CN107598172A - A kind of preparation method of gradient multi-layer C uCr composite contact materials - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of gradient multi-layer C uCr composite contact materials Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of preparation method of gradient multi-layer C uCr composite contact materials, mainly by powder it is prefabricated, powder is mixed using vacuum tank by weight ratio, fill out powder compacting, high temperature sintering, cut into slices by design thickness, obtain gradient MULTILAYER COMPOSITE CuCr composite contact materials, composite contact material prepared by the present invention, contact compositions and gradient can be freely designed, is advantageous to contact radiating and intensity；The technique of Fast Sintering contact is used so that contact material has excellent fragility, is advantageous to improve contact resistance fusion welding；Combination surface intensity between every layer of contact is high, between layers excellent conductivity；This method can once prepare multiple gradient MULTILAYER COMPOSITE contacts, and production efficiency is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to CuCr contact material preparing technical fields, and in particular to a kind of gradient multi-layer C uCr composite contact materials
The preparation method of material.
Background technology
During copper chromium material with good conduction, thermal conductivity and high pressure-resistant, Burning corrosion resistance due to being widely used in
In high voltage vacuum interrupter contact.Function copper chromium material belongs to new energy tech materials, is widely used in exterior coloring, rises wear-resisting
Antiknock, it is anti-aging to wait effect.Copper chromium contains trivalent chromium, harmless, is a kind of environment-friendly materials.Copper chromium is led leads with good
Electricity, heat conductivility are conventional to do conductive material.Copper chromium has that hardness is high, wear-resisting antiknock, and orthostatic is good, thins piece and does not bend, cracking resistance
The physical property such as property and softening temperature height.
Contact material be for switching, relay, the contact material of electrical connection and electric insert-pull element, also known as electricity touches
Head material, typically it is divided to two kinds of forceful electric power contact material and light current contact material.Electrical contact common used material is simple metal material, gold
Belong to alloy material, cermet material (powdered metallurgical material),
Contact is the key element of vacuum circuit breaker, and preferable vacuum contact material should have following performance：High electric current
Breaking capacity, high voltage capability, high conductance and the thermal conductivity, the electrical arc erosion rate that resistance fusion welding can be good, low, low of bearing
Contact abrasion, low value of damming, good processing characteristics.Due to being conflicting between these performances, in practical application mistake
Cheng Zhong, suffers from the influence of various factors, and can not meet above indices simultaneously.According to the performance of vacuum contact material
It is required that although fine copper possesses high conductance and thermal conductivity and good processing characteristics, but mechanical strength is low, wear-resistant, anti-electricity
Erosion and resistance fusion welding are poor, and for making vacuum contact material, it substantially shows the deficiency of itself.
In structure of contact terminal design, in order to ensure contact mechanical strength, transverse magnetic contact often increases the thickness of contact, this
Sample is unfavorable for radiating.Simultaneously to ensure CuCr contacts and fine copper conducting rod weld strength, welded using silver-bearing copper, welding cost is high.
The content of the invention
For above technical problem, the present invention provides one kind by artificially designing the continuous bar structure of MULTILAYER COMPOSITE, letter
Multi-beam contact is singly processed into, CuCr contacts is being ensured good electrical property simultaneously, is carried using few Cr or pure Cu layer composite designs
The radiating of high contact and the preparation method of the gradient multi-layer C uCr composite contact materials of reduction welding difficulty.
