CN107675081A - Wear-resistant hypereutectoid rail and its manufacture method - Google Patents
Wear-resistant hypereutectoid rail and its manufacture method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107675081A CN107675081A CN201710934010.6A CN201710934010A CN107675081A CN 107675081 A CN107675081 A CN 107675081A CN 201710934010 A CN201710934010 A CN 201710934010A CN 107675081 A CN107675081 A CN 107675081A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B37/00—Control devices or methods specially adapted for metal-rolling mills or the work produced thereby
- B21B37/74—Temperature control, e.g. by cooling or heating the rolls or the product
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/005—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment of ferrous alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/04—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for rails
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/24—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with vanadium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/26—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with niobium or tantalum
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/28—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with titanium or zirconium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/009—Pearlite
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to rail manufacturing technology field, and in particular to a kind of wear-resistant hypereutectoid rail and its manufacture method.The problem of pearlite steel rail rail head cross-section performance is uneven, and obtained hypereutectoid rail property is bad is prepared for prior art, the invention provides a kind of manufacture method of wear-resistant hypereutectoid rail, is comprised the following steps：A, by hot rolling of steel billet into rail, finishing temperature is 900~1000 DEG C；B, when rail surface central temperature is air-cooled to 800 DEG C, cooling medium is blown to rail head top surface, rail head two sides and rail head both sides lower jaw, is cooled to end face center temperature as 650 DEG C；C, it is further continued for being blown cooling medium, is cooled to rail head skin temperature after 480 DEG C, to be air-cooled to room temperature.The more excellent hypereutectoid rail of performance is prepared by way of controlling composition of steel, two sections of acceleration coolings in the present invention.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of rail, more particularly, is related to a kind of wear-resistant hypereutectoid rail and its manufacture method.
Background technology
The fast development of railway proposes requirements at the higher level to rail military service performance.It is continuous complete with China Express Railway net
Kind, existing passenger-cargo mixed fortune trunk line will progressively implement heavy loading transformation, and large conveying quantity, big axle weight, high density are following heavily loaded iron
The developing direction on road.Critical component of the rail as railway, the quality of its quality, the conevying efficiency of the height of performance and railway with
Traffic safety is closely bound up.With the lifting of railway transport capacity, rail Service Environment is further harsh, complicated, and all kinds of hurts are dashed forward
Go out, hurt, its service life such as too fast abrasion, stripping chip off-falling occurs simultaneously in part sharp radius curve section rail can not be with main track
Rail matches, and constrains the further development of railway transportation.
At present, it is the performance that improves curve section rail, it is main using pearlite steel rail is online or the side of heat-treated offline
Method, the fast quickly cooling in rail head position is made by way of the rail head position blowing pressurized air or water smoke gaseous mixture to austenitizing rail
But, the lamellar pearlite tissue refined to obtain in rail head top layer to certain depth, crystal grain refinement is relied on to realize the same of obdurability
Step improves, so as to reach the purpose that wear-resistant, contacting fatigue resistance synchronously improves.It is fresh both at home and abroad in terms of acceleration cooling procedure
There is the research report that cooling nozzles arrangement mode influences on rail property.
Patent CN101646795B《Wear resistance and the damaging excellent pearlite steel rail of high internal hardness type of endurance and
Its manufacture method》In define a kind of manufacture method of pearlite steel rail of high internal hardness type, it is characterised in that by steel hot rolling
Into rail shape, it is 850~950 DEG C to make finishing temperature, then, with 1.2~5 DEG C/sec of cooling velocity, by the table of rail's end portion
Temperature of the layer more than pearlitic transformation start temperature is quickly cooled to 400~650 DEG C.The patent only defines heat-treatment of rail
The cooling starting of different phase and final temperature and corresponding cooling rate scope, are not directed to the specific type of cooling.
