CN107629820B - Gasification furnace and gasification method suitable for common gasification of multiple fuels - Google Patents
Gasification furnace and gasification method suitable for common gasification of multiple fuels Download PDFInfo
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- CN107629820B CN107629820B CN201710868210.6A CN201710868210A CN107629820B CN 107629820 B CN107629820 B CN 107629820B CN 201710868210 A CN201710868210 A CN 201710868210A CN 107629820 B CN107629820 B CN 107629820B
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Abstract
The gasification method comprises the steps of starting the gasification furnace in two stages, preheating the gasification chamber to a specified temperature, putting materials into the gasification reaction from the main nozzle, and putting auxiliary fuel from the auxiliary nozzle until the yield of the synthetic gas reaches a stable level.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of gasification systems, and particularly relates to a gasification furnace and a gasification method suitable for common gasification of multiple fuels.
Background
The gasification process is a process in which a solid or liquid fuel is passed through a gasification agent (includingBut are not limited to, oxygen, hydrogen, air, steam, etc.), to produce synthesis gas (the primary components comprising CO, H 2 、CH 4 ) Is a process of (2). The synthetic gas generated by gasification can be prepared into clean synthetic gas to be supplied to a gas-steam combined cycle power generation system for use through the purification processes of dry dedusting, wet washing, desulfurization and the like. The gasification power generation flow avoids a large amount of dust generated by the traditional direct combustion power generation, and has higher heat efficiency and less discharged pollutants. The industrialized gasification technology mainly comprises a fixed bed, a fluidized bed, an entrained flow bed and the like, wherein the entrained flow bed is the main stream of the current coal gasification technology development, and has the characteristics of high gasification temperature, high gasification pressure, large single-furnace treatment capacity and the like. In order to ensure the gasification efficiency, the reaction temperature in the gasification furnace is generally higher than the melting point of ash in the fuel, so that the entrained flow gasification furnace mostly adopts a liquid slag discharging mode. According to different feeding modes, the coal water slurry is divided into dry coal powder, the coal water slurry gasification requires that the pulping performance of the fuel is good (for example, the concentration of the coal water slurry is not lower than 60 percent), the refractory brick structure requires that the ash melting point of the fuel is low (generally not higher than 1400 ℃), the dry coal powder gasification has no limitation of the pulping performance, and the water wall structure can be suitable for fuels with ash melting points as high as 1600-1700 ℃. In order to improve the fuel adaptability of the gasifier, the gasifier with a dry powder feeding and water-cooled wall structure is suitable for use. However, due to the complex components of coal, the impurity content is also higher, and especially the ash content, ash fusion point, slag formation characteristics and the like of different coal types are different, in order to ensure that the gasifier is used for slag discharge smoothly, the coal type is generally not recommended to be replaced, or the coal is required to be accurately blended according to the characteristics of the coal quality, so that the advantages of feeding dry coal dust and strong adaptability of the coal type of the gasifier with a water-cooled wall structure are offset. On the other hand, as direct combustion causes the emission of large amounts of fine particulate matter, with the increasing pressure of environmental protection at present, the efficient environmental treatment of large amounts of biomass and municipal sludge produced annually, as well as aqueous solid waste from specific industries (including but not limited to coking), is in urgent need for non-direct combustion solutions. Gasification is a proper indirect combustion for treating biomass, municipal sludge and solid waste in specific industries due to high heat efficiency and low pollutionBut because biomass, municipal sludge, solid waste in other specific industries and the like have high volatile contents, the independent gasification temperature is lower, and the tar content in gasification products is higher.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the two problems, namely improving the adaptability of coal types, particularly using high ash content and high ash fusion point coal types and efficiently gasifying biomass, municipal sludge and solid waste in specific industries, the invention provides a gasification furnace configuration which uses a mature gasification scheme to widen the adaptability of solid fuels such as high ash content and high ash fusion point coal, biomass, municipal sludge and solid waste in other specific industries and a gasification method aiming at the fuels.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides a gasifier suitable for multiple fuel gasification jointly is provided with slag discharging system in gasifier furnace body lower extreme, its characterized in that, open at the different elevation of gasifier furnace body and be linked together with gasification chamber 93:
a main nozzle 11 for injecting a main fuel into the gasification chamber 93;
an auxiliary nozzle for injecting auxiliary fuel into the gasification chamber 93;
the method comprises the steps of,
the temperature measuring hole is matched with a thermocouple to monitor the temperature of the main nozzle 11 and the auxiliary nozzle in the gasification furnace, so that the input rate is adjusted according to the temperature.