The technical scheme is that：A kind of preparation method of gradient multi-layer C uCr composite contact materials, it is main include with
Lower step：
Step 1：Cr coarse powder and Cu coarse powder are placed at ball milling 8-12h in the high energy ball mill under argon gas protection, obtain grain
The Cr powder and granularity spent for 30-300 microns are the Cu powder of 25-80 microns, and ball milling crushes bulky grain metal coarse powder, after making crushing
Metal powder uniform particle sizes；
Step 2：Cr powder and Cu powder are mixed into powder using vacuum tank by weight ratio, ratio of grinding media to material is 1：1-1：Between 5, powder is mixed
Time 1-8h, wherein Cr contents are 0-50%, and remaining is Cu powder, design gradient MULTILAYER COMPOSITE contact, according to every layer of thickness come
Prepare the mixed powder of different content proportioning；
Step 3：Described composite contact material is designed as two layers or three layers:
The powder of described two layers from bottom to top is designated as a powder, b powder respectively, and Cr and Cu quality proportioning is in described a powder
1-2:5, Cr and Cu quality proportioning is 3-5 in described b powder:5, according to the thickness of every layer of the composite contact of design, by thickness
Every layer of mixed powder quality is converted into, then according to mixed powder quality weighing powder, a powder is first loaded into graphite crucible, flattened in advance, then
B powder loading graphite crucible is flattened in advance, dress powder is circulated to design height by composite contact design thickness；
Three layers of described powder from bottom to top is designated as A powder, B powder, C powder respectively, and Cr and Cu quality is matched somebody with somebody in described A powder
Than for 0-1:5, Cr and Cu quality proportioning is 2-3 in described B powder:5, Cr and Cu quality proportioning is 3- in described C powder
5:5, according to the thickness of every layer of the composite contact of design, thickness is converted into every layer of mixed powder quality, then according to mixed powder
Quality weighing powder, A powder is first loaded into graphite crucible, flattened in advance, then B powder loading graphite crucible is flattened in advance, then C powder is loaded
Graphite crucible flattens in advance, circulates dress powder to design height by composite contact design thickness so that composite contact material tissue causes
It is close；
Step 4：Graphite crucible after filling is fitted into plasma discharge sintering furnace, forvacuum Zhi≤10pa, so
After carry out the pressure sintering that is rapidly heated, be warming up to 700-1050 DEG C, pressure 10-70Mpa, soaking time 3-10min；
Step 5：Bar after sintering is cut into slices by design thickness, you can obtain a multi-gradient composite Cu Cr contact
Blank.
Further, described Cu coarse powder be in hydrogen atmosphere through 400-500 DEG C reduce 3-5 hours after crushing and screening after
Obtain, described Cr coarse powder is to be obtained in High Purity Hydrogen atmosphere after 1000-1300 DEG C reduces 3-5 hours after crushing and screening
's.
Further, Chun Du≤99.2% of described Cr coarse powder, the high Cr of purity have ductility, impure chromium it is hard and
Crisp, the thick powder purities≤99.7%, Cu of described Cu have good ductility, and heat conduction and electric conductivity are preferable.
Further, the described heating rate being rapidly heated is 10-40 DEG C/min, is rapidly heated so that in contact material
Portion's tissue is heated evenly.
Further, the pressure of described precompressed is 5-50Mpa, is loaded repeatedly with graphite jig, being needed after loading every time
Want precompressed.
Further, the design thickness of described composite contact material is 8-15mm.