Patent CN105483347A is disclosed《A kind of Technology for Heating Processing of pearlite steel rail hardening》, it is characterized in that：By steel
Rail is heated to 880~920 DEG C, is incubated 10~15min, different according to steel grade, and specific temperature is as cold as with specific cooling rate scope
Section is incubated 30s, then air cooling, is specially：The pearlite steel rail hardening process system that material is U75V is：880~920 DEG C of insulations
10~15min, 570~600 DEG C are cooled to 8~15 DEG C/s cooling rates, then with 0.2~0.5 DEG C/s cooling rate air cooling to 20~25
℃；The pearlite steel rail hardening process system that material is U76CrRE is：850~900 DEG C are incubated 10~15 minutes, with 6~10
DEG C/s cooling rates are cooled to 590~610 DEG C, then with 0.2~0.5 DEG C/s cooling rate air cooling to 20~25 DEG C.The board of the patent disclosure
Number equally it is not directed to specific refrigerating mode for the Technologies for Heating Processing of two kinds of materials of U75V, U76CrRE.
Patent CN103898303A is disclosed《The heat treatment method and turnout rail of a kind of turnout rail》, it is characterized in that：It will treat
The rail head top surface temperature of processing is that 650~900 DEG C of turnout rail accelerate cooling to obtain the turnout rail of full pearlitic structrure,
Wherein, the acceleration cooling velocity of the rail head active side of turnout rail is higher than the acceleration cooling velocity of the rail head non-working side of turnout rail,
Its cooling velocity difference is 0.1~1.0 DEG C/s.It is especially non-to rail that rail head two sides cooling velocity difference is proposed in the patent
Symmetric cross-section rail property improves and the benefit brought of flatness control, but not yet explicitly the arrangement mode of different phase nozzle with it is cold
But influence of the speed to performance after heat-treatment of rail.
In the prior art for heat-treatment of rail be concentrated mainly on different cooling in the range of different temperatures control come
The control of heat treatment step is realized, is not directed to the Precise control of different spray nozzles arrangement mode and injection method, thus can not
Obtain obdurability and the hypereutectoid rail of excellent abrasion resistance.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is：Prior art is more using the side of different cooling in the range of different temperatures
Method is heat-treated to rail, obtains the problem of pearlite steel rail obdurability is bad.
The present invention solve technical problem technical scheme be：A kind of manufacture method of wear-resistant hypereutectoid rail is provided.Should
Method comprises the following steps：
A, steel rail rolling
By hot rolling of steel billet into rail, finishing temperature is 900~1000 DEG C；
B, the first stage cools down
It is equal to rail head top surface, rail head two sides and rail head both sides lower jaw when rail surface central temperature is air-cooled to 800 DEG C
Cooling medium is blown, is cooled to end face center temperature as 650 DEG C；
C, second stage cools down
Continue to be blown cooling medium, be cooled to rail head skin temperature after 480 DEG C, to be air-cooled to room temperature.
Wherein, in the manufacture method of above-mentioned wear-resistant hypereutectoid rail, the rail constituent described in step a is：Press
Percentage by weight meter, C:0.88%~1.02%Si:0.20%~0.50%Mn:0.50%~0.90%Cr:0.20%~
0.50%, at least one of V, Nb, Ti, when containing V, V was 0.02%~0.10%, and when containing Ti, Ti was 0.001%~0.030%,
When containing Nb, Nb was 0.005%~0.08%, and surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity.
Wherein, in the manufacture method of above-mentioned wear-resistant hypereutectoid rail, step b, the cooling medium described in c is empty for compression
At least one of gas or water smoke gaseous mixture.
Wherein, in the manufacture method of above-mentioned wear-resistant hypereutectoid rail, the cooling velocity described in step b is 3.0~6.0
℃/s。
Wherein, in the manufacture method of above-mentioned wear-resistant hypereutectoid rail, the cooling velocity described in step c is 1.0~5.0
℃/s。
Present invention also offers a kind of wear-resistant hypereutectoid rail, its constituent is：By weight percentage, C:
0.88%~1.02%Si:0.20%~0.50%Mn:0.50%~0.90%Cr:0.20%~0.50%, in V, Nb, Ti
At least one, when containing V, V was 0.02%~0.10%, and when containing Ti, Ti was 0.001%~0.030%, and when containing Nb, Nb was 0.005%
~0.08%, surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention are：The rail of present invention selection specific composition composition, by adopting
Accelerate the mode of cooling with two-part, compared to existing single heat treatment mode, the pearlite steel rail of preparation is with more excellent
Intensity, hardness, toughness and plasticity index, especially obdurability are substantially better than existing method.The inventive method is simple to operate, if
Standby less demanding, the wear-resistant hypereutectoid rail of preparation can integrally improve the tough combination property and wear resistance at rail head position
Can, the service life of rail effectively under extension equal conditions.