The gasification furnace body is cylindrical and consists of a pressure-bearing shell 91 and a gasification chamber 93, wherein the pressure-bearing shell 91 and the gasification chamber 93 are concentric circles, and the gasification chamber 93 is a main container for gasification reaction of fuel and gasifying agent. A water-cooled wall 92 is arranged between the pressure-bearing shell 91 and the gasification chamber 93 and close to the outer wall of the gasification chamber 93, and a refractory material layer 94 is covered on one side of the water-cooled wall 92 close to the gasification chamber 93.
At the same elevation, the plurality of main nozzles 11 are circumferentially symmetrically arranged, and at the same elevation, the plurality of auxiliary nozzles are circumferentially symmetrically arranged.
The main nozzle 11 and the auxiliary nozzle are horizontally arranged; alternatively, the main nozzles 11 are arranged horizontally and the auxiliary nozzles are arranged inclined downwards at an angle, preferably 15 °.
The main nozzle 11 and the auxiliary nozzle adopt a double-layer sleeve structure, the outlet end is of a conical structure, a fuel channel 101 is arranged in the inner cylinder, a gasifying agent channel 102 is arranged between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder, a fuel swirl plate 103 is arranged at the nozzle of the fuel channel 101, and a gasifying agent swirl plate 104 is arranged at the nozzle of the gasifying agent channel 102 so as to increase the residence time of fuel and gasifying agent in the gasifying furnace.
The main nozzles 11 are arranged in one layer, the auxiliary nozzles are arranged in two layers, namely an upper auxiliary nozzle 12 positioned above the main nozzles 11 and a lower auxiliary nozzle 10 positioned below the main nozzles 11, and the temperature measuring holes are arranged in two layers, namely a lower temperature measuring hole 51 positioned between the main nozzles 11 and the lower auxiliary nozzle 10 and an upper temperature measuring hole 52 positioned above the upper auxiliary nozzle 12.
The temperature measuring hole penetrates through the water-cooled wall 92 to the outer surface of the refractory material layer 94, one end-sealed high-temperature-resistant steel pipe 53 is lined in the temperature measuring hole, and a gap between the high-temperature-resistant steel pipe 53 and the temperature measuring hole is sealed by graphite.
The invention also provides a gasification method based on the gasification furnace suitable for the common gasification of multiple fuels, which comprises the following steps of:
the gasification chamber 93 is preheated to a specified temperature, preferably 1300-1500 ℃, and the materials are fed from the main nozzle 11 to carry out gasification reaction, and when the yield of the synthesis gas 39 reaches a stable level, i.e. the fluctuation is less than 5%, and the slag 40 can be smoothly discharged from the lower part of the gasification furnace, auxiliary fuel is fed from the auxiliary nozzle, and the feeding rate is adjusted according to the temperature measured from the temperature measuring hole.
The auxiliary fuel comprises high ash content high ash fusion point coal and solid waste, wherein the high ash content high ash fusion point coal is gradually input from the lower auxiliary nozzle 10, the solid waste is gradually input from the upper auxiliary nozzle 12, the input rate is adjusted according to the temperatures measured from the upper temperature measuring hole 52 and the lower temperature measuring hole 51, and the temperature fluctuation of the two measuring points is kept to be no more than 5%.