Further, described vacuum tank batch mixing is that batch mixing, tank body are main under vacuum by bi-component or multicomponent
It is made up of vacuum stirring mixer and swager, stirring mixer stirring type is that dual shaft planetary moves frame, agitator speed
Using stepless speed regulation, the unfolding mode of tank body is hand-hydraulic, and binder mode is auto spiral binder, and equipment volume is small, weight
Gently, solid-solid phase of more components, liquid-solid phase, the technique such as the mixing of liquid-liquid phase material, reaction, scattered, homogeneous can be automatic
Controlling reaction temperature.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are compared with prior art：Composite contact material prepared by the method for the present invention, can be with
Contact compositions and gradient are freely designed, is advantageous to contact radiating and intensity；The technique of Fast Sintering contact is used to cause contact material
Material has excellent fragility, is advantageous to improve contact resistance fusion welding；Combination surface intensity between every layer of contact is high, between layers
Excellent conductivity；This method can once prepare multiple gradient MULTILAYER COMPOSITE contacts, and production efficiency is high.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is two layers of composite contact material structural representation of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is three layers of composite contact material structural representation of the present invention；
Embodiment
The present invention is further described in detail with reference to specific embodiment：
Embodiment 1：A kind of preparation method of gradient multi-layer C uCr composite contact materials, is mainly included the following steps that：
Step 1：Cr coarse powder and Cu coarse powder are placed at ball milling 8h, Cr coarse powder in the high energy ball mill under argon gas protection
Purity 99.2%, the high Cr of purity have ductility, and impure chromium is hard and crisp, Cu coarse powder purity 99.7%, and Cu has good
Ductility, heat conduction and electric conductivity are preferable, obtain the Cr powder that granularity is 30 microns and the Cu powder that granularity is 25 microns, and Cu coarse powder is
Obtained in hydrogen atmosphere after 400 DEG C reduce 3 hours after crushing and screening, Cr coarse powder is through 1000 DEG C in High Purity Hydrogen atmosphere
What reduction obtained for 3 hours afterwards after crushing and screening, ball milling crushes bulky grain metal coarse powder, makes the metal powder particle diameter after crushing equal
It is even；
Step 2：Cr powder and Cu powder are mixed into powder using vacuum tank by weight ratio, ratio of grinding media to material is 1：Between 1, the powder time is mixed
1h, gradient MULTILAYER COMPOSITE contact is designed, the mixed powder of different content proportioning is prepared according to every layer of thickness；
Step 3：As shown in figure 1, composite contact material is designed as two layers, two layers of powder from bottom to top is designated as a respectively
Powder, b powder, Cr and Cu quality proportioning is 1 in a powder:Cr and Cu quality proportioning is 3 in 5, b powder:5, compound according to design is touched
Every layer of thickness, thickness is converted into every layer of mixed powder quality, then according to mixed powder quality weighing powder, first loaded a powder
Graphite crucible, flattening in advance, the pressure of precompressed is 5Mpa, loads repeatedly and in graphite jig, needs precompressed after loading every time, then
B powder loading graphite crucible is flattened in advance, dress powder is circulated to design height by composite contact design thickness；
Step 4：Graphite crucible after filling is fitted into plasma discharge sintering furnace, forvacuum to 10pa, then
The pressure sintering that is rapidly heated is carried out, the heating rate being rapidly heated is 10 DEG C/min, is rapidly heated so that contact material inside group
Knit and be heated evenly, be warming up to 700 DEG C, pressure 10Mpa, soaking time 3min；
Step 5：Bar after sintering is cut into slices by design thickness, the design thickness of composite contact material is 8mm, you can
Obtain a multi-gradient composite Cu Cr contact blank.
Wherein, vacuum tank batch mixing is that tank body is mainly by being stirred under vacuum by bi-component or multicomponent batch mixing under vacuum
Mixer and swager composition, stirring mixer stirring type are that dual shaft planetary moves frame, and agitator speed uses stepless-adjustment
Speed, the unfolding mode of tank body is hand-hydraulic, and binder mode is auto spiral binder, and equipment volume is small, in light weight, more components
Gu-solid phase, liquid-solid phase, the technique such as the mixing of liquid-liquid phase material, reaction, scattered, homogeneous, reaction temperature can be automatically controlled
Degree.
