CN107764323A - A kind of multi-parameter enclosed area danger Monitoring and forecasting system in real-time method - Google Patents
A kind of multi-parameter enclosed area danger Monitoring and forecasting system in real-time method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107764323A CN107764323A CN201710929771.2A CN201710929771A CN107764323A CN 107764323 A CN107764323 A CN 107764323A CN 201710929771 A CN201710929771 A CN 201710929771A CN 107764323 A CN107764323 A CN 107764323A
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of multi-parameter enclosed area danger Monitoring and forecasting system in real-time method, belongs to underground engineering monitoring technical field.This method includes surrounding rock stability and pollutant status monitoring two parts, and monitoring is carried out by underground part and well-surface part.This method first passes through obtained primary data setting threshold value of warning, then carries out routine Assessment of Surrounding Rock Stability, is as a result divided into：It is safe, unstable and dangerous.When surrounding rock stability is dangerous, implement closing measure, when surrounding rock stability is unstable, carries out pollutant leakage security evaluation, be as a result divided into：It is safe with it is dangerous.When pollutant leakage security evaluation result is dangerous, implement closing measure.This method can effectively obtain the data that may determine that Safety of Surrounding Rock and the data for judging pollutant stability.Carry out assessing the judgement that can be made in real time to different monitoring section pollutant spillage risks by data, and danger zone can be responded in time.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to underground engineering monitoring technical field, particularly relates to a kind of dangerous monitoring in real time in multi-parameter enclosed area
Method for early warning.
Background technology
Domestic waste, which is such as dealt with improperly, can pollute soil, polluted source, produce pernicious gas and harm is attached
The harmful effects such as nearly resident.Fixed-end forces method main at present has:Landfill, burn, compost and recycle.These solid wastes
Although processing method has the technology and engineering experience of maturation, but can not solve the problems such as to secondary environmental pollution.
The research team of University of Science ＆ Technology, Beijing in 2015 devises a kind of side for sealing rubbish after harmless treatment up for safekeeping using mine worked-out section
Method, patent of invention are entitled《A kind of filling coal mining method of high initial strength》., can be effectively by discarded object based on this method
Isolate with biosphere, but harmful substance present in municipal refuse, such as：The organic matter of heavy metal and residual, has to underground water
And the potential hazard of surrounding construction area.Therefore there is still a need for being monitored to pollutant stability after closing is filled deeply.
Chinese patent CN205484378U discloses a kind of apparatus and method for monitoring many kinds of parameters in refuse landfill, energy
Remotely monitor various landfill field parameters.But this equipment aims at Design of Waste Landfill Site, underground can not be applied to, especially containing
Having in the colliery of gas to be used, and country rock situation can not be monitored.Chinese patent CN105675052A is disclosed
A kind of test device and method of multi-parameter monitoring cemented fill.The many kinds of parameters of cemented fill can be detected.But its nothing
Method accomplishes long-term monitoring in real time, and without the specific aim to the monitoring of urban field house refuse obturation.
The present invention is to store or sealing up for safekeeping the multi-parameters real-time monitoring system of design with discarding object depth, can monitor filling area
The security of the surrounding rock stability in domain and potential leakage pollution thing.
The content of the invention
Closed area geology is joined during being sealed up for safekeeping under for solution municipal refuse or other discarded object depths environment of the invention
A kind of real-time monitoring problem of number and pollutant situation, there is provided multi-parameter enclosed area danger Monitoring and forecasting system in real-time method.
This method includes surrounding rock stability monitoring and pollutant status monitoring two parts, detailed process are as follows：
(1) when being monitored early warning to sealing region up for safekeeping with discarding object depth, pass through obtained primary data and set threshold value of warning；
(2) surrounding rock stability monitoring and evaluation is carried out, evaluation result is divided into：It is safe, unstable and dangerous；
(3) when Assessment of Surrounding Rock Stability is dangerous in step (2), closing measure is implemented；
(4) when Assessment of Surrounding Rock Stability is unstable in step (2), pollutant status monitoring evaluation, evaluation knot are carried out
Fruit is divided into：It is safe with it is dangerous；
(5) when pollutant state evaluation result is dangerous in step (4), closing measure is implemented.