The auxiliary fuel accounts for the mass of the total fuelRatio y aux The following functional relationship should be satisfied:
in which Q p Heat productivity per unit mass of main fuel coal, Q aux To convert the heat productivity of the auxiliary fuel per unit mass, the heat productivity of different auxiliary fuels needs to be converted by adopting a linear relation, namely Q aux =xq, x is a conversion coefficient, Q is the real heat generation amount per unit mass of the auxiliary fuel.
Compared with the prior art, the invention improves the adaptability and flexibility of the gasifier to fuel on the basis of the prior gasification technology, in particular to the adaptability to some high ash content and high ash fusion point coal types, biomass, municipal sludge and solid waste in specific industries, and does not need to be blended in advance. For high ash content and high ash fusion point coal, biomass, municipal sludge and solid waste in specific industries are not required to be continuously supplied, namely, the fuel can be put into operation at any time, even if the fuel is stopped, the safe operation of the gasifier is not affected, and the method has great advantages for the treatment of biomass and municipal sludge which are difficult to ensure quality and quantity.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the gasification furnace according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic plan view of a nozzle arrangement of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the auxiliary nozzle arrangement of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of a temperature porosimetry according to the invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the internal flow field of the gasifier according to the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the internal temperature field of the gasifier according to the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the start-up mode of the gasification furnace according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
The invention relates to a gasification furnace suitable for common gasification of multiple fuels, wherein a slag discharging system is arranged at the lower end of a gasification furnace body, a main nozzle 11, an auxiliary nozzle and a temperature measuring hole which are communicated with a gasification chamber 93 are arranged at different elevations of the gasification furnace body, and a thermocouple is matched in the temperature measuring hole to monitor the internal temperature of the gasification furnace.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the gasification furnace body is cylindrical and is composed of a pressure-bearing shell 91 and a gasification chamber 93 inside the pressure-bearing shell 91, which are concentric circles, and the gasification chamber 93 is a main container for the gasification reaction of fuel and gasifying agent. A water-cooled wall 92 is arranged between the pressure-bearing shell 91 and the gasification chamber 93 and close to the outer wall of the gasification chamber 93, and a refractory material layer 94 is covered on one side of the water-cooled wall 92 close to the gasification chamber 93.
In the present embodiment, the main nozzles 11 are arranged in one layer, the auxiliary nozzles are arranged in two layers, that is, the upper auxiliary nozzles 12 located above the main nozzles 11 and the lower auxiliary nozzles 10 located below the main nozzles 11, respectively, and the temperature measuring holes are arranged in two layers, that is, the lower temperature measuring holes 51 located between the main nozzles 11 and the lower auxiliary nozzles 10 and the upper temperature measuring holes 52 located above the upper auxiliary nozzles 12, respectively, located upstream of the lower auxiliary nozzles 10 and the upper auxiliary nozzles 12, respectively. Each lower temperature measuring hole 51 is positioned to accurately reflect the temperature change of the lower auxiliary nozzle 10, and each upper temperature measuring hole 52 is positioned to accurately reflect the temperature change of the upper auxiliary nozzle 12.
As shown in fig. 2, the main nozzles 11 and the auxiliary nozzles are symmetrically arranged in the circumferential direction, that is, at the same elevation, four nozzles are respectively arranged on the circumference of the outer wall of the gasifier at an angle of 90 ° (as shown in fig. 2 a), or two nozzles are arranged on the circumference of the outer wall of the gasifier at an angle of 180 ° (as shown in fig. 2 b). As an example, as shown in fig. 1, the upper auxiliary nozzle 12 and the lower auxiliary nozzle 10 are disposed at a distance above and below the main nozzle 11, respectively, and may be disposed horizontally. Alternatively, the auxiliary nozzle may be arranged as shown in fig. 3, i.e. inclined downwardly at an angle, e.g. 15 °.
