CN107580927A - A kind of pest control method of citrus - Google Patents
A kind of pest control method of citrus Download PDFInfo
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- CN107580927A CN107580927A CN201710740939.5A CN201710740939A CN107580927A CN 107580927 A CN107580927 A CN 107580927A CN 201710740939 A CN201710740939 A CN 201710740939A CN 107580927 A CN107580927 A CN 107580927A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
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Abstract
The present invention relates to pest and disease control of fruit trees technical field, more particularly to a kind of pest control method of citrus；Methods described includes the step such as prevention and control soil-borne disease, Protect natural enemies, the sick branch of removing and disease tree and unmanned plane spray preventing and treating.Compared with conventional method; the present invention is by using prevention and control soil-borne disease, Protect natural enemies and removes the prevention method such as sick branch and disease tree; and combine unmanned plane spray preventing and treating; pest and disease damage is not only set to obtain timely, comprehensive control; chemical pesticide is also reduced to use; natural enemy and ecological environment are protected, fruit residues of pesticides is met standard, improves the quality of fruit.
Description
【Technical field】
The present invention relates to pest and disease control of fruit trees technical field, more particularly to a kind of pest control method of citrus.
【Background technology】
Citrus is the pillar industry in south China main producing region rural area in the plantation of the existing large area in southern area, planting tube
Reason technology has tended to be ripe, but large area citrus manufacturing management system is extensive, and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control still based on chemical pesticide, is led
Pesticide use amount is caused to increase year by year, orchard environment is seriously damaged, and natural enemy quantity is reduced, citrus red mite, citrus wood
The disease such as the insect pests such as lice, aphid, leaf miner, blister mite and aleyrodid, Sooty mould, anthracnose, anthracnose, canker and phytophthora root rot is in
Ascendant trend year by year, fruit residues of pesticides are exceeded, influence the quality of fruit.Larger plus cultivated area, Citrus Orchard is mostly mound
Mound or mountain region, the artificial spraying operation of the carry out such as knapsack sprayer, pedal spraying machine and motor-driven high-pressure spray gun is only relied on, is caused
Labor intensity is big, and cost is high, seriously polluted, and dispenser personnel are also easy to that pesticide poisoning event occurs in sultry moist environment,
And the speed that manually sprays is slow, it is impossible to the spraying of quick all standing formula is carried out in the short time, control effect is poor.Therefore, citrus
Pest and disease damage science, quick, comprehensive prevention and controls, are the major issues that current citrus large-scale plantation faces.
【The content of the invention】
In view of the above, the invention provides a kind of pest control method of citrus, this method is by using prevention and control
Soil-borne disease, Protect natural enemies and the prevention method such as the sick branch of removing and disease tree, and combine unmanned plane spray and prevent and treat, not only make pest and disease damage
Timely, comprehensive control is obtained, chemical pesticide is also reduced and uses, protect natural enemy and ecological environment, accord with fruit residues of pesticides
Standardization, improve the quality of fruit.
To reach above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is：
A kind of pest control method of citrus, comprises the following steps：
(1) prevention and control soil-borne disease：Annual winter botanical pesticide is with water with 1:20-30 weight is than mixing irrigation soils
2-3 times, to reduce survive the winter pathogenic bacteria and insect radix；
(2) Protect natural enemies：After annual spring removes weeds, between fruit tree gap plantation and citrus without symbiosis disease,
And the herbaceous plant in sufficient nectar source and habitat can be provided for natural enemy, and natural enemy is launched in the herbaceous plant florescence, increase
Add the population advantage of natural enemy；
(3) sick branch and disease tree are removed：The closed strain of annual winter intermediate cutting or prune off, bounce back closed strain, wipe out various withered branches,
Sick branch, prune strain of growing thickly off, keep ventilation and penetrating light；And yellow twig diseased plant is surgeried in time；
(4) unmanned plane spray preventing and treating：Young sprout is covered for 3-5 days before taking out hair with the 500-700 times of unmanned plane spraying of insect repellent agent
Cover the volatile flavor of citrus；Young sprout takes out the hair phase with 500-800 times of unmanned plane spraying preventing and treating canker of bactericide；Autumn growth length is to 2-
It is 1500-2000 times of unmanned plane spraying preventing and treating red spider of the mixed liquor of insecticide and equivalent bactericide during 3cm, wood louse, aphid, latent
Leaf moth, blister mite, aleyrodid, Sooty mould and anthracnose；600-800 times of unmanned plane spraying of metalaxyl or metalaxyl when autumn growth turns green
Prevent and treat fruit phytophthora root rot；With 500-600 times of unmanned plane spraying preventing and treating red spider of acaricide before blooming.
