CN107632402A - A kind of continuous/ultrafast micro imaging method of the mould of burst/difference three for real-time monitored micro-nano transient phenomena - Google Patents
A kind of continuous/ultrafast micro imaging method of the mould of burst/difference three for real-time monitored micro-nano transient phenomena Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of continuous/ultrafast micro imaging method of the mould of burst/difference three for real-time monitored micro-nano transient phenomena, a kind of light path converting module is specially provided, change laser direction, the femtosecond laser of same ultrafast pulsed laser device output is subjected to imaging by entering continuous imaging or burst imaging after light path converting module.When observing same micro-nano transient phenomena, fast dynamics under micro-nano environment can either be continuously captured, the enough significant instants in experiment of and can obtain the imaging that number frame time resolution capability reaches femtosecond magnitude.Increase phase detecting module, in same transient phenomena, the transparent part of sample can either be observed, and can enough observes the opaque section of sample.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of ultrafast imaging technique, more particularly to a kind of company for real-time monitored micro-nano transient phenomena
Continuous/ultrafast micro imaging method of the mould of burst/difference three.
Background technology
Traditional CCD and cmos imaging is most widely used imaging technique.CCD and CMOS clearly can not sensitively be caught
The dynamic for grasping ultrafast process occurs, and especially the object of observation of micro/nano-scale is imaged.Even if dynamic phenomenon is very slow, micro-nano
Very high temporal resolution is also required under yardstick.
Optical imagery common problem is：Frame per second is higher, and the photon collected by per frame is fewer.It is higher in order to obtain
Temporal resolution, it is common to use method be to reduce spatial resolution and using high power light source, but this is not preferable
Solution, optical noise can be not only produced, and when carrying out micro/nano-scale imaging, light concentrates on very small region, can
It can damage and be observed object.
Needing to observe in the occasion of transient phenomena, such as studying photochemistry, phonon, plasma physics and living cells egg
During the fast dynamics such as white matter, its observation not only needs to reach nanosecond (10-9S) continuous imaging of magnitude, it is also necessary to during number frame
Between resolution capability be femtosecond (10-15S) magnitude burst imaging, so as to the crucial moment of its research process carry out it is ultrashort when
Between be spaced continuous take pictures.However, current continuous imaging technology, can only achieve the level of nanosecond, and if experimental observation exists
The a certain moment needs the imaging for reaching femtosecond magnitude, then using pump probe technology and ultrafast burst imaging technique.Needing to see
Survey in the occasion of transient phenomena, in order to observe the fast dynamics of material, that is, need ultrafast continuous imaging, need again super
Fast burst imaging.
Further, when object being observed is when certain time period is highly transparent, light wave shakes after to be basically unchanged, only
The change of phase be present.And human eye can only differentiate the wavelength and amplitude of visible ray, it is impossible to distinguish the change of phase.Therefore, when same
One is observed object when the different periods occurring transparent and opaque, only aobvious using only ultrafast imaging technique or difference
Microtechnology can not meet observation requirementses.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to be directed to real-time monitored micro-nano transient phenomena, there is provided one kind shows for real-time monitored micro-nano transition
Continuous/ultrafast micro imaging method of the mould of burst/difference three of elephant, it is special can continuously to capture quick dynamic under micro-nano environment
Property, and can obtain the imaging that number frame time resolution capability reaches femtosecond magnitude in the significant instant of experiment.
To achieve these goals, continuous/burst/phase for real-time monitored micro-nano transient phenomena involved in the present invention
The poor ultrafast micro imaging method of three moulds, it is characterized in that：A kind of light path converting module is provided, changes laser direction, will be same
The femtosecond laser of one ultrafast pulsed laser device output is carried out by entering continuous imaging or burst imaging after light path converting module
Imaging, wherein, include phase detecting module in the image processing system of continuous imaging and burst imaging, for detecting
The transparent part of determinand.
Further, the light path converting module includes multiple upset mirrors.
Further, the light path converting module includes the first upset mirror, the second upset mirror and reflective mirror, the light path
The ultrafast burst imaging pulse of the ultrafast continuous imaging pulse interval dispersion compensation module and burst imaging of modular converter and continuous imaging
Time domain Shaping Module is collectively forming integrated bimodulus shaping pulse module, wherein：
First upset mirror is used to change femtosecond laser path, hence into ultrafast continuous imaging pulse interval dispersion compensation module or
The ultrafast burst imaging pulse time domain Shaping Module of person；
The reflective mirror is used to change the output laser of ultrafast continuous imaging pulse interval dispersion compensation module, it is acted on the
On two upset mirrors；
The second upset mirror is used for the laser of reflective mirror conversion or ultrafast burst imaging pulse time domain Shaping Module
The path for exporting laser changes the subsequent operation being imaged to continuous imaging or burst.