Embodiment 2：A kind of preparation method of gradient multi-layer C uCr composite contact materials, is mainly included the following steps that：
Step 1：Cr coarse powder and Cu coarse powder are placed at ball milling 10h, Cr coarse powder in the high energy ball mill under argon gas protection
Purity 99.5%, the high Cr of purity have ductility, and impure chromium is hard and crisp, Cu coarse powder purity 99.8%, and Cu has good
Ductility, heat conduction and electric conductivity are preferable, obtain the Cr powder that granularity is 150 microns and the Cu powder that granularity is 50 microns, Cu coarse powder
Obtained in hydrogen atmosphere after 450 DEG C reduce 4 hours after crushing and screening, Cr coarse powder is through 1200 in High Purity Hydrogen atmosphere
What DEG C reduction obtained for 4 hours afterwards after crushing and screening, ball milling crushes bulky grain metal coarse powder, makes the metal powder particle diameter after crushing equal
It is even；
Step 2：Cr powder and Cu powder are mixed into powder using vacuum tank by weight ratio, ratio of grinding media to material is 1：Between 3, the powder time is mixed
4h, gradient MULTILAYER COMPOSITE contact is designed, the mixed powder of different content proportioning is prepared according to every layer of thickness；
Step 3：As shown in figure 1, composite contact material is designed as two layers, two layers of powder from bottom to top is designated as a respectively
Powder, b powder, Cr and Cu quality proportioning is 1.5 in a powder:Cr and Cu quality proportioning is 4 in 5, b powder:5, according to the compound of design
The thickness of every layer of contact, thickness is converted into every layer of mixed powder quality, then according to mixed powder quality weighing powder, first filled a powder
Enter graphite crucible, flatten in advance, the pressure of precompressed is 30Mpa, is loaded repeatedly with graphite jig, being needed after loading every time pre-
Pressure, then b powder loading graphite crucible is flattened in advance, dress powder is circulated to design height by composite contact design thickness；
Step 4：Graphite crucible after filling is fitted into plasma discharge sintering furnace, forvacuum to 11pa, then
The pressure sintering that is rapidly heated is carried out, the heating rate being rapidly heated is 25 DEG C/min, is rapidly heated so that contact material inside group
Knit and be heated evenly, be warming up to 900 DEG C, pressure 40Mpa, soaking time 6min；
Step 5：Bar after sintering is cut into slices by design thickness, the design thickness of composite contact material is 12mm, you can
Obtain a multi-gradient composite Cu Cr contact blank.
Wherein, vacuum tank batch mixing is that tank body is mainly by being stirred under vacuum by bi-component or multicomponent batch mixing under vacuum
Mixer and swager composition, stirring mixer stirring type are that dual shaft planetary moves frame, and agitator speed uses stepless-adjustment
Speed, the unfolding mode of tank body is hand-hydraulic, and binder mode is auto spiral binder, and equipment volume is small, in light weight, more components
Gu-solid phase, liquid-solid phase, the technique such as the mixing of liquid-liquid phase material, reaction, scattered, homogeneous, reaction temperature can be automatically controlled
Degree.
Embodiment 3：A kind of preparation method of gradient multi-layer C uCr composite contact materials, is mainly included the following steps that：
Step 1：Cr coarse powder and Cu coarse powder are placed at ball milling 12h, Cr coarse powder in the high energy ball mill under argon gas protection
Purity 99.7%, the high Cr of purity have ductility, and impure chromium is hard and crisp, Cu coarse powder purity 99.8%, and Cu has good
Ductility, heat conduction and electric conductivity are preferable, obtain the Cr powder that granularity is 300 microns and the Cu powder that granularity is 80 microns, Cu coarse powder
Obtained in hydrogen atmosphere after 500 DEG C reduce 5 hours after crushing and screening, Cr coarse powder is through 1300 in High Purity Hydrogen atmosphere
What DEG C reduction obtained for 5 hours afterwards after crushing and screening, ball milling crushes bulky grain metal coarse powder, makes the metal powder particle diameter after crushing equal
It is even；
Step 2：Cr powder and Cu powder are mixed into powder using vacuum tank by weight ratio, ratio of grinding media to material is 1：Between 5, the powder time is mixed
8h, gradient MULTILAYER COMPOSITE contact is designed, the mixed powder of different content proportioning is prepared according to every layer of thickness；
Step 3：As shown in figure 1, composite contact material is designed as two layers, two layers of powder from bottom to top is designated as a respectively
Powder, b powder, Cr and Cu quality proportioning is 2 in a powder:Cr and Cu quality proportioning is 5 in 5, b powder:5, compound according to design is touched
Every layer of thickness, thickness is converted into every layer of mixed powder quality, then according to mixed powder quality weighing powder, first loaded a powder
Graphite crucible, flattening in advance, the pressure of precompressed is 50Mpa, is loaded repeatedly with graphite jig, needing precompressed after loading every time,
B powder loading graphite crucible is flattened in advance again, dress powder is circulated to design height by composite contact design thickness；
Step 4：Graphite crucible after filling is fitted into plasma discharge sintering furnace, forvacuum to 12pa, then
The pressure sintering that is rapidly heated is carried out, the heating rate being rapidly heated is 40 DEG C/min, is rapidly heated so that contact material inside group
Knit and be heated evenly, be warming up to 1050 DEG C, pressure 70Mpa, soaking time 10min；
Step 5：Bar after sintering is cut into slices by design thickness, the design thickness of composite contact material is 15mm, you can
Obtain a multi-gradient composite Cu Cr contact blank.
