CN107637405A - It is a kind of to cultivate the method for the resistance to cavity block of Piperaceae plant and its application in afforestation project using agricultural wastes - Google Patents
It is a kind of to cultivate the method for the resistance to cavity block of Piperaceae plant and its application in afforestation project using agricultural wastes Download PDFInfo
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- CN107637405A CN107637405A CN201710900745.7A CN201710900745A CN107637405A CN 107637405 A CN107637405 A CN 107637405A CN 201710900745 A CN201710900745 A CN 201710900745A CN 107637405 A CN107637405 A CN 107637405A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of the method for the resistance to cavity block of Piperaceae plant and its application in afforestation project are cultivated using agricultural wastes.The inventive method cultivates Piperaceae plant by using agricultural wastes, it is a kind of method of new, efficient cultivation Piperaceae plant, and the Piperaceae plant that cultivation obtains can form the resistance to cavity block of Piperaceae plant, have the advantages that shade tolerance is strong, resist barren ability strong.The resistance to cavity block of Piperaceae plant of the inventive method cultivation can be used as subtropical zone shade plant landscape module, for in afforestation, landscape planting, indoor greening engineering, can Creating Special green ecological landscape, lifting region bio-diversity, ecological benefits and Landscape benefit can integrally be strengthened, had a good application prospect.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to landscape engineering technical field, it is more particularly related to which a kind of utilize agricultural wastes
Cultivate the method for the resistance to cavity block of Piperaceae plant and its application in afforestation project.
Background technology
Jia Betel (Piper sarmentosum) are subordinate to Piperaceae Piper, are perennial, crawl, draft of taking root section by section, long
Count to more than 10 rice.The nearly film quality of leaf, there is thin gland point, long 7-14 centimetres, wide 6-13 centimetres, the short point in top, heart-shaped or rare section of base portion
It is flat；Vein 7, the back side is significantly raised.Flower unisexuality, dioecism, it is gathered into leaf to raw spike.Berry is subsphaeroidal,
Have 4 jiaos of ribs, hairless, diameter 2.5-3 millimeters.The month at florescence 4-11.This kind originates in Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan, Guizhou and Tibet
(Motuo) each provinces and regions.It is born in by sylvan life or village on wetland.India, Vietnam, Malaysia, Philippine, Indonesia, Papua
New Guinea also has.
Herba Peperomiae pellucidae (Peperomia pellucida) is subordinate to Piperaceae Herba Peperomiae pellucidae category, is annual meat draft, high
20-40 centimetres；Stem is upright or base portion lies down sometimes, and leaf alternate, film quality is translucent, wealthy avette or ovate triangle, and long and width is near
It is equal, about 1-3.5 centimetres.Spike basidixed and with leaf to life.Berry is spherical, top point, about 0.5 millimeter of diameter.Florescence 4-7
Month.Originate in Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, each provinces and regions south in Yunnan.Tropical America is originated in, is now widely distributed in each torrid areas.
The sylvan life green landscape structure in park is a bright spot of Ecological landscape, especially present compound gardens group
Shielding it is strong, therefore normally due to the reason for sunlight wretched insufficiency, it is exposed that lawn can be very easy to occur bulk, and only few
Scape is made in the sylvan life that the ground of amount is applied to subtropical zone, torrid areas by class ornamental plant, and therefore, there is an urgent need to screen more preferable plant
Combination, particularly short ground build more preferable sylvan life Afforestation Landscape by class indigenous plant.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to：The problems such as overcoming in the prior art to afforestation mode scarcity, there is provided one kind utilizes
The method of the agricultural wastes cultivation resistance to cavity block of Piperaceae plant and its application in afforestation project.