Surrounding rock stability monitoring index includes in step (2)：The microseism occurred in relative stress, closed area in country rock
The misalignment of event, country rock,
Wherein, relative stress variability indexσtThe stress value monitored for certain moment；σμFor sample standard deviation
Value；
Microseismic event activity indexReIt is time step away from interior microseismic event gross energy；RpTo monitor step pitch
The interior microseismic event frequency；Re0For energy deposit index；Rp0For frequency deposit index；KsCoefficient is influenceed for the frequency；
Displacement abnormal indexSiFor shift length；S` is deposit index；
The synthesis evaluation index of surrounding rock stability monitoringb1、b2、b3Weighed for comprehensive descision
Weight, b1、b2、b3With for 3, b1、b2、b3Concrete numerical value is obtained by discussing.
When surrounding rock stability monitors, first to occur in the relative stress in country rock, closed area microseismic event, country rock
Misalignment single index is monitored early warning, then the synthesis evaluation index monitored using surrounding rock stability is monitored early warning；When
Relative stress variability index, microseismic event activity index, displacement abnormal index and the synthesis evaluation index of surrounding rock stability monitoring
In have one when exceeding threshold value of warning, evaluation result be it is unstable, when relative stress variability index, microseismic event activity index,
When exceeding threshold value of warning in displacement abnormal index and the synthesis evaluation index of surrounding rock stability monitoring, evaluation result is danger.
Pollutant status monitoring index includes in step (4)：Osmotic pressure in the concentration and obturator of gas pollutant
Power, when the osmotic pressure in the concentration of gas pollutant and obturator exceedes threshold value of warning, evaluation result is dangerous.
For monitoring and pre-alarming method at monitoring and warning closed area, the monitoring system used is divided into underground and well-surface part, well
In lower part, different monitoring segmentations is divided into each discarded object danger, is individually assessed in each segmentation；Well-surface part
The data transmitted by underground monitoring equipment carry out the assessment of surrounding rock stability.
Underground part includes underground looped network, underground main frame, underground substation and sensor, and the sensor includes osmotic pressure
Sensor, gas sensor, roof delamination displacement transducer, displacement transducer, anchor pole/rope strain gauge and microseism sensing
Device, will after the monitoring sensor of fill area receives the change of physical state in country rock, obturator and space
Physical signalling is converted into 4-20mA/0-20V electric signal, is transmitted by communication cable to underground substation, underground substation total amount
Underground main frame is transmitted to after, underground main frame converts electrical signals to optical signal, is transmitted through optical cable and underground looped network to earth's surface.
Well-surface part includes earth's surface monitoring main frame, data display equipment, data handling machine and remote data terminal,
The data summarization that earth's surface monitoring main frame arrives underground monitoring, carries out data processing, the data after processing pass through using configuration software
Data handling machine is analysed in depth and risk assessment, and remote data terminal notifies related director underground monitoring feelings in time
Condition.
The above-mentioned technical proposal of the present invention has the beneficial effect that：
As a result of such scheme, the present invention is using microseismic sensors, strain gauge and displacement transducer to sealing up for safekeeping
Region wall rock geology parameter is monitored, and effectively can obtain may determine that the data of Safety of Surrounding Rock；Use methane transducer
Potential pollutant is monitored with osmometer, can effectively obtain may determine that the data of pollutant stability.Pass through data
Carry out assessing the judgement that can be made in real time to different monitoring section pollutant spillage risks, and danger zone can be made in time
Response.
Brief description of the drawings
The multi-parameter enclosed area danger Monitoring and forecasting system in real-time method early warning system integral arrangement structure that Fig. 1 is the present invention is shown
It is intended to；
Fig. 2 is point layout figure when applying within coal mines of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the method for early warning flow chart that the present invention uses；
Fig. 4 is method for early warning structure chart of the present invention.
Embodiment
To make the technical problem to be solved in the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and tool
Body embodiment is described in detail.
