CN107659870B - Digital underwater acoustic transducer unit, array, device and control method - Google Patents
Digital underwater acoustic transducer unit, array, device and control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107659870B CN107659870B CN201711174317.7A CN201711174317A CN107659870B CN 107659870 B CN107659870 B CN 107659870B CN 201711174317 A CN201711174317 A CN 201711174317A CN 107659870 B CN107659870 B CN 107659870B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
- H04R1/44—Special adaptations for subaqueous use, e.g. for hydrophone
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
- H04R9/02—Details
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
- H04R9/06—Loudspeakers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R2400/00—Loudspeakers
- H04R2400/11—Aspects regarding the frame of loudspeaker transducers
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Transducers For Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a digital underwater acoustic transducer unit, wherein two end surfaces of an outer wall are respectively provided with a sealing film, each piston radiation surface is fixed on the inner side surface of the sealing film, the piston radiation surface is fixed on the outer wall through an elastic piece, and the two piston radiation surfaces are connected and fixed through a connecting rod; the permanent magnet is fixed on the inner side surface of the piston radiation surface, and the surface of the permanent magnet, which is contacted with the piston radiation surface, has the same polarity; the middle of the iron core is provided with a through hole, the connecting rod penetrates through the through hole, the coil is wound on the outer side surface of the iron core, the electromagnet is fixed on the outer wall through the fixed connecting piece, the end surface of the iron core corresponds to the position of the permanent magnet, and the interior of the transducer unit is filled with oily liquid. The invention also relates to a digital low-frequency broadband underwater acoustic transducer unit array, a device and a control method. The invention has the advantages of providing a digital underwater acoustic transducer unit, array and device which have small volume, light weight and low power consumption, and can realize underwater low-frequency high-power acoustic radiation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of underwater acoustic transducers, and particularly relates to a digital underwater acoustic transducer unit, an array, a device and a control method.
Background
Acoustic waves are the only known information carrier capable of being propagated underwater at a long distance, and acoustic methods are the main means in the fields of underwater detection, measurement, target identification and positioning, marine geological exploration and the like, and are increasingly used. With the development of modern underwater acoustic technology, the low-end working frequency of sound waves in some fields has been extended to a very low frequency band below one hundred hertz, so that the development of low-frequency broadband underwater acoustic transducers, particularly transmitting transducers, has great significance and value as a necessary tool for implementing the underwater acoustic technology.
The traditional underwater low-frequency acoustic radiation transducer mainly comprises an overflow type circular ring transducer, a multimode bending transducer, an electrodynamic transducer and the like. In order to achieve higher low-frequency acoustic radiation capability, the transducers generally have larger volume, weight and power loss, and need a high-power amplifier capable of outputting a large-amplitude analog signal for driving, and have high damage rate and poor long-term working reliability during use. At the same time, the radiated low frequency sound waves may contain high distortion, which in some cases may have a large negative impact, such as in the field of active control, due to the physical nonlinearity of the transducer itself. At present, the underwater sound field still lacks a low-frequency broadband transducer with small volume, light weight and low power consumption, and the application requirement is urgent.
The digital transducer is a novel acoustic device, is mainly applied to the field of air speakers at present, and has two main design ideas: firstly, changing the driving form of a power amplifier, directly outputting digital signals of 0 and 1 to drive an original sounding device, for example, a Chinese patent full digital loudspeaker device with publication number of CN 101986721A; secondly, the physical structure of the sounding device is changed, so that the sounding device is continuously switched between 0 and 1 positions when in operation to form a digital unit, and a plurality of units are used for forming an array to finish sounding of multi-bit digital signals, for example, china patent with publication number CN101558660, namely, a device and a method for generating pressure waves, and related international patents. The digital air loudspeaker has lower power consumption and better sound quality, which is one of the main directions of development in the field, but the existing design structure and method cannot be applied to the underwater sound field due to the large medium difference between air and water.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a digital underwater acoustic transducer unit which can be applied to underwater digital sounding and has small volume, light weight and low power consumption.
