CN107669296A - 带一次性水囊的超声支气管镜 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开一种带一次性水囊的超声支气管镜,包括支气管镜本体、***管、导光管,所述***管的端部上设有超声波探测头,所述***管的前端表面上平行设有两环形凹槽,所述***管前端的外表面还套设有一次性水囊,所述一次性水囊通过注水管与水囊操作部件连接,所述水囊操作部件包括一测压囊。本支气管镜的超声探测头设于***管的端部,使扫描方向与***方向一致,扫描方向广,适用于叶或段支气管以下肺外周病变的检测和活检,且***端还设有一次性水囊,既有利于超声支气管镜清晰探测肺外周病变及实时活检,及时对病灶诊断和治疗,也可通过水囊阻止出血往外溢,达到进行及时填塞止血,实用性好,适于推广使用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种医疗设备,具体涉及一种带一次性水囊的超声支气管镜。
背景技术
超声支气管镜检查是利用直径约0.6公分的支气管镜,在施行咽喉局部麻醉及静脉基础麻醉后,经口腔、鼻腔或气管切开口放入气管进行检查或治疗的技术。主要适用于明确肺门及纵隔肿大***病变性质,尤其是肺癌患者诊断及分期,利用超声支气管镜肺门及纵隔肿大***活检组织做切片病理检查几乎可以使50%及更多的肺癌得以确诊及明确分期。该技术已经成为临床重要检查项目之一。但目前尚无利用超声支气管镜对段以下支气管肺部病灶进行超声实时活检的报道。此外,经支气管镜下操作有一个严重并发症,就是引起气道大出血,因为出血速度过快大于支气管镜的吸引能力而导致血液在短时间内迅速填塞双侧支气管导致患者窒息死亡。这一严重状况在各大医院均有发生,临床一直无太多办法,从而给病人、医院带来双重损失,并成为医疗纠纷的导火索。因此,近年来国内外专家召开多次“支气管镜检查大出血临床抢救措施”的研讨会,但至今仍然未讨论出合适措施。
目前,传统的超声支气管镜结构如图2所示,包括支气管镜本体、设于支气管镜本体下端的***管及其设于支气管镜本体一侧的导光管,所述***管的端部一侧设有超声探测头,这种结构的超声支气管镜存在以下缺陷:超声探测头设于***管端部的一侧,则超声探测头的扫描方向与***方向垂直,只能扫描***管一侧的方向,而不能扫描***管的正前方向,因此传统的超声支气管镜主要用于肺癌***转移的分期、纵膈病变和邻接气管或主支气道的病变进行实时活检诊断和治疗,对段支气管以下肺外周的病灶无法进行超声实时活检,使用限制;此外,***管上没有设置止血装置,若支气管镜操作出现大出血时,需要先置入导丝至出血部位,再拔出支气管镜置入球囊止血,操作复杂,且可能不能及时止血造成医疗事故。
发明内容
针对现有技术存在的不足,本发明提供一种可外带一次性水囊的超声支气管镜,本支气管镜的超声探测头设于***管的端部,使扫描方向与***方向一致,扫描方向广,适用于段支气管以下肺外周病变的检测和活检,且紧邻***端部的后部本体还可外带一次性水囊,通过往目标支气管肺泡组织注满无菌生理盐水,然后打胀水囊阻止生理盐水外溢,既有利于超声支气管镜能通过充足水介质清晰探测肺外周病变及实时活检,及时对病灶诊断和治疗,也可通过水囊阻止出血往外溢,达到进行及时填塞止血。
为了达到上述目的,本发明采取的技术方案:
带一次性水囊的超声支气管镜,包括支气管镜本体、设于支气管镜本体下端的***管、设于支气管镜本体一侧的导光管,支气管本体内设有注水管和工作通道,所述***管的端部上设有超声波探测头,所述***管的前端表面、且超声波探测头处平行设有两环形凹槽,所述***管上、且位于两环形凹槽之间开设有注水管出口,所述***管的外表面套设有一次性水囊,所述一次性水囊的两端开口、呈圆柱形状,且所述一次性水囊的两端均分别与两环形凹槽密封稳固连接,所述一次性水囊通过套设于所述***管内的注水管与位于支气管镜本体上的水囊操作部件连接,所述水囊操作部件包括可感知一次性水囊与支气管壁压力的测压囊。