In order to realize foregoing invention purpose, the invention provides one kind to utilize agricultural wastes cultivation Piperaceae plant shade tolerant
The method of module, it comprises the following steps：
(1) the cultivation matrix pretreatment based on agricultural wastes：In rice harves, rice husk and rice straw are collected,
By rice straw and pond sludge according to 100：1~2 mass ratio mixing, covers plastic cloth spontaneous fermentation；Use easy small-sized carbon
Change stove, rice husk high-temperature process is obtained into carbonization rice husk, is immersed in water 2~3 days, then dries；
(2) the cultivation matrix configuration based on agricultural wastes：By rice straw after fermenting in step (1), dry
Carbonization rice husk, red soil and pond sludge are according to 4：2：2：2 volume ratio mixing, pH is adjusted to 6.5~7.0 using calcium superphosphate, then
According to 50:4~5 mass ratio adds volume ratio 1:The base fertilizer that 1 dried poultrymanure and plant ash mixes, stirred before cultivation is sowed
Mix uniformly, obtain cultivation matrix；
(3) Piperaceae plant is introduced a fine variety：Piperaceae plant Jia Betel and Herba Peperomiae pellucidae are soaked in water, it is standby；
(4) cultivation is managed and protected：Using shallow seedlings nursing plate as container, avoid root growth too deep, pour into the cultivation obtained by step (2)
Matrix is trained, permeable by false Betel obtained by step (3) and the Herba Peperomiae pellucidae implantation cultivation matrix, pouring, preceding fortnight puts seedlings nursing plate
Below greenhouse seedbed, poured within 2~3 days permeable 1 time according to weather；Removed after fortnight to nursery, build shading shed, form Piperaceae
The resistance to cavity block of plant.
A kind of optimization technique side as the present invention using the method for the agricultural wastes cultivation resistance to cavity block of Piperaceae plant
Case, in step (1), rice straw is first cut into 5~8cm billet by the rice straw before being mixed with pond sludge.
A kind of optimization technique side as the present invention using the method for the agricultural wastes cultivation resistance to cavity block of Piperaceae plant
Case, in step (1), the spontaneous fermentation time is 60~80 days, is turned over once every 1~2 week.
A kind of optimization technique side as the present invention using the method for the agricultural wastes cultivation resistance to cavity block of Piperaceae plant
Case, in step (1), the time of the high-temperature process is 20~30min.
A kind of optimization technique side as the present invention using the method for the agricultural wastes cultivation resistance to cavity block of Piperaceae plant
Case, in step (3), the introduction method of the Jia Betel is：Healthy growth Jia Betel are chosen from natural habitat, whole strain is dug out, by it
Leaf wipes out 1/2~2/3, and then complete stool is soaked in 3h in water, and water described in per 15L first stands 1~2 day, then adds NAA1.2g
And IBA0.5g；
The introduction method of the Herba Peperomiae pellucidae is：The Herba Peperomiae pellucidae of healthy growth is chosen from natural habitat, whole strain is dug out, by its leaf
Son wipes out 1/2~2/3, and the root of Herba Peperomiae pellucidae then is soaked in into 1h in water, and water described in per 15L first stands 1~2 day, Ran Houjia
Enter NAA0.2g.
A kind of optimization technique side as the present invention using the method for the agricultural wastes cultivation resistance to cavity block of Piperaceae plant
Case, in step (4), 2~3cm of the cultivation matrix thickness.
A kind of optimization technique side as the present invention using the method for the agricultural wastes cultivation resistance to cavity block of Piperaceae plant
Case, in step (4), before the Jia Betel implantation, root-like stock is first cut to every section of 5~10cm, then horizontal embedment；The Jia Betel with
The planting proportion of Herba Peperomiae pellucidae is 4：1；The shading shed is that bamboo pole and shading screen are built to obtain, high 0.5~1m.Can during practical application
According to canopy density, superposition shading screen is 3~4 layers, and it is the 1/2~1/3 of normal illumination intensity to ensure the global illumination under shading shed,
Ensure ventilation in cultivation.
A kind of optimization technique side as the present invention using the method for the agricultural wastes cultivation resistance to cavity block of Piperaceae plant
Case, after planting Jia Betel and Herba Peperomiae pellucidae, in growth cycle, every 1~2 month sprinkling 2500mg/L positive 2- chloroethyls trimethyl chlorine
Change ammonium salt solution to blade face；Every 2~3 weeks once-combined fertilizer of sprinkling, the compound fertilizer is urea：P2O5：KCl is according to 1:1:2 is mixed
Close, 4000 times of concentration.