As shown in figure 3, the internal structures of the main nozzle 11 and the auxiliary nozzle adopt a double-layer sleeve structure, the outlet end is of a conical structure, a fuel channel 101 is arranged in the inner cylinder, a gasifying agent channel 102 is arranged between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder, a fuel swirl plate 103 is arranged at the nozzle of the fuel channel 101, and a gasifying agent swirl plate 104 is arranged at the nozzle of the gasifying agent channel 102 so as to increase the residence time of fuel and gasifying agent in the gasification furnace.
Referring to FIG. 4, the temperature measuring holes of the present invention pass through the water wall 92 to the outer surface of the refractory layer 94 (proximate to the gasification chamber 93) in order to measure the internal temperature of the gasifier as accurately as possible. Meanwhile, in order to prevent ash from condensing on the head of the thermocouple, the thermocouple is damaged, a high-temperature resistant steel pipe 53 with one end closed is lined in the temperature measuring hole, and a gap between the high-temperature resistant steel pipe 53 and the temperature measuring hole is sealed by graphite.
The invention adopts a mode of feeding respectively, namely, main fuel coal and gasifying agent are injected from the main nozzle 11 to enter the gasifying chamber 93 for gasification reaction, a large amount of heat is discharged, meanwhile, a backflow area is formed below the plane of the main nozzle 11, auxiliary fuel high ash and high ash fusion point coal and corresponding gasifying agent are respectively injected from the lower auxiliary nozzle 10, the gasification reaction is fully utilized by high temperature generated by the gasification of the main fuel, and the residence time of auxiliary fuel high ash and high ash fusion point coal in the area is increased due to the influence of the backflow area below the plane of the main nozzle 11 and the downward inclination and the swirl plate of the lower auxiliary nozzle 10, so that volatile matters in the auxiliary fuel high ash and high ash fusion point coal are completely removed as much as possible, and fixed carbon is completely consumed as much as possible, so that generated slag is controlled below the plane of the main nozzle 11, and is smoothly discharged from the gasifying furnace. Because biomass, municipal sludge and other solid waste in specific industries contain more volatile matters, the fixed carbon content is low, the calorific value is lower than that of common gasified coal, and independent gasification is easy to coke, the biomass, municipal sludge and other solid waste can be injected into the gasification chamber 93 through the upper auxiliary nozzle 12, and the corresponding gasifying agent can be injected into the gasification chamber through the upper auxiliary nozzle 12, so that the high temperature generated by gasifying the main fuel in the area can be fully utilized, and meanwhile, the residence time of the fuels in the area is prolonged due to the downward inclination of the upper auxiliary nozzle 12 and the influence of the swirl plates, so that the volatile matters can be completely removed and completely gasified as far as possible, the coking is avoided, and meanwhile, the serious influence on the gasification of the main fuel due to the lower calorific value can be avoided.
