5. first excitation wires
Circle, 6. second magnet exciting coils, 7. warming plates, 8. heating substrates, 9. ball screw frameworks, 10. magnetic field measuring apparatus, 11. first electricity
Magnetic generation power supply, 12. temperature sensors, 13. second electromagnetism generation power supply, 14. equipment master control systems, 15. motors, 16.
Formation cylinder, 17. electromagnetic generators.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
A kind of powder bed increasing material manufacturing electromagnetic induction of the present invention slows down the device of part stress, structure as shown in figure 1, including
Formation cylinder 16, motor 15 is provided with formation cylinder 16, ball screw framework 9 is connected with the output shaft of motor 15,
The other end of ball screw framework 9 is connected with heating substrate 8, and heating substrate 8 is set along the madial wall of formation cylinder 16, heats substrate 8 four
It is integrated with electromagnetic generator 17 week, the outer wall of formation cylinder 16 is provided with electromagnetic inductor 4, electromagnetic inductor 4 is arranged on formation cylinder
16 upper ends, electromagnetic inductor 4 are connected with the first electromagnetism and power supply 11 occur, and electromagnetic generator 17 is connected with the second electromagnetism and power supply occurs
13, the first electromagnetism occurs the electromagnetism of power supply 11 and second generation power supply 13 and is respectively connected with equipment master control system 14.
Electromagnetic inductor 4 is built-in with the first magnet exciting coil 5, and electromagnetic generator 17 is built-in with the second magnet exciting coil 6, and second encourages
Magnetic coil 6 connects the second electromagnetism and power supply 13 occurs, and the first magnet exciting coil 5 connects the first electromagnetism and power supply 11 occurs.
Electromagnetic inductor 4 is also associated with magnetic field measuring apparatus 10, and magnetic field measuring apparatus 10 connects equipment master control system 14.
Temperature sensor 12 is additionally provided with heating substrate 8, temperature sensor 12 connects equipment master control system 14.
First magnet exciting coil 5 and the second magnet exciting coil 6 are to pound solenoid to be made of red copper material more.
Heating substrate 8 top is provided with heat-conducting silica gel sheet 3, and the top of heat-conducting silica gel sheet 3 is additionally provided with shielding copper mesh.
Heating substrate 8 is additionally provided with warming plate 7 with formation cylinder side wall contact position, and heating substrate 8 bottom is also equipped with being incubated
Plate 7.
The side of warming plate 7 is additionally provided with thermal insulation board.
The mentality of designing principle for the device that a kind of powder bed increasing material manufacturing electromagnetic induction of the present invention slows down part stress is as follows：Pin
The deformation that SLM forming metallic powder conventional to high temperature alloy, titanium alloy, steel etc. often occurs during powder bed melt-shaping
Problem of Cracking, by forming part Metallographic Analysis, finding the non-equilibrium fast solid-state caused by laser circulating-heating and cooling
In phase transition process, the metallographic structure of above-mentioned material often can all form acicular martensite, and the form of acicular martensite is highly beneficial
In induction crack initiation, part organization internal is this may result under less thermal stress and micro-crack even Local Cracking occurs.
In addition, martensite differs larger with the specific volume of austenitic matrix, transformation stress can be produced in phase transition process.
Because interdendritic possessed by powder bed selective laser fusing formation of parts is away from the characteristics of small, tissue is fine and closely woven, matrix
It is very small to the stress slow releasing function of martensite, which exasperates stress concentration caused by phase transformation, ultimately result in part thinner wall section
Position is easily deformed warpage.
In order to improve the stress slow-release capability of part base solid tissue, appropriate coarsened grain, increase interdendritic has away from being one
The method of effect.Although alternating magnetic field can produce vortex, play a part of preheating insulation, for molten bath effect of mass transmitting very
Micro-, reason is that the solidification and crystallization speed for moving molten bath is very fast, alternating magnetic field to the reciprocation of molten bath solute transport by
Greatly limitation.Still further aspect, if further improving the preheating temperature of base material, although the solidification speed of laser molten pool can be slowed down
Rate, extend the function composite by electromagnetic stirring time to molten bath, but this can cause asking due to the too high and caused powder bonding of temperature again
Topic, have impact on laser scanning forming process.The present invention has taken into full account steady transverse magnetic and alternating magnetic field to molten bath process of setting
Pattern and mechanism, on the basis of using alternating magnetic field to the appropriate preheating of base material, key applies the thermoelectricity in D.C. magnetic field
Magnetic convection effect is exerted one's influence to the mass transfer in molten bath.Thermoelectricity magnetic convection effect focuses only on molten bath freezing interface forward position, non-
Often be advantageous to play a role in the solidification and crystallization process in short-term in molten bath.And powder bed selective laser fusing forming mode is lucky
Meet two conditions to form thermoelectricity magnetic convection effect：
(1) coagulation system includes the two or more constituent elements with different pyroelectricities；
(2) solidified under higher thermograde.