Yet further, the bimodulus shaping pulse module output end is additionally provided with the 3rd upset mirror, the 3rd upset
Mirror changes bimodulus shaping pulse module output laser the subsequent operation to continuous imaging or burst imaging.
The advantage of the invention is that：
1st, all it is conventional optical instrument used in this imaging method, is easy to implement.
2nd, when observing same micro-nano transient phenomena, fast dynamics under micro-nano environment can either be continuously captured,
The enough significant instants in experiment of and can obtain the imaging that number frame time resolution capability reaches femtosecond magnitude.Make full use of ultrafast femtosecond
The time-frequency characteristic of pulse, the double-mode imaging that can flexibly switch imaging mode is realized, can be according to application demand to ultrafast mistake
The whole continuous detections of Cheng Jinhang or the emphasis detection of particular point in time, and can real-time cuts detection methods.Will be a variety of independent
Detection mode organically combine, for retrofit process detection provide brand-new one-stop solution.
3rd, increase phase detecting module, in same transient phenomena, the transparent part of sample, and can either be observed
Enough observe the opaque section of sample.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of one embodiment of patent of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of pulse Shaping Module in structural representation；
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of ultrafast continuous imaging pulse interval dispersion compensation module；
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of ultrafast burst imaging pulse time domain Shaping Module；
Fig. 5 be structural representation intermediate frequency-when conversion with optical amplifier module；
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of continuous/ultrafast micro-imaging of the mould of burst/difference three.
In figure：101：Ultrafast pulsed laser device；102：The ultrafast anti-spatial dispersion module of continuous imaging pulse；103：Light path is accurate
Straight device；104：Bimodulus shaping pulse module；105：3rd upset mirror；106：Beam path alignment device；107：Convex lens；108：Observation pair
As；109：Frequently-when conversion with optical amplifier module；110：Single pixel photodiode；111：Reflective mirror；112：Scattered grating；
113：Alignment grating；114：Pulse after the shaping of spatial domain；115：Image processing system.
201：Femtosecond pulse；202：First upset mirror；203：Ultrafast continuous imaging pulse interval dispersion compensation module；204：It is ultrafast
Happen suddenly imaging pulse time domain Shaping Module；205：Reflective mirror；206：Second upset mirror.
301：Collimater；302：Convex lens；303：Convex lens；304：Cylindrical mirror；305：Virtual image phased array；306：Diffraction
Grating.
401：Pulse stretcher；402：Laser pulse after broadening；403：Wide wavestrip speculum；404：Grating；405：Thoroughly
Mirror；406：Spatial light modulator；407：Lens；408：Grating；409：Wide wavestrip speculum；410：More height after time domain shaping
Pulse.
501：Erbium-doped fiber amplifier；502：Raman pump；503：Wavelength division multiplexer；504：Dispersion compensating fiber；505：
Wavelength division multiplexer；506：Raman pump.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail with specific implementation below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings：
Continuous/mould of burst/difference three for real-time monitored micro-nano transient phenomena designed by the present invention it is ultrafast it is micro- into
Image space method, it is specially：A kind of light path converting module is provided, changes laser direction, by flying for same ultrafast pulsed laser device output
Second laser carries out imaging by entering continuous imaging or burst imaging after light path converting module, wherein, continuous imaging and
Include phase detecting module in the image processing system of burst imaging, for detecting the transparent part of determinand.
Wherein, the light path converting module includes multiple upset mirrors.Light path converting module is turned over including first in the present embodiment
The ultrafast continuous imaging pulse interval dispersion compensation module of tilting mirror, the second upset mirror and reflective mirror, light path converting module and continuous imaging
Integrated bimodulus shaping pulse module is collectively forming with the ultrafast burst imaging pulse time domain Shaping Module of burst imaging, its
In：
First upset mirror is used to change femtosecond laser path, hence into ultrafast continuous imaging pulse interval dispersion compensation module or
The ultrafast burst imaging pulse time domain Shaping Module of person；
The reflective mirror is used to change the output laser of ultrafast continuous imaging pulse interval dispersion compensation module, it is acted on the
On two upset mirrors；
The second upset mirror is used for the laser of reflective mirror conversion or ultrafast burst imaging pulse time domain Shaping Module
The path for exporting laser changes the subsequent operation being imaged to continuous imaging or burst.
