CN107646335A - A kind of efficient implantation methods of corydalis tuber - Google Patents
A kind of efficient implantation methods of corydalis tuber Download PDFInfo
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- CN107646335A CN107646335A CN201711005551.7A CN201711005551A CN107646335A CN 107646335 A CN107646335 A CN 107646335A CN 201711005551 A CN201711005551 A CN 201711005551A CN 107646335 A CN107646335 A CN 107646335A
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- 241000218176 Corydalis Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000002513 implantation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
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- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000005784 Fluoxastrobin Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- UFEODZBUAFNAEU-NLRVBDNBSA-N fluoxastrobin Chemical compound C=1C=CC=C(OC=2C(=C(OC=3C(=CC=CC=3)Cl)N=CN=2)F)C=1C(=N/OC)\C1=NOCCO1 UFEODZBUAFNAEU-NLRVBDNBSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 9
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- 241001474374 Blennius Species 0.000 claims description 3
- TWFZGCMQGLPBSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbendazim Natural products C1=CC=C2NC(NC(=O)OC)=NC2=C1 TWFZGCMQGLPBSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- JNPZQRQPIHJYNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbendazim Chemical compound C1=C[CH]C2=NC(NC(=O)OC)=NC2=C1 JNPZQRQPIHJYNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- 239000003864 humus Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019796 monopotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000618 nitrogen fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001542 oligosaccharide Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;potassium Chemical compound [K].OP(O)(O)=O PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012286 potassium permanganate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
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- 230000005082 stem growth Effects 0.000 abstract 1
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- 244000170916 Paeonia officinalis Species 0.000 description 1
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- 241001558929 Sclerotium <basidiomycota> Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 1
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- 229940097068 glyphosate Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- FFSJPOPLSWBGQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N triazol-4-one Chemical compound O=C1C=NN=N1 FFSJPOPLSWBGQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of efficient implantation methods of corydalis tuber, corydalis tuber growth is very fast, and growth cycle is shorter, and from sowing to harvesting only 210 days or so, subterranean stem growth phase at least needs 100-120 days before high yield is seeded into emergence.It is followed by tuber initiation stage.Compared with prior art, plantation corydalis tuber is carried out using the present invention, makes that the growth of corydalis tuber is fast, emergence is early, neat, emerged and extend 7 10 days to harvest time, growth period extends, and improves the yield and quality of corydalis tuber, has the value promoted the use of.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to planting technical field, more particularly to a kind of efficient implantation methods of corydalis tuber.
Background technology
Corydalis tuber also known as corydalis tuber, profound Hu, it is Papaveraceae Corydalis herbaceos perennial, with the bighead atractylodes rhizome, Chinese herbaceous peony, fritillaria etc. simultaneously
Claim " eight Zhe's ", be large conventional Chinese medicine.Corydalis tuber history is loaded in《Kaibao Bencao》, warm-natured, acrid flavour is bitter, enters the heart, spleen, liver, lung, is living
Blood stagnation resolvation, the quality goods of promoting qi circulation and relieving pain, especially to relieve pain the effect of and be world-famous for.In the prior art, the planting technology shortcoming of corydalis tuber,
Growth is slower, and growth cycle is short, yields poorly, and accordingly, there exist room for improvement.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is that to solve the above problems and provides a kind of corydalis tuber efficient implantation methods.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions above-mentioned purpose：
The present invention comprises the following steps：
(1) selection of land：Selection soil layer it is deep, pour water, draining it is good, topsoil it is loose and rich in humus sand loam,
P in soil H values are with weakly acidic pH -- and subacidity is advisable；
(2) plant after corydalis tuber selectes field, first have to cultivate intensely, three plough three rakes, and table soil is organized into and Song Youxi
Loam；
(3) sow：
A, the sowing time:High yield date of seeding, Optimal sowing date was 20-30 days in October in late September to late October；It is seeded into
Emergence, which lasts more than 120 days, can obtain high yield；
B, choose seeds:Select median size kind block uniform, oblate, color Huang is without scar, the sub- corydalis tuber newborn then of no insect population
Plant；
C, seed disinfection:Seed 5 milliliters of 402 disinfectant or 5 ‰ potassium permanganate, appropriate amount of water is added to carry out seed disinfection,
40 kilograms of seed can be soaked, soak time 20 minutes, picks up and is planted after drying；Or spraying, naturally dry are watered using carbendazim
After plant；
D, type of seeding:Zanjon high ridge planting method is taken, first does railway carriage or compartment in whole good plot drawstring, the wide 1.1-1.3 rice in railway carriage or compartment is
Preferably, more than 20 centimetres of ditch depth；Row × 8 centimetre of specification 5 are planted, every mu of 5.8-6 ten thousand caves of plantation, mu sowing quantity is on a 65-75 kilograms of left side
It is right；Later stage does not pour water furrow face；Later stage draining is convenient；
E, seed manure:After water furrow planting, 160 kgs/acre of ditch spread granular organic fertilizer；
F, blinding:Rational blinding depth is after planting kept, is advisable with 6-7 centimetres.