The operation principle for the device that a kind of powder bed increasing material manufacturing electromagnetic induction of the present invention slows down part stress is：
Using by electromagnetic generator, that is, it is exactly electromagnetic induction because Shaped substrates can be gradually reduced in process
Device 4 is fixed and is incorporated into all around side wall on formation cylinder top, and the plane of the top of formation cylinder 16 is powdering and forming platform 1, the
The top of one magnet exciting coil 5 and powdering and forming platform 1 are coplanar, and electromagnetism is set in the surrounding of heating substrate 8 of installation base material
Device 17, highly identical with the heating thickness of substrate 8, electromagnetic generator 17 is fixed and is incorporated into substrate, is synchronized with the movement with substrate, in order to
Avoid electromagnetic inductor 4 from producing magnetic field interactive interference with electromagnetic generator 17, shielding protection is carried out to excitation unit at substrate, the
Two magnet exciting coils 6 occur power supply 13 with the second electromagnetism and are connected, and the alternating current that power supply 13 produces frequency-adjustable section occurs for the second electromagnetism,
Alternating magnetic field is formed by the excitation of magnet exciting coil 6, and then vortex of inducting inside heating substrate 8, make substrate by being vortexed heat
Heating, substrate are conducted heat by heat transfer to Shaped substrates.In order to improve the efficiency of heating surface, being carried out to excitation unit, shielding is anti-
Insulation is thermally shielded while shield, heat caused by controlled vortex flow dissipates, and between the second magnet exciting coil 6 and formation cylinder side wall and adds
Warming plate and thermal insulation board, the material selection mineral wool of warming plate, thickness 10-15mm are installed the bottom of hot substrate 8；The material of thermal insulation board
From silicate aluminum board, thickness 10-15mm.Heat between the top of substrate 8 and base material 2 from the heat conductive silica gel that heat conductivility is excellent
Piece, while dispose shielding copper mesh.
In addition, the display end of the temperature sensor 12 of installation couples with equipment master control system 14.Heat the temperature model of substrate
System is contained below 400 DEG C, the alternating current output frequency that power supply 13 occurs by adjusting the second electromagnetism controls heating rate, temperature
The temperature signal of sensor 12 is transferred to equipment master control system 14, realizes that to the second electromagnetism power supply 13 occurs for equipment master control system 14
Feedback regulation.Because substrate is to the pre- heat effect of the appropriateness of base material, delay the freezing rate in molten bath in laser scanning forming process,
Advantageously in the abundant effect of thermoelectricity magnetic convection effect.
It should be strongly noted that the present invention is applied to nonmagnetic powder, for magnetization powder due to the work of externally-applied magnetic field
With powder being uniformly distributed in forming platform 1 after powdering can be influenceed, and then disturb laser scanning forming process.In the present invention,
The technology of most critical is the magnetic field intensity that accurate measurement quickly moves molten bath present position, in laser scanning formation of parts process
In, although powdering and forming platform 1 constantly decline, scanning forming process occurs in powdering layer position height all the time, thus
The intensity distribution of the shaping plane inner field only need to be measured, and is regulated and controled.After base material leveling, before powdering process starts, open
Equipment master control system is powered to the first magnet exciting coil 5 of electromagnetic inductor 4, produces stationary magnetic field.With square single turn measuring coil
The magnetic field intensity of substrate plane diverse location is measured, grasps flat magnetic field intensity distribution rule residing for powdering and forming platform 1.Survey
Amount result shows that the magnetic field intensity fluctuation of shaping plane everywhere is less than 10-3T, shaping plane magnetic field strength can be approximately considered
It is equally distributed.Based on above measurement result, measuring coil is built in the top of electromagnetic inductor 4, measuring coil by the present invention
Coplanar with powdering and forming platform 1, measuring coil is connected with magnetic field measuring apparatus.
