CN107607405A - A kind of standard penetrometer and operating method for the test of deep soil loaded deformation - Google Patents
A kind of standard penetrometer and operating method for the test of deep soil loaded deformation Download PDFInfo
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- CN107607405A CN107607405A CN201710794053.9A CN201710794053A CN107607405A CN 107607405 A CN107607405 A CN 107607405A CN 201710794053 A CN201710794053 A CN 201710794053A CN 107607405 A CN107607405 A CN 107607405A
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- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of standard penetrometer for the test of deep soil loaded deformation, including guide rod, pallet, sounding rod and the hydraulic pressure injection system being sequentially connected from top to bottom, the hydraulic pressure injection internal system is provided with displacement transducer, the guide rod is arranged with punching hammer, the telescopic end of the hydraulic pressure injection system is connected with standard penetrometer body, also disclosed the operating method of the standard penetrometer.The standard penetrometer and operating method that are used for the test of deep soil loaded deformation of the present invention, solves the shortcomings that domestic standard injection test system is unable to evaluation of subterranean soil body loaded deformation rule and Static Parameter, it is simple in construction, quality control is good, easy to use, detection speed is fast, measurement efficiency is high, measurement result accurately and reliably, it is reproducible, strong testing tool is provided for civil engineering exploration practices.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of standard penetrometer and operating method, and in particular to a kind of standard for loaded deformation test
Penetrator and operating method.
Background technology
Standard penetration test (SPT) existing very long applicating history in civil engineering prospecting field, referring to will using pressure apparatus
Cylindrical shape standard penetrometer judges ground by the blow counts required for specific range in feeler lever press-in soil layer, is squeezed into by record
The engineering properties of the lower soil body, and then some basic physical mechanics properties of soil are determined, such as deformation modulus of soil, soil allow to carry
Power etc., while disturbance sample also is obtained using supporting soil sampler, so as to be used for laboratory test.Standard penetration test (SPT) is at home
Have been obtained for largely applying outside, be one of the most commonly used home position testing method.
From amechanical angle, the blow counts that standard penetration test (SPT) provides are the soil strength features under dynamic loading,
And lack a kind of theoretic explanation, often blow counts and geotechnical engineering design parameter can only be established according to substantial amounts of test data
Such as the rule-of-thumb relation between intensity and modulus.The design parameter provided is provided in a large amount of geotechnical engineering designs such as pile foundation engineering
It is static(al) test index, especially on Carrying Capacity, is more difficult to obtain the soil body in different loads by home position testing method
Under compress deformation law, i.e. load-deflection curve.Load test provides a kind of accurate method, but test period mistake
It is long, several weeks are generally required, cost is too high, and pile body is tested in test process and is destroyed, unrenewable in engineering design.
Therefore, a kind of deep soil loaded deformation method of testing based on standard penetration test (SPT) measuring technology is researched and developed, normal
On the basis of advising standard penetration test, the measurement soil body caused deformation behaviour under the conditions of given load pressure is quick, economical
And the design data of the underground soil body is effectively provided, there is great theoretical meaning for the security and reliability of geotechnical engineering design
Justice and more practical value.
The content of the invention
Goal of the invention：In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to providing one kind is used for deep soil load
The standard penetrometer of deformation test, and the operating method of the standard penetrometer, can not to solve standard penetration test system
The shortcomings that evaluation of subterranean soil body loaded deformation rule and Static Parameter.
Technical scheme：A kind of standard penetrometer for the test of deep soil loaded deformation of the present invention, including from
Guide rod, pallet, sounding rod and the hydraulic pressure injection system that top to bottm is sequentially connected, the hydraulic pressure injection internal system are provided with displacement
Sensor, the guide rod are arranged with punching hammer, and the telescopic end of the hydraulic pressure injection system is connected with standard penetrometer body.
Preferably, the hydraulic pressure injection system includes hydraulic tube, jack sleeve and hydraulic piston, the jack sleeve
Sounding rod lower end is connected to, the hydraulic tube is connected to the hydraulic pressure of jack sleeve inner through guide rod, pallet and sounding rod
Chamber, the hydraulic piston and the displacement transducer for measuring hydraulic piston movement are located inside hydraulic cavities, and the standard is passed through
Enter device body and be connected to hydraulic piston external part, the purposes of jack sleeve is the soil body isolation of hydraulic pressure injection its exterior
Outside hydraulic cavities, avoid underground water and the soil body from entering in standard penetrometer, influence loaded deformation test result.
Preferably, the standard penetrometer body interior is provided with apopore.
Preferably, the punching hammer quality is 63.5kg.
