CN107704012A - Photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter maximum power tracking method under a kind of non-uniform irradiation - Google Patents

Photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter maximum power tracking method under a kind of non-uniform irradiation Download PDF

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CN107704012A
CN107704012A CN201711050562.7A CN201711050562A CN107704012A CN 107704012 A CN107704012 A CN 107704012A CN 201711050562 A CN201711050562 A CN 201711050562A CN 107704012 A CN107704012 A CN 107704012A
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photovoltaic
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voltage
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CN107704012B (en
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黄磊
舒杰
吴昌宏
王浩
张继元
吴志锋
崔琼
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Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of CAS
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Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of CAS
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
    • G05F1/66—Regulating electric power
    • G05F1/67—Regulating electric power to the maximum power available from a generator, e.g. from solar cell
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    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers

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Abstract

Photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter maximum power tracking method under a kind of non-uniform irradiation, it comprises the following steps：(1) inverter parameters initialize, and initialize inverter maximal power tracing parameter；(2) judge inverter current operating state, if stable state, then local maxima power tracking is carried out, otherwise into step (3)；(3) judge whether photovoltaic matrix occurs uneven irradiation by irradiating detection, if so, then carrying out global maximum power scanning, perform step (4), if it is not, then performing step (2)；(4) global maximum power scans.The present invention is by judging whether uneven irradiation, and to uneven irradiation situation by the way of global maximum power scanning, hardware device need not increased, global maximum power scanning algorithm can efficiently be started, solves the Multi-maximum point maximal power tracing problem of photovoltaic array under non-uniform irradiation, the maximal power tracing ability of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter is set to be adapted to different irradiation and temperature, to improve the power output of photovoltaic system.

Description

Photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter maximum power tracking method under a kind of non-uniform irradiation
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of photovoltaic power generation, and in particular to photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter is maximum under to a kind of non-uniform irradiation Power tracking method.
Background technology
With the decline of photovoltaic generation cost and the lifting of efficiency, photovoltaic generation is rapidly developed in recent years.Photovoltaic is inverse For more than 99% can be reached by becoming device nominal maximum power tracking efficiency, but the data are just for the situation of Uniform Irradiation. Irradiate it is uneven in the case of, photovoltaic arrays may form the P-V curves with multiple extreme points, so that traditional maximum Power tracking method fails.Schematic diagram for photovoltaic arrays by two kinds of situations of uneven irradiation as shown in Figure 1, Fig. 2 are two kinds P-V curves caused by photovoltaic arrays under uneven irradiation.The P-V curves of irradiation 1 as shown in Fig. 1 (a) generate multiple poles It is worth point, the P-V curves of the irradiation 2 shown in Fig. 1 (b) do not produce multiple extreme points.In the case of Fig. 1 (a) irradiation, the overall situation is most It is high-power that in P-V curves, the 3rd extreme point, the maximum tracking of tradition enter irradiation not in the situation of uniform irradiation from right to left The maximum power point that uniform situation generally searches for is P-V curves first extreme point, therefore photovoltaic in the case from right to left Square formation output is serious to be reduced.
To solve the problems, such as maximal power tracing of the photovoltaic arrays under uneven irradiation, mainly three class maximum works are used at present Rate tracking technique, that is, improve conventional method, intelligent algorithm and the method based on photovoltaic arrays topological structure.Wherein improve tradition side Method and intelligent algorithm are the common methods of current Multi-maximum point maximal power tracing, and this two classes method all refers to algorithm and restarts judgement Process, generally include following several method：(1) judged only with changed power；(2) only with electric current and triggered time Judged；(3) judged using power and voltage；(4) judged using power and electric current；(5) voltage and electricity are used The mode of stream is judged.Whether these method majorities cannot distinguish between there occurs uneven irradiation, be generally only to be produced in irradiation Restart algorithm search global maximum power after certain change.Set judgement parameter can cause algorithm repeatedly to weigh if too small Open, so as to influence generating efficiency, parameter is excessive, and algorithm can be caused to restart susceptibility decline, and when irradiation change but algorithm does not weigh Open, if now there are multiple extreme points and operating point is not maximum power point, may seriously reduce photovoltaic arrays power output.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter maximum power tracking method under a kind of non-uniform irradiation, solution are equal by no means The Multi-maximum point maximal power tracing problem of photovoltaic array under even irradiation, make the maximal power tracing ability of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter can be with Different irradiation and temperature are adapted to, to improve the power output of photovoltaic system.