Wherein, vacuum tank batch mixing is that tank body is mainly by being stirred under vacuum by bi-component or multicomponent batch mixing under vacuum
Mixer and swager composition, stirring mixer stirring type are that dual shaft planetary moves frame, and agitator speed uses stepless-adjustment
Speed, the unfolding mode of tank body is hand-hydraulic, and binder mode is auto spiral binder, and equipment volume is small, in light weight, more components
Gu-solid phase, liquid-solid phase, the technique such as the mixing of liquid-liquid phase material, reaction, scattered, homogeneous, reaction temperature can be automatically controlled
Degree.
Embodiment 4：A kind of preparation method of gradient multi-layer C uCr composite contact materials, is mainly included the following steps that：
Step 1：Cr coarse powder and Cu coarse powder are placed at ball milling 8h, Cr coarse powder in the high energy ball mill under argon gas protection
Purity 99.2%, the high Cr of purity have ductility, and impure chromium is hard and crisp, Cu coarse powder purity 99.7%, and Cu has good
Ductility, heat conduction and electric conductivity are preferable, obtain the Cr powder that granularity is 30 microns and the Cu powder that granularity is 25 microns, and Cu coarse powder is
Obtained in hydrogen atmosphere after 400 DEG C reduce 3 hours after crushing and screening, Cr coarse powder is through 1000 DEG C in High Purity Hydrogen atmosphere
What reduction obtained for 3 hours afterwards after crushing and screening, ball milling crushes bulky grain metal coarse powder, makes the metal powder particle diameter after crushing equal
It is even；
Step 2：Cr powder and Cu powder are mixed into powder using vacuum tank by weight ratio, ratio of grinding media to material is 1：Between 1, the powder time is mixed
1h, gradient MULTILAYER COMPOSITE contact is designed, the mixed powder of different content proportioning is prepared according to every layer of thickness；
Step 3：As shown in Fig. 2 composite contact material is designed as three layers, three layers of powder from bottom to top is designated as A respectively
Powder, B powder, C powder, Cr contents are 0 in A powder, and Cr and Cu quality proportioning is 2 in surplus Cu, B powder:Cr and Cu matter in 5, C powder
Amount proportioning is 3:5, according to the thickness of every layer of the composite contact of design, thickness is converted into every layer of mixed powder quality, then pressed
According to mixed powder quality weighing powder, A powder is first loaded into graphite crucible, flattened in advance, then B powder loading graphite crucible is flattened in advance, then
C powder loading graphite crucible is flattened in advance, the pressure of precompressed is 5Mpa, is loaded repeatedly with graphite jig, being needed after loading every time
Precompressed is wanted, circulates dress powder to design height by composite contact design thickness so that composite contact material dense structure；
Step 4：Graphite crucible after filling is fitted into plasma discharge sintering furnace, forvacuum to 10pa, then
The pressure sintering that is rapidly heated is carried out, the heating rate being rapidly heated is 10 DEG C/min, is rapidly heated so that contact material inside group
Knit and be heated evenly, be warming up to 700 DEG C, pressure 10Mpa, soaking time 3min；
Step 5：Bar after sintering is cut into slices by design thickness, the design thickness of composite contact material is 8mm, you can
Obtain a multi-gradient composite Cu Cr contact blank.
