CN101868042A - Distribution type hydroacoustic network address configuring method - Google Patents

Distribution type hydroacoustic network address configuring method Download PDF

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CN101868042A
CN101868042A CN 201010185139 CN201010185139A CN101868042A CN 101868042 A CN101868042 A CN 101868042A CN 201010185139 CN201010185139 CN 201010185139 CN 201010185139 A CN201010185139 A CN 201010185139A CN 101868042 A CN101868042 A CN 101868042A
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address
frequency
submanifold
distribution type
network
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CN101868042B (en
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袁飞
程恩
许克平
庄子明
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Xiamen University
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Abstract

The invention provides a distribution type hydroacoustic network address configuring method which relates to hydroacoustic communication and a hydroacoustic communication network. Three layers of organizing addresses (respectively defined as a main variety address, a subvariety address and an expanding address) are formed by an orthogonal time frequency signal, signals of different time frequency relationships and address frame information, and then the address configuration of each node of the distribution type hydroacoustic network is realized. The main variety address, the subvariety address and the expanding address realize the address configuration of each node of the distribution type hydroacoustic network, and can also be used as a node synchronism method to realize node-to-node communication under the conditions of strong multipath interference and strong background noise. The invention realizes the seamless transition from hydroacoustic node-to-node communication to distribution type communication, is relatively suitable for the requirements of the network development of the current hydroacoustic communication, and has better application prospect and protection value.

Description

The collocation method of distribution type hydroacoustic network address
Technical field
The present invention relates to underwater sound communication and underwater sound communication network, especially relate to a kind of collocation method of distribution type hydroacoustic network address.
Background technology
Needs along with expanding economy and national defense construction, the application of carrying out message transmission and commands for controlling between the water surface (or the under water) equipment is increasing, all needs to carry out between the underwater installation message transmission and instruction interaction as oceanographic data collection, environmental monitoring, sea floor exploration, natural calamity early warning, distributed tactics supervision etc.At present, above-mentioned application is the cable mode mostly.There is the installation and maintenance of the range limited system of existence such as goal activities, communication cableway of cable mode costly, influences shortcoming such as other ocean activity, can't satisfy the application demand of the subsurface communication of diversification day by day.Therefore, from there being the cable mode to become the inexorable trend of subsurface communication to the evolution of no cable mode.
Current electromagnetic communication positive, the most active, the most with fastest developing speed because himself physical characteristic, and is not suitable for not having the application demand of cableless communication under water.Adopting sound wave to transmit carrier as information is the main mode of not having cableless communication at present under water.Yet underwater acoustic channel is very complicated " time, sky, a frequently " channel.Characteristics such as ambient noise height, narrow bandwidth, carrier frequency applicatory is few, propagation delay time is big make underwater sound communication become one of challenging research topic of tool in the modern communication technology.In the distribution type hydroacoustic network, communication equipment need carry out information exchange with adjacent node.For each node distributes a unique address is the prerequisite that guarantees the distributed network normal operation.At present, in distributed network, the address of communication node is adopted " software address " collocation method usually, and promptly the address is to distinguish by the information content of address frame.The configuration mode of " software address " requires communication equipment must obtain the information content of address frame earlier by synchronous, demodulation etc., could judge then whether the data message of address frame conforms to the prior addresses distributed information content of this machine.In, the energy-conservation demanding underwater sound communication long in error rate height, time delay, there is following major defect in " software address " collocation method:
1) " software address " collocation method must demodulate the information of address frame earlier, could judge whether this machine will participate in communication.For the node of non-call object, a large amount of node energies will frequently consume on the demodulates information that is irrelevant address frame, directly influence the energy utilization efficiency of distributed network.
2) " software address " collocation method is when number of nodes increases, and normal employing increases the method for address frame length.The increase of address frame length means that then transmitting node need consume more channel resource with the required data of transport address frame.
