CN107634214A - A kind of method for preparing vanadium pentoxide sol, film prepared therefrom and the application in lithium ion battery - Google Patents
A kind of method for preparing vanadium pentoxide sol, film prepared therefrom and the application in lithium ion battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN107634214A CN107634214A CN201710862443.5A CN201710862443A CN107634214A CN 107634214 A CN107634214 A CN 107634214A CN 201710862443 A CN201710862443 A CN 201710862443A CN 107634214 A CN107634214 A CN 107634214A
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Abstract
This application discloses a kind of application of method for preparing vanadium pentoxide sol, the vanadium pentoxide films and the film that are prepared by it in lithium ion battery.This method is during vanadium pentoxide sol is prepared, it is not necessary to hot conditions, the problem of greatly reducing the high heat budget of high temperature quenching method experiment, and overcome operating personnel's high health hazard；Its technique is simple, and cost is relatively low, easily accomplishes scale production；Resulting vanadium pentoxide sol structural property is stable, can place storage for a long time, such as can store more than 1 year.The vanadium pentoxide films, as the electrode material of lithium ion battery, characteristic of semiconductor and layer structure are advantageous to ion transmission, the stable chemical performance in polymer dielectric, show good ion insertion/deintercalation invertibity and larger charge storage density.
Description
Technical field
The application is related to a kind of method for preparing vanadium pentoxide sol, more particularly to prepares five oxidations using hydrogen peroxide
Two vanadium colloidal sols.
Background technology
Colloidal sol typically refers to dispersion of the particle diameter size in 1nm to 100nm.The compound method of colloidal sol is more, greatly
Cause can be divided into two kinds of dispersion method and coagulation method.Prepare colloidal sol with low temperature ultrasonic dispersion method, have efficiently, it is low consumption, pollution-free, safe
The advantages that；It is stronger using the low temperature collosol stability that technique is prepared dropwise, preferably it can be combined after dilution with thin film preparation process,
Preparing method has broad application prospects low temperature dropwise.
V2O5Film can charge-discharge battery, the field such as ultracapacitor and electrochromism is widely used.V is prepared at present2O5
The common method of colloidal sol is high temperature quenching method, and this method is by by V2O5Powder is placed in high temperature furnace, at 800 DEG C to 1000 DEG C very
V is melted at a high temperature of to more than 1000 DEG C2O5Powder, V is obtained after quenching2O5Colloidal sol.This high temperature quenching method prepares V2O5Colloid
Not only power consumption is high, and belongs to the V of hazardous chemical2O5In the presence of potential distillation and volatilization, the health of staff may be produced
Raw high risks.Which greatly limits V2O5Application in practice.
The content of the invention
According to the one side of the application, there is provided a kind of method for preparing vanadium pentoxide sol, this method are preparing five
During V 2 O colloidal sol, it is not necessary to hot conditions, greatly reduce the high heat budget of high temperature quenching method experiment, and overcome
The problem of operating personnel's high health hazard；Its technique is simple, and cost is relatively low, easily accomplishes scale production；Resulting five
V 2 O collosol structure property is stable, can place storage for a long time, such as can store more than 1 year.
The method for preparing vanadium pentoxide sol, it is characterised in that methods described comprises the following steps：
1) vanadic anhydride is mixed with water, obtains the mixture of vanadic anhydride and water；
2) the first component is added by several times into the vanadic anhydride and the mixture of water obtained by step 1), mix, obtain five
V 2 O solution；Wherein, hydrogen peroxide is contained in first component；
3) it is aged after adding water into the vanadic anhydride solution obtained by step 2), obtains the vanadium pentoxide sol.
In a detailed embodiment, in step 2) the vanadic anhydride solution, vanadic anhydride, water and peroxide
The mass ratio for changing hydrogen is 0.8~1.2:10~16:5~7.
In a preferred embodiment, in step 2) the vanadic anhydride solution, vanadic anhydride, water
Mass ratio with hydrogen peroxide is 1:13:6.
In a detailed embodiment, water and the vanadic anhydride solution obtained by step 2) are added in step 3)
Volume ratio is 1~7:1.