To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the technical scheme that：
Photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter maximum power tracking method under a kind of non-uniform irradiation, it comprises the following steps：
(1) inverter parameters initialize, and initialize inverter maximal power tracing parameter；
(2) the inverter current fluctuation of preset time internal power, voltage pulsation and working condition (stable state/dynamic) are judged, If preset time internal power fluctuates and voltage pulsation is more than preset value, and current operating state is stable state, then carries out local maxima Power tracking：Using the local maxima power of PI variable steps conductance increment method search inverter, otherwise into step (3)；
(3) judge whether photovoltaic matrix occurs uneven irradiation by irradiating detection, if so, then carrying out global maximum power Scanning, step (4) is performed, if it is not, then performing step (2)；
(4) global maximum power scans：Scanning sequency is set according to electrical parameter, several references are set in scanning process Electrical parameter and scanning end condition, local maxima is nearby carried out with reference to electrical parameter to each using PI variable steps conductance increment method Power scan, and obtain each with reference to the power extreme point near electrical parameter, until triggering end condition, output current record are complete The voltage of office's maximum power point, into step (2).
The present invention is swept by judging whether uneven irradiation, and to uneven irradiation situation using global maximum power The mode retouched, without increasing hardware device, multiple power whether can be generated by uneven irradiation at the various temperature of accurate judgement Extreme value, and (0.01P can be realized with higher sensitivitymChanged power detection), can efficiently start global maximum Power scan algorithm, solve the Multi-maximum point maximal power tracing problem of photovoltaic array under non-uniform irradiation, make photovoltaic inversion The maximal power tracing ability of device is adapted to different irradiation and temperature, to improve the power output of photovoltaic system.
Further, the parameter includes parallel photovoltaic package count, tandem photovoltaic package count, photovoltaic module power temperature system Number, photovoltaic module voltage temperature coefficient, photovoltaic module series-connected cell number, photovoltaic module maximum power point voltage, photovoltaic module are most High-power electric current and peak power.
Further, the step 2 includes following sub-step：
(2-1) judges the current preset time internal power fluctuation of inverter, voltage pulsation and working condition (stable state/dynamic State), if the fluctuation of preset time internal power and voltage pulsation are more than preset value, and current operating state is stable state, then into step (2-2), otherwise into step (3)；
(2-2) obtains dutycycle D (k)：
If Δ D (k) Δs D (k-1) >=0, ifDutycycle is arranged to D (k)=D (k-1)+Δ D (k), ifDutycycle is arranged to D (k)=D (k-1)+l Δ D (k), and wherein Δ D (k) is dutycycle adjusting step, according to The P-V slopes of curve select, K2For preset constant, l is step-length regulation coefficient, and
If present operating point is close to extreme point, i.e. Δ D (k) Δs D (k-1) ＜ 0, then Δ D (k)=- Δ D (k-1)/2, duty D (k)=D (k-1)+Δ D (k) is arranged to than D (k)；
Voltage corresponding to local maxima power is calculated in (2-3)Vin(k) it is kth time iteration Inverter input voltage；
(2-4) exports current record local maxima power and its corresponding voltage.
As a modification of the present invention, the step (3) judges whether photovoltaic matrix occurs inequality by irradiating detection The concrete mode of even irradiation is：If formula (1) and (2) any of which are set up, uneven irradiation as occurs,
| Δ V |=| Vpv-Vmpc| ＞ Δs VSET (1)
ndw＞ 1 (2)
Wherein,VpvElectricity is inputted for inverter Pressure, NserFor the series component number of photovoltaic group string, T is photovoltaic arrays temperature, Vmp,md,STCFor photovoltaic module peak power under mark condition Point voltage, NsFor series-connected cell number, βocFor voltage temperature coefficient, n is Diode Ideality Factor, and k is Bo Erciman constants, and q is Electron charge, ImpFor photovoltaic arrays maximum power point electric current, Imp,STCFor photovoltaic arrays maximum power point electric current under mark condition, Δ VSETFor preset reference value, ndwTo bypass photovoltaic module number, ndwJudged to obtain by photovoltaic arrays output voltage.