To closed area geologic parameter during being sealed up for safekeeping under for municipal refuse or other discarded object depths environment of the invention
A kind of and real-time monitoring problem of pollutant situation, there is provided multi-parameter enclosed area danger Monitoring and forecasting system in real-time method.
This method includes surrounding rock stability monitoring and pollutant status monitoring two parts, detailed process are as follows：
(1) when being monitored early warning to sealing region up for safekeeping with discarding object depth, pass through obtained primary data and set threshold value of warning；
(2) surrounding rock stability monitoring and evaluation is carried out, evaluation result is divided into：It is safe, unstable and dangerous；
(3) when Assessment of Surrounding Rock Stability is dangerous in step (2), closing measure is implemented；
(4) when Assessment of Surrounding Rock Stability is unstable in step (2), pollutant status monitoring evaluation, evaluation knot are carried out
Fruit is divided into：It is safe with it is dangerous；
(5) when pollutant state evaluation result is dangerous in step (4), closing measure is implemented.
For the monitoring and pre-alarming method at monitoring and warning closed area, the monitoring system used is divided into underground and well-surface part,
In underground part, different monitoring segmentations is divided into each discarded object danger, is individually assessed in each segmentation；Well top
The data transmitted by underground monitoring equipment are divided to carry out the assessment of surrounding rock stability.
Underground part includes underground looped network, underground main frame, underground substation and sensor, and the sensor includes osmotic pressure
Sensor, gas sensor, roof delamination displacement transducer, displacement transducer, anchor pole/rope strain gauge and microseism sensing
Device, will after the monitoring sensor of fill area receives the change of physical state in country rock, obturator and space
Physical signalling is converted into 4-20mA/0-20V electric signal, is transmitted by communication cable to underground substation, underground substation total amount
Underground main frame is transmitted to after, underground main frame converts electrical signals to optical signal, is transmitted through optical cable and underground looped network to earth's surface.Its
In, the infiltration situation in osmotic pressure sensor monitoring obturator (yellow mud)；Gas in tunnel after gas sensor monitors closing
Concentration；The equipment of monitoring surrounding rock displacement is divided into two kinds：When filling within coal mines, because coal mining mining height is small, the big spy of span
Point, its wall rock geology activity are concentrated mainly in roof strata, and top plate displacement is supervised using roof delamination displacement transducer
Survey；In metallic ore and Rare Earth Mine goaf filling, using displacement transducer according to different goaf spatial depictions, to difference
Position country rock is monitored；Country rock relative stress is monitored using anchor pole/rope strain gauge；Use microseismic sensors pair
Fill area microseismic event is monitored.
Well-surface part includes earth's surface monitoring main frame, data display equipment, data handling machine and remote data terminal,
The data summarization that earth's surface monitoring main frame arrives underground monitoring, carries out data processing, the data after processing pass through using configuration software
Data handling machine is analysed in depth and risk assessment, and remote data terminal notifies related director underground monitoring feelings in time
Condition.
Fig. 1 be the present invention integral arrangement structural representation, multi-parameter enclosed area danger Monitoring and forecasting system in real-time method bag
Well-surface part and underground part are included, underground part includes underground looped network, underground main frame, underground substation and multiple sensors.It is described
Sensor include：Use the infiltration situation in osmotic pressure sensor monitoring obturator (yellow mud)；Supervised using gas sensor
Survey the monitoring of gas concentration in tunnel after closing；The equipment of monitoring surrounding rock displacement is divided into two kinds：When filling within coal mines, due to coal
The characteristics of ore deposit exploitation mining height is small, and span is big, its wall rock geology activity is concentrated mainly in roof strata, uses roof delamination displacement
Sensor is monitored to top plate displacement；In metallic ore and Rare Earth Mine goaf filling, using displacement transducer according to not
With goaf spatial depiction, diverse location country rock is monitored；Country rock relative stress is entered using anchor pole/rope strain gauge
Row monitoring；Fill area microseismic event is monitored using microseismic sensors.Monitoring device installed in fill area receives
To after the change of the physical state in country rock, obturator and space, physical signalling is converted into 4-20mA/0-20V standard
Electric signal, entered communication cable and transmitted to underground monitoring substation, underground main frame, underground main frame are passed along after substation combined data
Optical signal is converted electrical signals to, is transmitted through optical cable and underground looped network to earth's surface.