A kind of optimization technique side as the present invention using the method for the agricultural wastes cultivation resistance to cavity block of Piperaceae plant
Case, as summer constantly rains, fungal diseases are should be noted when humidity is too high, can be weekly using the sprinkling prevention of 1 carbendazim.
The Piperaceae plant that the method for the above-mentioned cultivation Piperaceae plant of the present invention cultivates to obtain 3~April after normal growth
Afterwards, single, false Betel+resistance to cavity block of Herba Peperomiae pellucidae plant of sheet can be formed.
The resistance to cavity block of Piperaceae plant of the present invention can be used as subtropical zone shade plant landscape module, in afforestation project,
Such as afforestation, landscape planting, indoor greening, during application, pine first can be dug into the exposed plot of the sylvan life of pre-placing plant modules,
One layer of peat soil is first laid, then the plant modules monoblock is removed, is laid on peat soil, compacting is poured permeable.
Relative to prior art, the invention has the advantages that：
The resistance to cavity block of Piperaceae plant of the inventive method cultivation can be used for afforestation, landscape planting, indoor green chemical industry
Cheng Zhong, can Creating Special green ecological landscape, lifting region bio-diversity, can integrally strengthen ecological benefits and Landscape benefit,
Have a good application prospect.
Brief description of the drawings
With reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description, the inventive method and beneficial effect are described in detail.
Fig. 1~3 are that the inventive method culture obtains Jia Betel+Herba Peperomiae pellucidae plant modules.
Embodiment
In order that the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and advantageous effects become apparent from, with reference to embodiments, to this
Invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the embodiment described in this specification is just for the sake of this hair of explanation
Bright, being not intended to limit the present invention, the parameter of embodiment, ratio etc. can suit measures to local conditions to make a choice and have no substance to result
Influence.
Embodiment
Place：Guangdong environmental engineering Professional School
Time：In March, 2014 in September, -2017
(1) Jia Betel's introduces a fine variety.In spring and summer season, prepare running water bucket, 1-2 days are stood after topped up with water.In preliminary experiment
On the basis of, 4 groups are set.NAA 0.8g, NAA 1.2g, NAA 0.8g+IBA 0.5g, NAA are separately added into 15L buckets
1.2g+IBA 0.5g.The false Betel populations of healthy growth are chosen at Dan Zaozhen old room, dark and damp place, nursery is dug go back in whole strain, by its leaf
Son wipes out 1/2~2/3, and Jia Betel complete stools are steeped into bucket, soaks 3h, takes out, is cut to every section of 5-10cm, horizontal embedment seedlings nursing plate
In.Matrix is thin river sand, keeps certain humidity, every group 10；Its root growth situation was observed after 2 weeks.
The Jia Betel rooting rates of table 1
From experimental result, using NAA 1.2g+IBA 0.5g group, its rooting rate is up to 100%, and new root is white
Color health, it is more intensive, it is the preferable experimental group of effect.And NAA 0.8g+IBA 0.5g group, its rooting rate up to 100%,
It is general intensive but new root growing way is more weak.NAA 0.8g groups, rooting rate 60%, new root white health are sparse.NAA
1.2g groups, rooting rate 90%, new root white health are general intensive.
(2) Herba Peperomiae pellucidae is introduced a fine variety.4 groups are set.NAA 0.2g, NAA 0.4g, NAA are separately added into 15L buckets
0.2g+IBA 0.1g, NAA 0.4g+IBA 0.1g, then pour into shallow basin.Choose growth at Dan Zaozhen old room, dark and damp place and be good for
Nursery is dug go back in the Herba Peperomiae pellucidae population of health, whole strain, and its leaf is wiped out into 1/2~2/3, the root of Herba Peperomiae pellucidae is steeped into shallow basin, leaching
Steep 1h.Into seedlings nursing plate, matrix is thin river sand for cultivation after processing, keeps certain humidity, every group 10；Its root was observed after 2 weeks
It is growing state.