As a modification of the present invention, the step (4) specifically includes following sub-step：
(4-1) is scanned from big to small by voltage, gives reference voltage VSET(nw), reference voltage is：
nwInitial value is photovoltaic group string series component number Nser, T is photovoltaic arrays temperature, Vmp,md,STCFor photovoltaic group under mark condition Part maximum power point voltage, NsFor series-connected cell number, βocFor voltage temperature coefficient, n is Diode Ideality Factor, k Bo Erci Graceful constant, q are electron charge, ImpFor photovoltaic arrays maximum power point electric current, Imp,STCFor photovoltaic arrays peak power under mark condition Point electric current；
(4-2) is using the given reference voltage V of PI variable steps conductance increment method searchSET(nw) neighbouring power extreme point, look for To after local maximum power point, the power and its corresponding voltage are recorded；
(4-3) makes nw=nw- 1, give the reference voltage V of next power extreme pointSET(nw), perform step (4-2)；
(4-4) is more than when the new reference voltage MPPT voltages minimum less than inverter or the current input power of inverter During the estimated value of next extreme point power, stop search, export the voltage of current global maximum power point, into step (2).
Further, the step (4-2) includes following sub-step：
(4-2-1) obtains the duty cycle delta D of k iterationg(k) it is：
Dg(k)=Dg(k-1)+kg(k)ΔDg(k),
According toSelect dutycycle adjusting step Δ Dg, and material calculation regulation coefficient k (k)g(k),
Voltage corresponding to local maxima power is calculated in (4-2-2)Vin(k) it is kth time iteration Inverter input voltage；
(4-2-3) records local maxima power and its corresponding voltage.
Further, in the step (4-4), the estimated value P of next extreme point powerc(T,nw- 1) it is：
N in formulaserFor the series component number of photovoltaic group string, T is photovoltaic arrays temperature, nwInitial value is connected for photovoltaic group string Package count Nser, Pmp,STCFor the mark condition power of solar irradiation, TSTCThe mark condition temperature of solar irradiation, γmFor photovoltaic module power temperature Spend coefficient.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has advantages below：
The present invention is swept by judging whether uneven irradiation, and to uneven irradiation situation using global maximum power The mode retouched, without increasing hardware device, multiple power whether can be generated by uneven irradiation at the various temperature of accurate judgement Extreme value, and (0.01P can be realized with higher sensitivitymChanged power detection), can efficiently start global maximum Power scan algorithm, solve the Multi-maximum point maximal power tracing problem of photovoltaic array under non-uniform irradiation, make photovoltaic inversion The maximal power tracing ability of device is adapted to different irradiation and temperature, to improve the power output of photovoltaic system.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the two kinds of situations (a) and (b) that photovoltaic arrays receive uneven irradiation；
Fig. 2 is two kinds of uneven irradiations (a) and the P-V curves of (b)；
Fig. 3 is the flow chart of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter maximum power tracking method under non-uniform irradiation of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of photovoltaic parallel in system structure；
Fig. 5 is photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter control block diagram；
Fig. 6 is maximal power tracing result figure of the present invention respectively in 25 DEG C and 50 DEG C under irradiation sudden change conditions；
Fig. 7 is maximal power tracing result figure of the present invention respectively in 25 DEG C and 50 DEG C under irradiation gradient conditions.
Embodiment
Present disclosure is described in further details with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.It is appreciated that It is that specific embodiment described herein is used only for explaining the present invention, rather than limitation of the invention.Further need exist for illustrating , for the ease of description, part related to the present invention rather than full content are illustrate only in accompanying drawing.