For convenience of the arrangement of subsequent operation, bimodulus shaping pulse module output end is additionally provided with the 3rd upset mirror, and described the
Three upset mirrors change bimodulus shaping pulse module output laser the subsequent operation to continuous imaging or burst imaging.
The specific implementation process of the present invention is as follows：
As shown in drawings, the ultrafast micro imaging method of three moulds of the invention includes b points of light path a and light path b, light path a and light path
Continuous imaging is not represented and burst is imaged, and the two overturns mirror 206 by the first upset mirror 202, second and switched over.Specially：
It is light path a when the first upset mirror 202, second, which overturns mirror 206, goes to horizontal level；When the first upset mirror 202, second is overturn
It is light path b when mirror 206 goes to 45 degree.
Its light path a is moved towards：First, ultrafast pulsed laser device 101 is used to export femtosecond laser；Then, by collimater
103 enter ultrafast continuous imaging pulse interval dispersion compensation module 203 in bimodulus shaping pulse modules 104, by collimater 301 to ultrashort
Pulse adjusts spot size by lens group (302,303), into by post lens 304, virtual image phased array 305 and diffraction grating
The dispersion element of 306 compositions, pulse spatially deploy according to frequency, form rainbow hot spot；Then, by the 3rd upset He of mirror 105
The lens 107 of collimater 106, rainbow hot spot are converged on sample 108；Then, by diffusing reflection, the pulse after coding is ultrafast continuous
The anti-spatial dispersion module 102 of imaging pulse, rainbow hot spot are reduced into short pulse, into the conversion of frequency-when and optical amplifier module
109, the information of frequency domain is transformed into time domain, because the irreflexive optical signal of object of observation is very faint and frequency spectrum is wider,
Frequently-when conversion before carry out bandpass filtering, and pass through erbium-doped fiber amplifier 501 and distributed raman amplification, specially Raman
Pumping 502,506, wavelength division multiplexer 503, dispersion compensating fiber 504, wavelength division multiplexer 505 are realized；Finally, the time domain letter of light beam
Breath passes through the opto-electronic conversion of photodiode 110, phase detecting module and image processing system 115, obtains the continuous of nanosecond order
Imaging.
Its light path b is moved towards：First, ultrafast pulsed laser device 101 is used to export femtosecond laser；Then, by collimater
103 enter ultrafast burst imaging pulse time domain Shaping Module 204 in bimodulus shaping pulse module 104, and speculum is passed through in pulse 402
Light beam will be passed through liquid crystalline phase by beam emissions to grating 404, grating 404 by 403 according to frequency spread, lens 405 after beam collimation
Position delayer 406, liquid crystal phase retarders 406 carry out frequency domain Fourier transformation so as to carry out time domain shaping to light beam.Shaping light
Beam, and the more sub- arteries and veins after speculum 409 forms time domain shaping are focused and close by lens 407 and grating 408
Punching 410.The frequency spectrum of former laser pulse 402 is divided into some sections on frequency domain, and each wave band forms a subpulse, after time domain shaping
Multiple subpulses 410 there is different time intervals；Then, multiple subpulses 410 after time domain shaping pass sequentially through the 3rd
Mirror 105 and the lens 107 of collimater 106 are overturn, are converged on sample 108, and the two-dimensional image information of target surface is encoded
Onto these pulse spectrums, due to having certain time interval between subpulse, so these subpulses will encode it is extremely short
Information in time at different moments, condition is provided for ultrafast burst imaging；Then, reflective mirror is passed through by diffusing reflection, during return
111st, scattered grating 112 and alignment grating 113, the spectrum of subpulse different frequency is spatially evenly distributed；Finally by
Phase detecting module and image processing system 115 obtain the imaging that time resolution is femtosecond magnitude.