In a preferred embodiment, the volume of water and the vanadic anhydride solution obtained by step 2) is added
Than for 2~5:1.
In a detailed embodiment, in the operating process of step 2) and step 3) also independently include stirring and/
Or ultrasound.
In a detailed embodiment, the speed of the stirring is 400r/min to 2000r/min.
In a preferred embodiment, the speed of preferably described stirring is 800r/min to 1200r/min.
In a detailed embodiment, the ultrasonic frequency is 25kHZ-55kHZ.
In a preferred embodiment, the ultrasonic frequency is 35kHz.
In a detailed embodiment, water is also contained in first component.
In a preferred embodiment, first component is the aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide.
In a detailed embodiment, mass content of the hydrogen peroxide in first component be 10% to
80%.
In a preferred embodiment, mass content of the hydrogen peroxide in first component is
20% to 40%.
In a detailed embodiment, in step 2), the amount of first component is added every time as 0.001ml extremely
1ml, the interval time for adding first component every time are 5s to 120s.
In a preferred embodiment, in step 2), the amount for adding first component every time is
0.01ml to 0.1ml, the interval time for adding first component every time are 10s to 30s.
In a detailed embodiment, it is to be added dropwise to be added by several times described in step 2).
In a detailed embodiment, the operation temperature of the step 1), the operation temperature of step 2), the behaviour of step 3)
Make a certain value of the temperature in 1 DEG C to 100 DEG C.
In a preferred embodiment, the operation temperature of the step 1), the operation temperature of step 2), step
3) a certain value of the operation temperature in 20 DEG C to 80 DEG C.At this temperature, V2O5Molecule can be in deionized water
Obtain it is fully dispersed, by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) solution fully dissolves.
By step 2), V2O5Molecule can obtain in deionized water it is fully dispersed, by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) solution fills
Divide dissolving.
In a detailed embodiment, the digestion time being aged described in step 3) is no less than 0.5 day.During the ageing
Between lower limit be selected from 0.5 day, 1 day, 2 days, the upper limit be selected from 3 days, 4 days, 5 days, 6 days, 7 days, 8 days, 9 days, 10 days, 11 days, 12 days, 13
My god, 14 days, 15 days, 20 days, 30 days, 60 days, 90 days, 180 days, 360 days.
In a preferred embodiment, the digestion time being aged described in step 3) is 1 day to 10 days.
In a preferred embodiment, the digestion time being aged described in step 3) is 2 days to 3 days.
In a detailed embodiment, the particle diameter of the vanadium pentoxide sol is 1~100nm.
In a detailed embodiment, the particle diameter of preferably described vanadium pentoxide sol is 2~20nm.
As a kind of specific embodiment, described low temperature prepares V dropwise2O5Colloidal sol and its thin film preparation process, including
Following steps：
1. weighs a small amount of vanadic anhydride (V2O5) powder, deionized water dissolving, room temperature magnetic agitation, it is configured to five oxidations
Two vanadium (V2O5) solution；
2. hydrogen peroxide (H is added dropwise in dropwise2O2) solution, obtain mixed liquor；
3. after room temperature magnetic agitations, continue ultrasonic disperse；
4. adds deionized water, continue ultrasonic disperse and obtain vanadic anhydride (V2O5) colloidal sol；
5. vanadic anhydrides (V2O5) colloidal sol dilution, combination film preparation technology.
According to the another aspect of the application, there is provided a kind of vanadium pentoxide films, the voltage that application -1V is arrived between+1.5V are thin
Film color presents blackish greenCeladonYellow greenIt is orange-yellowReversible change between orange red；Optics at 640nm
Modification scope reaches 67%；The vanadium pentoxide films have nano aperture structure and larger specific surface area, significantly improve
Ion insertion/deintercalation invertibity and charge storage density.
The vanadium pentoxide sol that the vanadium pentoxide films are prepared by any means is sunk by electrochemistry
At least one of area method, spin coating method, dip-coating method are prepared.
According to the another aspect of the application, there is provided application of the vanadium pentoxide films in lithium ion battery.
Specifically, the vanadium pentoxide films can be used for the positive pole of lithium ion battery.
