CN107672580A - A kind of the automobile long dynamic monitoring of down hill braking efficiency, warning system and method - Google Patents

A kind of the automobile long dynamic monitoring of down hill braking efficiency, warning system and method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107672580A
CN107672580A CN201710887974.XA CN201710887974A CN107672580A CN 107672580 A CN107672580 A CN 107672580A CN 201710887974 A CN201710887974 A CN 201710887974A CN 107672580 A CN107672580 A CN 107672580A
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wheel
vehicle
braking
braking force
alarm
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Inventor
李文亮
周炜
任春晓
董轩
李臣
张学文
张国胜
曹琛
***
张禄
唐歌腾
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Research Institute of Highway Ministry of Transport
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Research Institute of Highway Ministry of Transport
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60TVEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T17/00Component parts, details, or accessories of power brake systems not covered by groups B60T8/00, B60T13/00 or B60T15/00, or presenting other characteristic features
    • B60T17/18Safety devices; Monitoring
    • B60T17/22Devices for monitoring or checking brake systems; Signal devices

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Regulating Braking Force (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention discloses a kind of automobile long dynamic monitoring of down hill braking efficiency, warning system and method, it is characterised in that:It is that road gradient and slip rate are gathered by gyroscope and CAN module, gathered and calculated by information gathering and control unit, on the premise of brake-power balance coefficient is considered, wheel braking force is calculated according to the vertical load of each wheel, the value of brake efficiency exception discriminant function is calculated again, so as to judge whether brake efficiency is abnormal.The present invention realizes the situation for monitoring brakes on the whole under dynamic effect, solve the problems, such as to work as coaxial both sides wheel brake system while break down to be unable to effective detection, multiple wheel brake systems such as single wheel, coaxial wheel, diagonal wheel while the monitoring and alarm broken down can be realized.

Description

Dynamic monitoring and alarming system and method for braking efficiency of automobile in long downhill
Technical Field
The invention relates to a dynamic monitoring and alarming system and method for braking efficiency of an automobile on a long downhill, belonging to the technical field of automobile electronics and safety.
Background
In the current highway system of China, the traffic accident rate of continuous downhill sections of a highway in a mountainous and heavy hill area is relatively high, wherein large and super-large traffic accidents are particularly prominent. When a vehicle is continuously braked for a long time in a long downhill, the braking performance is reduced and even the braking capacity is lost due to the reasons of the temperature rise of a brake, the abrasion of a braking friction pair and the like, and the brake is one of the main reasons of frequent traffic accidents on the long downhill road. At present, the research on the braking efficiency of the long downhill at home and abroad mainly focuses on the temperature rise mechanism, the off-line braking efficiency constancy evaluation, the design and the setting of traffic safety signs and the like, and the research on dynamic monitoring is less and is only limited to the fault monitoring (such as air storage cylinder pressure alarm, brake abrasion alarm and the like) aiming at specific parts. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a system and a method for dynamically monitoring and alarming the braking efficiency of a vehicle in a long downhill, so as to monitor the braking performance and perform abnormal alarm processing during the long downhill process of the vehicle, and further ensure the operation safety of the vehicle.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a dynamic monitoring and alarming system and method for braking efficiency of an automobile in a long downward slope. The system dynamically monitors the efficiency of the service braking system of the automobile on a long downhill as a whole by monitoring the gradient and the slip rate of each wheel in real time and combining the braking force distribution coefficient, can provide timely early warning information for a driver when the braking system is abnormal, can timely discover the abnormality when the coaxial or multi-wheel braking system simultaneously breaks down, and provides an effective danger prevention technology for safe service.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a dynamic monitoring and alarming system for braking efficiency of an automobile on a long downhill comprises a signal sensing part, an information acquisition and control unit and an alarming and prompting unit;
the signal sensing part comprises a gyroscope and a CAN module, the gyroscope is used for collecting road surface gradient and outputting the road surface gradient to the information collection and control unit, and the CAN module is used for receiving a vehicle ABS slip rate signal sent by an original vehicle CAN bus and outputting the vehicle ABS slip rate signal to the information collection and control unit;
the information acquisition and control unit comprises an information acquisition module, a vertical load calculation module and a wheel braking force W i Calculation module and braking efficiency abnormity judgment function LD i The braking efficiency judging module is used for judging braking efficiency;
the alarm prompting unit comprises a buzzing alarm device and a voice alarm device.