Referring to fig. 7, the present invention adopts the gasification furnace shown in fig. 1 to operate in the following manner: the main fuel of the gasification furnace is coal, preferably dry ash-free volatile (V daf ) Bituminous coals with a content of 30-40% have a ash Fusion Temperature (FT) not higher than 1250 ℃, preferably 1210 ℃. The auxiliary fuel can select coal with high ash content and high ash fusion point, namely ash content (A ar ) Greater than 20wt%, ash Fusion Temperature (FT) greater than 1300 ℃, less than 1500 ℃, or biomass, municipal sludge, and other specific industry (including but not limited to coking) solid waste. The main fuel coal of the gasification furnace is dried and ground into a certain fineness and stored in a pulverized coal storage bin. The average diameter of the pulverized coal as the main fuel of the gasification furnace is less than 100 mu m, and the water content is less than 2wt%. The auxiliary fuel of the gasification furnace, high ash content and high ash fusion point coal, biomass, municipal sludge or other solid waste in specific industries are ground into a certain fineness and stored in a storage bin, and the fineness of the auxiliary fuel is properly smaller than that of the main fuel coal. With inert gas (N) 2 Or CO 2 ) The pulverized coal of the main fuel which is transported and ground to a certain fineness is injected into the gasification chamber 93 through the fuel channel in the main nozzle 11 of the gasification furnace, and the gasifying agent O is simultaneously injected 2 ，H 2 O is also injected into the gasification chamber 93 through the gasification agent channel in the gasification furnace main nozzle 11, the gasification operation pressure is 2.5-3.5MPa, preferably 3MPa, and the coal dust and the gasification agent are chemically reacted in the gasification furnace to generate CO and H 2 Synthesis gas, which is the main component, simultaneously releases a large amount of heat energy. The flow of the gas in the gasifier is shown in fig. 5, the temperature in the gasifier is distributed along the central axis of the gasifier at a relative height, and as shown in fig. 6, it is seen that a large reflux area is formed by the gas at a distance above and below the main nozzle 11 (about 0.13 at a relative height), and the gasification temperature in this area is higher than 1400 ℃. The auxiliary fuel is also supplied with inert gas (N 2 Or CO 2 ) Transport is injected into the gasification chamber 93 via the fuel channel of the gasification furnace lower auxiliary nozzle 10, upper auxiliary nozzle 12, simultaneously with gasification agent O 2 ，H 2 O is injected into the gasification chamber 93 through gasification agent channels in the lower auxiliary nozzle 10 and the upper auxiliary nozzle 12 of the gasification furnace for assistanceUnder the high temperature effect generated by the gasification of the main fuel, the fuel can undergo gasification reaction to generate synthesis gas. The high ash fusion point coal may be fed with inert gas (N) through the lower auxiliary nozzle 10 as shown in fig. 1 2 Or CO 2 ) Transporting and injecting into gasification furnace, and corresponding gasifying agent O 2 And H 2 O is also injected into the gasification chamber 93 from the gasification agent channel in the nozzle, because the lower auxiliary nozzle 10 is provided with a swirl plate, and the angle of the lower auxiliary nozzle 10 is slightly inclined downwards, preferably the horizontal angle of the central line of the nozzle is-15 degrees, so that the residence time of auxiliary fuel in the lower part of the gasification furnace (relatively higher than 0.12) is increased, and the residence time of auxiliary fuel high ash fusion point coal is increased due to downward reflux formed by the main fuel injected by the main nozzle 11, the high temperature generated by the main fuel gasification is fully utilized, the volatile matters in the auxiliary fuel high ash fusion point coal are completely removed as far as possible, the fixed carbon is completely consumed as far as possible, most of generated slag is controlled below the plane of the main nozzle 11, and because the temperature of the area is higher than 1400 ℃, slag generated by the high ash fusion point coal with the ash Fusion Temperature (FT) lower than the temperature is discharged downwards along the inner wall surface of the gasification furnace in a liquid state, if the ash Fusion Temperature (FT) is higher than the temperature, a certain fluxing agent, preferably lime melting temperature can be properly added in the high ash fusion point coal, so as to reduce the ash fusion temperature. Since biomass, municipal sludge and other solid waste of specific industries contain more volatile components and have a smaller fixed carbon content, and thus the calorific value is lower than that of the conventional gasified coal, inert gas (N) can be supplied from the upper auxiliary nozzle 12 as shown in fig. 1 to the fuel passage 2 Or CO 2 ) Is transported and injected into the gasification chamber 93, and the corresponding gasifying agent O 2 And H 2 O is also injected into the gasification chamber 93 from the gasification agent channel in the nozzle, the high temperature generated by the gasification of the main fuel in the area is fully utilized, meanwhile, due to the downward inclination of the upper auxiliary nozzle 12 (preferably the horizontal angle of the central line of the nozzle is-15 DEG) and the influence of the cyclone sheet, the residence time of biomass, municipal sludge and other solid waste in the area is also increased, the volatile components can be completely removed and completely gasified as far as possible, the coking is avoided, and meanwhile, the heat productivity is not higherLow and has a severe impact on the gasification of the main fuel. The specific location of the upper secondary nozzle 12 is preferably set at a location where the carbon conversion of the primary fuel is approximately 100%, i.e., at a relative height of about 0.38 of the gasifier shown in fig. 1.