The present invention is applied to the photovoltaic generation occasion that irradiation is complicated and is had a great influence by uneven irradiation, such as large-scale light Overhead utility and BIPV application model, present invention can apply to single-stage and twin-stage photovoltaic combining inverter.Here with Illustrated exemplified by twin-stage combining inverter, photovoltaic parallel in system structure and photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter control block diagram are as shown in Figures 4 and 5. Present invention is generally directed to photovoltaic arrays under uneven irradiation, because of bypass diode and each tandem photovoltaic component output characteristics not Match somebody with somebody and form multiple power extreme points, the detection of uneven irradiation is realized using judgment step, and increase using PI variable steps conductance Amount method quickly carries out coarse scanning after triggering global maximum power scanning to peak power, and search enters local maximum work after terminating Rate tracks process, using PI variable steps conductance increment method to maximum power point accurate tracking, realizes under different temperatures and irradiation The maximal power tracing of photovoltaic arrays.It is 1000W/M to refer to solar irradiation under mark condition mentioned in the present invention2, temperature is 20 DEG C of operating mode.
Embodiment 1
It refer to Fig. 3, photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter maximum power tracking method under a kind of non-uniform irradiation, it comprises the following steps：
(1) inverter parameters initialize, and initialize inverter maximal power tracing parameter；
The parameter includes parallel photovoltaic package count, tandem photovoltaic package count, photovoltaic module power temperature coefficient, photovoltaic group Part voltage temperature coefficient, photovoltaic module series-connected cell number, photovoltaic module maximum power point voltage, photovoltaic module maximum power point electricity Stream and peak power.
(2) the inverter current fluctuation of preset time internal power, voltage pulsation and working condition (stable state/dynamic) are judged, If preset time internal power fluctuates and voltage pulsation is more than preset value, and current operating state is stable state, then carries out local maxima Power tracking：Using the local maxima power of PI variable steps conductance increment method search inverter, otherwise into step (3)；
Specifically, the step 2 includes following sub-step：
(2-1) judges the current preset time internal power fluctuation of inverter, voltage pulsation and working condition (stable state/dynamic State), if the fluctuation of preset time internal power and voltage pulsation are more than preset value, and current operating state is stable state, then into step (2-2), otherwise into step (3)；
(2-2) obtains dutycycle D (k)：
If Δ D (k) Δs D (k-1) >=0, ifDutycycle is arranged to D (k)=D (k-1)+Δ D (k), ifDutycycle is arranged to D (k)=D (k-1)+l Δ D (k), and wherein Δ D (k) is dutycycle adjusting step, according to The P-V slopes of curve select, K2For preset constant, l is step-length regulation coefficient, and
If present operating point is close to extreme point, i.e. Δ D (k) Δs D (k-1) ＜ 0, then Δ D (k)=- Δ D (k-1)/2, duty D (k)=D (k-1)+Δ D (k) is arranged to than D (k)；
Voltage corresponding to local maxima power is calculated in (2-3)Vin(k) it is kth time iteration Inverter input voltage；
(2-4) exports current record local maxima power and its corresponding voltage.
(3) judge whether photovoltaic matrix occurs uneven irradiation by irradiating detection, if so, then carrying out global maximum power Scanning, step (4) is performed, if it is not, then performing step (2)；
The step (3) judges that the concrete mode whether photovoltaic matrix occurs uneven irradiation is by irradiating detection：If When formula (1) and (2) any of which are set up, uneven irradiation as occurs,
| Δ V |=| Vpv-Vmpc| ＞ Δs VSET (1)
ndw＞ 1 (2)
Wherein,VpvElectricity is inputted for inverter Pressure, NserFor the series component number of photovoltaic group string, T is photovoltaic arrays temperature, Vmp,md,STCFor photovoltaic module peak power under mark condition Point voltage, NsFor series-connected cell number, βocFor voltage temperature coefficient, n is Diode Ideality Factor, and k is Bo Erciman constants, and q is Electron charge, ImpFor photovoltaic arrays maximum power point electric current, Imp,STCFor photovoltaic arrays maximum power point electric current under mark condition, Δ VSETFor preset reference value, ndwTo bypass photovoltaic module number, ndwJudged to obtain by photovoltaic arrays output voltage.