作为优选技术方案,为了保证注水管可将一次性水囊注满并具有足够的压迫力,且一次性水囊不易爆裂,从而减少生理盐水外溢并及时有效止血,同时防止一次性水囊的体积过大,对支气管壁造成损伤,所述一次性水囊是由聚乙烯材料制成的、且其长度为1.0~1.5cm。
作为优选技术方案,为了保证注水管可将一次性水囊注满,同时防止注水管的硬度过大而对支气管镜造成损伤,所述注水管是由聚乙烯材料制成的。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有的有益效果:
1、本支气管镜的凸面超声探测头设于***管的端部,使扫描方向与***方向一致,扫描方向广,适用于段支气管以下肺外周病变的检测和活检,且紧邻***端部的后部本体还可外带一次性水囊,通过往目标支气管肺泡组织注满无菌生理盐水,然后打胀水囊阻止生理盐水外溢,既有利于超声支气管镜能通过充足水介质清晰探测肺外周病变及实时活检,及时对病灶诊断和治疗,也可通过水囊阻止出血往外溢,达到进行及时填塞止血;此外,在不需装上一次性水囊给病人做支气管镜时,注水管操作部可接氧源,为病人增加供氧,实用性好,适于推广使用。
2、一次性水囊的规格尺寸设置科学合理,保***水囊具有足够的压迫力,减少生理盐水外溢并及时有效止血,同时防止一次性水囊的体积过大,对支气管壁造成损伤。
3、注水管的材料选择科学合理,保证注水管可将一次性水囊注满,同时防止注水管的硬度过大而对支气管镜造成损伤。
附图说明
下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明作进一步地详细说明。
图1为本发明的结构示意图;
图2为现有支气管镜的结构示意图;
附图标号:1、支气管镜本体,2、***管,3、导光管,4、超声波探测头,5、环形凹槽,6、注水管出口,7、一次性水囊,8、水囊操作部件,9、测压囊,10、活检口,11、物镜。
具体实施方式
如图1所示提出本发明一种具体实施例,带一次性水囊的超声支气管镜,包括支气管镜本体1、设于支气管镜本体1下端的***管2、设于支气管镜本体1一侧的导光管3,所述导光管3还包括超声波成像管,导光管3不仅连接支气管镜和超声主机、还分别连接成像仪,所述***管2的端部上设有超声波探测头4,本实施例选择凸面形式的超声波探测头4,所述***管2的端部上还开设有活检口10、还设有目镜11,则所述超声波探测头4、活检口10、目镜11均设于所述***管2的端部上,且最好设置活检口10位于***管2端部的中心处,所述***管2的前端表面、且紧邻超声波探测头4处平行设有两环形凹槽5,所述***管2上、且位于两环形凹槽5之间开设有注水管出口6,所述***管2前端的外表面套设有一次性水囊7,所述一次性水囊7的两端开口、呈圆柱形状,且所述一次性水囊7的两端均分别与两环形凹槽5密封稳固连接,本实施例通过在一次性水囊7的两端设有圆形弹性塑料圈,实现一次性水囊7与两环形凹槽5的密封紧固连接,且一次性水囊7由高分子聚合材料制成,使其具有高弹性、高延展性、高抗压性、不易破损等特点,例如聚醚阻滞酰胺和聚乙烯-乙烯基乙酸的混合物制成,所述一次性水囊7通过套设于所述***管内的注水管与位于支气管镜本体1上的水囊操作部件8连接,则所述注水管从水囊操作部件8延伸出注水管出口6,一次性水囊7通过注水管使其注满,所述水囊操作部件8包括可感知一次性水囊7与支气管壁压力的测压囊9,则通过触碰测压囊9即可知道一次性水囊7的注水量。