The gasification furnace is started in two stages, namely, the gasification chamber 93 is preheated to a specified temperature, preferably 1300-1500 ℃, pulverized coal, oxygen, water vapor and other materials are added from the main nozzle 10 for gasification reaction, the fluctuation of the yield of the synthesis gas 39 reaches a stable level, namely, less than 5%, meanwhile, the slag 40 can be smoothly discharged from the lower part of the gasification furnace, then high ash content high ash melting point coal can be gradually added from the lower auxiliary nozzle 10, and simultaneously, biomass, municipal sludge and other solid waste in specific industries can also be gradually added from the upper auxiliary nozzle 12. The injection rate of the auxiliary fuel through the lower auxiliary nozzle 10 and the upper auxiliary nozzle 12 should be adjusted according to the temperatures measured from the lower temperature measuring hole 51 and the upper temperature measuring hole 52, keeping the temperature fluctuation of the two measuring points not more than 5%. In addition, it is necessary to monitor slag discharge, and in particular, to ensure smooth slag discharge for high ash content and high ash fusion point coal input.
To achieve maximum gasification efficiency, with carbon conversion approaching a 100% level, it is desirable to limit the ratio of secondary fuel to primary fuel. The auxiliary fuel accounts for the mass fraction y of the total fuel aux The following relationship needs to be satisfied
In which Q p Heat productivity per unit mass of main fuel coal, Q aux To convert the heat quantity of the auxiliary fuel per unit mass, the heat quantity of different auxiliary fuels needs to be converted, and a simple linear relation, namely Q, can be adopted aux =xq, x is a conversion coefficient, Q is the real heat generation amount per unit mass of the auxiliary fuel.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a gasifier suitable for multiple fuel gasification jointly is provided with slag discharging system in gasifier furnace body lower extreme, its characterized in that, open at gasifier furnace body different elevations have and be linked together with gasification chamber (93):
a main nozzle (11) for injecting a main fuel into the gasification chamber (93);
an auxiliary nozzle for injecting auxiliary fuel into the gasification chamber (93);
the method comprises the steps of,
a temperature measuring hole is matched with a thermocouple to monitor the temperature of a main nozzle (11) and an auxiliary nozzle in the gasification furnace;
wherein the main nozzle (11) is provided with one layer, the auxiliary nozzles are provided with two layers, namely an upper auxiliary nozzle (12) positioned above the main nozzle (11) and a lower auxiliary nozzle (10) positioned below the main nozzle (11), and the temperature measuring holes are provided with two layers, namely a lower temperature measuring hole (51) positioned between the main nozzle (11) and the lower auxiliary nozzle (10) and an upper temperature measuring hole (52) positioned above the upper auxiliary nozzle (12);
the main nozzle (11) is used for injecting main fuel coal and gasifying agent into the gasifying chamber (93) to perform gasification reaction, emit heat and form a backflow area below the plane of the main nozzle (11);
the lower auxiliary nozzle (10) is used for spraying high ash content and high ash fusion point coal and corresponding gasifying agent after the backflow area is formed, and the high temperature generated by the gasification of the main fuel is fully utilized to generate gasification reaction;
the upper auxiliary nozzle (12) is used for spraying solid waste and corresponding gasifying agent after the backflow area is formed, and the high temperature generated by the gasification of the main fuel is fully utilized to generate gasification reaction.