The invention solves the technical problems through the following technical scheme:
the technical scheme is as follows:
a digital underwater acoustic transducer unit comprises an outer wall, two piston radiation surfaces, two permanent magnets and an electromagnet formed by an iron core and a coil; the two end surfaces of the outer wall are respectively provided with a sealing film, the piston radiation surfaces are fixed on the inner side surfaces of the sealing films and are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence manner, the piston radiation surfaces are fixed on the outer wall through elastic pieces, and the two piston radiation surfaces are connected and fixed through a connecting rod; the permanent magnets are fixed on the inner side surfaces of the piston radiation surfaces and are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the surfaces of the permanent magnets, which are in contact with the piston radiation surfaces, have the same polarity; the middle of the iron core is provided with a through hole, the connecting rod penetrates through the through hole, the coil is wound on the outer side surface of the iron core, and the wires at the two ends of the coil penetrate out of the outer wall to form an input interface of the transducer unit; the electromagnet is fixed on the outer wall through a fixed connecting piece, the end face of the iron core corresponds to the position of the permanent magnet, and the distance between the two end faces of the iron core and the permanent magnets at the two sides is kept consistent in the balance position; the interior of the transducer unit is filled with an oily liquid.
More preferably, the elastic member is a leaf spring.
More preferably, both end surfaces of the iron core are provided with soft cushions.
More preferably, the outer wall is of a cylindrical structure, the piston radiation surface is arranged at the center position of the inner side surface of the sealing film, and the connecting rod is connected with and fixes the center position of the piston radiation surface.
More preferably, the permanent magnet is of an integral annular structure or a discrete block structure.
More preferably, the connecting pieces are circumferentially distributed between the outer wall and the electromagnet.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a digital low-frequency broadband underwater acoustic transducer unit array, which can realize underwater low-frequency high-power acoustic radiation, can greatly reduce the volume, weight and power consumption of the traditional transducer under the same acoustic radiation performance, and can improve indexes such as nonlinear distortion of low-frequency emitted sound.
The invention solves the technical problems through the following technical scheme II:
the second technical scheme is as follows:
a digital low-frequency broadband underwater acoustic transducer unit array is composed of a plurality of transducer units which are horizontally arranged.
More preferably, the transducer cell array further comprises an additional baffle or a sound absorbing layer composed of a sound absorbing material; the additional baffle is provided with a through hole, and the transducer unit array is embedded in the through hole; the sound absorption layer is attached to the upper bottom surface or the lower bottom surface of the transducer unit array.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a digital low-frequency broadband underwater acoustic transducer device, which utilizes an underwater pressure self-balancing air bag structure to effectively solve the problem of low-frequency acoustic emission efficiency of a dipole transducer unit and greatly improve the low-frequency acoustic radiation capability of the transducer.
The invention solves the technical problems through the following technical scheme III:
the technical scheme is as follows:
the digital low-frequency broadband underwater acoustic transducer device comprises a transducer unit array, a cavity and an air bag, wherein the cavity is provided with a hole, the transducer unit array is arranged at the hole and is combined with the hole in a sealing way, and a water permeable hole is also formed in the wall of the cavity; the air bag opening is tightly combined with the back side of the transducer unit array to form a closed air cavity, the air bag is arranged in the cavity, and the air bag is further provided with an air filling hole.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a digital low-frequency broadband underwater acoustic transducer control method, under which the transducer unit array can complete conversion from digital signals to physical signals, and meanwhile, the periodic change of unit addresses is realized, so that the problem of uneven switching times of physical states of different transducer units is effectively solved, the situation that individual transducer units are easy to damage due to excessive use is avoided, and the service life of the transducer unit array is prolonged.
