CN107592998B

CN107592998B - Plough and revolve combined type ditching ridging device

Info

Publication number: CN107592998B
Application number: CN201710890722.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 吴明亮; 陈超鹏; 颜波; 全伟; 张文韬; 胡婷
Original assignee: Hunan Agricultural University
Current assignee: Hunan Agricultural University
Priority date: 2017-09-27
Filing date: 2017-09-27
Publication date: 2023-04-07
Anticipated expiration: 2037-09-27
Also published as: CN107592998A

Abstract

The utility model provides a combination formula ditching ridging device ploughs soon, which comprises a frame, the rotary tillage subassembly, little preceding plough that is located the dead ahead of rotary tillage subassembly and plough body formula ditching ridging subassembly that is located the dead behind of rotary tillage subassembly, plough body formula ditching ridging subassembly includes rectangle furrow forming device, rectangle furrow forming device's preceding terminal surface is first soil pushing surface, first soil pushing surface inclines backward along the direction from bottom to top to be arranged, the epaxial position that corresponds to two sides of rectangle furrow forming device of rotary tillage subassembly all is equipped with ditch wall soil cutting straight sword directly in the dead ahead, be equipped with the dozing blade on rectangle furrow forming device's the top surface, the dozing blade has the cutting edge that upwards extends from the top surface and sets up two second soil pushing surfaces in self-cutting edge both sides respectively, the cutting edge is located the middle part position of top surface, the border is connected with the branch soil board that upwards extends respectively on two second soil pushing surfaces, the branch soil pushing surface that two second soil pushing surfaces are connected intersects and forms the branch soil blade that meets with the cutting edge upper end. The ditching and ridging device has the advantages of simple structure, good ditching effect, high working efficiency and economic benefit and the like.

Description

Plough and revolve combined type ditching ridging device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a plowing and rotating combined type ditching and ridging device.

Background

Rape is a main oil crop in China, the rape seeding area is 700 hectares throughout the year, the total yield is 1200 ten thousand tons, and the planting area and the total yield are in the first place of the world. The rape planting generally takes a rice oil tanker as a main part, the previous crop rice has high stubble remaining, high density and heavy soil adhesion, the labor intensity of manual ditching and carriage arrangement is high, and the efficiency is low. Meanwhile, rape is a direct root system crops avoiding water, so that the direct seeding planting of rape not only ensures that the soil on the compartment surface is finely crushed and leveled and the seeds are sown and emerge, but also needs to open three ditches (namely furrow ditch, waist ditch and circumferential ditch) to facilitate water filling before winter and water drainage after spring.

In the direct seeding process of the rapes, a drainage ditch is formed in soil, and simultaneously, after the soil in the ditch is subjected to rotary tillage, the ditch is uniformly and finely ground and covered on an effective compartment surface, and then direct seeding is carried out. At present, most of mechanized ditching easily causes the problems of mud accumulation and grass winding of operation machines, large operation power consumption, non-fine soil blocks on the compartment surface, low stubble burying rate and the like, and influences the germination and growth of rape.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of overcoming the defects in the prior art and provides a rotary-plow combined type ditching and ridging device which is simple in structure, good in ditching effect, high in working efficiency and economic benefit.

In order to solve the technical problem, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a combination formula ditching ridging device plows soon, includes the frame and installs the rotary tillage subassembly in the frame, install the little preceding plough that is located the dead ahead of rotary tillage subassembly in the frame, install plough body formula ditching ridging subassembly that is located the dead ahead of rotary tillage subassembly in the frame, plough body formula ditching ridging subassembly is including installing the rectangle ditching ware in the frame, the preceding terminal surface of rectangle ditching ware is first soil pushing surface, first soil pushing surface inclines backward along the orientation from bottom to top and arranges, the rotary tillage of rotary tillage subassembly is epaxial to be corresponding to the dead ahead position of two sides of rectangle ditching ware all is equipped with ditch wall soil cutting straight sword, be equipped with the dozer blade on the top surface of rectangle ditching ware, the dozer blade has the cutting edge that upwards extends from the top surface and divides to establish two second soil pushing surfaces from the cutting edge both sides, the cutting edge is located the middle part position of top surface, and the border is connected with the soil separating board that upwards extends on two second soil pushing surfaces respectively, and the soil separating board that two second soil pushing surfaces are connected forms the soil separating edge that meets with the cutting edge upper end.