The beneficial effect of the application comprises at least：
(1) method for preparing vanadium pentoxide sol provided herein, breaches existing V2O5Colloidal sol high temperature quenching
Preparing process limits, during vanadium pentoxide sol is prepared, it is not necessary to which hot conditions, method avoids high temperature to low temperature dropwise
The problem of high heat budget of experiment caused by quenching technique and operating personnel's high health hazard.
(2) method for preparing vanadium pentoxide sol provided herein, technique is simple, and cost is relatively low, easily realizes
Large-scale production.
(3) method for preparing vanadium pentoxide sol provided herein, resulting vanadium pentoxide sol structure
Property is stable, can place storage for a long time, such as can store more than 1 year.
(4) vanadium pentoxide films provided herein, preparation method is simple, and film is uniform, and application -1V arrives+1.5V
Between voltage, film color present it is blackish greenCeladonYellow greenIt is orange-yellowReversible change between orange red.
(5) vanadium pentoxide films provided herein, optics modification scope of the film at 640nm reach 67%.
(6) the application low temperature combines V prepared by rotary coating dropwise2O5Film has nano aperture structure and larger ratio
Surface area, significantly improve ion insertion/deintercalation invertibity and charge storage density.In addition, spin coating method it is simple to operate,
Cost is low, is easy to mass produce.
(7) vanadium pentoxide films provided herein, as the electrode material of lithium ion battery, characteristic of semiconductor and
Layer structure is advantageous to ion transmission, the stable chemical performance in polymer dielectric, shows good ion insertion/deintercalation
Invertibity and larger charge storage density.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow chart that vanadium pentoxide sol is prepared in embodiment 1.
Fig. 2 is dropwise to V in embodiment 12O5The schematic diagram of hydrogenperoxide steam generator is added dropwise in mixed liquor.
Fig. 3 is the method figure that electrochemical deposition is film-made in embodiment 11.
Fig. 4 is ME-1 in embodiment 14#The UV, visible light transmission plot of/ITO/ glass assemblies.
Fig. 5 is MX-1 in embodiment 15#Cyclic voltammogram.
Embodiment
The application is described in detail with reference to embodiment, but the application is not limited to these embodiments.
Unless otherwise instructed, the raw material in embodiments herein is bought by commercial sources.
Each experimental procedure in following examples is carried out in fume hood.
In embodiment, UV, visible light transmitted spectrum is divided using the types of Lambda 950 of Perkin Elmer companies of U.S. production
Light photometer is tested；The pattern of sample uses the D8Advance type high-resolution polycrystalline X of German Bruker AXS companies production
X ray diffractometer x is tested；The pattern of sample is observed using FDAC S4800 type SEM；Gained is thin
The Zennium type electrochemical workstations of Zahner companies of the chemical property Germany production of membrane sample are measured.
Embodiment 1
Prepare flow chart such as Fig. 1 of vanadium pentoxide sol.
Step 1：Weigh 0.3g vanadic anhydrides (V2O5) powder is placed in beaker, and adds 4ml deionized water dissolvings, magnetic force
Stirring, is configured to V2O5With the mixture of water；
Step 2：As shown in Fig. 2 the V into beaker2O5The peroxide that mass fraction is 30% is added dropwise dropwise with the mixture of water
Change hydrogen (H2O2) solution, 0.03ml, common 1.5ml are often dripped, the time interval between often dripping is 10s, 1000r/min magnetic agitations,
30kHz ultrasounds are fully dispersed to V2O5Powder is completely by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) solution dissolving, obtain V2O5Solution；
Step 3：To V2O520ml deionized water is added in solution, makes the V in solution2O5Molecule obtains in deionized water
To fully dispersed, continue after using 30kHz ultrasonic disperses, be aged 2 days, obtain the V2O5Colloidal sol, it is designated as J-1#。
J-1#Still aging 90 days, still keep uniform, without suspended phenomenon.
Embodiment 2
The dosage and proportionate relationship of feed change, other conditions and experimental procedure such as embodiment 1, investigation vanadic anhydride,
The proportionate relationship of water and hydrogen peroxide is to preparing the influence of colloidal sol, the pass between gained sample number into spectrum and each raw material dosage and ratio
System is as shown in table 1.