G, disease control：Corydalis tuber mainly prevents and treats downy mildew.
Prevention and controls:1. carry out crop rotation；2. after corydalis tuber harvest, invalid tissue is removed, reduces bacterium source of surviving the winter；It is 3. reasonable
Dense planting, improvement field is ventilative, light transmission condition；4. carry out seed disinfection before sowing；5. enhance field management, rainy season in spring,
Timely ditch cleaning draining is wanted, mitigates wet injury；6. chemical control, after full stand (mid-February), with 32.5% benzene first Fluoxastrobin suspending agent
(30 grams/acre)+seaweed organic fertilizer (30 grams/acre) is watered spraying, is spaced 7-10 days, with 32.5% benzene first Fluoxastrobin suspending agent
(60 grams/acre)+5% amino-oligosaccharide (60 milliliter/mu) is watered 1000 times of sprayings, then is spaced 7-10 days, with 32.5% benzene first
Fluoxastrobin suspending agent (40 grams/acre)+potassium dihydrogen phosphate (100 grams/acre) is watered spraying preventing and treating.
Require to apply 3000 kilograms of well-rotted farmyard manure or day sharp 300 kilograms of organic fertilizer in mu before the sowing of the step (3)
On the basis of, top application base fertilizer (depth is no more than 10 centimetres) 10 kilograms of potassium sulfate, NPK (15:15:15) 60-70 kilograms；
On fertilizing method, base fertilizer, seed manure, top dressing are applied by several times in proportion, and the 60% of nitrogenous fertilizer makees base fertilizer, and 30% does seed manure, and 10% chases after
Fertilizer；It is important to note that fertilizer can not directly contact seedling stem during fertilising.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are：
The present invention is a kind of efficient implantation methods of corydalis tuber, compared with prior art, carries out plantation corydalis tuber using the present invention, makes
The growth of corydalis tuber is fast, emergence is early, neat, emerges and extends 7-10 days to harvest time, and growth period extends, and improves the yield and product of corydalis tuber
Matter, there is the value promoted the use of.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below：
Corydalis tuber root system is shallower, and integrated distribution is in topsoil 5-20cm, it is desirable to which the topsoil soil texture is loose, in favor of root
System and the growth of stem tuber.Stem tuber typically has 1-2 buds, more persons 3-4, few person 1.18-21 DEG C of ground temperature is that rudiment is most suitable
Temperature.
Corydalis tuber growth is very fast, and growth cycle is shorter, and from sowing to harvesting only 210 days or so, high yield is seeded into ground before emergence
The lower Stem nematode stage will at least need 100-120 days.It is followed by tuber initiation stage.Base fertilizer thus is used sufficient, promptly top dressing, is being grown
Phase ensures the ample supply of water, fertilizer, for having increased production conclusive effect.
According to the Biological characteristics and life habit of corydalis tuber, requirement of the corydalis tuber to environmental condition is classified as three words：I.e. " three
Happiness " (happiness sunlight, warm, the hygrophilous profit of happiness), " three are afraid of " (fearness ponding, is afraid of arid, is afraid of continuous cropping), and five do not plant：1. tough yellow mud
Soil, alkaline soil can not plant, and 2. low-lying unrestrained paddy field is not planted 3. continuous cropping field and do not planted 4. without irrigating and 5. the field of drainage condition should not plant
Seedling stem is not sterilized and not planted.
(1) selection of land
Selection soil layer it is deep, pour water, draining it is good, topsoil it is loose and rich in humus sand loam, P in soil H values
With weakly acidic pH -- subacidity is advisable.Clay soil, cross sandy ground, low-lying easily water inlet ground, poor and barren land, easily by fowl, poultry, beast, torture, four
There is the easy chaor of mother field for seedling to plant in week.