Preferably, the rear edges of the second soil pushing surfaces are connected with wing plates extending backwards, the width between the wing plates connected with the two second soil pushing surfaces is gradually increased along the forward and backward direction and the downward and upward direction, the rear edges of the soil separating plates are connected with soil pushing plates extending backwards, the lower edges of the wing plates are connected with the top surface, and the upper edges of the wing plates are connected with the lower edges of the soil pushing plates.

The plough revolves combination formula ditching ridging device, preferred, cutting edge lower extreme is located the place ahead of cutting edge upper end, and cutting edge extends to the upper end along the pitch arc to the top surface direction indent from the lower extreme.

In the above-mentioned plough-rotation combined type ditching and ridging device, preferably, each second soil pushing surface is an arc-shaped surface for guiding soil to move upwards and outwards simultaneously.

Preferably, the soil separating blade extends along a vertical upward line, and the soil separating plate and the soil pushing plate are both vertically arranged.

Preferably, the small front plough is positioned right in front of the middle of the first soil pushing surface.

The rotary tillage component comprises a rotary tillage shaft and a plurality of rotary tillage curved blades, wherein the rotary tillage shaft and the rotary tillage curved blades are mounted on the rack, and the rotary tillage curved blades are spirally arranged around the rotary tillage shaft.

Preferably, two trench wall soil cutting straight cutters are arranged at positions right in front of each side face of the rectangular trenching device on the rotary tillage shaft, and each side face of the rectangular trenching device and the two corresponding trench wall soil cutting straight cutters are located in the same plane.

Preferably, the rectangular furrowing and ridging device is mounted on the frame through a plow standard, the upper end of the plow standard is connected with the frame, the top surface of the rectangular furrowing device is fixedly connected with the lower end of the plow standard, and the soil separating plate is positioned in front of the plow standard and attached to the plow standard.

The plough and rotation combined type ditching and ridging device is preferred, wherein the upper end of the plough column is provided with the top plate, and the top plate is connected with the cross beam on the rack through the U-shaped turn hoop.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: the rotary-ploughing combined ditching and ridging device disclosed by the invention is arranged on a tractor and other traction machines to work, firstly, the working width is determined by breaking the soil by the front small front plough, meanwhile, the whole machine is guided to enter the soil, then, the rotary tillage assembly carries out rotary tillage on the soil, and the plough body type ditching and ridging assembly behind the rotary tillage assembly carries out ditching and ridging, so that rotary tillage and ditching are integrated, two processes of ditching and ridging can be finished at one time, the labor intensity can be greatly reduced, and the working efficiency and the economic benefit can be improved; meanwhile, the plough body type furrowing and ridging assembly comprises a rectangular furrowing device and a dozer blade positioned on the top surface of the rectangular furrowing device, can be used for furrowing with a rectangular lower part and an inverted trapezoidal upper part, and is beneficial to irrigation and drainage; and the rotary tillage shaft of the rotary tillage component is provided with two trench wall soil cutting straight blades corresponding to the positions right ahead of the two side surfaces of the rectangular trenching device, the two trench wall soil cutting straight blades can firstly draw two deep grooves in soil along with the rotary tillage shaft, then the rectangular trenching device pushes out the soil between the two deep grooves, and meanwhile, the two side surfaces of the rectangular trenching device and the ground are further extruded and formed on the trench bottom and the trench wall, so that the soil on the two sides of the trench wall can be prevented from being torn and driven when the rectangular trenching device performs trenching, the soil on the trench wall is prevented from being loose and falling to generate soil return in the trench, the flatness and firmness of the trench wall can be greatly improved, the soil return in the trench is greatly reduced, and the cleanness in the trench is ensured.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a partial top view of a combined plough and rotary ditching and ridging device.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the main sectional structure of the combined ditching and ridging device with plow and rotary functions.

Fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view of the plow body type furrowing and ridging assembly.

Fig. 4 is a front view structure schematic diagram of the plow body type furrowing and ridging assembly.