Wherein, vacuum tank batch mixing is that tank body is mainly by being stirred under vacuum by bi-component or multicomponent batch mixing under vacuum
Mixer and swager composition, stirring mixer stirring type are that dual shaft planetary moves frame, and agitator speed uses stepless-adjustment
Speed, the unfolding mode of tank body is hand-hydraulic, and binder mode is auto spiral binder, and equipment volume is small, in light weight, more components
Gu-solid phase, liquid-solid phase, the technique such as the mixing of liquid-liquid phase material, reaction, scattered, homogeneous, reaction temperature can be automatically controlled
Degree.
Embodiment 5：A kind of preparation method of gradient multi-layer C uCr composite contact materials, is mainly included the following steps that：
Step 1：Cr coarse powder and Cu coarse powder are placed at ball milling 10h, Cr coarse powder in the high energy ball mill under argon gas protection
Purity 99.5%, the high Cr of purity have ductility, and impure chromium is hard and crisp, Cu coarse powder purity 99.8%, and Cu has good
Ductility, heat conduction and electric conductivity are preferable, obtain the Cr powder that granularity is 150 microns and the Cu powder that granularity is 50 microns, Cu coarse powder
Obtained in hydrogen atmosphere after 450 DEG C reduce 4 hours after crushing and screening, Cr coarse powder is through 1150 in High Purity Hydrogen atmosphere
What DEG C reduction obtained for 4 hours afterwards after crushing and screening, ball milling crushes bulky grain metal coarse powder, makes the metal powder particle diameter after crushing equal
It is even；
Step 2：Cr powder and Cu powder are mixed into powder using vacuum tank by weight ratio, ratio of grinding media to material is 1：Between 3, the powder time is mixed
5h, gradient MULTILAYER COMPOSITE contact is designed, the mixed powder of different content proportioning is prepared according to every layer of thickness；
Step 3：As shown in Fig. 2 composite contact material is designed as three layers, three layers of powder from bottom to top is designated as A respectively
Powder, B powder, C powder, Cr and Cu quality proportioning is 0.5 in A powder:Cr and Cu quality proportioning is 2.5 in 5, B powder:Cr in 5, C powder
Quality proportioning with Cu is 4:5, according to the thickness of every layer of the composite contact of design, thickness is converted into every layer of mixing silty
Amount, then according to mixed powder quality weighing powder, A powder is first loaded into graphite crucible, flattened in advance, then B powder loading graphite crucible is pre-
Flatten, then C powder loading graphite crucible is flattened in advance, the pressure of precompressed is 30Mpa, repeatedly in filling and graphite jig, often
Precompressed is needed after secondary filling, circulates dress powder to design height by composite contact design thickness so that composite contact material tissue causes
It is close；
Step 4：Graphite crucible after filling is fitted into plasma discharge sintering furnace, forvacuum to 11pa, then
The pressure sintering that is rapidly heated is carried out, the heating rate being rapidly heated is 25 DEG C/min, is rapidly heated so that contact material inside group
Knit and be heated evenly, be warming up to 900 DEG C, pressure 40Mpa, soaking time 6min；
Step 5：Bar after sintering is cut into slices by design thickness, the design thickness of composite contact material is 12mm, you can
Obtain a multi-gradient composite Cu Cr contact blank.
Wherein, vacuum tank batch mixing is that tank body is mainly by being stirred under vacuum by bi-component or multicomponent batch mixing under vacuum
Mixer and swager composition, stirring mixer stirring type are that dual shaft planetary moves frame, and agitator speed uses stepless-adjustment
Speed, the unfolding mode of tank body is hand-hydraulic, and binder mode is auto spiral binder, and equipment volume is small, in light weight, more components
Gu-solid phase, liquid-solid phase, the technique such as the mixing of liquid-liquid phase material, reaction, scattered, homogeneous, reaction temperature can be automatically controlled
Degree.