(2) site preparation
Plant after corydalis tuber selectes field, first have to cultivate intensely, three plough three rakes, are organized into and Song Youxi earth table soil
Soil.Corydalis tuber root is shallow manurial-philous, and the season of growth is short, and it is crucial to use sufficient base fertilizer, requires to apply well-rotted farmyard manure 3000 in mu as sowing is previous
Kilogram or day sharp 300 kilograms of organic fertilizer on the basis of, top application base fertilizer (depth be no more than 10 centimetres) 10 kilograms of potassium sulfate, ternary is multiple
Hefei (15:15:15) 60-70 kilograms.On fertilizing method, base fertilizer, seed manure, top dressing are applied by several times in proportion, and the 60% of nitrogenous fertilizer does
Base fertilizer, 30% does seed manure, and 10% does top dressing.It is important to note that fertilizer can not directly contact seedling stem during fertilising.
(3) seeding technique
1st, the sowing time:High yield date of seeding, is in the Autumnal Equinox to (late September to late October), Optimal sowing date 10 between Cold Dew
The 20-30 days moon.High yield can be obtained by being seeded into emergence and lasting more than 120 days.
2nd, choose seeds:Select median size kind block uniform, oblate, color Huang is without scar, the sub- corydalis tuber newborn then of no insect population
Plant.
3rd, seed disinfection:Seed 402 disinfectant 1 (5 milliliters) or 5 ‰ potassium permanganate, appropriate amount of water is added to carry out seed
Sterilization, can soak 40 kilograms of seed, soak time 20 minutes, pick up and planted after drying.Or spraying is watered using carbendazim, it is natural
Planted after drying.
4th, type of seeding:Zanjon high ridge planting method is taken, is first railway carriage or compartment (furrow), the wide 1.1-1.3 in railway carriage or compartment in whole good plot drawstring
Meter Wei Yi, more than 20 centimetres of ditch depth.Row × 8 centimetre of specification 5 are planted, every mu of 5.8-6 ten thousand caves of plantation, mu sowing quantity is in 65-75 public affairs
Jin or so.Later stage does not pour water furrow face；Later stage draining is convenient.
5th, seed manure:After water furrow planting, 160 kgs/acre of ditch spread granular organic fertilizer.
6th, blinding:Rational blinding depth is after planting kept, is advisable with 6-7 centimetres.
(4) field management
1st, weeding
Corydalis tuber Root Distribution is shallow, and for underground stem tuber along topsoil growth, typically unsuitable tillage and weeding can be at after planting 30-45 days
It is interior to carry out chemical weed control in time from glyphosate.Diquat dibromide chemical weed control is used before emergence.After corydalis tuber emergence, it is impossible to removed using chemistry
Careless agent, it can only use and manually weed out the rank grass.
2nd, top dressing
In corydalis tuber fertilising, base fertilizer is used sufficient, weight winter dressing, ingeniously applies seed manure, increasing the p application rate.
Base fertilizer：In the topsoil of cultivation corydalis tuber is applied before sowing.
Cured fertilizer：By the end of November at the beginning of 12 months, with reference to winter irrigation, every mu of 10 kilograms of top application NPK (nitrate nitrogen), with tooth depth 5
The shallow tooth harrow rake of cm turns over application.La Shichun effect can be played.
Seed manure：In 2 months upper, the middle ten days (after full stand), during more than 1 cun of height of seedling, every mu is applied 4-5 kilograms of urea, not more than 7.5
Kilogram.Based on foliage top dressing.
3rd, draining is poured water
On the basis of winter irrigation, also to pay attention to spring irrigation.In 3-April, it is period that underground stem tuber expands rapidly, it is necessary to certain
Moisture supply, in arid season or rainwater on the low side, to pour water in time, pour water preferably dusk surface temperature decline after carry out.
When pouring water, water can not have furrow face, and irrigation period should not be long.After heavy rain, field ponding should be excluded in time.
(5) disease control
Corydalis tuber Common Diseases are：Downy mildew, sclerotiniose, rust.
1st, downy mildew：Belong to a kind of fungi of Mastigomycotina, be the War Torn venereal disease of corydalis tuber one evil, medicinal herb grower is referred to as " to burn
Pest ".