Fig. 5 is a schematic top view of the plow body type trenching and ridging assembly.

Illustration of the drawings:

1. a frame; 11. a cross beam; 2. a rotary tillage component; 21. a rotary tillage shaft; 22. a trench wall soil cutting straight knife; 23. rotary tillage bent blades; 3. a plough body type ditching and ridging assembly; 31. a rectangular trenching device; 311. a first soil pushing surface; 312. a side surface; 313. a top surface; 32. a dozer blade; 321. cutting edges; 322. a second soil pushing surface; 323. a soil separating plate; 324. a soil separating blade; 325. a wing plate; 326. a soil plate; 33. a plough column; 34. a top plate; 4. and (5) ploughing in front of the small.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and specific examples.

As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the combined rotary-plow furrowing and ridging device of this embodiment includes a frame 1 and a rotary tillage assembly 2 mounted on the frame 1, a front plow 4 located right in front of the rotary tillage assembly 2 is mounted on the frame 1, a plow-type furrowing and ridging assembly 3 located right behind the rotary tillage assembly 2 is mounted on the frame 1, the plow-type furrowing and ridging assembly 3 includes a rectangular furrowing device 31 mounted on the frame 1, a front end surface of the rectangular furrowing device 31 is a first soil pushing surface 311, the first soil pushing surface 311 is arranged obliquely backward from bottom to top, a wall soil cutting straight blade 22 is disposed right in front of two side surfaces 312 of the rectangular furrowing device 31 on a rotary tillage shaft 21 of the rotary tillage assembly 2, a soil pushing blade 32 is disposed on a top surface 313 of the rectangular furrowing device 31, the soil pushing blade 32 has a soil cutting edge 321 extending upward from the top surface 313 and two second soil pushing surfaces 322 disposed on two sides of the soil cutting edge 321, the soil cutting edge 321 is disposed in the middle of the top surface 321, the two second soil pushing surfaces 322 are connected with two soil cutting blades 323, and connected with a soil cutting plate 323 to form a soil cutting edge 322. The rotary-ploughing combined ditching and ridging device is arranged on a tractor and other traction machines to work, firstly, the small front plough 4 in front of the rotary tillage assembly 2 breaks the soil to determine the working width, meanwhile, the whole machine is guided to enter the soil, then the rotary tillage assembly 2 carries out rotary tillage on the soil, and the plough-type ditching and ridging assembly 3 behind the rotary tillage assembly 2 carries out ditching and ridging, integrates rotary tillage and ditching into a whole, can finish two procedures of ditching and ridging at one time, can greatly reduce the labor intensity, and improves the working efficiency and the economic benefit; meanwhile, the plow body type furrowing and ridging assembly 3 comprises a rectangular furrowing device 31 and a dozer blade 32 positioned on the top surface 313 of the rectangular furrowing device 31, and can be used for furrowing furrows with rectangular lower parts and inverted trapezoidal upper parts, and the furrow-shaped section can ensure a larger inverted trapezoidal inclination angle (namely a furrow wall inclination angle) on the premise that the furrow depth and the furrow surface width are determined, ensure that the furrow wall inclination angle is greater than a soil accumulation angle to maintain the stability of the furrow shape, and is favorable for drainage and irrigation; moreover, the rotary tillage shaft 21 of the rotary tillage assembly 2 is provided with two trench wall soil cutting straight knives 22 corresponding to the positions right ahead of the two side surfaces 312 of the rectangular trenching device 31, the two trench wall soil cutting straight knives 22 can firstly cut two deep grooves in the soil along with the rotary tillage shaft 21, then the rectangular trenching device 31 pushes out the soil between the two deep grooves, and meanwhile, the two side surfaces 312 of the rectangular trenching device 31 and the ground further extrude and form the trench bottom and the trench wall, so that the soil at the two sides of the trench wall can be prevented from being torn and driven when the rectangular trenching device 31 forms the trench, the soil at the trench wall is prevented from being loose and falling to generate soil return in the trench, the flatness and firmness of the trench wall can be greatly improved, the soil return in the trench is greatly reduced, and the cleanness of the trench is ensured.