所述一次性水囊7是由聚乙烯材料制成的、且其长度为1.0~1.5cm,所述一次性水囊7的外径可根据所在支气管内径大小合理设置,则一次性水囊7膨胀度由支气管内径的大小决定,保***水囊膨胀至支气管内径一样大小、且不破,保证注水管可将一次性水囊7注满并具有足够的压迫力,且一次性水囊7不易爆裂,从而减少生理盐水外溢并及时有效止血,同时防止一次性水囊的体积过大,从而对支气管壁造成损伤。
所述注水管是由聚乙烯材料制成的,保证注水管可将一次性水囊7注满,同时防止注水管的硬度过大而对支气管壁造成损伤。
本发明使用时:***管套上一次性水囊7,导光管连接主机后,将***管***患者气道内检查,超声探测头4探测方向与***方向同向,检查前根据胸部CT明确病灶所在肺叶或段,将超声探测头4嵌入相应的支气管后,通过活检口10将所在支气管肺叶注入生理盐水,同时尽量排空支气管及肺泡气体,为了防生理盐水外溢,可将水囊打胀密封支气管镜与支气管壁之间间隙,因超声在盐水媒介中可以探测,当超声探测前方有异常结节影并符合胸部CT影像提示,即可将一次性穿刺活检针通过活检通道在超声实时下穿入病灶进行活检,可实现对段支气管以下肺外周病灶进行超声直视下实时活检。在左或右主支气管及以下部位活检或相关操作出现大出血时,立即注入生理盐水打胀水囊封堵出血点近端的支气管,亦可在左或右主支气管活检或相关介入操作前,如考虑存在大出血高风险,可以先将镜头送至合适位置,再将一次性水囊7打胀,封堵左或右主支气管,然后再活检或操作,如发生出血,将支气管镜稍往前推,一次性水囊7便可压迫出血部位,达到止血,必要时可以向出血支气管注入止血药物,并随时吸引判断出血是否控制。同时因出血前已打胀一次性水囊7封堵该侧主支气管,出血无法到达气管及对侧主支气管,不会引起窒息。若不需装上一次性水囊7给病人做支气管镜,注水管操作部可连接氧气源,氧气可从注水管出口输出进入气管、支气管内,为病人增加供氧气,可当做氧气管使用。
当然,上面只是结合附图对本发明优选的具体实施方式作了详细描述,并非以此限制本发明的实施范围,凡依本发明的原理、构造以及结构所作的等效变化,均应涵盖于本发明的保护范围内。
Claims (3)
1.带一次性水囊的超声支气管镜,包括支气管镜本体(1)、设于支气管镜本体(1)下端的***管(2)、设于支气管镜本体(1)一侧的导光管(3),其特征在于:所述***管(2)的端部上设有超声波探测头(4),所述***管(2)的前端表面上、且紧邻超声波探测头(4)处平行设有两环形凹槽(5),所述***管(2)上、且位于两环形凹槽(5)之间开设有注水管出口(6),所述***管(2)前端的外表面还套设有一次性水囊(7),所述一次性水囊(7)的两端开口、呈圆柱形状,且所述一次性水囊(7)的两端均分别与两环形凹槽(5)密封稳固连接,所述一次性水囊(7)通过套设于所述***管(2)内的注水管与位于支气管镜本体(1)上的水囊操作部件(8)连接,所述水囊操作部件(8)包括可感知一次性水囊(7)与支气管壁压力的测压囊(9)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的带一次性水囊的超声支气管镜,其特征在于:所述一次性水囊(7)的长度为1.0~1.5cm。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的带一次性水囊的超声支气管镜,其特征在于:所述注水管是由聚乙烯材料制成的。
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