The information acquisition module acquires road surface gradient information and slip rate signals of each wheel;
the vertical load calculation module calculates the vertical load of each wheel according to the road gradient and the vehicle parameters;
the wheel braking force W i The calculation module calculates the braking force of each wheel;
the braking performance abnormality determination function LD i The calculation module calculates a braking efficiency abnormity judgment function LD i I =1,2,3,4, representing left front and rightFront, left, back and right back wheels;
the braking efficiency judging module is based on LD i And judging whether the vehicle is abnormal or not and instructing the alarm prompting unit to alarm.
The buzzer alarm device sets different buzzer frequencies according to alarm levels.
A method for realizing dynamic monitoring and alarming of braking efficiency of a vehicle on a long downhill comprises the following steps:
1) The information acquisition and control unit acquires the road gradient alpha and the slip rate s of each wheel i (i=1,2,3,4);
2) Calculating the vertical load F of each wheel Zi (i=1,2,3,4);
3) Calculating the braking force W of each wheel i (i=1,2,3,4);
4) Calculating a braking performance abnormality judgment function LD for each wheel i (i=1,2,3,4);
5) For any wheel, define when LD i When =0, the braking performance is normal, and when LD i When the brake performance is more than 0, the brake performance is abnormal; otherwise, returning to 1) to continue monitoring.
Calculating the vertical load F of each wheel Zi The procedure for (i =1,2,3,4) is as follows:
1) The vertical load of the left front wheel of the vehicle is:
2) The vertical load of the right front wheel of the vehicle is:
3) The vertical load of the left rear wheel of the vehicle is:
4) The vertical load of the right rear wheel of the vehicle is:
wherein L is 1 、L 2 The horizontal distances from the center of mass to the front and rear axes, respectively; d 1 、D 2 Respectively the horizontal distance from the center of mass to a connecting line of the centers of the wheels on the left side and the horizontal distance from the center of mass to a connecting line of the centers of the wheels on the right side; g is the vehicle weight; alpha is the longitudinal gradient of the road surface and is measured by a gyroscope; h is the height of the centroid.
Calculating the braking force W of each wheel i (i =1,2,3,4) the procedure is as follows:
the braking force of the right rear wheel of the vehicle is as follows:
1) The braking force of the left front wheel of the vehicle is as follows:
W 1 =F Z1 s 1 (1-β) (2.1)
2) The braking force of the right front wheel of the vehicle is as follows:
W 2 =F Z2 s 2 (1-β) (2.2)
3) The braking force of the left rear wheel of the vehicle is as follows:
W 3 =F Z3 s 3 β (2.3)
4) The braking force of the right rear wheel of the vehicle is as follows:
W 4 =F Z4 s 4 β (2.4)
wherein, F Zi (i =1,2,3,4) represents the vertical load of the left front wheel, the right front wheel, the left rear wheel and the right rear wheel of the vehicle, respectively, s i (i =1,2,3,4) respectively indicate slip ratios of the left front wheel, the right front wheel, the left rear wheel, and the right rear wheel of the vehicle; beta is a brake braking force distribution coefficient and represents the ratio of the braking force of the front axle brake to the braking force of the front axle brake and the rear axle brake.
Braking performance abnormality judgment function LD for each wheel i The calculation formula of (a) is as follows:
when LD is formed i And (5) starting to alarm when the alarm is more than or equal to 0.1.