The invention solves the technical problems through the following technical scheme IV:
the technical scheme is as follows:
a digital low-frequency broadband underwater acoustic transducer control method converts a sampling value y (n) to be output into a physical acoustic signal through the transducer unit array, wherein n is the sampling period number, and the control method comprises the following steps:
step 10, initializing: y (0) =0, let the physical state of the transducer element be 0, i.e. at a static position representing 0; assigning different unit addresses to all the transducer units, wherein the unit address range is 0~X-1, and the total number of the transducer units is x=total;
step 20, acquiring a sampling value y (n) to be output;
step 30, comparing y (n) with y (n-1):
if the sampling value y (n) of the nth period is greater than the sampling value y (n-1) of the n-1 th period, the transducer units with the unit addresses of y (n-1) +1 to y (n) are subjected to value change, and then step 40 is executed;
if y (n) =y (n-1), the value of each transducer unit is kept unchanged, and then step 40 is performed;
if y (n) < y (n-1), changing the values of the transducer units with the unit addresses of y (n) +1 to y (n-1), and then executing step 40;
step 40, comprehensively judging the number of times of value change of each transducer unit, and if the value change of any one transducer unit in the transducer unit array is executed twice, correspondingly, keeping the physical state of the transducer unit unchanged; if the value change of any one transducer unit is only executed once, switching the physical state of the transducer unit with the value changed once; if any one of the transducer units does not execute the value change, the physical state of the transducer unit is kept unchanged;
after the physical states of the transducer units are correspondingly processed, executing a step 50;
step 50, let n=n+1, return to the step 20 to restart execution.
More preferably, the control method may further be performed by:
by setting a positive integer N in the step 10, the unit address is periodically changed, and the specific steps are as follows:
the step 10 specifically comprises the following steps: initializing: y (0) =0, let the physical state of the transducer unit be 0, assign different unit addresses to all transducer units, the unit address range be 0~X-1, and x=the total number of transducer units; setting a positive integer N, wherein the value of N is set according to the sampling rate and/or the working time of the transducer unit array;
the step 20 is performed: acquiring a sampling value y (n) to be output, and then executing step 31;
step 31 is performed: it is determined whether N is divisible by N,
if not, sequentially executing the steps 30, 40 and 50;
if yes, adding 1 to the unit address of each transducer unit, changing the value of the transducer unit with the largest unit address, setting 0 to the unit address, and simultaneously changing the value of the transducer unit with the unit address of y (n-1) +1; the steps 40 and 50 are then performed.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The invention provides a digital underwater acoustic transducer unit, which is characterized in that sealing films are arranged on two end surfaces of an outer wall, oily liquid is filled in the digital underwater acoustic transducer unit, and a large enough suction force and a large enough repulsive force are generated between an electromagnet and a permanent magnet, so that the conversion from a digital sampling signal to a physical acoustic signal is realized by combining a piston radiation surface, the underwater acoustic wave emission of the digital underwater acoustic transducer unit is completed,
(2) The invention provides a digital low-frequency broadband underwater acoustic transducer array, which can greatly reduce the volume, weight and power consumption of the traditional transducer under the same acoustic radiation performance, and can improve the indexes such as nonlinear distortion of low-frequency emitted sound.
(3) The invention provides a digital low-frequency broadband underwater acoustic transducer device, which effectively solves the problem of low-frequency acoustic emission efficiency of a dipole transducer unit by utilizing an underwater pressure self-balancing air bag structure and can greatly improve the low-frequency acoustic radiation capability of the transducer.
(4) The invention provides a digital low-frequency broadband underwater acoustic transducer control method, by which a transducer unit array can complete conversion from a digital signal to a physical signal, and meanwhile, the periodic change of a unit address is realized, so that the problem of uneven switching times of physical states of different transducer units is effectively solved, the condition that individual transducer units are easy to damage due to excessive use is avoided, and the service life of the transducer unit array is prolonged.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal structural cross-sectional view of a digital underwater acoustic transducer unit;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a transverse structure of a digital underwater acoustic transducer unit;
FIG. 3 is a front view of an array of digital low frequency broadband underwater acoustic transducer elements with an additional baffle;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a digital low frequency wideband underwater acoustic transducer array with sound absorbing layers;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a digital low frequency wideband underwater acoustic transducer apparatus;
FIG. 6 is a flow chart of a method of digital low frequency broadband underwater acoustic transducer control;
fig. 7 is a flowchart of a digital low frequency broadband underwater acoustic transducer control method capable of realizing periodic change of unit addresses.