3) " software address " collocation method must lack effective processing mode according to the information coding of address frame in configurations such as network configuration, node subordinate relation, difficult address sort and the configuration that realizes multipolarity.
At above-mentioned defective, the present invention proposes a kind of collocation method of distribution type hydroacoustic network address.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is provides a kind of efficient higher, easy expansion at tradition " software address " method, can also realize the collocation method of the synchronous distribution type hydroacoustic network address of point-to-point communication when realizing address configuration.
The present invention includes following steps:
1) determines address configuration layer time relation, to the address marshalling configuration of distribution type hydroacoustic network node;
2), determine required master's bunch address number, submanifold address number and the extended address number of distributed network application according to the structure and the application demand of distributed network;
3) in employed underwater sound communication frequency range, select N mIndividual different frequency constitutes N mDuring individual quadrature-and the frequency signal, represent N respectively mIndividual master bunch address, relationship between expression is shown below:
{AddM 1，AddM 2，……，AddM Nm}＝{TF 1，TF 2，……，TF Nm}；
4) in employed underwater sound communication frequency range, structure N sThe signal of individual different time-frequency relations is represented N respectively sIndividual submanifold address, relationship between expression is shown below:
{AddS 1，AddS 2，……，AddS Nm}＝{FM 1，FM 2，……，FM Ns}；
5) in employed underwater sound communication data, number of bits is set expresses extended address, required number of bits N bWith the extended address number N that expresses tMeet following relation:
N b＝log 2?(N t)；
6) three class addresses of step 3), step 4), step 5) are pressed the combination of order shown in the table 1, frame structure as the distributed water sound communication, according to the address configuration of this structure realization to the distribution type hydroacoustic network, wherein " data message " expression is transferred to the information content of being united that unique communication node of definite address by " main bunch address ", " submanifold address " and " extended address " three.
Table 1
Main bunch address The submanifold address Extended address Data message
In step 1), described address configuration hierarchical relationship can be three layer models, is defined as " main bunch address ", " submanifold address " and " extended address ", and wherein " main bunch address " can comprise at least 1 " submanifold address "; Comprise in " submanifold address " at least 1 " extended address ".
In step 2) in, the required master's bunch address number of described distributed network is N m, submanifold address number is N s, the extended address number is N t
In step 3), described N mIndividual different frequency is designated as F 1, F 2..., F Nm, described N mDuring individual quadrature-the frequency signal is designated as TF 1, TF 2..., TF Nm, described N mAn individual master bunch address is designated as AddM 1, AddM 2..., AddM NmDuring described quadrature-frequency signal TF 1, TF 2..., TF NmThe principle that makes up is: guarantee frequency F 1, F 2..., F NmIn each symbol time (being designated as T) of correspondence, will not occur simultaneously; When becoming the quadrature of one-to-one relationship with main bunch-frequency signal, be unique definite and never repetition in the frequency that each symbol time occurred, though the frequency of certain symbol time lose, also can be during-the frequency signal distinguishes mutually with other by the time-frequency orthogonality relation; Described N mBe even number, can obtain best time-frequency orthogonality.
In step 4), described N sThe signal of individual different time-frequency relations is designated as FM 1, FM 2..., FM Ns, described N sIndividual submanifold address is designated as AddS 1, AddS 2..., AddS NmDescribed N sThe signal FM of individual different time-frequency relations 1, FM 2..., FM NsThe structure principle be: different submanifolds are in symbol time (being designated as T), and frequency has different functional relations over time.
The present invention has following outstanding advantage:
1) address configuration method of underwater acoustic network also can be used as the method for synchronous of underwater acoustic network node communication simultaneously;
2) effectively resist underwater sound multipath channel, have stronger anti-frequency selective fading, anti-multipath characteristics of interference;
3) be convenient to realize that the network address of classification, layering, sub-clustering disposes, configuration mode is flexible, efficient energy-saving.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a node address layered configuration structure chart.