Embodiment
The invention provides a kind of manufacture method of wear-resistant hypereutectoid rail, comprise the following steps：
A, steel rail rolling
By hot rolling of steel billet into rail, finishing temperature is 900~1000 DEG C；
B, the first stage cools down
It is equal to rail head top surface, rail head two sides and rail head both sides lower jaw when rail surface central temperature is air-cooled to 800 DEG C
Cooling medium is blown, is cooled to end face center temperature as 650 DEG C；
C, second stage cools down
Continue to be blown cooling medium, be cooled to rail head skin temperature after 480 DEG C, to be air-cooled to room temperature.
The composition of above-mentioned wear-resistant hypereutectoid rail is：By weight percentage, C:0.88%~1.02%Si:0.20%
~0.50%Mn:0.50%~0.90%Cr:0.20%~0.50%, at least one of V, Nb, Ti, when containing V, V was 0.02%
~0.10%, when containing Ti, Ti was 0.001%~0.030%, and when containing Nb, Nb was 0.005%~0.08%, and surplus is Fe and can not
The impurity avoided.
C is that pearlite steel rail improves strong hardness, promotes most important, the most cheap element of perlitic transformation.In bar of the present invention
Under part, as C content ＜ 0.88%, after heat treatment strong hardness is relatively low for rail, it is difficult to meets that big axle is heavy and carries rail wear
Can demand；As C content ＞ 1.02%, even if accelerating cooling after finish to gauge, secondary cementite will be separated out in grain boundaries, deteriorates steel
The toughness plasticity of rail.Therefore, C content is limited to 0.88%~1.02%.
Si is present in ferrite and austenite the intensity for improving tissue as the solution strengthening element in steel, meanwhile, can
Suppress proeutectoid cementite to separate out, so as to improve the toughness plasticity of rail.Under the conditions of the present invention, as Si content ＜ 0.20%,
Solid solution capacity is relatively low to be caused to strengthen DeGrain；As Si content ＞ 0.50%, the toughness plasticity of rail will be reduced, deteriorate rail
Lateral performance.Therefore, Si contents are limited to 0.20%~0.50%.
Mn can form solid solution with Fe, improve the intensity of ferrite and austenite.Meanwhile Mn is that carbide forms member again
Element, into cementite after can partly substitute Fe atoms, increase the hardness of carbide, the final hardness for increasing steel.In bar of the present invention
Under part, as Mn content ＜ 0.50%, reinforcing effect is not notable, is only capable of making the performance of steel slightly improve by solution strengthening；When
During Mn content ＞ 0.90%, carbide excessive high hardness in steel, toughness plasticity substantially reduces；Meanwhile Mn influences in steel on Carbon diffusion
Significantly, even if under the conditions of air cooling, still there may be the abnormal structures such as B, M for Mn segregation zones.Therefore, Mn contents are limited to 0.50%
Between~0.90%.
Cr can form a variety of carbide as medium carbide former with the carbon in steel；Meanwhile in the uniform steel of Cr energy
Distribution of carbides, reduce carbide size, improve the abrasion resistance properties of rail.Under the conditions of the present invention, when Cr contents are less than
When 0.20%, the carbide hardness and ratio of formation are relatively low, and are assembled with sheet form, it is difficult to improve the wear resistance of rail
Energy；When chromium content be higher than 0.50%, easily form thick carbide, deteriorate the toughness plasticity of rail.Therefore, Cr contents are limited to
0.20%~0.50%.