The reference numerals in the drawings are as follows:
1-outer wall, 2-piston radiating surface, 3-permanent magnet, 4-electromagnet, 41-iron core, 42-coil, 5-sealing film, 6-elastic piece, 7-connecting rod, 8-connecting piece, 9-cushion, 10-transducer unit, 20-transducer unit array, 21-additional baffle, 22-sound absorption layer, 23-cavity, 24-air bag, 26-water permeable hole, 27-air charging hole.
Detailed Description
Please describe the present invention in detail with reference to fig. 1 to 7 and the embodiment.
Embodiment one:
referring to fig. 1 and 2, a digital underwater acoustic transducer unit includes an outer wall 1, two piston radiating surfaces 2, two permanent magnets 3, and an electromagnet 4 composed of an iron core 41 and a coil 42; the two end faces of the outer wall 1 are respectively provided with a sealing film 5, so that the inside and the outside of the transducer unit 10 are completely isolated, each piston radiation surface 2 is fixed on the inner side face of the sealing film 5 and is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence manner, the two piston radiation surfaces 2 are fixed on the outer wall 1 through technologies such as bonding or vulcanization, the piston radiation surfaces 2 can move in the axial direction under the constraint of the elastic piece 6, the two piston radiation surfaces 2 are connected and fixed through a connecting rod 7, the connecting rod 7 has a better effect, and the two piston radiation surfaces 2 can only vibrate in the axial direction relative to the outer wall 1 integrally through the connecting rod 7; the permanent magnets 3 are fixed on the inner side surface of the piston radiation surface 2 and are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the surfaces of the permanent magnets 3, which are in contact with the piston radiation surface 2, have the same polarity; the middle of the iron core 41 is provided with a through hole 411, the connecting rod 7 penetrates through the through hole 411, the coil 42 is wound on the outer side surface of the iron core 41, the wires at the two ends of the coil 42 penetrate out of the outer wall 1 to form an input interface (the wires at the two ends are both input interfaces) of the transducer unit 10, preferably, the wires at the two ends of the coil 42 penetrate through the connecting piece 8 and then penetrate out of the outer wall 1, and the wires penetrate through the middle of the connecting piece 8, so that the wires can be prevented from being soaked in oily liquid all the time, and adverse effects caused by liquid flow due to axial vibration of the piston radiation surface 2 can be greatly weakened. The iron core 41 is generally made of soft magnetic materials and is arranged in the middle position inside the transducer unit 10, the electromagnet 4 is fixed on the outer wall 1 through a fixed connecting piece 8, the end face of the iron core 41 corresponds to the position of the permanent magnet 3, and in the balance position, the distance between the two end faces of the iron core 41 and the permanent magnets 3 at the two sides is kept consistent, so that the movement of the piston radiation surface 2 in two directions is completely consistent; the interior of the transducer unit 10 is filled with an oily liquid which can enhance the pressure resistance of the interior.
The elastic element 6 is a leaf spring, which has a high transverse stiffness, so that the piston radiation surface 2 can only move in the axial direction.
The two end surfaces of the iron core 41 are respectively provided with a soft cushion 9 for reducing the impact force generated when the permanent magnet 3 collides with the iron core 41.
The outer wall 1 is of a cylindrical structure, the piston radiation surface 2 is arranged at the center of the inner side surface of the sealing film 5, and the connecting rod 7 is connected with and fixes the center of the piston radiation surface 2.
The permanent magnet 3 is an integral annular structure or a discrete block structure, each discrete block structure forms an annular shape, and gaps can be formed among the block structures.