Embodiment 6：A kind of preparation method of gradient multi-layer C uCr composite contact materials, is mainly included the following steps that：
Step 1：Cr coarse powder and Cu coarse powder are placed at ball milling 12h, Cr coarse powder in the high energy ball mill under argon gas protection
Purity 99.5%, the high Cr of purity have ductility, and impure chromium is hard and crisp, Cu coarse powder purity 99.9%, and Cu has good
Ductility, heat conduction and electric conductivity are preferable, obtain the Cr powder that granularity is 300 microns and the Cu powder that granularity is 80 microns, Cu coarse powder
Obtained in hydrogen atmosphere after 500 DEG C reduce 5 hours after crushing and screening, Cr coarse powder is through 1300 in High Purity Hydrogen atmosphere
What DEG C reduction obtained for 5 hours afterwards after crushing and screening, ball milling crushes bulky grain metal coarse powder, makes the metal powder particle diameter after crushing equal
It is even；
Step 2：Cr powder and Cu powder are mixed into powder using vacuum tank by weight ratio, ratio of grinding media to material is 1：Between 5, the powder time is mixed
8h, gradient MULTILAYER COMPOSITE contact is designed, the mixed powder of different content proportioning is prepared according to every layer of thickness；
Step 3：As shown in Fig. 2 composite contact material is designed as three layers, three layers of powder from bottom to top is designated as A respectively
Powder, B powder, C powder, Cr and Cu quality proportioning is 1 in A powder:Cr and Cu quality proportioning is 3 in 5, B powder:Cr and Cu in 5, C powder
Quality proportioning be 5:5, according to the thickness of every layer of the composite contact of design, thickness is converted into every layer of mixed powder quality, so
Afterwards according to mixed powder quality weighing powder, A powder is first loaded into graphite crucible, flattened in advance, then B powder loading graphite crucible is flattened in advance
It is whole, then C powder loading graphite crucible is flattened in advance, the pressure of precompressed is 50Mpa, is loaded repeatedly with graphite jig, filling out every time
Precompressed is needed after dress, circulates dress powder to design height by composite contact design thickness so that composite contact material dense structure；
Step 4：Graphite crucible after filling is fitted into plasma discharge sintering furnace, forvacuum to 12pa, then
The pressure sintering that is rapidly heated is carried out, the heating rate being rapidly heated is 40 DEG C/min, is rapidly heated so that contact material inside group
Knit and be heated evenly, be warming up to 1050 DEG C, pressure 70Mpa, soaking time 10min；
Step 5：Bar after sintering is cut into slices by design thickness, the design thickness of composite contact material is 15mm, you can
Obtain a multi-gradient composite Cu Cr contact blank.
Wherein, vacuum tank batch mixing is that tank body is mainly by being stirred under vacuum by bi-component or multicomponent batch mixing under vacuum
Mixer and swager composition, stirring mixer stirring type are that dual shaft planetary moves frame, and agitator speed uses stepless-adjustment
Speed, the unfolding mode of tank body is hand-hydraulic, and binder mode is auto spiral binder, and equipment volume is small, in light weight, more components
Gu-solid phase, liquid-solid phase, the technique such as the mixing of liquid-liquid phase material, reaction, scattered, homogeneous, reaction temperature can be automatically controlled
Degree.
Finally it should be noted that：The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than its limitations；Although
The present invention is described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those within the art that：It still may be used
To be modified to the technical scheme described in previous embodiment, or equivalent substitution is carried out to which part technical characteristic；And
These modifications are replaced, and the essence of appropriate technical solution is departed from the spirit and model of technical scheme of the embodiment of the present invention
Enclose.