Table 1
Embodiment 3
The content of hydrogen peroxide, other conditions such as embodiment 1 in change hydrogenperoxide steam generator, investigate the content of hydrogen peroxide
Influence to preparing colloidal sol.The relation such as institute of table 2 in gained sample number into spectrum and hydrogenperoxide steam generator between the content of hydrogen peroxide
Show.
Table 2
| Sample number into spectrum | The mass content (%) of hydrogen peroxide |
| J-5# | 80 |
| J-6# | 40 |
| J-7# | 20 |
| J-8# | 10 |
Embodiment 4
Change the rotating speed of the stirring in step 2, while without using ultrasonic wave, other conditions such as embodiment 1, investigate stirring
Rotating speed is to preparing the influence of colloidal sol.The relation of rotating speed of the gained sample number into spectrum with stirring is as shown in table 3.
Table 3
| Sample number into spectrum | Stir speed (S.S.) (r/min) |
| J-9# | 2000 |
| J-10# | 1200 |
| J-11# | 800 |
| J-12# | 400 |
Embodiment 5
Change the ultrasonic frequency in step 2, while without stirring, other conditions such as embodiment 1, investigate ultrasonic wave frequency
Rate is to preparing the influence of colloidal sol.The relation of gained sample number into spectrum and supersonic frequency is as shown in table 4.
Table 4
| Sample number into spectrum | Ultrasonic frequency (kHz) |
| J-13# | 55 |
| J-14# | 35 |
| J-15# | 25 |
Embodiment 6
Change the digestion time in step 3, other conditions such as embodiment 1, investigate digestion time to preparing the influence of colloidal sol.
The relation of gained sample number into spectrum and digestion time is as shown in table 5.
Table 5
| Sample number into spectrum | Digestion time (my god) |
| J-16# | 360 |
| J-17# | 3 |
| J-18# | 2 |
| J-19# | 0.5 |
Embodiment 7
Change amount and the time for adding interval that hydrogen peroxide is often dripped in step 2, other conditions such as embodiment 1, investigate peroxide
Change hydrogen dripping quantity and time for adding interval to preparing the influence of colloidal sol.Gained sample number into spectrum and the amount and drop for often dripping hydrogen peroxide
Add the relation of time interval as shown in table 6.
Table 6
| Sample number into spectrum | Often drip the amount (ml) of hydrogen peroxide | Time for adding interval (s) |
| J-20# | 1 | 120 |
| J-21# | 0.1 | 30 |
| J-22# | 0.01 | 10 |
| J-23# | 0.001 | 5 |
Embodiment 8
According to the V in the rate-determining steps 2 of table 7 and step 32O5The operation temperature of mixture, other conditions such as embodiment 1, investigate
V2O5For the temperature of mixture to preparing the influence of colloidal sol, the relation of gained sample number into spectrum and operation temperature is as shown in table 7.
Table 7
| Sample number into spectrum | V in step 2 and 32O5The temperature (DEG C) of mixture |
| J-24# | 100 |
| J-25# | 80 |
| J-26# | 20 |
| J-27# | 1 |
Embodiment 9
Change the amount that water is added in step 1, other conditions such as embodiment 1, gained sol sample numbering is as shown in table 8.
Table 8
| Sample number into spectrum | The dosage (ml) of water |
| J-28# | 10 |
| J-29# | 6 |
| J-30# | 4 |
| J-31# | 2 |
Comparative example 1
It is conventional in the prior art to prepare V2O5The step of colloidal sol：
Step 1：Weigh 20gV2O5Powder is placed in crucible, then crucible is positioned in high temperature furnace；High temperature furnace is warming up to 800
DEG C -1000 DEG C, 30min is incubated, it is fully melted；
Step 2：By the V in crucible2O5Suddenly quench in cold water, and quickly stir；Then by V2O5With the mixture of water
It is placed on electric furnace and heats, it is fully dissolved；
Step 3：Solution is filtered twice with Vacuum filtration device, finally obtained filtered solution left standstill within one week dark red
The V of color2O5Colloidal sol, it is designated as DJ-1#。
Embodiment 10
By the gained sample J-2 of embodiment 2~9#~J-31#With the gained sample DJ-1 of comparative example 1#Stand at room temperature respectively
300 days, as a result show, the sample J-2 being prepared using herein described method#~J-31#After standing 300 days, solution is still
It is uniform and stable；And place DJ-1#Container bottom precipitated.