The connecting pieces 8 are circumferentially distributed between the outer wall 1 and the electromagnet 4, but do not fill the whole space between the electromagnet and the outer wall, and a larger gap exists between the adjacent connecting pieces, so that the resistance generated by internal fluid when the piston radiation surface 2 moves is weakened. The total volume of the connecting piece 8 is less than or equal to half of the volume of the peripheral space of the electromagnet 4, and the peripheral space of the electromagnet 4 is a space formed between the peripheral surface of the electromagnet 4 and the outer wall 1. As shown in fig. 2, four connecting pieces 8 are uniformly distributed in the annular space between the outer wall 1 and the electromagnet 4 along the circumferential direction, and generally occupy 1/2 of the volume of the annular space, and a large gap is reserved between adjacent connecting pieces 8, so that the connecting pieces 8 are generally fixed by adhesive.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: when the coil 42 is electrified, the electromagnet 4 will generate polarity, thereby generating attraction to the permanent magnet 3 of the piston radiation surface 2 on one side and rejection to the permanent magnet 3 on the other side; the force of the electromagnet 4 to the permanent magnet 3 will cause the whole movement of the piston radiation surface 2 and the connecting rod 7 until the permanent magnet 3 on one side is contacted with the iron core 41 through the soft pad 9, at this time, even if the current is disconnected, the whole of the piston radiation surface 2 and the connecting rod 7 will be stable in the state because the attraction force of the permanent magnet 3 on the two sides to the iron core 41 is different until the coil 42 is electrified with the reverse current, so that the permanent magnet 3 on the other side is contacted with the iron core 41 through the soft pad 9. Therefore, the two side piston radiation surfaces 2 and the connecting rod 7 form a whole with only two static positions, which respectively represent 0 and 1, and are continuously switched in the two static positions during normal operation.
The invention provides a digital underwater acoustic transducer unit, which realizes water prevention through a sealing film 5, has higher pressure resistance through oil-filled liquid, resists water pressure, generates enough suction force and repulsive force through an electromagnet 4 and a permanent magnet 3, can normally move under water pressure, and realizes the emission of underwater acoustic pulse by combining a piston radiation surface 2. Therefore, the invention is a digital underwater acoustic transducer unit which can be applied to the underwater acoustic field, and fills the gap of the prior art.
Embodiment two:
referring to fig. 3 and 4, a digital low frequency wideband underwater acoustic transducer unit array 20 is formed by horizontally arranging a plurality of transducer units 10. The number of transducer elements 10 is determined by the number of bits of the digital sample signal to be converted. At a number of transducer elements 10 of 2 M By way of example (where M is a positive integer), conversion of a digital sampled signal of M bits into a physical acoustic signal may be achieved. Each of the transducer units is independent from each other, and generally, each of the transducer units 10 is uniformly and correspondingly connected with a power amplifier (not shown), and the input interface of each of the transducer units 10 is connected with the corresponding power amplifier, and the power amplifier controls the on-off and the current direction of the transducer unit 10 according to the received control signal.
The working principle of the transducer unit array 20 is described in the fourth embodiment or the fifth embodiment of the present invention, and will not be described herein.
The invention relates to a digital low-frequency broadband underwater acoustic transducer unit array, which also comprises an additional baffle 21 or a sound absorption layer 22 made of sound absorption materials; the additional baffle 21 is provided with a through hole, and the transducer unit array 20 is embedded in the through hole; the sound absorbing layer 22 is applied to the upper or lower bottom surface of the transducer cell array 20. Since the transducer unit 10 is essentially a dipole sound source, low frequency performance can be enhanced by means of the additional baffle 21 or sound absorbing layer 22.
The digital low-frequency broadband underwater acoustic transducer unit array provided by the invention can complete underwater acoustic wave emission by utilizing a digital sounding principle, has better low-frequency broadband acoustic radiation performance, can greatly reduce the volume, weight and power consumption of the traditional transducer under the same acoustic radiation performance, and can improve the indexes such as nonlinear distortion and the like of low-frequency emitted sound.
Embodiment III:
referring to fig. 5, a digital low-frequency broadband underwater acoustic transducer device includes a transducer unit array 20, a cavity 23 and an air bag 24, wherein the transducer unit array 20 is composed of transducer units (10) according to the first embodiment; the cavity 23 is provided with a hole, the transducer unit array 20 is arranged at the hole and combined with the hole in a sealing way, and the wall of the cavity 23 is also provided with a water permeable hole 26; the opening of the air bag 24 is tightly combined with the back side of the transducer unit array 20 to form a closed air cavity, the air bag 24 is arranged in the cavity 23, and the air bag 24 is also provided with an air charging hole 27. The inflation port 27 may be generally fixed to the outer wall of the cavity 23 to facilitate inflation.