In this embodiment, the rear edge of each second soil pushing surface 322 is connected with a wing plate 325 extending backwards, the width between the wing plates 325 connected with the two second soil pushing surfaces 322 gradually increases along the forward and backward direction and the downward and upward direction, the rear edge of each soil separating plate 323 is connected with a soil pushing plate 326 extending backwards, the lower edge of the wing plate 325 is connected with the top surface 313, and the upper edge of the wing plate 325 is connected with the lower edge of the soil pushing plate 326. The two wing plates 325 and the two bulldozers 326 are combined to form a box structure with wide front and narrow back, wide top and narrow bottom, so that soil on two sides of the furrow wall of the furrow opened by the rectangular furrow forming device 31 and the bulldozer 32 can be further compacted, the flatness and firmness of the furrow wall are further improved, soil return in the furrow is reduced, and later-stage irrigation and drainage work is facilitated.

In this embodiment, cutting edge 321 lower extreme is located the place ahead of cutting edge 321 upper end, and cutting edge 321 extends to the upper end from the lower extreme along the pitch arc to top surface 313 direction indent, and cutting edge 321 of this kind of form can progressively push away soil crushing and guide to two second and push away soil face 322, pushes away soil face 322 by two second and disperses to pterygoid lamina 325's ridge body region to reduce the ditching degree of difficulty, improve the ditching quality. In this embodiment, each second pushes away soil surface 322 for the guide soil simultaneously upwards with the arcwall face of outside motion, can alleviate the ditching resistance, reduce the ditching degree of difficulty, improve the ditching quality.

In this embodiment, the soil-dividing blade 324 extends along a vertical upward line, so as to ensure the uniformity of soil dividing to both sides, improve the working stability and the ditching quality, and the soil-dividing plate 323 and the soil-pushing plate 326 are both vertically arranged.

In this embodiment, the small front plough 4 is located right ahead of the middle of the first soil pushing surface 311, which is beneficial to stability, the small front plough 4 firstly breaks the soil to determine the working width in the operation process of the machine, and simultaneously the whole machine is guided to enter the soil, so that the ditching resistance can be reduced.

In this embodiment, the rotary tillage component 2 comprises a rotary tillage shaft 21 and a plurality of rotary tillage bent blades 23 which are arranged on the frame 1, the rotary tillage bent blades 23 are spirally arranged around the rotary tillage shaft 21, the rotary tillage component 2 can perform rotary tillage and stubble burying of previous stubbles, and high previous stubbles can be completed by one-step operation. The rotary tillage curved blades 23 and the trench wall soil cutting straight blades 22 are respectively mounted on a blade holder fixed on the rotary tillage shaft 21 by bolts.

In this embodiment, two trench wall soil cutting straight blades 22 are disposed on the rotary tillage shaft 21 right in front of each side surface 312 of the rectangular trench forming device 31, and each side surface 312 of the rectangular trench forming device 31 and the two corresponding trench wall soil cutting straight blades 22 are located in the same plane. The ditching machine is simple in structure and low in cost, and can improve ditching quality. In other embodiments, the rectangular furrow forming device 31 may extend into the space between the two furrow wall soil cutting straight knives 22 on the two sides, and each side surface 312 of the rectangular furrow forming device 31 is close to or attached to the inner side of the plane where the two furrow wall soil cutting straight knives 22 on the corresponding side are located, so that the rectangular furrow forming device 31 pushes out the soil between the two deep grooves when the furrow wall soil cutting straight knives 22 cut the two deep grooves in the soil, thereby further improving the quality of furrowing.

In the embodiment, the rectangular furrowing device 31 is arranged on the rack 1 through the plow standard 33, the upper end of the plow standard 33 is connected with the rack 1, the top surface 313 of the rectangular furrowing device 31 is fixedly connected with the lower end of the plow standard 33, the soil separating plate 323 is positioned in front of the plow standard 33 and is attached to the plow standard 33, and the plow standard 33 plays a role in pushing, blocking and positioning the soil separating plate 323, so that the stress of the soil separating plate 323 can be optimized, the soil separating plate 323 is prevented from deforming, the working stability and reliability are improved, and the positioning and the installation of the soil separating plate 323 are facilitated.