Embodiment 11
Respectively by sample J-1#~J-31#1 is diluted to respectively:15 volume ratios, film is prepared using electrodeposition process, point
ME-1 is not designated as it#~ME-31#.Fig. 3 is the method figure of electrochemical deposition, and wherein a is the V in deposition liquid2O5Sol particles；B is
It is coated with ITO (In2O3:Sn) the electro-conductive glass of film, as working electrode；C is platinized platinum, as to electrode, by respectively will be after dilution
Sample J-1#~J-31#As electrolyte, V2O5It is being coated with ITO (In2O3:Sn) electro-conductive glass of film forms film, is formed
ME-1#/ ITO/ glass assemblies~ME-31#/ ITO/ glass assemblies.Using the ME-1 obtained by X-ray diffractometer observation#~ME-
31#Film can be seen that ME-1#~ME-31#Layer structure is presented.
Embodiment 12
It is utilized respectively sample J-1#~J-31#, with silicon (Si) piece as substrate, using spin coating method film forming.
Spin coating method prepares thin-film technique and comprised the following steps：
Step 1：Using ammoniacal liquor, hydrogenperoxide steam generator (NH3·H2O:H2O2=2:1, volume ratio) silicon (Si) piece substrate is done
Hydrophily processing；
Step 2：Centrifugal rotation film, spin coating condition be 100~500 revs/min, 1~10 second, whirl coating condition be 1500 turns/
Divide to 3500 revs/min, 5 seconds to 50 seconds.
Step 3：V2O5After wet film air drying at room temperature, oxygen (O2) atmosphere heat treatment, that is, obtain the V2O5Film.
Sample J-1 is respectively adopted#~J-31#It is worth, the V being prepared by spin coating method2O5Film sample is remembered respectively
For MX-1#~MX-31#。
Using SEM to MX-1#~MX-31#Pattern observed, find film sample stratiform is presented
Structure, and have nano aperture structure, nano aperture structure cause film sample to have a larger specific surface area, embedded lithium from
Sub- diffusion path is shorter and has higher specific capacity, is advantageous to improve the performance of lithium ion battery.
Embodiment 13
It is utilized respectively sample J-1#~J-31#, thin-film technique film forming is prepared with reference to dip-coating method.
Dip-coating method prepares thin-film technique and comprised the following steps：
Step 1：After acetone, ethanol and deionized water cleaning glass, 20min is dried at 100 DEG C；
Step 2：After somewhat being stopped in dried glass substrate immersion coating liquid, with 6cm/min speed vertically upward
Lifting, 20min is dried at 100 DEG C.
Step 3：Surface is covered with V respectively2O5Sol sample J-1#~J-31#The glass of coating is placed in 500 DEG C of air atmosphere
Middle calcining 30min is enclosed, obtains V2O5Film, MT-1 is designated as respectively#~MT-31#.Using SEM to MT-1#~MT-
31#Pattern observed, find MT-1#~MT-31#Surface uniformly, flawless and hole.
Embodiment 14
To ME-1 resulting in embodiment 11#~ME-31#The voltage that application -1V is arrived between+1.5V, ME-1#~ME-31#
Color presents blackish greenCeladonYellow greenIt is orange-yellowReversible change between orange red, illustrate to use the application
The low temperature prepares the V of colloidal sol combination electrochemical deposition preparation dropwise2O5Film has good color contrast, coloration efficiency
And cyclical stability.