Claims (7)
- A kind of 1. preparation method of gradient multi-layer C uCr composite contact materials, it is characterised in that described method mainly include with Lower step：Step 1：Cr coarse powder and Cu coarse powder are placed at ball milling 8-12h in the high energy ball mill under argon gas protection, obtaining granularity is The Cr powder and granularity of 30-300 microns are the Cu powder of 25-80 microns；Step 2：Cr powder and Cu powder are mixed into powder using vacuum tank by weight ratio, ratio of grinding media to material is 1：1-1：Between 5, the powder time is mixed 1-8h, wherein Cr contents are 0-50%, and remaining is Cu powder, design gradient MULTILAYER COMPOSITE contact, are prepared according to every layer of thickness The mixed powder of different content proportioning；Step 3：Described composite contact material is designed as two layers or three layers:The powder of described two layers from bottom to top is designated as a powder, b powder respectively, and Cr and Cu quality proportioning is 1-2 in described a powder: 5, Cr and Cu quality proportioning is 3-5 in described b powder:5, according to the thickness of every layer of the composite contact of design, thickness is changed Into every layer of mixed powder quality, then according to mixed powder quality weighing powder, a powder is first loaded into graphite crucible, flattened in advance, then by b Powder loads graphite crucible and flattened in advance, and dress powder is circulated to design height by composite contact design thickness；Three layers of described powder from bottom to top is designated as A powder, B powder, C powder respectively, and Cr and Cu quality proportioning is in described A powder 0-1:5, Cr and Cu quality proportioning is 2-3 in described B powder:5, Cr and Cu quality proportioning is 3-5 in described C powder:5, According to the thickness of every layer of the composite contact of design, thickness is converted into every layer of mixed powder quality, then according to mixed powder quality Claim powder, A powder is first loaded into graphite crucible, flattened in advance, then B powder loading graphite crucible is flattened in advance, then C powder is loaded into graphite Crucible is flattened in advance, and dress powder is circulated to design height by composite contact design thickness；Step 4：Graphite crucible after filling is fitted into plasma discharge sintering furnace, forvacuum to≤10pa, Ran Houjin The capable pressure sintering that is rapidly heated, is warming up to 700-1050 DEG C, pressure 10-70Mpa, soaking time 3-10min；Step 5：Bar after sintering is cut into slices by design thickness, you can obtain a multi-gradient composite Cu Cr contact blank.
- 2. a kind of preparation method of gradient multi-layer C uCr composite contact materials as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described Cu coarse powder in hydrogen atmosphere through 400-500 DEG C reduce 3-5 hours after crushing and screening after obtain, described Cr coarse powder is Obtained in High Purity Hydrogen atmosphere after 1000-1300 DEG C reduces 3-5 hours after crushing and screening.
- 3. a kind of preparation method of gradient multi-layer C uCr composite contact materials as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described Cr coarse powder pure degree≤99.2%, thick powder purity≤99.7% of described Cu.
- 4. a kind of preparation method of gradient multi-layer C uCr composite contact materials as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described The heating rate being rapidly heated be 10-40 DEG C/min.
- 5. a kind of preparation method of gradient multi-layer C uCr composite contact materials as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described The pressure of precompressed be 5-50Mpa.
- 6. a kind of preparation method of gradient multi-layer C uCr composite contact materials as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described The design thickness of composite contact material be 8-15mm.
- 7. a kind of preparation method of gradient multi-layer C uCr composite contact materials as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that described The design thickness of composite contact material be 8-16mm.
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| CN108687351A (en) * | 2018-05-04 | 2018-10-23 | 武汉理工大学 | A kind of B4C-HEAs functionally gradient material (FGM)s and preparation method thereof |
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| CN110592417A (en) * | 2019-09-27 | 2019-12-20 | 昆明贵金属研究所 | High-flux preparation method of sliding electric contact material with gradient distribution of components |
| CN111633214A (en) * | 2020-06-05 | 2020-09-08 | 西安航空学院 | Preparation method of CuCr-based contact material with strengthened layered component distribution |
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