(4) global maximum power scans：Scanning sequency is set according to electrical parameter, several references are set in scanning process Electrical parameter and scanning end condition, local maxima is nearby carried out with reference to electrical parameter to each using PI variable steps conductance increment method Power scan, and obtain each with reference to the power extreme point near electrical parameter, until triggering end condition, output current record are complete The voltage of office's maximum power point, into step (2)；
Specifically, the step (4) specifically includes following sub-step：
(4-1) is scanned from big to small by voltage, gives reference voltage VSET(nw), reference voltage is：
nwInitial value is photovoltaic group string series component number Nser, T is photovoltaic arrays temperature, Vmp,md,STCFor photovoltaic group under mark condition Part maximum power point voltage, NsFor series-connected cell number, βocFor voltage temperature coefficient, n is Diode Ideality Factor, k Bo Erci Graceful constant, q are electron charge, ImpFor photovoltaic arrays maximum power point electric current, Imp,STCFor photovoltaic arrays maximum power point under mark condition Electric current；
(4-2) is using the given reference voltage V of PI variable steps conductance increment method searchSET(nw) neighbouring power extreme point, look for To after local maximum power point, the power and its corresponding voltage are recorded；
Specifically, the step (4-2) includes following sub-step：
(4-2-1) obtains the duty cycle delta D of k iterationg(k) it is：
Dg(k)=Dg(k-1)+kg(k)ΔDg(k),
According toSelect dutycycle adjusting step Δ Dg, and material calculation regulation coefficient k (k)g(k),
Voltage corresponding to local maxima power is calculated in (4-2-2)Vin(k) it is kth time iteration Inverter input voltage；
(4-2-3) records local maxima power and its corresponding voltage；
(4-3) makes nw=nw- 1, give the reference voltage V of next power extreme pointSET(nw), perform step (4-2)；
(4-4) is more than when the new reference voltage MPPT voltages minimum less than inverter or the current input power of inverter During the estimated value of next extreme point power, stop search, export the voltage of current global maximum power point, into step (2), Wherein
The estimated value P of next extreme point powerc(T,nw- 1) it is：
N in formulaserFor the series component number of photovoltaic group string, T is photovoltaic arrays temperature, nwInitial value is connected for photovoltaic group string Package count Nser, Pmp,STCFor the mark condition power of solar irradiation, TSTCThe mark condition temperature of solar irradiation, γmFor photovoltaic module power temperature Spend coefficient.
The present invention is swept by judging whether uneven irradiation, and to uneven irradiation situation using global maximum power The mode retouched, without increasing hardware device, multiple power whether can be generated by uneven irradiation at the various temperature of accurate judgement Extreme value, and (0.01P can be realized with higher sensitivitymChanged power detection), can efficiently start global maximum Power scan algorithm, solve the Multi-maximum point maximal power tracing problem of photovoltaic array under non-uniform irradiation, make photovoltaic inversion The maximal power tracing ability of device is adapted to different irradiation and temperature, to improve the power output of photovoltaic system.
According to above rate-determining steps, by taking 100kW DC/DC+DC/AC three-phase grid photovoltaic DC-to-AC converters as an example, in Matlab/ Simulink builds photovoltaic system simulation model, and the parameter of twin-stage grid-connected inverting system is as shown in table 1.By each group of photovoltaic arrays String is equally divided into 4 groups, every group of uniform irradiation.To the maximum work under solar irradiation step, linear change and two kinds of operating temperatures Rate tracking is emulated.For solar irradiation as shown in table 2 and table 3, temperature takes 25 DEG C and 50 DEG C.The present invention is in the case where irradiating sudden change conditions MPPT maximum power point tracking result is as shown in fig. 6, in the case where irradiating gradient conditions as shown in Figure 7.
The bipolar combining inverter simulation parameters of table 1
Solar irradiation Spline smoothing is set in the emulation experiment of table 2
Solar irradiation linear change is set in the emulation experiment of table 3
Wherein,
Above-described embodiment only not limits the technical scheme described by this patent to illustrate this patent；Therefore, although This specification has been carried out being described in detail with reference to above-mentioned each embodiment to this patent, still, the ordinary skill of this area Personnel should be appreciated that and still this patent can be modified or equivalent substitution；And all do not depart from this patent spirit and The technical scheme of scope and its improvement, it all should cover among the right of this patent.