Fig. 2 is the building method of quadrature time frequency signal.
Fig. 3 is the linear relationship schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is the non-linear relation schematic diagram.
Fig. 5 is the node address configuration flow.
Fig. 6 is the detection method of main bunch address.
Fig. 7 is the detection method of submanifold address.
Fig. 8 is a device overall structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 9 makes up instance graph for the address.
Figure 10 is the networking schematic diagram of embodiment.
Embodiment
Following examples will the present invention is further illustrated.
The present invention includes following steps:
1) determines address configuration layer time relation, to the address marshalling configuration of distribution type hydroacoustic network node; Described address configuration hierarchical relationship can be three layer models, is defined as " main bunch address ", " submanifold address " and " extended address ", and wherein " main bunch address " can comprise at least 1 " submanifold address "; Comprise in " submanifold address " at least 1 " extended address ", corresponding address configuration hierarchical relationship as shown in Figure 1.
2), determine required master's bunch address number, submanifold address number and the extended address number of distributed network application according to the structure and the application demand of distributed network; The required master's bunch address number of described distributed network is N m, submanifold address number is N s, the extended address number is N t
3) in employed underwater sound communication frequency range, select N mIndividual different frequency constitutes N mDuring individual quadrature-and the frequency signal, represent N respectively mIndividual master bunch address, relationship between expression is shown below:
{AddM 1，AddM 2，……，AddM Nm}＝{TF 1，TF 2，……，TF Nm}；
Described N mIndividual different frequency is designated as F 1, F 2..., F Nm, described N mDuring individual quadrature-the frequency signal is designated as TF 1, TF 2..., TF Nm, described N mAn individual master bunch address is designated as AddM 1, AddM 2..., AddM NmDuring described quadrature-frequency signal TF 1, TF 2..., TF NmThe principle that makes up is: guarantee frequency F 1, F 2..., F NmIn each symbol time (being designated as T) of correspondence, will not occur simultaneously; When becoming the quadrature of one-to-one relationship with main bunch-frequency signal, be unique definite and never repetition in the frequency that each symbol time occurred, though the frequency of certain symbol time lose, also can be during-the frequency signal distinguishes mutually with other by the time-frequency orthogonality relation; Described N mBe even number, can obtain best time-frequency orthogonality.The quadrature time frequency signal building method of recommending as shown in Figure 2, transverse axis indication code elementary time wherein, the longitudinal axis is represented corresponding quadrature time frequency signal.In the T of each symbol time nT～(n+1) (n=1 wherein, 2 ..., N m-1), different orthogonal time frequency signal (TF 1, TF 2..., TF Nm) current frequency also all inequality.
4) in employed underwater sound communication frequency range, structure N sThe signal of individual different time-frequency relations is represented N respectively sIndividual submanifold address, relationship between expression is shown below:
{AddS 1，AddS 2，……，AddS Nm}＝{FM 1，FM 2，……，FM Ns}；
Described N sThe signal of individual different time-frequency relations is designated as FM 1, FM 2..., FM Ns, described N sIndividual submanifold address is designated as AddS 1, AddS 2..., AddS NmDescribed N sThe signal FM of individual different time-frequency relations 1, FM 2..., FM NsThe structure principle be: different submanifolds are in symbol time (being designated as T), and frequency has different functional relations over time, and the present invention need guarantee that the time dependent signal of frequency has the time-frequency characteristic of " a little less than the cross correlation, autocorrelation is strong ".Recommend to use the address of the linear FM signal of Different Slope as different submanifolds in the distribution type hydroacoustic network, the signal of linear time-frequency relation is as Fig. 3; When the submanifold address was more, expansion used the time frequency signal of different nonlinear functions as the submanifold address, and the signal of non-linear time-frequency relation is as Fig. 4.