When V is under room temperature condition, the solubility in steel is very low, and is such as present in austenite grain boundary in the hot rolling
Or other regions, separated out in V carbonitrides (V (C, N)) form of micronized particles shape, or with the compound precipitations of Ti in steel, suppress
The growth of austenite crystal, high performance purpose is put forward so as to reach crystal grain thinning.Under the conditions of the present invention, when V content is less than
When 0.02%, Carbonitride Precipitation containing V is limited, it is difficult to plays and strengthens effect；As V content ＞ 0.10%, easily formed thick
Carbonitride, deteriorate the toughness plasticity of rail.Therefore, V content is limited to 0.02%~0.10%.
Austenite crystal when main functions of the Ti in steel is refinement heating, rolling and cooling, it is final to increase prolonging for rail
Stretch rate and rigidity.As Ti content ＜ 0.001%, the carbide quantity formed in rail is extremely limited.In condition of the present invention
Under, as Ti content ＞ 0.030%, on the one hand because Ti is strong carbonitride-forming elements, caused TiC is on the high side will to make rail
Excessive high hardness；On the other hand, TiN, TiC are on the high side is enriched with segregation to form thick carbide, not only reduces toughness plasticity, also causes steel
Rail contact surface under impact loading is easy to ftracture and causes to be broken.Therefore, Ti contents are limited to 0.001%~0.030%
Between.
Main functions of the Nb in steel is similar to V, by the Nb carbonitride fining austenite grains of precipitation, and by
The carbonitride of roller repairing process generation produces precipitation strength, while rail hardness is improved, can also improve the tough of rail
Plasticity, while Nb is to preventing welding point softening from also benefiting.Under the conditions of the present invention, as Nb content ＜ 0.005%, containing Nb
Carbonitride Precipitation is limited, it is difficult to plays and strengthens effect；As Nb content ＞ 0.08%, thick carbonitride is easily formed, is disliked
Change the toughness plasticity of rail.Therefore, Nb contents are limited to 0.005%~0.08%.
Therefore, above-mentioned factor is considered, wear-resistant hypereutectoid rail constituent of the invention is：Described rail group
It is into composition：By weight percentage, C:0.88%~1.02%Si:0.20%~0.50%Mn:0.50%~0.90%Cr:
0.20%~0.50%, at least one of V, Nb, Ti, when containing V V be 0.02%~0.10%, when containing Ti Ti be 0.001%~
0.030%, when containing Nb, Nb was 0.005%~0.08%, and surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity.
The smelting process of above-mentioned rail will meet the steel of mentioned component requirement using the common rail smelting process in this area
Liquid continuous casting enters in heating furnace for cooling after 250mm × 250mm~450mm × 450mm section steel billets is heated to 1200~1300
DEG C and held for some time after come out of the stove, use omnipotent method or pass method to roll after water under high pressure dephosphorization to be disconnected needed for 50~75kg/m
Face rail.
The mode being heat-treated at present to rail is mainly to carry out acceleration cooling to the rail head position of austenitizing rail,
And cooling nozzles are mainly arranged in top surface and the two sides at rail head of rail position, this is determined by the handling characteristics of rail：Steel
The top surface and one side of rail bear the multi-phase complex stress from wheel, and rail is vertically symmetric cross-section, by
In the difference of installation site, two sides may be respectively subjected to wheel stress effect.Therefore, rail head top surface and two sides are military service
The rail property at position should be higher than that the other positions of rail.
In existing rail head top surface and two sides accelerate cooling procedure, with the rapid drawdown of skin temperature, from rail head of rail
The heat of center portion and top layer heat exchange, in heat transfer process, with the release of pearlitic transformation latent heat, rail head surface performance is not only
It will not reduce, may raise on the contrary, this means that the reduction of rail head center portion phase transformation degree of supercooling, finally not only rail head at room temperature
The hardness of center portion is significantly lower than top layer, and its toughness is equally relatively low.The present invention increases spray by using at rail head both sides lower jaw position
Mouth is blown the mode of cooling medium, in heat treatment process, because rail head center portion and the cooling rate difference on rail head top layer are reducing, may be used also
Make the starting temperature of transformation on rail head top layer lower, rail obdurability will further improve, although the amplitude of this raising is limited
, but be still advantageous to tough combination property close to for the steel of the limit for this kind of obdurability of pearlite heat-treated rail
Lifting.