When alarming, press LD i The value of (D) is divided into alarm levels, LD i The larger the value is, the higher the alarm level is, the larger the corresponding buzzer frequency is, and otherwise, the smaller the buzzer frequency is.
The invention has the outstanding characteristics that: firstly, the condition of the brake system is monitored as a whole, and compared with a device for monitoring and alarming by a single component, the reliability of the system is improved, and the cost is reduced; and secondly, the problem that the brake systems of the wheels on the two coaxial sides fail to detect effectively when the brake systems of the wheels simultaneously fail is solved, and the monitoring and the alarm of the brake systems of the wheels, such as a single wheel, a coaxial wheel, a diagonal wheel and the like, which fail simultaneously can be realized. And thirdly, the system has simple structure, easy realization and low cost, can be applied to newly developed vehicle types and can also be modified and used on vehicles.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by the practice of the invention.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an on-line monitoring and alarming system for braking efficiency of a long downhill of a vehicle.
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the relationship between modules in the information collection and control unit according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, but it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the following examples and drawings are not intended to limit the technical scope of the present invention, and any equivalent changes or modifications made within the spirit of the technical scope of the present invention should be considered as within the scope of the present invention.
The long downhill braking efficiency of the automobile is an important content for monitoring the running safety performance of the automobile, and the state of the running braking efficiency of the automobile is judged by monitoring the long downhill running braking efficiency of the automobile in real time, so that the alarming information is provided for a driver in time when the automobile is abnormal, and traffic accidents are prevented.
The invention provides a system for monitoring and alarming braking efficiency of an automobile on a long downhill, which is structurally composed of hardware as shown in figure 1 and mainly comprises three parts: the invention further discloses a signal sensing part, an information acquisition and control unit and an alarm prompting unit, and the parts of the invention are further explained by combining the attached drawings and a real-time example.
1. Signal sensing part
The signal perception part comprises a gyroscope 1, a CAN module 2 and the like, wherein the gyroscope 1 is arranged on the frame and mainly used for collecting road slope (the road slope is the longitudinal slope of the road on which the vehicle runs) information and outputting the information to the information collection and control unit 3; the CAN module 2 receives ABS slip rate signals sent by an original vehicle CAN bus and outputs the ABS slip rate signals to the information acquisition and control unit 3.
2. Information acquisition and control unit
As shown in FIG. 2, the information collection and control unit 3 includes an information collection module 31, a vertical load calculation module 32 for each wheel, and front and rear axle wheel braking forces W that account for the braking force distribution i Calculation module 33, braking performance abnormality determination function LD i A calculation module 34 and a braking effectiveness judgment module 35.
In the process of a vehicle running on a downhill with a constant speed, an information acquisition module 31 of an information acquisition and control unit 3 acquires gradient information in real time by using a gyroscope 1 and acquires slip rate signals of each wheel through a CAN module 2; the vertical load calculation module 32 calculates the vertical load of each wheel based on the grade and vehicle parameters; wheel braking force W i The calculation module 33 calculates the braking force of the front and rear axle wheels by combining the braking force distribution coefficient; braking performance abnormality determination function LD i The calculation module 34 calculates the performance abnormity judgment function LD of the downhill constant speed braking system in real time i (i =1,2,3,4, each representing a respective wheel); information acquisition and control during vehicle operationThe braking unit calculates and judges in real time, and the braking efficiency judging module 35 judges when the LD is i And when the current value is more than or equal to 0.1, performing abnormal alarm.
The alarm level G is set as shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 alarm levels
Abnormality determination function LD i G Description of the invention
LD i <0.1 0 Normal performance
LD i ≥0.1 1 Failure of brake system
Theoretically as long as LD i If the alarm is more than 0, the alarm is set to be more than or equal to 0.1 in consideration of the reasons of error and the like. On the basis, the alarm level, LD, can be subdivided i The larger the value is, the higher the alarm level is, the different frequencies of the corresponding buzzers are different, and the higher the alarm level is, the more rapid or loud the set buzzer is.