In Fig. 3, frequency is linear change in time, and establishing T is code-element period, B cBe bandwidth, B c=| F i-F o|, F iThe end frequency of expression frequency sweep (as i=a among Fig. 4, b, c, d can expand according to submanifold quantity), F oThe expression frequency sweep begins frequency.The signal of different linear relationships has different (B c/ T) be worth.By selecting suitable frequency sweep slope value (scope and tan θ equivalence, θ ∈ [0 ° 360 °]), can be in order to represent different submanifold addresses.In Fig. 4, frequency is nonlinear change in time, and establishing T is pulse width period, F eThe end frequency of expression frequency sweep, F eThe expression frequency sweep begins frequency.Corresponding configuration mode can have multiple choices.For being without loss of generality, establishing nonlinear function is F (x i), wherein i represents to distribute to the numbering of corresponding submanifold, i=1, and 2,3 ..., N sFunction F (x i) a then corresponding class crosses initial point (O, F s) and (T, F e) collection of functions.Distribute different F (x i) realize configuration for different submanifold addresses.
5) in employed underwater sound communication data, number of bits is set expresses extended address, required number of bits N bWith the extended address number N that expresses tMeet following relation:
N b＝log 2?(N t)；
6) three class addresses of step 3), step 4), step 5) are made up by following order, frame structure as the distributed water sound communication, according to the address configuration of this structure realization to the distribution type hydroacoustic network, wherein " data message " expression is transferred to the information content of being united that unique communication node of definite address by " main bunch address ", " submanifold address " and " extended address " three:
Main bunch address The submanifold address Extended address Data message
Describedly realize as shown in Figure 5 the handling process of the address configuration of distribution type hydroacoustic network according to this structure.
The detection method of main bunch address is to adopt Fig. 6 structure.The centre frequency of narrow band filter is aimed at F respectively among Fig. 6 1, F 2..., F Nm, by configuration F 1, F 2..., F NmAfter the time delay size, " time-frequently " that coupling is allocated in advance to this master bunch concerns (matching relationship of time delay and frequency such as Fig. 2).Have only when satisfying default quadrature-frequency concern, just can export enabling signal, begins follow-up address resolution; Otherwise, directly close and withdraw from.
The detection method whether the submanifold address meets is: utilize the enabling signal of output, trigger local node, synthetic predetermined in advance FM signal asks relevant with received signal.If the submanifold address is then exported relevant peaks and is higher than default thresholding, set up synchronously and startup " software address " demodulation; Otherwise, directly close and withdraw from.Corresponding detection method as shown in Figure 7.In Fig. 7, " enabling signal " is the output of connection layout 6, the information after " received signal " expression is transmitted through underwater acoustic channel, and " local signal " expression is configured in local submanifold address signal." decision threshold " is meant the thresholding that is provided with according to actual application environment.Its setting principle is: guarantee when " received signal " mates with " local signal " (this machine " submanifold address " just), through " decision threshold " exportable high level; And if do not match, then can not produce " false-alarm " signal through " decision threshold ".Symbol
Figure GSA00000119100800051
The expression convolution algorithm.
The detection method whether extended address meets is: the demodulation of the affirmation signal enabling address date of output, obtain address date information.With address date and default this machine " software address " contrast:, then determine it is this machine and log-on data demodulation function if the information content of " software address " conforms to; Otherwise, directly close and withdraw from.
Address configuration means structure towards the distribution type hydroacoustic network of the present invention is as shown in Figure 8: in Fig. 8, " transducer " realizes the mutual conversion of the acoustical signal and the signal of telecommunication." prime amplification chip ", " bandpass filtering chip ", " adaptive gain control chip " have been formed " prime processing unit "." modulus conversion chip ", " microcontroller ", " field programmable gate array ", " memory " etc. are formed " control and calculation unit ".Compositions " servicing unit unit " such as " other communication interfaces " is realized auxiliary the support.