In the present invention, " rail head top surface, rail head two sides and rail head both sides lower jaw " is cooled down, first in two stages
Class is that when being air-cooled to 800 DEG C, 650 DEG C are cooled to 3.0~6.0 DEG C/s chilling temperature.This is primarily directed to carbon of the present invention
Content reaches 0.90% distinctive rail, and under the conditions of natural cooling, austenite phase field will preferentially separate out proeutectoid cementite
And be generally distributed along crystal boundary, though this kind of hard secondary cementite is advantageous to improve the hardness and abrasion resistance properties of rail, to steel
Toughness plasticity and the anti-crack germinating of rail and extended capability etc. have significant detrimental effect.Therefore, such pro-eutectoid is eliminated as far as possible
Cementite.In rail of the present invention, the temperature that proeutectoid cementite preferentially separates out is between 700~820 DEG C.Therefore, 650~
The acceleration cooling that 800 DEG C of temperature ranges apply 3.0~6.0 DEG C/s can effectively suppress proeutectoid cementite intercrystalline precipitation.Its
Secondary, the temperature range interior rail top layer will start phase transformation or have occurred and that phase transformation, and rail head center portion not yet starts.If directly
Rail is cooled down using the cooling rate scope, then easily forms the abnormal structures such as bainite, martensite at local normal segregation position.
Therefore, after rail head end face center temperature is down to 650 DEG C, cooling rate be reduced on the original basis 1.0~5.0 DEG C/
S, then proceed by the cooling of second stage.
From cooling technique to performance impact from the point of view of, rail head tunneling boring adds being since austenite phase field due to rail
But, now, the temperature difference of whole rail head cross-section has been substantially reduced quickly cooling before phase transformation, and cooling rate is suitably reduced when phase transformation,
The tough combination property of rail end section at room temperature will not finally be influenceed.Continue acceleration using the rail of above-mentioned technique to be cooled to
Room temperature is air-cooled to after 450~480 DEG C, and finished product rail is obtained through processes such as follow-up aligning, flaw detection, processing.
Explanation will be further explained to the embodiment of the present invention by embodiment below, but do not indicated that this
The protection domain of invention is limited in described in embodiment in scope.
Embodiment 1~6 manufactures hypereutectoid rail with the inventive method
The chemical composition of hypereutectoid steel rail steel base used in embodiment 1~6 is as shown in table 1 below：
The chemical component table (%) of the hypereutectoid steel rail steel base of table 1
Steel billet as shown above is rolled as 75kg/m rail, cooled down in the following manner：
A, steel rail rolling
By hot rolling of steel billet into rail, finishing temperature is 900~1000 DEG C；
B, the first stage cools down
It is equal to rail head top surface, rail head two sides and rail head both sides lower jaw when rail surface central temperature is air-cooled to 800 DEG C
Cooling medium is blown, is cooled to end face center temperature as 650 DEG C；
C, second stage cools down
Continue to be blown cooling medium, be cooled to rail head skin temperature after 480 DEG C, to be air-cooled to room temperature.
The cooling velocity of embodiment 1~6 is as shown in table 2 below.
Requirement of the distinct methods of table 2 to cooling velocity
Comparative example 1~6 prepares hypereutectoid rail using existing method
For steel billet constituent with embodiment 1~6, the steel billet of comparative example 1 is embodiment 1 used by comparative example 1~6, according to
This analogizes, mutually corresponding.
Comparative example 1~6 is carried out using the existing type of cooling, and only rail head top surface and the injection cooling of rail head two sides are situated between
Matter, after being cooled to rail head top layer≤480 DEG C, it is air-cooled to room temperature.