The Herba Peperomiae pellucidae of table 2 transplants situation of taking root
| Sequence number | Concentration | Transplant situation (2 weeks) of taking root | Overall growing way and situation of taking root |
| 1 | NAA 0.2g | 100% | Overall survival is high, there is a small amount of new root, white health |
| 2 | NAA 0.4g | 50% | Overall survival is low, and survival plant has a small amount of new root |
| 3 | NAA0.2g+IBA 0.1g | 80% | Overall survival is higher, there is a small amount of new root |
| 4 | NAA 0.4g+IBA 0.1g | 20% | Overall survival is low, has no new root |
From experimental result, using NAA 0.2g group, its rooting rate is up to 100%, and overall survival is high, has a small amount of
New root, white health.NAA 0.4g groups, its rooting rate 50%, overall survival is low, and survival plant has a small amount of new root.NAA
0.2g+IBA 0.1g groups, rooting rate 80%, overall survival is higher, there is a small amount of new root.NAA 0.4g+IBA 0.1g groups,
Rooting rate 20%, overall survival is low, has no new root.
(3) the cultivation matrix pretreatment based on agricultural wastes.In rice harves, collect its rice husk and rice straw is standby
With.A, the rice straw of agricultural wastes is cut into 5-8cm billets using simple cutting machine, arranged in pairs or groups with rice straw per ton
The ratio of 10-20kg pond sludge, stirring mixture are rearmounted on nursery lot, covering plastic cloth spontaneous fermentation 60-80 days.Period every
1-2 weeks are turned over once.B, using easy small-sized carbide furnace, the rice husk high-temperature process 20-30min that is placed in one is obtained into the rice that is carbonized
Shell, carbonization rice husk is immersed in bucket after 2-3 days, taking-up is tedded to dry.
(4) the cultivation matrix configuration based on agricultural wastes.According to volume ratio, with rice straw：Carbonization rice husk：Red soil
Soil：Pond sludge=4:2:2:2 ratio mixing, stirs, and adjusts pH value using calcium superphosphate, pH value is adjusted into 6.5-7.0
Between, slant acidity.According still further to 80-100kg per ton ratio, add according to volume ratio 1:1 dried poultrymanure and plant ash mixing and
Into base fertilizer, cultivation, sowing before stir.
(5) plant.4 matrix contrast groups, every group of Ke Jia Betel of plantation 20 and 10 Herba Peperomiae pellucidaes are set.Matrix is respectively：Agriculture
Mixed-matrix based on industry discarded object, volume ratio 3:1:1 peat soil, pond sludge and haydite, volume ratio 3:1:1 red soil
Soil, pond sludge and haydite, volume ratio 3:1:1 red soil, peat soil and pond sludge.Using shallow seedlings nursing plate as container, avoid
Root growth is too deep.Mixed-matrix is poured into, thick 2-3cm, each seedlings nursing plate Jia Betel and Herba Peperomiae pellucidae strain number ratio is about 4:1, it is false
Root-like stock is cut to every section of 5-10cm, horizontal embedment by Betel；Herba Peperomiae pellucidae is directly planted.Poured after plantation permeable.Preceding 2 week after plantation
Seedlings nursing plate is put in below greenhouse seedbed, poured within 2-3 days permeable 1 time according to weather.
(6) phase planting type is managed and protected.After checking Jia Betel and Herba Peperomiae pellucidae normal growth, seedlings nursing plate is removed small to nursery, use
Bamboo pole and shade net establish the high little Yin Peng of 0.5-1m, and according to canopy density actual in park, stackable shade net is 3-4 layers,
It is the 1/2~1/3 of normal illumination intensity to ensure the global illumination under small cloudy canopy.Ensure ventilation in cultivation.