The function declaration of each device feature is as follows:
1) transducer: be characterized as the piezoelectric ceramic structure, be responsible for the power conversion between the acoustical signal and the signal of telecommunication.Underwater acoustic transducer can be selected adaptive product type according to concrete application, to the inventive method and the not special influence of contrive equipment.The transducer bandwidth that apparatus of the present invention are recommended preferably can reach more than the 5kHz.
2) prime processing unit: the prime processing unit is responsible for realizing amplification, filtering and the conditioning of faint underwater sound signal.Comprise: " prime amplification chip ", " bandpass filtering chip ", " adaptive gain control chip ".After the signal of underwater acoustic transducer enters the prime processing unit, will amplify weak signal, the out-of-band noise signal of filtering, and by " adaptive gain control chip " stabilization signal amplitude so that follow-up detection handle.
3) control and calculation unit: form by " modulus conversion chip ", " microcontroller ", " field programmable gate array ", " memory ".It is the core component of realizing that " main bunch address ", " submanifold address ", " extended address " detect, analyze and dispose.Analog to digital converter (ADC) is to the signal real-time sampling after handling through the signal prime, with the metadata cache that obtains in memory; Microcontroller and field programmable gate array are realized the function of address configuration based on address configuration method of the present invention.Wherein, microcontroller stresses in sequencing control; Field programmable gate array then stresses the algorithm computing.
4) the servicing unit unit comprises annexes such as downloading line, power supply, communication interface.
Embodiment:
Be provided with 256 underwater acoustic communication sets and need set up the Control on Communication network of multinode.Then according to this network-building method, can 4 frequencies the time-the frequency coding makes up main bunch address; Use the almost frequency modulation sign indicating number of 4 kinds of slopes or function to make up the submanifold address; Use the address frame coding of 4 bits to make up extended address.According to the inventive method, can adopting as shown in Figure 9, method makes up structure.
1) leads the structure of bunch address
By the description of summary of the invention as can be known, 4 frequencies the time-the frequency coding can realize maximum 4 groups orthogonal codes.Represent the master bunch of a class respectively with every group of orthogonal code, then can correspondence be expressed as follows: (wherein use A, B, C, D represent four class masters bunch respectively)
Main bunch A → " F 1, F 2, F 3, F 4";
Main bunch B → " F 2, F 1, F 4, F 3";
Main bunch C → " F 3, F 4, F 1, F 2";
Main bunch D → " F 4, F 3, F 2, F 1";
2) structure of submanifold address
(1) linear FM signal
Utilize the linear FM signal of four groups of slopes to make up the submanifold address.The submanifold of representing a class respectively with different slopes.Corresponding relation as shown in Figure 3, respective function is expressed as follows: (wherein a, b, c, d represent four class submanifolds respectively)
Submanifold address a → F=(F d-F o)/T;
Submanifold address b → F=(F c-F o)/T;
Submanifold address c → F=(F b-F o)/T;
Submanifold address d → F=(F a-F o)/T;
(2) nonlinear frequency modulation signal
Utilize the nonlinear frequency modulation signal of four groups of functions to make up the submanifold address.As shown in Figure 4, use the submanifold of different function representations one class respectively.Corresponding expression is as follows: (wherein a, b, c, d represent four class submanifolds respectively)
Submanifold a → F ( x 1 ) = ( F e - F s ) T 2 × x 1 2 + F s ;
Submanifold b → F ( x 2 ) = ( F e - F s ) T 1 / 2 × x 1 1 / 2 + F s ;
Submanifold c → F ( x 3 ) = ( F e - F s ) T 4 × x 3 4 + F s ;
Submanifold d → F ( x 4 ) = ( F e - F s ) T 1 / 4 × x 4 1 / 4 + F s ;
3) structure of extended address
As this example, the address frame of 4 bits is encoded to 2 4=16 nodes.Add the copy address frame of 4 bits, need the data of 8 bits altogether.As " 1# "=" 0001 "; " 2# "=" 0010 "; " 3# "=" 0011 "; , by that analogy.If need the expanding node number, then, expand getting final product as long as according to the relation between node number and the Bit data.