When the transducer device is placed under water, the cavity 23 is filled with liquid and is communicated with surrounding water area through the water permeable holes 26, air is stored in the air bag 24, so that the piston radiation surface 10 on the back side of each transducer unit 10 of the transducer unit array 20 can be contacted with air, the air charging holes 27 are used for pre-charging the air bag 24 with air with a certain pressure, and when the transducer device works, the air charging holes 27 are closed. Due to the high compressibility of air, the additional elastic resistance created by the air within the bladder 24 is low when the piston radiating surface 2 of the transducer unit 10 is moved axially, substantially without affecting the proper operation of the transducer unit 10. Meanwhile, when the whole transducer unit array 20 is at different depths, external fluid of the transducer device can freely flow into or flow out of the cavity 23 due to the existence of the water permeable holes 26, so that the pressure inside and outside the cavity is consistent all the time, the automatic balance of the air pressure in the air bag 24 and the external hydraulic pressure of the transducer device is ensured, and the normal operation of the transducer unit array 20 is ensured. With the above structure, the size and shape of the cavity 23 and the balloon 24 should be optimized according to the specific working depth range of the transducer device, and the balloon 24 should be pre-filled with air of a certain pressure through the air-filling hole 27.
The working principle of the transducer unit array 20 in the digital low-frequency broadband underwater acoustic transducer device of the present invention is as described in the fourth embodiment or the fifth embodiment of the present invention, and will not be described herein.
The digital low-frequency broadband underwater acoustic transducer device effectively solves the problem of low-frequency acoustic emission efficiency of the dipole transducer by utilizing the underwater pressure self-balancing air bag structure, and greatly improves the low-frequency acoustic radiation capability of the transducer.
Embodiment four:
referring to fig. 6, a digital low-frequency wideband underwater acoustic transducer control method converts a sampling value y (n) to be output into a physical acoustic signal by the transducer unit array 20, where n is a sampling period number, and the control method includes the following steps:
step 10, initializing: y (0) =0, let the physical state of the transducer unit 10 be 0, i.e. at a static position representing 0; assigning different cell addresses to all transducer cells 10, the cell address range being 0~X-1, the X = total number of transducer cells 10; at a total number of transducer elements 10 of 2 M For example, conversion from a digital sampling signal with M bits to a physical sound signal can be realized, and the unit address of each transducer unit 10 is 0-2 M -1。
Step 20, acquiring a sampling value y (n) to be output;
step 30, comparing y (n) with y (n-1):
if the sampling value y (n) of the n-th period is greater than the sampling value y (n-1) of the n-1 th period, the transducer unit 10 with the unit address of y (n-1) +1 to y (n) is changed, and then step 40 is executed;
if y (n) =y (n-1), the value of each transducer unit 10 is kept unchanged, and then step 40 is performed;
if y (n) < y (n-1), changing the values of the transducer units with the unit addresses of y (n) +1 to y (n-1), and then executing step 40;
step 40, comprehensively judging the number of times of changing the value of each transducer unit 10, if any one transducer unit 10 in the transducer unit array 20 is changed in value twice, correspondingly, the physical state of the transducer unit 10 is kept unchanged; if the value change of any one of the transducer units 10 is only executed once, the physical state of the transducer unit 10 with the value changed once is switched; if any one of the transducer units 10 does not perform the value change, the physical state of the transducer unit 10 remains unchanged;
the method comprises the steps that a unified sampling clock is utilized for a transducer unit 10 with a changed value, forward or reverse driving current is introduced to an input interface of the transducer unit 10 through the power amplifier, the physical state of a switch piston radiation surface 2 is correspondingly processed for the physical state of each transducer unit 10, and then step 50 is executed;
step 50, let n=n+1, return to the step 20 to restart execution.
Under the above control method, the transducer unit array 20 can complete conversion from digital signals to physical acoustic signals.
However, since the transducer cell array 20 must be capable of satisfying the acoustic signal conversion within a set range, the middle position is generally a signal common area, and the two ends are signal extreme values, which results in frequent use and easy damage of some transducer cells 10 in the entire transducer array 20, and affects the service life of the entire transducer cell array 20.