All it is conventional optical instrument used in the imaging method of the present invention, is easy to implement.Observing same micro-nano transient phenomena
When, fast dynamics under micro-nano environment can either be continuously captured, when the enough significant instants in experiment of and can obtain number frame
Between resolution capability reach the imaging of femtosecond magnitude.The time-frequency characteristic of ultrafast femtosecond pulse is made full use of, realizing flexibly to cut
The double-mode imaging of imaging mode is changed, whole continuous detection or particular point in time can be carried out to ultrafast process according to application demand
Emphasis detection, and can real-time cuts detection methods.A variety of individually detection modes are organically combined, added to be fine
The detection of work process provides brand-new one-stop solution.Increase phase detecting module in the present invention, show in same transition
As in, the transparent part of sample can either be observed, and can enough observes the opaque section of sample.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of continuous/ultrafast micro imaging method of the mould of burst/difference three for real-time monitored micro-nano transient phenomena, its feature
It is：A kind of light path converting module is provided, changes laser direction, the femtosecond laser that same ultrafast pulsed laser device exports is passed through
Enter continuous imaging after light path converting module or burst imaging carries out imaging, wherein, continuous imaging and burst imaging
Include phase detecting module in image processing system, for detecting the transparent part of determinand.
2. continuous/mould of burst/difference three according to claim 1 for real-time monitored micro-nano transient phenomena is ultrafast micro-
Imaging method, it is characterised in that：The light path converting module includes multiple upset mirrors.
3. continuous/mould of burst/difference three according to claim 2 for real-time monitored micro-nano transient phenomena is ultrafast micro-
Imaging method, it is characterised in that：The light path converting module includes the first upset mirror, the second upset mirror and reflective mirror, the light
The ultrafast burst imaging arteries and veins of the ultrafast continuous imaging pulse interval dispersion compensation module and burst imaging of road modular converter and continuous imaging
Rush time domain Shaping Module and be collectively forming integrated bimodulus shaping pulse module, wherein：
First upset mirror is used to change femtosecond laser path, hence into ultrafast continuous imaging pulse interval dispersion compensation module or super
Fast burst imaging pulse time domain Shaping Module；
The reflective mirror is used for the output laser for changing ultrafast continuous imaging pulse interval dispersion compensation module, it is acted on second and turns over
On tilting mirror；
The second upset mirror is used for the laser of reflective mirror conversion or ultrafast burst imaging pulse time domain Shaping Module output
The path of laser changes the subsequent operation to continuous imaging or burst imaging.
4. continuous/mould of burst/difference three according to claim 3 for real-time monitored micro-nano transient phenomena is ultrafast micro-
Imaging method, it is characterised in that：The bimodulus shaping pulse module output end is additionally provided with the 3rd upset mirror, the 3rd upset
Mirror changes bimodulus shaping pulse module output laser the subsequent operation to continuous imaging or burst imaging.
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| CN201710936452.4A CN107632402B (en) | 2017-10-10 | 2017-10-10 | It is a kind of for observing continuous/ultrafast micro imaging method of three mould of burst/difference of micro-nano transient phenomena in real time |
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| CN201710936452.4A CN107632402B (en) | 2017-10-10 | 2017-10-10 | It is a kind of for observing continuous/ultrafast micro imaging method of three mould of burst/difference of micro-nano transient phenomena in real time |
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| CN108956432A (en) * | 2018-08-10 | 2018-12-07 | 武汉大学 | A kind of streaming high speed super-resolution imaging device and method based on structure light |
| CN109100304A (en) * | 2018-08-10 | 2018-12-28 | 武汉大学 | A kind of single pixel high speed super-resolution imaging device and method stretched based on time domain |
| WO2022057710A1 (en) * | 2020-09-16 | 2022-03-24 | 飞秒激光研究中心（广州）有限公司 | Laser pulse shaping apparatus and method, and pulse shaper and optical system |
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| CN104375374A (en) * | 2014-11-25 | 2015-02-25 | 北京理工大学 | Ultra-fast continuous electron dynamic state observation device and method based on frequency domain space-time transformation |
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| CN108956432A (en) * | 2018-08-10 | 2018-12-07 | 武汉大学 | A kind of streaming high speed super-resolution imaging device and method based on structure light |
| CN109100304A (en) * | 2018-08-10 | 2018-12-28 | 武汉大学 | A kind of single pixel high speed super-resolution imaging device and method stretched based on time domain |
| CN108956432B (en) * | 2018-08-10 | 2020-08-07 | 武汉大学 | Flow type high-speed super-resolution imaging device and method based on structured light |
| WO2022057710A1 (en) * | 2020-09-16 | 2022-03-24 | 飞秒激光研究中心（广州）有限公司 | Laser pulse shaping apparatus and method, and pulse shaper and optical system |
| US11796846B2 (en) | 2020-09-16 | 2023-10-24 | Femtosecond Research Center Co., Ltd. | Laser pulse shaping device and method, pulse shaper, and optical system |
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