The growing state of the Jia Betel of table 3 and Herba Peperomiae pellucidae compares
From experimental result, using the group of the mixed-matrix based on agricultural wastes, its overall growing way is vigorous, false
Betel, Herba Peperomiae pellucidae blade are intensive and dark green, and false Betel forms white and intensive, healthy compared with multiple-limb, root system.No disease and pests harm.It is simultaneously false
Betel can form a more neat plane, grow fine.The use of volume ratio is 3:1:The group of 1 peat soil, pond sludge and haydite
Not, its overall growing way is preferable, and blade is intensive and dark green, and root system is white and intensive, healthy.No disease and pests harm.It is overall more mixed and disorderly, and
It is overall more short and small.The use of volume ratio is 3:1:The group of 1 red soil, pond sludge and haydite, overall growing way is more general, false
Betel, the blade of Herba Peperomiae pellucidae are sparse, and root system is white and intensive, healthy.No disease and pests harm.It is overall sparse and overall more short and small.Make
It is 3 with volume ratio:1:The group of 1 red soil, peat soil and pond sludge, its overall growing way is poor, low , Jia Betel of whole height, grass
The blade of pepper is sparse, and root system is white and intensive, healthy.No disease and pests harm.It is and overall sparse and overall short and small and thin and weak.
(7) excessive growth and control fertilizer are controlled.In growth cycle, every 1-2 months, 2500mg/L positive 2- chloroethyls front three is configured
Ammonium chloride spray solution blade face.1 fertilizer was sprayed per 2-3 weeks according to its growing way, the use of fertilizer is composite fertilizer, according to volume ratio
Urea：P2O5：KCl=1:1:2,4000 times of concentration, thin fertilizer to be applied.
(8) Pest management.In the case where ensureing to divulge information, general no disease and pests harm occurs.As summer constantly rain, humidity
Fungal diseases are should be noted when too high, can be weekly using 1 carbendazim sprinkling prevention.
(8) module is transplanted.After the 3-4 months, single, sheet Jia Betel+Herba Peperomiae pellucidae plant modules can be formed.During transplanting,
Pine first is dug into the exposed plot of the sylvan life of green belt in the institute of pre-placing, lays one layer of peat soil, then by plant modules from nursery
Check and regulate block to remove, be layed in, poured after compacting permeable.
(9) paired observation.In institute green belt, Jia Betel+Herba Peperomiae pellucidae plant modules, freshwater mussel flower (Rhoeo are planted altogether
Discolor), Taiwan careless (Zoysia tenuifolia), completely conjunction fruit taro (Syngonium podophyllum), gold
(Arachis pintoi), safflower Loropetalum wood (Loropetalum chinense), America wedelia chinensis (Wedelia
Trilobata), dwarf lilyturf (Ophiopogon bodinieri) etc..During work is managed and protected in greening in 2 years, its growing way such as following table.
The growing state of more than 4 kinds of underground of table compares
In the afforestation design pipes of 2 years support work, it is found that Jia Betel+Herba Peperomiae pellucidae plant modules shade tolerance is good, with respect to turfgrass
There are obvious advantage, such as Taiwan grass, completely gold, it is not in exposed plot.It is the small of now a large amount of positives partially simultaneously
Shrub, quilt important supplement, existing frequently-used conjunction fruit taro, safflower Loropetalum wood, safflower Loropetalum wood are all partially positive.The module growing way is overall
Dwarf lilyturf more preferable than shade tolerance, freshwater mussel flower are more suitably used as green plants, and it is neat and glossy bottle green is presented, and growing way is good
It is good.
The announcement and teaching of book according to the above description, those skilled in the art in the invention can also be to above-mentioned embodiment party
Formula carries out appropriate change and modification.Therefore, the invention is not limited in embodiment disclosed and described above, to this
Some modifications and changes of invention should also be as falling into the scope of the claims of the present invention.In addition, although this specification
In used some specific terms, but these terms are merely for convenience of description, do not form any restrictions to the present invention.