Therefore, the present invention provides another preferred embodiment, referring to fig. 7, by setting a positive integer N in the step 10, the cell address is changed periodically, which is specifically as follows:
the step 10 specifically comprises the following steps: initializing: y (0) =0, let the physical state of the transducer unit 10 be 0, assign different unit addresses to all transducer units 10, the unit address range be 0~X-1, and the x=total number of transducer units 10; setting a positive integer N, wherein the value of N is set according to the sampling rate and/or the working time of the transducer unit array 20; at a total number of transducer elements 10 of 2 M For example, conversion from a digital sampling signal with M bits to a physical sound signal can be realized, and the unit address of each transducer unit 10 is 0-2 M -1; the positive integer N can be set to 2 M 。
The step 20 is performed: acquiring a sampling value y (n) to be output, and then executing step 31;
step 31 is performed: it is determined whether N is divisible by N,
if not, sequentially executing the steps 30, 40 and 50;
if yes, add 1 to the unit address of each transducer unit 10, and change the value of the transducer unit 10 with the largest unit address, and set 0 to the unit address, and at the same time, change the value of the transducer unit 10 with the unit address of y (n-1) +1; the steps 40 and 50 are then performed.
The control method provided by the embodiment realizes the periodic change of the unit address by setting the positive integer N, effectively solves the problem of uneven switching times of the physical states of different transducer units 10, avoids the condition that individual transducer units 10 are easy to damage due to excessive use, and prolongs the service life of the transducer unit array 20.
The foregoing description is only illustrative of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, and all equivalent structures or equivalent processes or direct or indirect application in other related technical fields are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. Digital underwater sound transducer unit, its characterized in that: comprises an outer wall (1), two piston radiation surfaces (2), two permanent magnets (3) and an electromagnet (4) formed by an iron core (41) and a coil (42); the two end faces of the outer wall (1) are respectively provided with a sealing film (5), each piston radiation surface (2) is fixed on the inner side face of each sealing film (5) and is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence manner, the piston radiation surfaces (2) are fixed on the outer wall (1) through elastic pieces (6), and the two piston radiation surfaces (2) are connected and fixed through a connecting rod (7); the permanent magnets (3) are fixed on the inner side surface of the piston radiation surface (2) and are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the surfaces of the permanent magnets (3) contacted with the piston radiation surface (2) have the same polarity; the middle of the iron core (41) is provided with a through hole (411), the connecting rod (7) penetrates through the through hole (411), the coil (42) is wound on the outer side surface of the iron core (41), and wires at two ends of the coil (42) penetrate out of the outer wall (1) to form an input interface of the transducer unit (10); the electromagnet (4) is fixed on the outer wall (1) through a fixed connecting piece (8), the end face of the iron core (41) corresponds to the position of the permanent magnet (3), and the distance between the two end faces of the iron core (41) and the permanent magnets (3) at the two sides is kept consistent in the balance position; the interior of the transducer unit (10) is filled with an oily liquid.
2. The digital underwater acoustic transducer unit of claim 1, wherein: the elastic piece (6) is a plate spring.
3. The digital underwater acoustic transducer unit of claim 1, wherein: both end faces of the iron core (41) are provided with soft cushions (9).
4. The digital underwater acoustic transducer unit of claim 1, wherein: the outer wall (1) is of a cylindrical structure, the piston radiation surface (2) is arranged at the center of the inner side surface of the sealing film (5), and the connecting rod (7) is connected with and fixes the center of the piston radiation surface (2).
5. The digital underwater acoustic transducer unit of claim 1, wherein: the permanent magnet (3) is of an integral annular structure or a discrete block structure.
6. The digital underwater acoustic transducer unit of claim 1, wherein: the connecting pieces (8) are circumferentially distributed between the outer wall (1) and the electromagnet (4).
7. The digital low-frequency broadband underwater acoustic transducer unit array is characterized in that: the transducer cell array (20) is composed of a plurality of transducer cells (10) as claimed in claim 1 horizontally arranged.