The information acquisition and control unit 3 receives and processes the information and transmits signals to the alarm prompting unit 4 according to the processing result.
3. Alarm prompting unit
The alarm prompting unit 4 comprises a buzzing alarm device 41, a voice alarm device 42 and the like, and the information acquisition and control unit 3 receives and processes the information of the signal sensing part and transmits the signal to each alarm device according to the processing result. Further, the buzzer and the voice can alarm at the same time or one of the buzzers and the voice can alarm.
The alarm mode of the alarm prompting unit is shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 alarm modes
The invention monitors the braking state of each wheel by monitoring the gradient of the road surface and the slip rate of each wheel in real time and combining the braking force distribution coefficient, and calculates LD in real time in the long slope process under constant speed i And the value is used for judging whether the performance of the brake system is abnormal due to pipeline leakage, brake abrasion, brake overheating and the like, and reminding a driver to take safety measures in time to ensure safe driving.
The calculation process executed by each module of the information acquisition and control unit 3 is specifically described as follows:
(1) Calculation of vertical load
1) The vertical load of the left front wheel of the vehicle is:
2) The vertical load of the right front wheel of the vehicle is:
3) The vertical load of the left rear wheel of the vehicle is:
4) The vertical load of the right rear wheel of the vehicle is:
wherein, F Z1 、F Z2 、F Z3 、F Z4 Respectively representing the vertical loads of the left front wheel, the right front wheel, the left rear wheel and the right rear wheel of the vehicle; l is a radical of an alcohol 1 、L 2 The horizontal distances from the center of mass to the front and rear axes, respectively; d 1 、D 2 Respectively the horizontal distance from the center of mass to the connecting line of the centers of the left wheels and the horizontal distance from the center of mass to the connecting line of the centers of the right wheels; g is the vehicle weight; alpha is the longitudinal gradient of the road surface and is measured by a gyroscope; h is the height of the centroid.
(2) Front and rear axle wheel braking force W i Is calculated by
The invention takes into account the influence of the braking force distribution of the front and rear axles, defining W i (i =1,2,3,4) the braking forces of the left front wheel, the right front wheel, the left rear wheel and the right rear wheel of the vehicle are respectively as follows:
W 1 =F Z1 s 1 (1-β) (2.1)
W 2 =F Z2 s 2 (1-β) (2.2)
W 3 =F Z3 s 3 β (2.3)
W 4 =F Z4 s 4 β (2.4)
when the vehicle brake systems all perform well, the following relationship exists:
W 1 =W 2 =W 3 =W 4 (3)
wherein s is i (i =1,2,3,4) respectively indicates slip rates of a left front wheel, a right front wheel, a left rear wheel, and a right rear wheel of the vehicle; beta is a brake braking force distribution coefficient which represents the ratio of the braking force of the front axle brake to the braking force of the front axle brake and the rear axle brake, and the braking force distribution coefficient can be found in vehicle technical parameters.
(3) Braking performance abnormality determination function LD i Is calculated by
For any wheel, define when LD i &When lt is 0.1, the braking performance is normal, and when LD is used i And if the brake performance is not less than 0.1, indicating that the brake performance is abnormal, and performing abnormal alarm.
The specific flow of the vehicle control system during working is as follows:
1) Collecting gradient alpha and slip rate s of each wheel i (i=1,2,3,4);
2) Calculating the vertical load F of each wheel Zi (i=1,2,3,4);
3) Calculating W i (i=1,2,3,4);
4) Calculating LD i (i=1,2,3,4);
5)LD i If the value is more than or equal to 0.1, alarming, otherwise returning to 1) and continuing monitoring.