The cooling velocity that comparative example 1~6 is set is as shown in table 3：
Requirement of the distinct methods of table 3 to cooling velocity
By embodiment and comparative example processing after rail be air-cooled to room temperature, respectively below the rail head top layer of rail 10mm,
D is taken at 30mm0=10mm, l0=5d0Circular both shoulders tensile sample, R is detected according to GB/T 228.1 respectivelyp0.2、Rm, A, Z, in phase
10mm × 10mm × U-shaped impact specimen of 55mm Charpy is taken with position, ballistic work is tested according to GB/T 229.In addition, intercept respectively
Rail head of rail position lateral stiffness sample, respectively at the upside fillet apart from rail head top layer 10mm, 30mm and end face center position
Rockwell hardness is determined according to GB/T 230.1, embodiment uses identical test position and method of testing with comparative example, as a result in detail
It is shown in Table 4 and table 5.
Mechanics property of rail (10mm below rail head top layer) prepared by the distinct methods of table 4
Mechanics property of rail (30mm below rail head top layer) prepared by the distinct methods of table 5
From above-described embodiment and comparative example：The present invention have chosen with identical chemical composition, using of the present invention
The comparative example of the embodiment of Technology for Heating Processing and existing Technology for Heating Processing is contrasted.Embodiment accelerates cooling side using two benches
Formula, two stages carry out rail head tunneling boring cooling to " rail head top surface+two sides+rail head both sides lower jaw ".Wherein, the first stage
Using average 3.0~6.0 DEG C/s of cooling rate, 1.0~5.0 DEG C/s of the average cooling rate of second stage.By contrast, existing process is using cold
The single heat treatment mode of 3.0~6.0 DEG C/s of speed rail head top surface+two sides.Comparing result shows in table 4 and table 5, the present invention
Intensity, hardness, toughness and plasticity under the technique below rail head top layer in 10mm are slightly above comparative example；Importantly,
The toughness and tenacity at 30mm places is apparently higher than existing heat treatment technics below rail head top layer, it is seen that increase rail head lower jaw accelerates to cool down energy
Enough overall tough combination properties for improving rail head position, effectively extend the service life of rail under equal conditions.
The invention provides a kind of wear-resistant hypereutectoid rail and its production method, under identical component and production technology,
Using this method rail can be made to obtain more excellent obdurability index and abrasion resistance properties, product is applied to abrasion resistance properties
It is required that higher heavy haul railway.
Claims (6)
1. the preparation method of wear-resistant hypereutectoid rail, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
A, steel rail rolling
By hot rolling of steel billet into rail, finishing temperature is 900~1000 DEG C；
B, the first stage cools down
When rail surface central temperature is air-cooled to 800 DEG C, it is blown to rail head top surface, rail head two sides and rail head both sides lower jaw
Cooling medium, end face center temperature is cooled to as 650 DEG C；
C, second stage cools down
Continue to be blown cooling medium, be cooled to rail head skin temperature after 480 DEG C, to be air-cooled to room temperature.
2. the manufacture method of wear-resistant hypereutectoid rail according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described in step a
Rail constituent is：By weight percentage, C:0.88%~1.02%Si:0.20%~0.50%Mn:0.50%~
0.90%Cr:0.20%~0.50%, at least one of V, Nb, Ti, when containing V, V was 0.02%~0.10%, and when containing Ti, Ti was
0.001%~0.030%, when containing Nb, Nb was 0.005%~0.08%, and surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity.
3. the manufacture method of wear-resistant hypereutectoid rail according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step b, described in c
Cooling medium be at least one of compressed air or water smoke gaseous mixture.
4. the manufacture method of wear-resistant hypereutectoid rail according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described in step b
Cooling velocity is 3.0~6.0 DEG C/s.
5. the manufacture method of wear-resistant hypereutectoid rail according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described in step c
Cooling velocity is 1.0~5.0 DEG C/s.
6. wear-resistant hypereutectoid rail prepared by any one of Claims 1 to 5 methods described, it is characterised in that：Constituent is：
By weight percentage, C:0.88%~1.02%Si:0.20%~0.50%Mn:0.50%~0.90%Cr:0.20%~
0.50%, at least one of V, Nb, Ti, when containing V, V was 0.02%~0.10%, and when containing Ti, Ti was 0.001%~0.030%,
When containing Nb, Nb was 0.005%~0.08%, and surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity.
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