Claims (7)

  1. A kind of 1. photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter maximum power tracking method under non-uniform irradiation, it is characterised in that：Comprise the following steps：
    (1) inverter parameters initialize, and initialize inverter maximal power tracing parameter；
    (2) the inverter current fluctuation of preset time internal power, voltage pulsation and working condition (stable state/dynamic) are judged, if in advance If time internal power fluctuates and voltage pulsation is more than preset value, and current operating state is stable state, then carries out local maxima power Tracking：Using the local maxima power of PI variable steps conductance increment method search inverter, otherwise into step (3)；
    (3) judge whether photovoltaic matrix occurs uneven irradiation by irradiating detection, swept if so, then carrying out global maximum power Retouch, perform step (4), if it is not, then performing step (2)；
    (4) global maximum power scans：Scanning sequency is set according to electrical parameter, several are set in scanning process and is joined with reference to electricity Number and scanning end condition, local maxima power is nearby carried out with reference to electrical parameter to each using PI variable steps conductance increment method Scanning, and obtain each with reference to the power extreme point near electrical parameter, until triggering end condition, the output current record overall situation is most The voltage of high-power point, into step (2).
  2. 2. photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter maximum power tracking method under non-uniform irradiation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Institute Stating parameter includes parallel photovoltaic package count, tandem photovoltaic package count, photovoltaic module power temperature coefficient, photovoltaic module voltage temperature Coefficient, photovoltaic module series-connected cell number, photovoltaic module maximum power point voltage, photovoltaic module maximum power point electric current and maximum work Rate.
  3. 3. photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter maximum power tracking method under non-uniform irradiation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Institute Stating step 2 includes following sub-step：
    (2-1) judges the current fluctuation of preset time internal power, voltage pulsation and the working condition (stable state/dynamic) of inverter, if Preset time internal power fluctuates and voltage pulsation is more than preset value, and current operating state is stable state, then into step (2-2), Otherwise step (3) is entered；
    (2-2) obtains dutycycle D (k)：
    If Δ D (k) Δs D (k-1) >=0, ifDutycycle is arranged to D (k)=D (k-1)+Δ D (k), ifDutycycle is arranged to D (k)=D (k-1)+l Δ D (k), and wherein Δ D (k) is dutycycle adjusting step, according to The P-V slopes of curve select, K2For preset constant, l is step-length regulation coefficient, and
    If present operating point is close to extreme point, i.e. Δ D (k) Δs D (k-1) ＜ 0, then Δ D (k)=- Δ D (k-1)/2, dutycycle D (k) it is arranged to D (k)=D (k-1)+Δ D (k)；
    Voltage corresponding to local maxima power is calculated in (2-3)Vin(k) it is the inversion of kth time iteration Device input voltage；
    (2-4) exports current record local maxima power and its corresponding voltage.
  4. 4. photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter maximum power tracking method under non-uniform irradiation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Institute State step (3) and judge that the concrete mode whether photovoltaic matrix occurs uneven irradiation is by irradiating detection：If formula (1) and (2) When any of which is set up, uneven irradiation as occurs,
    | Δ V |=| Vpv-Vmpc| ＞ Δs VSET (1)
    ndw＞ 1 (2)
    Wherein,VpvFor inverter input voltage, Nser For the series component number of photovoltaic group string, T is photovoltaic arrays temperature, Vmp,md,STCTo mark photovoltaic module maximum power point voltage under condition, NsFor series-connected cell number, βocFor voltage temperature coefficient, n is Diode Ideality Factor, and k is Bo Erciman constants, and q is electronics electricity Lotus, ImpFor photovoltaic arrays maximum power point electric current, Imp,STCFor photovoltaic arrays maximum power point electric current under mark condition, Δ VSETIt is default Reference value, ndwTo bypass photovoltaic module number, ndwJudged to obtain by photovoltaic arrays output voltage.