Preferably, the punching hammer and pallet center offer aperture, and aperture is not less than the diameter of hydraulic tube.
Preferably, the hydraulic piston modulus of elasticity is not less than 200000MPa, and tensile strength is not less than 745MPa, hydraulic pressure
Piston is not less than 5cm along hydraulic cavities axial direction movable distance, large deformation is produced under load action to reduce it, so as to keep away
Exempt to have influence on the accuracy of loaded deformation test result, improve the stability and accuracy of loaded deformation test.
Preferably, institute's displacement sensors mounted in pairs is in hydraulic piston lower surface and the bottom surface of hydraulic cavities.
Preferably, institute's displacement sensors are no less than two groups.
Preferably, institute's displacement sensors are provided with displacement transducer sheath.
A kind of operating method of standard penetrometer for the test of deep soil loaded deformation, comprises the following steps：
Step 1：Outside injection system, hydraulic means and acquisition system are equipped with, connects standard penetrometer body；
Step 2：Standard penetrometer body is squeezed into the depth specified under the dynamic action of punching hammer, then stops passing through
Enter；
Step 3：External hydraulic device is opened, the hydraulic oil in earth's surface external hydraulic device is pressed into by liquid by hydraulic tube
Press in chamber, promote hydraulic piston and coupled standard penetrometer body to move down；
Step 4：Maintain the hydraulic coupling of hydraulic means constant, hydraulic piston is descended by displacement transducer record at different moments
The relative distance between hydraulic cavities bottom surface, you can obtain under setting pressure effect, standard penetrometer body moves down
Distance；
Step 5：When deflection reaches stabilization, progressively apply the hydraulic coupling of increase hydraulic means until damage of soil body, note
Steady-state deformation data under the every one-level action of hydraulic force of record under the deformation-time graph and different action of hydraulic force of the soil body；
Step 6：All gathered datas are transmitted into the acquisition system of earth's surface by internal circuitry, are stored and are exported；
Step 7：Hydraulic means resets, and hydraulic piston withdraws original position, repeat step two to step 6, carries out next depth
Experiment.
Beneficial effect：A kind of standard penetrometer and operating method for the test of deep soil loaded deformation of the present invention,
Solves the shortcomings that standard penetration test system is unable to evaluation of subterranean soil body loaded deformation rule and Static Parameter, the present invention provides
The standard penetrometer and operating method that are used for the test of deep soil loaded deformation, by by standard penetrometer body, jack
Paired displacement transducer built in sleeve and jack sleeve is combined, and realizes the soil body basic load of different depth position
Deformation test.The jack tube-in-tube structure of supporting hydraulic pressure injection system is simple and stability is good, is easy to quality during execute-in-place
Control and equipment replacement.Displacement transducer precision is high, and detection speed is fast, and measurement efficiency is high, and measurement result is accurately and reliably, supporting
Displacement transducer sheath forms protective layer to displacement transducer, on the one hand avoids displacement transducer from damaging, and strengthens service life, separately
On the one hand also prevent displacement transducer from occurring to disturb and produce error in measurement under external force.The standard penetrometer and operation side
Method provides strong testing tool for civil engineering exploration practices.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the standard penetrometer structural representation that the present invention is used for the test of deep soil loaded deformation；
Fig. 2 is the partial schematic diagram of hydraulic pressure injection system architecture of the present invention.
Embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is described in detail below, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the implementation
Example.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, a kind of standard penetrometer for the test of deep soil loaded deformation of the invention, including
Guide rod 1, pallet 2, sounding rod 3 and the hydraulic pressure injection system being sequentially connected from top to bottom, hydraulic pressure injection internal system are provided with position
Displacement sensor 4, displacement transducer 4 are provided with displacement transducer protective case, and guide rod 1 is arranged with punching hammer 5, hydraulic pressure injection system
Telescopic end is connected with standard penetrometer body 6, and hydraulic pressure injection system includes hydraulic tube 7, jack sleeve 8 and hydraulic piston 9, and thousand
Jin top cover cylinder 8 is connected to the lower end of sounding rod 3, and the purposes of jack sleeve 8 is the soil body isolation of hydraulic pressure injection its exterior
Outside hydraulic cavities 10, avoid underground water and the soil body from entering in standard penetrometer, influence loaded deformation test result, hydraulic tube 7
The hydraulic cavities 10 inside jack sleeve 8 are connected to through guide rod 1, pallet 2 and sounding rod 3, hydraulic piston 9 and for surveying
Measure the displacement transducer 4 that hydraulic piston 9 moves to be located inside hydraulic cavities 10, standard penetrometer body 6 is connected to hydraulic piston 9 and stretched
Go out end, the inside of standard penetrometer body 6 is provided with apopore 12, and it is 63.5kg that punching, which hammers 5 mass into shape, and punching hammer 5 and the center of pallet 2 are opened
Provided with aperture, aperture is not less than the diameter of hydraulic tube 7, and the modulus of elasticity of hydraulic piston 9 is not less than 200000MPa, and tensile strength is not
Less than 745MPa, hydraulic piston 9 is not less than 5cm along the axial direction movable distance of hydraulic cavities 10, in use, displacement transducer 4
For measuring deflection caused by the soil body under load action, the mounted in pairs of displacement transducer 4 is in the lower surface of hydraulic piston 9 and liquid
The bottom surface of chamber 10 is pressed, displacement transducer 4 is no less than two groups, can obtain multigroup displacement (soil deformation) signal to be averaged during measurement
Value, the accuracy of measurement is improved, preferably, 4 optional Hall sensor of displacement transducer or dragline type photoelectric displacement encoder
Deng.