In summary, the system of the invention comprises a signal sensing unit, an information collecting and controlling unit, an alarm prompting unit and the like. The information perception part utilizes a gyroscope and an original vehicle CAN bus to acquire longitudinal gradient of a road surface and slip ratio information of each wheel and inputs the information to the information acquisition and monitoring unit. The information acquisition and control unit and the alarm prompting unit are developed based on the same single chip microcomputer, and the main functions of the information acquisition and control unit and the alarm prompting unit are to operate an alarm algorithm by receiving various signals output by the signal sensing part, provide a driver with whether a service brake system fails or not by using modes such as voice reading, buzzing and the like, help the driver to find problems early, ensure that a vehicle can operate in a good service brake efficiency state and guarantee service safety.

Claims (9)

1. A dynamic monitoring and alarming system for braking efficiency of an automobile on a long downhill is characterized in that: comprises a signal sensing part, an information acquisition and control unit (3) and an alarm prompting unit (4);
the signal sensing part comprises a gyroscope (1) and a CAN module (2), the gyroscope (1) collects road surface gradient and outputs the road surface gradient to the information collecting and controlling unit (3), and the CAN module (2) receives a vehicle ABS slip rate signal sent by an original vehicle CAN bus and outputs the vehicle ABS slip rate signal to the information collecting and controlling unit (3);
the information acquisition and control unit (3) comprises an information acquisition module (31), a vertical load calculation module (32) and a wheel braking force W i Calculation module (33) and braking performance abnormity judgment function LD i A calculation module (34) and a braking effectiveness judgment module (35);
the alarm prompting unit (4) comprises a buzzer alarm device (41) and a voice alarm device (42).
2. The dynamic monitoring and warning system for braking effectiveness on long downhill of vehicle as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
the information acquisition module (31) acquires road surface gradient information and slip rate signals of each wheel;
the vertical load calculation module (32) calculates the vertical load of each wheel according to the road gradient and vehicle parameters;
the wheel braking force W i A calculation module (33) calculates the braking force of each wheel;
the braking performance abnormality determination function LD i The calculation module (34) calculates a brake performance abnormality judgment function LD i I =1,2,3,4, representing the four front left, front right, rear left and rear right wheels;
the braking effectiveness judging module (35) judges the braking effectiveness according to LD i The value of (4) is used for judging whether the vehicle is abnormal or not and instructing the alarm prompting unit (4) to give an alarm.
3. The dynamic monitoring and warning system for braking effectiveness on long downhill slopes of vehicle according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the buzzing alarm device (41) sets different buzzing frequencies according to alarm levels.
4. A method for dynamically monitoring and alarming the braking effectiveness of a vehicle on a long downhill, which is realized by the system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) LetterThe information acquisition and control unit (3) acquires the road surface gradient alpha and the slip rate s of each wheel i (i=1,2,3,4);
2) Calculating the vertical load F of each wheel Zi (i=1,2,3,4);
3) Calculating the braking force W of each wheel i (i=1,2,3,4);
4) Calculating a braking efficiency abnormality judgment function LD for each wheel i (i=1,2,3,4);
5) For any wheel, define when LD i When =0, brake performance is normal, when LD i When the brake performance is more than 0, the brake performance is abnormal; otherwise, returning to 1) to continue monitoring.
5. The method for dynamically monitoring and alarming the braking effectiveness of long downhill of a vehicle as claimed in claim 4, wherein the vertical load F of each wheel is calculated Zi The procedure of (i =1,2,3,4) is as follows:
1) The vertical load of the left front wheel of the vehicle is:
2) The vertical load of the right front wheel of the vehicle is:
3) The vertical load of the left rear wheel of the vehicle is:
4) The vertical load of the right rear wheel of the vehicle is:
wherein L is 1 、L 2 From centroid to front and back, respectivelyHorizontal distance of the shaft; d 1 、D 2 Respectively the horizontal distance from the center of mass to a connecting line of the centers of the wheels on the left side and the horizontal distance from the center of mass to a connecting line of the centers of the wheels on the right side; g is the vehicle weight; alpha is the longitudinal gradient of the road surface and is measured by a gyroscope; h is the height of the centroid.