In the embodiment, the top plate 34 is arranged at the upper end of the plow standard 33, the top plate 34 is connected with the cross beam 11 on the frame 1 through the U-shaped circle hoop, the installation position along the cross beam 11 can be adjusted, the ridge width can be further adjusted, the carriage surface can be adjusted according to different agricultural requirements of different regions, and the application range is widened.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a combination formula ditching ridging device is revolved to plough, includes frame (1) and rotary tillage subassembly (2) of installing in frame (1), its characterized in that: install little preceding plough (4) that are located the dead ahead of rotary tillage subassembly (2) on frame (1), install plough body formula ditching ridging subassembly (3) that are located the dead ahead of rotary tillage subassembly (2) on frame (1), plough body formula ditching ridging subassembly (3) is including installing rectangle ditching ware (31) on frame (1), the preceding terminal surface of rectangle ditching ware (31) is first pushes away soil face (311), first pushing away soil face (311) is inclined backward along the orientation from bottom to top and is arranged, the position just ahead of two sides (312) that correspond to rectangle ditching ware (31) on rotary tillage axle (21) of rotary tillage subassembly (2) all is equipped with two ditch wall soil cutting straight sword (22), each side (312) of the rectangular ditch forming device (31) and the two corresponding ditch wall soil cutting straight cutters (22) are positioned in the same plane, a soil pushing shovel (32) is arranged on the top surface (313) of the rectangular ditch forming device (31), the soil pushing shovel (32) is provided with a cutting edge (321) extending upwards from the top surface (313) and two second soil pushing surfaces (322) respectively arranged at two sides of the cutting edge (321), the cutting edge (321) is positioned at the middle position of the top surface (313), the upper edges of the two second soil pushing surfaces (322) are respectively connected with a soil separating plate (323) extending upwards, and the soil separating plates (323) connected with the two second soil pushing surfaces (322) are intersected to form a soil separating plate connected with the upper ends of the cutting edge (321) A soil-dividing blade (324);

wing plates (325) extending backwards are connected to the rear edges of the second soil pushing surfaces (322), the width between the wing plates (325) connected with the two second soil pushing surfaces (322) is gradually increased along the forward and backward direction and the downward and upward direction, a soil pushing plate (326) extending backwards is connected to the rear edge of each soil separating plate (323), the lower edges of the wing plates (325) are connected with the top surface (313), and the upper edges of the wing plates (325) are connected with the lower edges of the soil pushing plate (326).

2. The rotary-plow combined ditching and ridging device of claim 1, wherein: the lower end of the cutting edge (321) is positioned in front of the upper end of the cutting edge (321), and the cutting edge (321) extends to the upper end from the lower end along an arc line which is concave towards the top surface (313).

3. The rotary-ploughing combined ditching and ridging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: each second soil pushing surface (322) is an arc-shaped surface for guiding the soil to move upwards and outwards simultaneously.

4. The rotary-plow combined ditching and ridging device of claim 1, wherein: the soil dividing blade (324) extends along a vertically upward line, and the soil dividing plate (323) and the dozer plate (326) are both arranged vertically.

5. The rotary-ploughing combined ditching and ridging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the small front plough (4) is positioned right ahead of the middle part of the first soil pushing surface (311).

6. The rotary-ploughing combined ditching and ridging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the rotary tillage component (2) comprises a rotary tillage shaft (21) and a plurality of rotary tillage bent blades (23) which are arranged on the rack (1), and the rotary tillage bent blades (23) are spirally arranged around the rotary tillage shaft (21).

7. The rotary-plow combined furrowing and ridging device of any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein: the rectangular furrowing machine (31) is installed on the rack (1) through a plough column (33), the upper end of the plough column (33) is connected with the rack (1), the top surface (313) of the rectangular furrowing machine (31) is fixedly connected with the lower end of the plough column (33), and the soil separating plate (323) is located in front of the plough column (33) and attached to the plough column (33).

8. The rotary-plow combined ditching and ridging device of claim 7, wherein: the upper end of the plough column (33) is provided with a top plate (34), and the top plate (34) is connected with a cross beam (11) on the machine frame (1) through a U-shaped turn hoop.