Using ultraviolet-uisible spectrophotometer test ME-1 resulting in embodiment 11 under different voltages#/ ITO/ glass
Glass component~ME-31#The transmissivity of/ITO/ glass assemblies.With ME-1#For Typical Representative, ME-1#/ ITO/ glass assemblies are ultraviolet can
Transmitted spectrum is seen as shown in figure 4, as seen from the figure, optics modification scope of the film at 740nm reaches 66%.ME-2#/
ITO/ glass assemblies~ME-31#The UV, visible light transmitted spectrum and ME-1 of/ITO/ glass assemblies#/ ITO/ glass assemblies are similar.
Embodiment 15
MX-1 to be obtained in embodiment 12 respectively#~MX-31#Cyclic voltammetric performance evaluation is carried out, with MX-1#For allusion quotation
Type represents, and its cyclic voltammogram is as shown in figure 5, list the curve of the 2nd~50 circulation in Fig. 5.As seen from the figure, with
The increase of cycle-index, the cycle efficieny of film have no obvious reduction, illustrate V provided herein2O5Film, as lithium from
The electrode material of sub- battery, characteristic of semiconductor and layer structure are advantageous to ion transmission, the chemical property in polymer dielectric
It is stable, show good ion insertion/deintercalation invertibity and larger charge storage density.
It is described above, only it is several embodiments of the application, any type of limitation is not done to the application, although this Shen
Please with preferred embodiment disclose as above, but and be not used to limit the application, any person skilled in the art, do not taking off
In the range of technical scheme, make a little variation using the technology contents of the disclosure above or modification is equal to
Case study on implementation is imitated, is belonged in the range of technical scheme.
Claims (10)
- A kind of 1. method for preparing vanadium pentoxide sol, it is characterised in that methods described comprises the following steps：1) vanadic anhydride is mixed with water, obtains the mixture of vanadic anhydride and water；2) the first component is added by several times into the vanadic anhydride and the mixture of water obtained by step 1), mix, obtain five oxidations Two vanadium solutions；Wherein, hydrogen peroxide is contained in first component；3) it is aged after adding water into the vanadic anhydride solution obtained by step 2), obtains the vanadium pentoxide sol.
- 2. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that in step 2) the vanadic anhydride solution, five oxidations The ratio of two vanadium, water and hydrogen peroxide is 0.8~1.2:10~16:5~7；Preferably, in step 2) the vanadic anhydride solution, the mass ratio of vanadic anhydride, water and hydrogen peroxide is 1: 13:6。
- 3. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that water and five oxygen obtained by step 2) are added in step 3) The volume ratio for changing two vanadium solutions is 1~7:1；Preferably, the volume ratio for adding water and the vanadic anhydride solution obtained by step 2) is 2~5:1.
- 4. method as claimed in any of claims 1 to 3, it is characterised in that in the operation of step 2) and step 3) During also independently include stirring and/or ultrasound；The ultrasonic frequency is 25kHZ-55kHZ；Preferably, the ultrasonic frequency is 35kHz.
- 5. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that also contain water in first component；Preferably, mass content of the hydrogen peroxide in first component is 10% to 80%；It is highly preferred that the mistake Mass content of the hydrogen oxide in first component is 20% to 40%.
- 6. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that in step 2), add the amount of first component every time For 0.001ml to 1ml, the interval time for adding first component every time is 5s to 120s；Preferably, in step 2), the amount for adding first component every time is 0.01ml to 0.1ml, adds described every time The interval time of one component is 10s to 30s.
- 7. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that the operation temperature of the step 1), the operation temperature of step 2) Degree, a certain value of the operation temperature of step 3) in 1 DEG C to 100 DEG C；Preferably, the operation temperature of the step 1), the operation temperature of step 2), the operation temperature of step 3) are independently selected from 20 DEG C to a certain value in 80 DEG C.
- 8. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that the digestion time being aged described in step 3) is no less than 0.5 My god；Preferably, the digestion time being aged described in step 3) is 1 day to 10 days；It is highly preferred that the digestion time being aged described in step 3) is 2 days to 3 days.
- A kind of 9. vanadium pentoxide films, it is characterised in that five be prepared by any one of claim 1 to 8 methods described V 2 O colloidal sol is prepared by least one of electrochemical deposition method, spin coating method, dip-coating method.
- 10. application of the vanadium pentoxide films described in claim 9 in lithium ion battery.
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