The device that the present invention slows down part stress using a kind of above-mentioned powder bed increasing material manufacturing electromagnetic induction slows down part stress
Method, specifically implement according to following steps：
Step 1, to base material 2 is installed on heating substrate 8 in formation cylinder 16, selective laser melting unit is opened, is started
Equipment master control system 14, open the second electromagnetism and power supply 13 occurs, export the alternating current of appropriate frequency, start to preheat to base material 2, when
When reaching predetermined preference temperature, equipment powder feeding and spreading mechanism performs powdering order, in base material upper berth first layer metal powder；
Step 2, after the completion for the treatment of first layer powdering, equipment master control system 14 sends order to powder feeding and spreading mechanism, and closing is sent
Powder powdering mechanism, while equipment master control system 14 sends and opens the instruction that power supply 11 occurs for the first electromagnetism, magnetic field measuring apparatus 10 will
Current magnetic field intensity is transferred on the display interface of equipment master control system 14, and laser scanning galvanometer works simultaneously, by part STL texts
Part information, scan instruction is performed, carry out first layer shaping；
Step 3, after treating first layer shaping, equipment master control system 14 sends order and closes the first electromagnetism generation power supply
11, instruction then is assigned to powder feeding and spreading mechanism, in the upper berth second layer metal powder of base material 2；
Step 4, repeat step 2 completes second layer shaping；
Step 5, repeat step 3,4 is until part scanning shaping terminates.
In forming process, the temperature signal detected is real-time transmitted to equipment master control system 14 by temperature sensor 12,
Equipment master control system 14 controls to adjust the output frequency of the second electromagnetism generation power supply 13 according to temperature signal, and magnetic field measuring apparatus 10 will
The magnetic field intensity signal measured is real-time transmitted to equipment master control system 14, and equipment master control system 14 is according to magnetic field intensity regulation the
The output frequency of power supply 11 occurs for one electromagnetism.
The present invention is starting to preheat to base material 2, if base material is aluminum alloy base material, highest preheating temperature is 300 DEG C；If base
Material is titanium alloy and high temperature alloy and steel substrate, then highest preheating temperature is 400 DEG C, should be according to processed base during start-up operation
Preheating temperature corresponding to material setting, when temperature is higher than preheating temperature, temperature sensor 12 is real-time by the temperature signal detected
Equipment master control system 14 is transferred to, equipment master control system 14 controls to adjust the second electromagnetism according to temperature signal and the defeated of power supply 13 occurs
Go out frequency, carry out temperature adjustment.
It is optimal as corresponding to the solidification of TC4 titanium alloys lf because optimum magnetic field intensity corresponding to different materials is different
Magnetic field intensity is 0.23T；Optimum magnetic field intensity is near 0.27T corresponding to nickel base superalloy.Using optimum magnetic field intensity as
Preset value input equipment central primary control system 14, the field strength values measured in real time according to magnetic field measuring apparatus carry out feedback compensation tune
Section, it is ensured that magnetic field intensity is stable in optimum value.
During part scanning shaping, with the increase of amount of powder in the decline of the height of Shaped substrates 2 and formation cylinder 16,
The heat transfer condition of heating substrate 8 and base material 2 is also constantly changing, and the thermal conductivity of powder is generally the same as material block gold
The 1/20 of category.Therefore, powder plays a very good insulation effect to being buried in formed Components therein, and this aspect ensures
The size and Orientation of the thermograde of forming process, still further aspect also reduce the second electromagnetism and power supply 13 occur due to temperature
Frequency fluctuation scope caused by compensation, be advantageous to equipment stable operation.Often scanning has shaped one layer, circulates said process, until
Part scanning shaping terminates.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of powder bed increasing material manufacturing electromagnetic induction slows down the device of part stress, it is characterised in that including formation cylinder (16), institute
State in formation cylinder (16) and be provided with motor (15), ball screw framework is connected with the output shaft of the motor (15)
(9), ball screw framework (9) other end is connected with heating substrate (8), and the heating substrate (8) is along formation cylinder (16)
Side wall is set, and described heating substrate (8) surrounding is integrated with electromagnetic generator (17), and around the formation cylinder (16), outer wall is provided with electricity
Magnetic inductor (4), the electromagnetic inductor (4) are arranged on formation cylinder (16) upper end, and the electromagnetic inductor (4) is connected with first
Power supply (11) occurs for electromagnetism, and the electromagnetic generator (17) is connected with the second electromagnetism and power supply (13), the first electromagnetism hair occurs
Raw power supply (11) and the second electromagnetism occur power supply (13) and are respectively connected with equipment master control system (14).