A kind of operating method of standard penetrometer for the test of deep soil loaded deformation, comprises the following steps：
Step 1：Outside injection system, hydraulic means and acquisition system are equipped with, connects standard penetrometer body 6；
Step 2：Standard penetrometer body 6 is squeezed into the depth specified under the dynamic action of punching hammer 5, then stopped
Injection；
Step 3：External hydraulic device is opened, the hydraulic oil in earth's surface external hydraulic device is pressed into by liquid by hydraulic tube 7
Press in chamber 10, promote hydraulic piston 9 and coupled standard penetrometer body 6 to move down；
Step 4：Maintain the hydraulic coupling of hydraulic means constant, recorded by displacement transducer 4 and descend hydraulic piston at different moments
Relative distance between 9 and the bottom surface of hydraulic cavities 10, you can obtain under setting pressure effect, standard penetrometer body 6 is past to be moved down
Dynamic distance；
Step 5：When deflection reaches stabilization, progressively apply the hydraulic coupling of increase hydraulic means until damage of soil body, note
Steady-state deformation data under the every one-level action of hydraulic force of record under the deformation-time graph and different action of hydraulic force of the soil body；
Step 6：All gathered datas are transmitted into the acquisition system of earth's surface by internal circuitry, are stored and are exported；
Step 7：Hydraulic means resets, and hydraulic piston 9 withdraws original position, repeat step two to step 6, carries out next depth
Experiment.
Remember hydraulic means apply load be P, under the load action, hydraulic piston 8 by hydraulic oil motive force and
Move down, so as to produce pressure to the bottom soil body, downward deformation occurs for the soil body, and it is S to remember this deflection, according to different lotuses
Steady-state deformation amount under carrying, you can load-deformation curve i.e. P-S curves are determined, so as to obtain the bearing capacity characteristic information of the soil body,
In addition, the also recordable deflection given under certain one-level load P at different moments, you can obtain deformation-time graph i.e. S-t songs
Line, so as to evaluate consolidation behavior of the soil body etc., provide clear, reliable soil body engineering properties for Civil Engineering Design personnel and assess
As a result.The invention enables standard penetration test (SPT) technology can it is more accurate, stably, reliably and comprehensively serve Geotechnical Engineering field.
As described above, although the present invention has been represented and described with reference to specific preferred embodiment, but it must not be explained
For the limitation to the present invention from body., can under the premise of the spirit and scope of the present invention that appended claims define are not departed from
To it, various changes can be made in the form and details.
Claims (10)
- A kind of 1. standard penetrometer for the test of deep soil loaded deformation, it is characterised in that：Including connecting successively from top to bottom Guide rod (1), pallet (2), sounding rod (3) and the hydraulic pressure injection system connect, the hydraulic pressure injection internal system pass provided with displacement Sensor (4), the guide rod (1) are arranged with punching hammer (5), and the telescopic end of the hydraulic pressure injection system is connected with standard penetrometer Body (6).
- A kind of 2. standard penetrometer for the test of deep soil loaded deformation, it is characterised in that：The hydraulic pressure injection system bag Hydraulic tube (7), jack sleeve (8) and hydraulic piston (9) are included, the jack sleeve (8) is connected to sounding rod (3) lower end, The hydraulic tube (7) is connected to the internal hydraulic cavities of jack sleeve (8) through guide rod (1), pallet (2) and sounding rod (3) (10), the hydraulic piston (9) and the displacement transducer (4) for measuring hydraulic piston (9) movement are located at hydraulic cavities (10) Inside, the standard penetrometer body (6) are connected to hydraulic piston (9) external part.