Claims (10)
- A kind of 1. method that the resistance to cavity block of Piperaceae plant is cultivated using agricultural wastes, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：(1) the cultivation matrix pretreatment based on agricultural wastes：In rice harves, rice husk and rice straw are collected, by water Rice straw is with pond sludge according to 100：1~2 mass ratio mixing, spontaneous fermentation；Rice husk high-temperature process is obtained into carbonization rice husk, soaked 2~3 days in water, then dry；(2) the cultivation matrix configuration based on agricultural wastes：By the rice straw after being fermented in step (1), the carbonization dried Rice husk, red soil and pond sludge are according to 4：2：2：2 volume ratio mixing, adjusts pH to 6.5~7.0, according still further to 50:4~5 quality Than adding volume ratio 1:The base fertilizer that 1 dried poultrymanure and plant ash mixes, stirs, obtains cultivation matrix；(3) Piperaceae plant is introduced a fine variety：Piperaceae plant Jia Betel and Herba Peperomiae pellucidae are soaked in water, it is standby；(4) cultivation is managed and protected：Using seedlings nursing plate as container, the cultivation matrix obtained by step (2) is poured into, by Jia Betel obtained by step (3) It is implanted into Herba Peperomiae pellucidae in the cultivation matrix, seedlings nursing plate is placed in below greenhouse seedbed by preceding fortnight, is removed after fortnight to nursery, Shading shed is built, forms the resistance to cavity block of Piperaceae plant.
- 2. the method that the resistance to cavity block of Piperaceae plant is cultivated using agricultural wastes described in claim 1, it is characterised in that step Suddenly in (1), rice straw is first cut into 5~8cm billet by the rice straw before being mixed with pond sludge.
- 3. the method according to claim 1 that the resistance to cavity block of Piperaceae plant is cultivated using agricultural wastes, its feature are existed In in step (1), the spontaneous fermentation time is 60~80 days, is turned over once every 1~2 week.
- 4. the method according to claim 1 that the resistance to cavity block of Piperaceae plant is cultivated using agricultural wastes, its feature are existed In in step (1), the time of the high-temperature process is 20~30min.
- 5. the method according to claim 1 that the resistance to cavity block of Piperaceae plant is cultivated using agricultural wastes, its feature are existed In in step (3), the introduction method of the Jia Betel is：Healthy growth Jia Betel are chosen, whole strain is dug out, and its leaf is wiped out into 1/2 ~2/3,3h in water is then soaked in, NAA1.2g and IBA0.5g is added in water described in per 15L；The introduction method of the Herba Peperomiae pellucidae is：The Herba Peperomiae pellucidae of healthy growth is chosen, whole strain is dug out, and its leaf is wiped out into 1/2~2/ 3,1h in water is then soaked in, NAA0.2g is added in water described in per 15L.
- 6. the method according to claim 1 that the resistance to cavity block of Piperaceae plant is cultivated using agricultural wastes, its feature are existed In, in step (4), 2~3cm of the cultivation matrix thickness.
- 7. the method according to claim 1 that the resistance to cavity block of Piperaceae plant is cultivated using agricultural wastes, its feature are existed In in step (4), before Jia Betel implantation, root-like stock first being cut into every section of 5~10cm, is then implanted into；The Jia Betel and grass Hu The planting proportion of green pepper is 4：1；The shading shed is that bamboo pole and shading screen are built to obtain, high 0.5~1m.
- 8. the method according to claim 1 that the resistance to cavity block of Piperaceae plant is cultivated using agricultural wastes, its feature are existed In after planting Jia Betel and Herba Peperomiae pellucidae, in growth cycle, every 1~2 month sprinkling 2500mg/L positive 2- chloroethyls trimethyl chlorine Change ammonium salt solution to blade face；Every 2~3 weeks once-combined fertilizer of sprinkling, the compound fertilizer is urea：P2O5：KCl is according to volume ratio 1:1:2 mixing, 4000 times of concentration.
- 9. planted in claim 1~8 described in any one claim using the method for agricultural wastes cultivation Piperaceae plant Train the obtained resistance to cavity block of Piperaceae plant.
- 10. application of the resistance to cavity block of Piperaceae plant in afforestation project described in claim 9.
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