8. The array of digital low frequency broadband underwater acoustic transducer elements of claim 7, wherein: further comprising an additional baffle (21) or a sound absorbing layer (22) of sound absorbing material; the additional baffle (21) is provided with a through hole, and the transducer unit array (20) is embedded in the through hole; the sound absorption layer is attached to the upper bottom surface or the lower bottom surface of the transducer unit array.
9. The digital low-frequency broadband underwater acoustic transducer device is characterized in that: comprising an array of transducer elements (20), a cavity (23) and a balloon (24), the array of transducer elements (20) consisting of the transducer elements (10) of claim 1; the cavity (23) is provided with a hole, the transducer unit array (20) is arranged at the hole and combined with the hole in a sealing way, and a water permeable hole (26) is also arranged on the wall of the cavity (23); the opening of the air bag (24) is tightly combined with the back side of the transducer unit array (20) to form a closed air cavity, the air bag (24) is arranged in the cavity (23), and the air bag (24) is also provided with an air charging hole (27).
10. A digital low-frequency broadband underwater acoustic transducer control method is characterized in that: the method of converting a sampled value y (n) to be output into a physical acoustic signal by an array of transducer elements (20) according to claim 7, n being the number of sampling cycles, the method comprising the steps of:
step 10, initializing: y (0) =0, let the physical state of the transducer unit (10) be 0, i.e. at a static position representing 0; assigning different unit addresses to all the transducer units (10), wherein the unit addresses range from 0 to X-1, and X=the total number of the transducer units (10);
step 20, acquiring a sampling value y (n) to be output;
step 30, comparing y (n) with y (n-1):
if the sampling value y (n) of the nth period is greater than the sampling value y (n-1) of the n-1 th period, the transducer unit (10) with the unit address of y (n-1) +1 to y (n) is subjected to value change, and then the step 40 is executed;
if y (n) =y (n-1), the value of each transducer unit (10) is kept unchanged, and then step 40 is performed;
if y (n) < y (n-1), changing the values of the transducer units with the unit addresses of y (n) +1 to y (n-1), and then executing step 40;
step 40, comprehensively judging the number of value change times of each transducer unit (10), and if the value change of any one transducer unit (10) in the transducer unit array (20) is executed twice, correspondingly, keeping the physical state of the transducer unit (10) unchanged; if the value change of any one transducer unit (10) is only carried out once, switching the physical state of the transducer unit (10) with the value changed once; if no value change is executed on any transducer unit (10), the physical state of the transducer unit (10) is kept unchanged;
after the physical states of the transducer units (10) are correspondingly processed, executing a step 50;
step 50, let n=n+1, return to the step 20 to restart execution.
11. The method according to claim 10, wherein the unit address is periodically changed by setting a positive integer N in the step 10, comprising the steps of:
the step 10 specifically comprises the following steps: initializing: y (0) =0, the physical state of the transducer units (10) is set to be 0, different unit addresses are assigned to all the transducer units (10), the range of the unit addresses is 0-X-1, and the total number of the transducer units (10) is x=x; setting a positive integer N, wherein the value of N is set according to the sampling rate and/or the working time of the transducer unit array (20);
the step 20 is performed: acquiring a sampling value y (n) to be output, and then executing step 31;
step 31 is performed: it is determined whether N is divisible by N,
if not, sequentially executing the steps 30, 40 and 50;
if yes, adding 1 to the unit address of each transducer unit (10), changing the value of the transducer unit (10) with the largest unit address, setting 0 to the unit address, and simultaneously changing the value of the transducer unit (10) with the unit address of y (n-1) +1; the steps 40 and 50 are then performed.
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| CN108831429B (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2023-05-23 | 青岛理工大学 | Digital flow control underwater acoustic emission transducer and acoustic emission method thereof |
| CN110896517B (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2021-06-15 | 瑞声科技(新加坡)有限公司 | Screen sound production exciter and electronic equipment |
| CN113909083B (en) * | 2021-09-07 | 2022-07-05 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Piezoelectric-electromagnetic hybrid drive type dipole acoustic wave transducer |
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