6. The method for dynamically monitoring and alarming the braking efficiency of a vehicle on a long downhill as claimed in claim 4, wherein the braking force W of each wheel is calculated i (i =1,2,3,4) the procedure is as follows:
the braking force of the right rear wheel of the vehicle is as follows:
1) The braking force of the left front wheel of the vehicle is as follows:
W 1 =F Z1 s 1 (1-β) (2.1)
2) The braking force of the right front wheel of the vehicle is as follows:
W 2 =F Z2 s 2 (1-β) (2.2)
3) The braking force of the left rear wheel of the vehicle is as follows:
W 3 =F Z3 s 3 β (2.3)
4) The braking force of the right rear wheel of the vehicle is as follows:
W 4 =F Z4 s 4 β (2.4)
wherein, F Zi (i =1,2,3,4) represents vertical loads of the left front wheel, the right front wheel, the left rear wheel, and the right rear wheel of the vehicle, respectively, s i (i =1,2,3,4) respectively indicate slip ratios of the left front wheel, the right front wheel, the left rear wheel, and the right rear wheel of the vehicle; beta is a brake braking force distribution coefficient and represents the ratio of the braking force of the front axle brake to the braking force of the front axle brake and the rear axle brake.
7. The method for dynamically monitoring and alarming the braking effectiveness of long downhill of a vehicle as claimed in claim 4 or 6, wherein the braking effectiveness abnormality determination function LD of each wheel i The calculation formula of (a) is as follows:
8. the method for dynamically monitoring and alarming the braking effectiveness of a long downhill of a vehicle as claimed in claim 4 or 7, wherein when LD is measured i And (5) starting to alarm when the alarm is more than or equal to 0.1.
9. Method for dynamic monitoring and alarming of braking effectiveness on long downhill slopes of vehicles according to any one of claims 4 to 8, wherein when alarming, the LD is determined i The value of (D) is divided into alarm levels, LD i The larger the value is, the higher the alarm level is, the larger the corresponding buzzer frequency is, and vice versa, the smaller the buzzer frequency is.
CN201710887974.XA 2017-09-27 2017-09-27 A kind of the automobile long dynamic monitoring of down hill braking efficiency, warning system and method Pending CN107672580A (en)

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CN109606329A (en) * 2018-11-27 2019-04-12 长安大学 A kind of long down hill braking device temperature monitor and control device of goods stock and its control method
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CN112428921A (en) * 2019-08-06 2021-03-02 上海博泰悦臻网络技术服务有限公司 Continuous downhill road section prompting method and device and vehicle
CN112428921B (en) * 2019-08-06 2022-11-04 上海博泰悦臻网络技术服务有限公司 Continuous downhill road section prompting method and device and vehicle
CN110936945A (en) * 2019-11-11 2020-03-31 南京航空航天大学 Disc brake self-detection system and method based on multi-sensor fusion
WO2021093291A1 (en) * 2019-11-11 2021-05-20 南京航空航天大学 Multi-sensor fusion based self-detection system and method for disc brakes
CN111276009A (en) * 2020-02-28 2020-06-12 长安大学 System and method for reminding front and rear vehicles of out-of-control truck on long downhill section
CN111276009B (en) * 2020-02-28 2021-09-28 长安大学 System and method for reminding front and rear vehicles of out-of-control truck on long downhill section
CN114708725A (en) * 2022-03-01 2022-07-05 长安大学 Temperature early warning system and early warning method for vehicle brake on long and large downhill road section
CN114708725B (en) * 2022-03-01 2023-02-21 长安大学 Temperature early warning system and early warning method for vehicle brake on long and large downhill road section
CN115384461A (en) * 2022-08-23 2022-11-25 江西五十铃汽车有限公司 Automatic braking method and system for commercial vehicle and commercial vehicle
CN115384461B (en) * 2022-08-23 2024-03-01 江西五十铃汽车有限公司 Automatic braking method and system for commercial vehicle and commercial vehicle

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