4) networking of present embodiment signal (referring to Figure 10)
As seen from the above description, in the present embodiment 256 underwater acoustic communication sets are divided into 4 masters bunch; 16 submanifolds (4 submanifolds of each main bunch correspondence, i.e. 4*4=16 submanifold); Corresponding again 16 nodes in each submanifold.

Claims (5)

1. the collocation method of distribution type hydroacoustic network address is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
1) determines address configuration layer time relation, to the address marshalling configuration of distribution type hydroacoustic network node;
2), determine required master's bunch address number, submanifold address number and the extended address number of distributed network application according to the structure and the application demand of distributed network;
3) in employed underwater sound communication frequency range, select N mIndividual different frequency constitutes N mDuring individual quadrature-and the frequency signal, represent N respectively mIndividual master bunch address, relationship between expression is shown below:
{AddM 1，AddM 2，……，AddM Nm}＝{TF 1，TF 2，……，TF Nm}；
4) in employed underwater sound communication frequency range, structure N sThe signal of individual different time-frequency relations is represented N respectively sIndividual submanifold address, relationship between expression is shown below:
{AddS 1，AddS 2，……，AddS Nm}＝{FM 1，FM 2，……，FM Ns}；
5) in employed underwater sound communication data, number of bits is set expresses extended address, required number of bits N bWith the extended address number N that expresses tMeet following relation:
N b＝log 2(N t)；
6) order shown in the three class address accordings to the form below of step 3), step 4), step 5) is made up:
Main bunch address The submanifold address Extended address Data message
Frame structure as the distributed water sound communication, according to the address configuration of this structure realization to the distribution type hydroacoustic network, wherein " data message " expression is transferred to the information content of being united that unique communication node of definite address by " main bunch address ", " submanifold address " and " extended address " three.
2. the collocation method of distribution type hydroacoustic network address as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that in step 1), described address configuration hierarchical relationship is three layer models, be defined as " main bunch address ", " submanifold address " and " extended address ", wherein " main bunch address " comprises at least 1 " submanifold address "; Comprise in " submanifold address " at least 1 " extended address ".
3. the collocation method of distribution type hydroacoustic network address as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that in step 2) in, the required master's bunch address number of described distributed network is N m, submanifold address number is N s, the extended address number is N t
4. the collocation method of distribution type hydroacoustic network address as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that in step 3), described N mIndividual different frequency is designated as F 1, F 2..., F Nm, described N mDuring individual quadrature-the frequency signal is designated as TF 1, TF 2..., TF Nm, described N mAn individual master bunch address is designated as AddM 1, AddM 2..., AddM NmDuring described quadrature-frequency signal TF 1, TF 2..., TF NmThe principle that makes up is: guarantee frequency F 1, F 2..., F NmIn each symbol time T of correspondence, will not occur simultaneously; When becoming the quadrature of one-to-one relationship with main bunch-frequency signal, be unique definite and never repetition in the frequency that each symbol time occurred, though the frequency of certain symbol time lose, or by the time-frequency orthogonality relation during-the frequency signal distinguishes mutually with other; Described N mBe even number.
5. the collocation method of distribution type hydroacoustic network address as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that in step 4), described N sThe signal FM of individual different time-frequency relations 1, FM 2..., FM NsThe structure principle be: different submanifolds are in symbol time T, and frequency has different functional relations over time.
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CN107659870A (en) * 2017-11-22 2018-02-02 青岛理工大学 digital underwater acoustic transducer unit, array, device and control method

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CN101325556A (en) * 2008-06-23 2008-12-17 南京大学 Multi-path routing method for wireless network based on network encoding
CN101695056A (en) * 2009-10-09 2010-04-14 魏昕 Routing method based on inter-session network coding in underwater sound communication network

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