Generation, main harm blade at the beginning of 3 months.Early stage, blade face produce brown scab, under moisture conditions, blade back
There is one layer of linen mustiness thing, blade dries up when serious, and plant is dead.
Prevention and controls:1. carry out crop rotation；2. after corydalis tuber harvest, invalid tissue is removed, reduces bacterium source of surviving the winter；It is 3. reasonable
Dense planting, improvement field is ventilative, light transmission condition；4. carry out seed disinfection before sowing；5. enhance field management, rainy season in spring,
Timely ditch cleaning draining is wanted, mitigates wet injury；6. chemical control, after full stand (mid-February), with 32.5% benzene first Fluoxastrobin suspending agent
(30 grams/acre)+seaweed organic fertilizer (30 grams/acre) is watered spraying, is spaced 7-10 days, with 32.5% benzene first Fluoxastrobin suspending agent
(60 grams/acre)+5% amino-oligosaccharide (60 milliliter/mu) is watered 1000 times of sprayings, then is spaced 7-10 days, with 32.5% benzene first
Fluoxastrobin suspending agent (40 grams/acre)+potassium dihydrogen phosphate (100 grams/acre) is watered spraying preventing and treating.
Reach more than 90% by the technology preventive effect, improve 40% or so than conventional method, be effectively controlled because of disease
Early ageing phenomenon caused by dip-dye occurs, general to extend corydalis tuber field growth period 10 days or so, increases production more than 15%.
2nd, sclerotiniose：Disease caused by a kind of sac fungus in fungi.Start to fall ill at the beginning of 3 months, April, morbidity was the most serious.It is first
The basal part of stem of nearly native table is first endangered, produces yellowish-brown or auburn fusiformis scab, stem foot rots during high humidity, plant lodging.
After blade is killed, initial stage oval water stain shape scab, rear paleness brown.Soil table is covered with white flocculence mycelia and not when serious
The black mouse excrement shape mycelia of rule, plant are withered in flakes.
Prevention and controls：1. carry out crop rotation；2. it was found that diseased plant, roots out sick soil in time, sclerotium and mycelia are removed, lesion is used
Lime disinfection, to control sprawling；3. the medicament of prevention and control downy mildew can simultaneously and anti-sclerotiniose.Or at the initial stage of a disease, with raw stone
Ash and plant ash press 1:Spread fertilizer over the fields after 3 ratio mixing.After emergence, sprayed and prevented and treated with 80% Mancozeb.
3rd, rust：Disease caused by a kind of basidiomycetes in fungi.Unbroken in spring rain, air humidity is big, temperature is low, soil tide
Occur when wet.Stem, the leaf of main harm corydalis tuber.Early stage is on the irregular yellow green scab of blade face appearance, blade back scab
There is the raised glue-like thing (uredium) of yellow, the powder (uredium) for a large amount of rust yellow that can be shed after rupture, carry out
Infect again.
Prevention and controls：The medicament of prevention and control downy mildew can simultaneously simultaneous anti-embroidery disease.Or 25% triazolone wettable of early stage
Pulvis spraying preventing and treating.
The general principle and principal character and advantages of the present invention of the present invention has been shown and described above.The technology of the industry
Personnel are it should be appreciated that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the simply explanation described in above-described embodiment and specification is originally
The principle of invention, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, various changes and modifications of the present invention are possible, these changes
Change and improvement all fall within the protetion scope of the claimed invention.The claimed scope of the invention by appended claims and its
Equivalent thereof.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of efficient implantation methods of corydalis tuber, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) selection of land：Selection soil layer it is deep, pour water, draining it is good, topsoil it is loose and rich in humus sand loam, soil
PH value is with weakly acidic pH -- and subacidity is advisable；
(2) plant after corydalis tuber selectes field, first have to cultivate intensely, three plough three rakes, are organized into and Song Youxi loam table soil；
(3) sow：
A, the sowing time:High yield date of seeding, Optimal sowing date was 20-30 days in October in late September to late October；It is seeded into emergence
High yield can be obtained by lasting more than 120 days；
B, choose seeds:Select median size kind block uniform, oblate, color Huang is planted without scar, the sub- corydalis tuber newborn then of no insect population；
C, seed disinfection:Seed 5 milliliters of 402 disinfectant or 5 ‰ potassium permanganate, add appropriate amount of water to carry out seed disinfection, can soak
40 kilograms of seed is steeped, soak time 20 minutes, picks up and is planted after drying；Or spraying is watered using carbendazim, planted after naturally dry
Kind；
D, type of seeding:Zanjon high ridge planting method is taken, first does railway carriage or compartment in whole good plot drawstring, the wide 1.1-1.3 rice in railway carriage or compartment is advisable, ditch
It is deep more than 20 centimetres；Row × 8 centimetre of specification 5 are planted, every mu of 5.8-6 ten thousand caves of plantation, mu sowing quantity is at 65-75 kilograms or so；Afterwards
Phase does not pour water furrow face；Later stage draining is convenient；
E, seed manure:After water furrow planting, 160 kgs/acre of ditch spread granular organic fertilizer；
F, blinding:Rational blinding depth is after planting kept, is advisable with 6-7 centimetres；
G, disease prevention and control, breeding time is extended.