  5. 5. photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter maximum power tracking method under non-uniform irradiation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Institute State step (4) and specifically include following sub-step：
    (4-1) is scanned from big to small by voltage, gives reference voltage VSET(nw), reference voltage is：
    <mrow> <msub> <mi>V</mi> <mrow> <mi>S</mi> <mi>E</mi> <mi>T</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>n</mi> <mi>w</mi> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mi>n</mi> <mi>w</mi> </msub> <mo>&amp;lsqb;</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>&amp;beta;</mi> <mrow> <mi>o</mi> <mi>c</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>T</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>298</mn> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>&amp;rsqb;</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>V</mi> <mrow> <mi>m</mi> <mi>p</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>m</mi> <mi>d</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>S</mi> <mi>T</mi> <mi>C</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <msub> <mi>N</mi> <mi>s</mi> </msub> <mi>n</mi> <mi>k</mi> <mi>T</mi> </mrow> <mi>q</mi> </mfrac> <mi>l</mi> <mi>n</mi> <mfrac> <msub> <mi>I</mi> <mrow> <mi>m</mi> <mi>p</mi> </mrow> </msub> <msub> <mi>I</mi> <mrow> <mi>m</mi> <mi>p</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>S</mi> <mi>T</mi> <mi>C</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mfrac> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>,</mo> </mrow>
    nwInitial value is photovoltaic group string series component number Nser, T is photovoltaic arrays temperature, Vmp,md,STCFor photovoltaic module under mark condition most High-power voltage, NsFor series-connected cell number, βocFor voltage temperature coefficient, n is Diode Ideality Factor, k Bo Ercimanchang Number, q are electron charge, ImpFor photovoltaic arrays maximum power point electric current, Imp,STCFor photovoltaic arrays maximum power point electricity under mark condition Stream；
    (4-2) is using the given reference voltage V of PI variable steps conductance increment method searchSET(nw) neighbouring power extreme point, find office After portion's maximum power point, the power and its corresponding voltage are recorded；
    (4-3) makes nw=nw- 1, give the reference voltage V of next power extreme pointSET(nw), perform step (4-2)；
    (4-4) is less than the minimum MPPT voltages of inverter or the current input power of inverter more than next when new reference voltage During the estimated value of individual extreme point power, stop search, export the voltage of current global maximum power point, into step (2).
  6. 6. photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter maximum power tracking method under non-uniform irradiation according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：Institute Stating step (4-2) includes following sub-step：
    (4-2-1) obtains the duty cycle delta D of k iterationg(k) it is：
    Dg(k)=Dg(k-1)+kg(k)ΔDg(k),
    According toSelect dutycycle adjusting step Δ Dg, and material calculation regulation coefficient k (k)g(k),
    Voltage corresponding to local maxima power is calculated in (4-2-2)Vin(k) it is the inverse of kth time iteration Become device input voltage；
    (4-2-3) records local maxima power and its corresponding voltage.
  7. 7. photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter maximum power tracking method under non-uniform irradiation according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：Institute State in step (4-4), the estimated value P of next extreme point powerc(T,nw- 1) it is：
    <mrow> <msub> <mi>P</mi> <mi>c</mi> </msub> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>T</mi> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>n</mi> <mi>w</mi> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mi>P</mi> <mrow> <mi>m</mi> <mi>p</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>S</mi> <mi>T</mi> <mi>C</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>&amp;lsqb;</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>&amp;gamma;</mi> <mi>m</mi> </msub> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>T</mi> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>T</mi> <mrow> <mi>S</mi> <mi>T</mi> <mi>C</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>&amp;rsqb;</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <msub> <mi>n</mi> <mi>w</mi> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> <msub> <mi>N</mi> <mrow> <mi>s</mi> <mi>e</mi> <mi>r</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mfrac> </mrow>
    N in formulaserFor the series component number of photovoltaic group string, T is photovoltaic arrays temperature, nwInitial value is photovoltaic group string series component number Nser, Pmp,STCFor the mark condition power of solar irradiation, TSTCFor the mark condition temperature of solar irradiation, γmFor photovoltaic module power temperature system Number.
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