Well-surface part is by earth's surface monitoring main frame, data display equipment, data handling machine and can log in high in the clouds number
According to remote data terminal form.The data summarization that earth's surface main frame arrives underground monitoring, data processing is carried out using configuration software
Processing.Monitoring device after processing is analysed in depth and risk assessment by special early warning platform in data handling machine.
The effect of remote data terminal is to be moved easily office, notifies related director underground monitoring situation in time.
Fig. 2 is point layout figure when applying within coal mines of the present invention.Described underground part is in installation process, often
A set of every certain monitoring section installation, monitoring section deposition step is as follows：
(1) monitoring section is divided：The spatial form of filling area is taken into full account, divides monitoring section.Such as：Examined in coal mine gob
Consider that face length is longer, every 150-200m filling area is divided into a monitoring section.In the application of metallic ore, consider
Different recovery methods sets monitoring section, when the height of vertical direction is very big, sets the measuring point of different height.
(2) monitoring device is installed：Gas sensor is arranged in the adjacent tunnel of fill area.Within coal mines, with work
Make the propulsion in face, respectively in the country rock or coal body of two crossheadings in corresponding measuring point position installation monitoring device, each monitoring section
Two osmotic pressure sensors of middle arrangement and anchor pole (rope) stress monitoring meter, and a microseismic sensors.In each monitoring section
In in the rock stratum on solid waste obturation top 2-3 top plate displacement meter of equidistant placement or multipoint displacement meter.Using afterwards filling
Metallic ore in, different measuring points install corresponding instrument.
(3) maintenance line：After packing job and monitoring device installation terminate, after being closed according to corresponding measure, line is safeguarded
Road.
Fig. 3 is the method for early warning flow chart that the present invention uses.Fig. 4 is method for early warning structure chart of the present invention.
Well-surface part is integrated various Monitoring Datas using configuration software, is shown in earth's surface main frame and data handling machine
On, it is easy to further analyze and process.
Early warning platform is in monitoring process, first, obtains primary data, formulates different warning grades：Normally, it is unstable
It is fixed and dangerous, represented on computers with green, yellow, red respectively.
Early warning platform is carried out single index to surrounding rock stability first and commented by obtained pressure, microseism and displacement data
Estimate, reuse Joint Index and assessed, when state of surrounding rock is stable, show that the possibility for producing leakage path is very small, because
This judges that closed system is safety.
Early warning platform shows that wall rock geology activity is more frequent when assessment result is unstable, and it is logical that leakage is produced in country rock
The possibility on road is higher.
Early warning platform is when surrounding rock stability evaluation structure is unstable, using gas-liquid pollutant monitoring data, to envelope
Solid waste pollutant risk of leakage in system is closed to be assessed.When Monitoring Data is not less than threshold value of warning, show gas-liquid pollutant
Concentration is smaller and when the possibility of rapid growth in a short time is not present, judges closed system safety；Otherwise, it is determined that closed system is not
Safety.
When early warning platform judges generally dangerous, implement closed for second time measure, enter again after closed for second time measure is completed
Row pollutant risk of leakage is assessed, and shows that closed for second time measure effect is bad when being determined as dangerous, then carries out Seal treatment,
Until No leakage risk.
The surrounding rock stability warning index used is as follows：
(1) relative stress index
By relative stress variability index IσWarning index as adjoining rock stability sexual abnormality：
In formula：σtThe stress value monitored for certain moment；σμFor sample average.