2. the efficient implantation methods of corydalis tuber according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Required before the sowing of the step (3)
On the basis of mu applies 3000 kilograms of well-rotted farmyard manure or day sharp 300 kilograms of organic fertilizer, (depth is no more than 10 lis to top application base fertilizer
Rice) 10 kilograms of potassium sulfate, NPK (15:15:15) 60-70 kilograms；On fertilizing method, base fertilizer, seed manure, top dressing are in proportion
Apply by several times, the 60% of nitrogenous fertilizer makees base fertilizer, and 30% does seed manure, and 10% does top dressing；It is important to note that fertilizer can not be direct during fertilising
Contact seedling stem.
3. the efficient implantation methods of corydalis tuber according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Disease prevention and control in the step G are
Downy mildew prevents and treats anti-early ageing method：1. carry out crop rotation；2. after corydalis tuber harvest, invalid tissue is removed, reduces bacterium source of surviving the winter；③
Rational close planting, improvement field is ventilative, light transmission condition；4. carry out seed disinfection before sowing；5. enhance field management, more rainy seasons in spring
Section, timely ditch cleaning draining, mitigate wet injury；6. chemical control, after mid-February full stand, suspended with 32.5% benzene first Fluoxastrobin
30 grams/acre of 30 grams/acre+seaweed organic fertilizer of agent is watered spraying, is spaced 7-10 days, with 32.5% benzene first Fluoxastrobin suspending agent 60
Gram/acre milliliter/mu of+5% amino-oligosaccharide 60 is watered 1000 times of sprayings, then is spaced 7-10 days, with 32.5% benzene first Fluoxastrobin
100 grams/acre of 40 grams/acre+potassium dihydrogen phosphate of suspending agent is watered spraying preventing and treating.
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| CN110214661A (en) * | 2019-07-10 | 2019-09-10 | 正安县联心中药材种植有限公司 | A kind of corydalis tuber implantation methods |
| CN113079967A (en) * | 2021-04-27 | 2021-07-09 | 汉中华榛生物科技有限公司 | Method for delayed seeding and stable yield of rhizoma corydalis |
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| CN103416192A (en) * | 2013-07-25 | 2013-12-04 | 王运海 | Method for planting corydalis tubers |
| CN104145636A (en) * | 2014-07-15 | 2014-11-19 | 宁国千方中药发展有限公司 | Planting method of rhizome corydalis |
| CN105103865A (en) * | 2015-08-19 | 2015-12-02 | 安徽格瑞农业开发有限公司 | Rhizoma corydalis planting method |
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| CN103416192A (en) * | 2013-07-25 | 2013-12-04 | 王运海 | Method for planting corydalis tubers |
| CN104145636A (en) * | 2014-07-15 | 2014-11-19 | 宁国千方中药发展有限公司 | Planting method of rhizome corydalis |
| CN105103865A (en) * | 2015-08-19 | 2015-12-02 | 安徽格瑞农业开发有限公司 | Rhizoma corydalis planting method |
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| CN110214661A (en) * | 2019-07-10 | 2019-09-10 | 正安县联心中药材种植有限公司 | A kind of corydalis tuber implantation methods |
| CN113079967A (en) * | 2021-04-27 | 2021-07-09 | 汉中华榛生物科技有限公司 | Method for delayed seeding and stable yield of rhizoma corydalis |
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