2. a kind of powder bed increasing material manufacturing electromagnetic induction according to claim 1 slows down the device of part stress, its feature exists
In the electromagnetic inductor (4) is built-in with the first magnet exciting coil (5), and the electromagnetic generator (17) is built-in with the second excitation wire
Enclose (6), second magnet exciting coil (6) connects the second electromagnetism and power supply (13), the first magnet exciting coil (5) connection first occurs
Power supply (11) occurs for electromagnetism.
3. a kind of powder bed increasing material manufacturing electromagnetic induction according to claim 1 slows down the device of part stress, its feature exists
In the electromagnetic inductor (4) is also associated with magnetic field measuring apparatus (10), and the magnetic field measuring apparatus (10) connects equipment master control system
(14)。
4. a kind of powder bed increasing material manufacturing electromagnetic induction according to claim 1 slows down the device of part stress, its feature exists
In described heat is additionally provided with temperature sensor (12) on substrate (8), the temperature sensor (12) connects equipment master control system
(14)。
5. a kind of powder bed increasing material manufacturing electromagnetic induction according to claim 2 slows down the device of part stress, its feature exists
In first magnet exciting coil (5) and the second magnet exciting coil (6) are to pound solenoid to be made of red copper material more.
6. a kind of powder bed increasing material manufacturing electromagnetic induction according to claim 1 slows down the device of part stress, its feature exists
In described heating substrate (8) top is provided with heat-conducting silica gel sheet (3), and heat-conducting silica gel sheet (3) top is additionally provided with shielding copper
Net.
7. a kind of powder bed increasing material manufacturing electromagnetic induction according to claim 1 slows down the device of part stress, its feature exists
In the heating substrate (8) is additionally provided with warming plate (7) with formation cylinder side wall contact position, and described heating substrate (8) bottom is also set
It is equipped with warming plate (7).
8. a kind of powder bed increasing material manufacturing electromagnetic induction according to claim 7 slows down the device of part stress, its feature exists
In warming plate (7) side is additionally provided with thermal insulation board.
9. the device for slowing down part stress using a kind of powder bed increasing material manufacturing electromagnetic induction as claimed in claim 1 slows down part
The method of stress, it is characterised in that specifically implement according to following steps：
Step 1, to base material (2) is installed in formation cylinder (16) on heating substrate (8), selective laser melting unit is opened, is opened
Dynamic equipment master control system (14), open the second electromagnetism and power supply (13) occurs, export the alternating current of appropriate frequency, start to base material
(2) preheat, when reaching predetermined preference temperature, equipment powder feeding and spreading mechanism performs powdering order, the first layer gold on base material upper berth
Belong to powder；
Step 2, after the completion for the treatment of first layer powdering, equipment master control system (14) sends order to powder feeding and spreading mechanism, closes powder feeding
Powdering mechanism, while equipment master control system (14) sends and opens the instruction that power supply (11) occurs for the first electromagnetism, magnetic field measuring apparatus
(10) current magnetic field intensity is transferred on equipment master control system (14) display interface, laser scanning galvanometer works simultaneously, presses
Part stl file information, scan instruction is performed, carry out first layer shaping；
Step 3, after treating first layer shaping, equipment master control system (14) sends order and closes the first electromagnetism generation power supply
(11) instruction then, is assigned to powder feeding and spreading mechanism, in base material (2) upper berth second layer metal powder；
Step 4, repeat step 2 completes second layer shaping；
Step 5, repeat step 3,4 is until part scanning shaping terminates.
10. the method according to claim 9 for slowing down part stress, it is characterised in that in forming process, TEMP
The temperature signal detected is real-time transmitted to equipment master control system (14) by device (12), and equipment master control system (14) is believed according to temperature
Number control to adjust the second electromagnetism occur power supply (13) output frequency, the magnetic field intensity signal that magnetic field measuring apparatus (10) will measure
Equipment master control system (14) is real-time transmitted to, equipment master control system (14) adjusts the first electromagnetism according to magnetic field intensity and power supply occurs
(11) output frequency.
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