(2) microseism warning index
In certain time step pitch (being usually one day), the frequency R of microseismic event generation in spacepAnd all microseismic events
The energy R of releasee, it is commonly used in safe early warning when deep shaft sinking is exploited, when big geologic event occurring in general country rock,
The two parameters can raise extremely.Therefore, nondimensional microseismic event activity index I is setwTo react microseismic event in country rock
Situation of change：
In formula：ReIt is time step away from interior microseismic event gross energy；RpFor the microseismic event frequency in monitoring step pitch；Re0For energy
Measure deposit index；Rp0For frequency deposit index；KsCoefficient is influenceed for the frequency.
(3) change in displacement warning index
The displacement of state of surrounding rock is the macro manifestations of country rock structure destruction, and when displacement occurs, enclosed construction is very possible
Also destroyed, therefore when judging displacement state, use displacement abnormal index Id：
In formula：SiFor shift length；S` is deposit index
(4) combined pre-warning index
The meaning of combined pre-warning index is set to be：When each single index all significant changes are but not above respective early warning threshold
During value, Joint Index can make early warning to the overall variation of each parameter.Use nondimensional synthesis evaluation index IRTo judge to enclose
Rock stability:
In formula：b1、b2、b3For comprehensive descision weight and it is 3, discusses to obtain by expert and field engineer.
Surrounding rock stability evaluation process is as follows：
By Primary Stage Data, the threshold value of warning for formulating each parameter is discussed, splits data into normal, unstable and danger
Danger.When assessing surrounding rock stability, above four warning indexs are considered.It is that surrounding rock stability is dangerous abundant bar below
Part：
(1) relative stress warning index exceedes danger early warning threshold value.
(2) microseismic event warning index exceedes danger early warning threshold value.
(3) displacement warning index exceedes danger early warning threshold value.
(4) combined pre-warning index exceedes danger early warning threshold value.
It is that surrounding rock stability is normal necessary condition below：
(1) relative stress warning index is not above danger early warning threshold value.
(2) microseismic event warning index is not above unstable threshold value of warning.
(3) displacement warning index is not above unstable threshold value of warning.
(4) combined pre-warning index is not above unstable threshold value of warning.
Surrounding rock stability is determined as unstable by other situations.
The pollutant security warning index used is as follows：
When assessing pollutant spillage risk, gas and liquid pollutant state are considered respectively.It will monitor
Gas existing concentration CnAnd change in concentration trend line slope b in certain timenAs the warning index for assessing danger.For
Liquid pollutant, pore pressure Π at measuring point is obtained using osmometer in obturatori, as warning index.
Pollutant security assessment procedure is as follows：
By Primary Stage Data, the threshold value of warning of each parameter is formulated, is splitted data into normally, it is unstable and dangerous.It is dirty
Dye thing state is determined as that the adequate condition of danger is as follows：
(1) gas pollutant concentration exceedes danger threshold
(2) gas pollutant concentration trends line slope exceedes danger threshold
(3) adjacent 3 osmometers continue to exceed threshold value of warning during M
By each early-warning parameterses real-time display in data handling machine.
As a result of such scheme, the present invention is using microseismic sensors, strain gauge and displacement transducer to sealing up for safekeeping
Region wall rock geology parameter is monitored, and effectively can obtain may determine that the data of Safety of Surrounding Rock；Use gas sensor
Potential pollutant is monitored with osmometer, can effectively obtain may determine that the data of pollutant stability.Pass through data
Carry out assessing the judgement that can be made in real time to different monitoring section pollutant spillage risks, and danger zone can be made in time
Response.
Described above is the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for those skilled in the art
For, on the premise of principle of the present invention is not departed from, some improvements and modifications can also be made, these improvements and modifications
It should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
- A kind of 1. multi-parameter enclosed area danger Monitoring and forecasting system in real-time method, it is characterised in that：Including surrounding rock stability monitoring and Pollutant status monitoring two parts, detailed process are as follows：(1) when being monitored early warning to sealing region up for safekeeping with discarding object depth, pass through obtained primary data and set threshold value of warning；(2) surrounding rock stability monitoring and evaluation is carried out, evaluation result is divided into：It is safe, unstable and dangerous；(3) when Assessment of Surrounding Rock Stability is dangerous in step (2), closing measure is implemented；(4) when Assessment of Surrounding Rock Stability is unstable in step (2), pollutant status monitoring evaluation, evaluation result point are carried out For：It is safe with it is dangerous；(5) when pollutant state evaluation result is dangerous in step (4), closing measure is implemented.