- 3. the standard penetrometer according to claim 1 for the test of deep soil loaded deformation, it is characterised in that：It is described Apopore (12) is provided with inside standard penetrometer body (6).
- 4. the standard penetrometer according to claim 1 for the test of deep soil loaded deformation, it is characterised in that：It is described Punching hammer (5) quality is 63.5kg.
- 5. the standard penetrometer according to claim 1 for the test of deep soil loaded deformation, it is characterised in that：It is described Punching hammer (5) and pallet (2) center offers aperture, and aperture is not less than the diameter of hydraulic tube (7).
- 6. the standard penetrometer according to claim 2 for the test of deep soil loaded deformation, it is characterised in that：It is described Hydraulic piston (9) modulus of elasticity is not less than 200000MPa, and tensile strength is not less than 745MPa, and hydraulic piston (9) is along hydraulic cavities (10) axial direction movable distance is not less than 5cm.
- 7. the standard penetrometer according to claim 2 for the test of deep soil loaded deformation, it is characterised in that：It is described Displacement transducer (4) mounted in pairs is in hydraulic piston (9) lower surface and the bottom surface of hydraulic cavities (10).
- 8. the standard penetrometer for being used for the test of deep soil loaded deformation according to claim 2 or 7, it is characterised in that： Institute's displacement sensors (4) are no less than two groups.
- 9. the standard penetrometer according to claim 1 for the test of deep soil loaded deformation, it is characterised in that：It is described Displacement transducer is provided with displacement transducer sheath (11).
- 10. the operating method of a kind of standard penetrometer for the test of deep soil loaded deformation, it is characterised in that including following Step：Step 1：Outside injection system, hydraulic means and acquisition system are equipped with, connects standard penetrometer body (6)；Step 2：Standard penetrometer body (6) is squeezed into the depth specified under the dynamic action of punching hammer (5), then stopped Injection；Step 3：External hydraulic device is opened, the hydraulic oil in earth's surface external hydraulic device is pressed into by hydraulic pressure by hydraulic tube (7) In chamber (10), hydraulic piston (9) and coupled standard penetrometer body (6) is promoted to move down；Step 4：Maintain the hydraulic coupling of hydraulic means constant, hydraulic piston is descended by displacement transducer (4) record at different moments (9) relative distance between hydraulic cavities (10) bottom surface, you can obtain under setting pressure effect, standard penetrometer body (6) The distance to move down；Step 5：When deflection reaches stabilization, progressively apply the hydraulic coupling of increase hydraulic means until damage of soil body, record is often Steady-state deformation data under one-level action of hydraulic force under the deformation-time graph and different action of hydraulic force of the soil body；Step 6：All gathered datas are transmitted into the acquisition system of earth's surface by internal circuitry, are stored and are exported；Step 7：Hydraulic means resets, and hydraulic piston (9) withdraws original position, repeat step two to step 6, carries out next depth Experiment.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710794053.9A CN107607405A (en) | 2017-09-06 | 2017-09-06 | A kind of standard penetrometer and operating method for the test of deep soil loaded deformation |
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| CN201710794053.9A CN107607405A (en) | 2017-09-06 | 2017-09-06 | A kind of standard penetrometer and operating method for the test of deep soil loaded deformation |
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Cited By (4)
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| CN110132773A (en) * | 2019-05-20 | 2019-08-16 | 东南大学 | A kind of miniature penetrometer of snow for detecting snow deposit characteristic and its operating method |
| CN110952602A (en) * | 2019-11-15 | 2020-04-03 | 长江岩土工程总公司（武汉） | Method for estimating extreme side resistance of pile foundation soil by using retaining wall casing |
| CN111965060A (en) * | 2020-08-03 | 2020-11-20 | 河海大学 | Press-in type on-site modulus of resilience measuring device |
| CN114486573A (en) * | 2022-01-13 | 2022-05-13 | 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Calibration device and method in standard penetration test room considering clay anisotropy |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110132773A (en) * | 2019-05-20 | 2019-08-16 | 东南大学 | A kind of miniature penetrometer of snow for detecting snow deposit characteristic and its operating method |
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| CN110952602B (en) * | 2019-11-15 | 2021-07-30 | 长江岩土工程有限公司 | Method for estimating extreme side resistance of pile foundation soil by using retaining wall casing |
| CN111965060A (en) * | 2020-08-03 | 2020-11-20 | 河海大学 | Press-in type on-site modulus of resilience measuring device |
| CN114486573A (en) * | 2022-01-13 | 2022-05-13 | 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Calibration device and method in standard penetration test room considering clay anisotropy |
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Application publication date: 20180119 |