2. The gasifier according to claim 1, wherein the gasifier body is cylindrical and comprises a pressure-bearing shell (91) and a gasification chamber (93) arranged in concentric circles inside the pressure-bearing shell (91), a water cooling wall (92) is arranged between the pressure-bearing shell (91) and the gasification chamber (93) and close to the outer wall of the gasification chamber (93), and a refractory material layer (94) is coated on one side of the water cooling wall (92) close to the gasification chamber (93).
3. A gasifier suitable for co-gasification of multiple fuels according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of primary nozzles (11) are circumferentially symmetrically arranged at the same elevation and the plurality of secondary nozzles are circumferentially symmetrically arranged at the same elevation.
4. A gasifier suitable for co-gasification of a plurality of fuels according to claim 1 or 3, wherein the primary nozzles (11) and secondary nozzles are both arranged horizontally; alternatively, the main nozzles (11) are arranged horizontally and the auxiliary nozzles are arranged inclined downwardly at an angle.
5. A gasifier suitable for co-gasifying multiple fuels according to claim 1 or 3, wherein the main nozzle (11) and the auxiliary nozzle adopt a double-layer sleeve structure, the outlet end is in a conical structure, a fuel channel (101) is arranged in the inner cylinder, a gasifying agent channel (102) is arranged between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder, a fuel swirl plate (103) is arranged at the nozzle of the fuel channel (101), and a gasifying agent swirl plate (104) is arranged at the nozzle of the gasifying agent channel (102) for increasing the residence time of the fuel and gasifying agent in the gasifier.
6. The gasifier for co-gasification of multiple fuels according to claim 2, wherein the temperature measuring hole penetrates through the water-cooled wall (92) to the outer surface of the refractory material layer (94), a high temperature resistant steel tube (53) with a closed end is arranged in the temperature measuring hole, and a gap between the high temperature resistant steel tube (53) and the temperature measuring hole is sealed by graphite.
7. The gasification method based on the gasification furnace applicable to the common gasification of a plurality of fuels according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the gasification furnace is started in two stages, and the specific steps are as follows:
the gasification chamber (93) is preheated to a specified temperature, materials are put into the gasification reaction from the main nozzle (11), the yield of the synthesis gas (39) reaches a stable level, namely fluctuation is less than 5%, meanwhile, the slag (40) can be smoothly discharged from the lower part of the gasification furnace, auxiliary fuel is put into the gasification chamber from the auxiliary nozzle, and the input rate is adjusted according to the temperature measured from the temperature measuring hole.
8. A gasification process according to claim 7 wherein the support fuel comprises high ash fusion point coal and solid waste, the high ash fusion point coal being progressively dosed from the lower support nozzles (10) and the solid waste being progressively dosed from the upper support nozzles (12), the rate of dosing being adjusted in dependence on the temperature measured from the upper temperature measuring holes (52) and the lower temperature measuring holes (51) keeping these two measuring points at a temperature fluctuation of not more than 5%.
9. A gasification process according to claim 7 or 8 wherein the co-fuel comprises the mass ratio y of total fuel aux The following functional relationship should be satisfied:
in which Q p Heat productivity per unit mass of main fuel coal, Q aux To convert the heat productivity of the auxiliary fuel per unit mass, the heat productivity of different auxiliary fuels needs to be converted by adopting a linear relation, namely Q aux =xq, x is a conversion coefficient, Q is the real heat generation amount per unit mass of the auxiliary fuel.
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| CN104711032A (en) * | 2015-02-26 | 2015-06-17 | 南京创能电力科技开发有限公司 | High-temperature plasma waste gasification and cracking furnace |
| CN106190327A (en) * | 2016-09-12 | 2016-12-07 | 中国华能集团公司 | A kind of flying dust and the coal gasification of waste water recirculation, cleaning system and method |
| CN207537403U (en) * | 2017-09-22 | 2018-06-26 | 中国华能集团公司 | A kind of gasification furnace suitable for pluralities of fuel co-gasification |
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