- 2. danger Monitoring and forecasting system in real-time method in multi-parameter enclosed area according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step Suddenly surrounding rock stability monitoring index includes in (2)：The microseismic event that occurs in relative stress, closed area in country rock, country rock Misalignment,Wherein, relative stress variability indexσtThe stress value monitored for certain moment；σμFor sample average；Microseismic event activity indexReIt is time step away from interior microseismic event gross energy；RpFor in monitoring step pitch The microseismic event frequency；Re0For energy deposit index；Rp0For frequency deposit index；KsCoefficient is influenceed for the frequency；Displacement abnormal indexSiFor shift length；S` is deposit index；The synthesis evaluation index of surrounding rock stability monitoringb1、b2、b3For comprehensive descision weight, b1、b2、b3With for 3, b1、b2、b3Concrete numerical value is obtained by discussing.
- 3. danger Monitoring and forecasting system in real-time method in multi-parameter enclosed area according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：It is described to enclose During rock STABILITY MONITORING, first to occur in the relative stress in country rock, closed area microseismic event, the misalignment list of country rock Index is monitored early warning, then the synthesis evaluation index monitored using surrounding rock stability is monitored early warning；When relative stress becomes Changing in index, microseismic event activity index, displacement abnormal index and the synthesis evaluation index of surrounding rock stability monitoring has one to surpass When crossing threshold value of warning, evaluation result is unstable, when relative stress variability index, microseismic event activity index, displacement refer to extremely When exceeding threshold value of warning in number and the synthesis evaluation index of surrounding rock stability monitoring, evaluation result is danger.
- 4. danger Monitoring and forecasting system in real-time method in multi-parameter enclosed area according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step Suddenly pollutant status monitoring index includes in (4)：Osmotic pressure in the concentration and obturator of gas pollutant, when gas is dirty When osmotic pressure in the concentration and obturator of dye thing exceedes threshold value of warning, evaluation result is dangerous.
- 5. danger Monitoring and forecasting system in real-time method in multi-parameter enclosed area according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The prison Method for early warning is surveyed at monitoring and warning closed area, the monitoring system that uses is divided into underground and well-surface part, in underground part, often Different monitoring segmentations is divided into individual discarded object danger, is individually assessed in each segmentation；Well-surface part is supervised by underground The data that measurement equipment transmits carry out the assessment of surrounding rock stability.
- 6. danger Monitoring and forecasting system in real-time method in multi-parameter enclosed area according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：The well Lower part includes underground looped network, underground main frame, underground substation and sensor, and the sensor includes osmotic pressure sensor, gas Body sensor, roof delamination displacement transducer, displacement transducer, anchor pole/rope strain gauge and microseismic sensors, installed in filling Fill out region monitoring sensor receive the change of physical state in country rock, obturator and space after, physical signalling is turned 4-20mA/0-20V electric signal is turned to, is transmitted by communication cable to underground substation, well is transmitted to after underground substation combined data Lower main frame, underground main frame convert electrical signals to optical signal, are transmitted through optical cable and underground looped network to earth's surface.
- 7. danger Monitoring and forecasting system in real-time method in multi-parameter enclosed area according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：The well Upper part includes earth's surface monitoring main frame, data display equipment, data handling machine and remote data terminal, earth's surface monitoring master The data summarization that machine arrives underground monitoring, data processing is carried out using configuration software, the data after processing pass through data processing meter Calculation machine is analysed in depth and risk assessment, and remote data terminal notifies related director underground monitoring situation in time.
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| CN112443357A (en) * | 2020-11-25 | 2021-03-05 | 攀枝花学院 | Intelligent early warning method for monitoring stability of surrounding rock of mine roadway |
| CN113888063A (en) * | 2021-12-08 | 2022-01-04 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Quantitative assessment method, device and equipment for overall stability of surrounding rock of underground cavern |
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