Further, in step (1), the preparation method of the botanical pesticide is：Count in parts by weight, by golden cypress 15-
20 parts, Sievers wormwood 8-14 parts, castor-oil plant 7-10 parts, Celastrus angulatus 5-8 parts, root of langdu 4-7 parts, Dalmatian chrysanthemum 14-25 parts and sweet wormwood 5-9 parts one
With chopping, add in the water of 10-20 times of weight and decoct 1-2h, repeat to decoct 2-3 times, merge decoction liquor, decoction liquor is concentrated into
The 1/4 of original volume, produce the botanical pesticide.
Further, in step (2), the herbaceous plant is Chinese milk vetch, clover, vetch, Ageratum conyzoides or rye grass
In one or more.
Further, in step (4), the preparation method of the insect repellent agent is：By garlic 10-15 parts, marigold 5-8
The second that part, cordate houttuynia 6-11 parts and false stinkweed 13-18 parts add 8-10 times of weight volumetric concentration after together grinding is 75-85%
Refluxing extraction in alcohol, extraction 2-4 times is repeated, merges extract solution, be concentrated into the 1/3 of original volume, and mixed with the mineral oil of equivalent,
Produce the insect repellent agent.
Further, in step (4), the bactericide is one kind in MBAMT, agricultural streptomycin or Bordeaux mixture.
Further, in step (4), the insecticide is one kind in ant worm woods, good winter in year or red rust mite class.
The present invention has the advantages that：
(1) present invention by using prevention and control soil-borne disease, Protect natural enemies and removes the prevention method such as sick branch and disease tree, and ties
Unmanned plane spray preventing and treating is closed, pest and disease damage is obtained timely, comprehensive control, chemical pesticide is also reduced and uses, protect day
Enemy and ecological environment, make fruit residues of pesticides meet standard, improve the quality of fruit.
(2) in prevention and control soil-borne disease of the present invention, annual winter botanical pesticide and water mixing irrigation soils, plant source agriculture
Medicine is made up of the extraction of golden cypress, Sievers wormwood, castor-oil plant, Celastrus angulatus, the root of langdu, Dalmatian chrysanthemum and sweet wormwood, can press down to kill to bury and be survived the winter in soil
Polypide, worm's ovum and pathogenic bacteria, reduction survives the winter pathogenic bacteria and insect radix, further reduces the generation of coming year soil-borne disease insect pest.
(3) in Protect natural enemies of the present invention, Chinese milk vetch, clover, vetch, Ageratum conyzoides or the rye grass of annual spring plantation
Sufficient nectar source and habitat can be provided for natural enemy, promotes it to inhabit and breed, adds population advantage, further reduces disease
The generation of insect pest.
(4) the insect repellent agent in unmanned plane of the present invention preventing and treating by garlic, marigold, cordate houttuynia and false stinkweed extraction system
Into, with mineral oil compound, Synergistic, the volatile flavor of citrus can be sheltered, substantially reduce diaphorina citri adult on young sprout
Stop, endanger and lay eggs, and then reduce the incidence of disease of yellow twig.
【Embodiment】
All features disclosed in this specification, or disclosed all methods or during the step of, except mutually exclusive
Feature and/or step beyond, can combine in any way.
Any feature disclosed in this specification (including any accessory claim, summary), unless specifically stated otherwise, each
Feature is an example in a series of equivalent or similar characteristics.
Embodiment 1
A kind of pest control method of citrus of the present embodiment, comprises the following steps：
(1) prevention and control soil-borne disease：Annual winter botanical pesticide is with water with 1:20 weight is than mixing irrigation soils 2
It is secondary, to reduce survive the winter pathogenic bacteria and insect radix；Wherein, the preparation method of botanical pesticide is：Count in parts by weight, by golden cypress
5 parts of 15 parts, 8 parts of Sievers wormwood, 7 parts of castor-oil plant, 5 parts of Celastrus angulatus, 4 parts of the root of langdu, 14 parts of Dalmatian chrysanthemum and sweet wormwood together shred, and add 10 times
1h is decocted in the water of weight, repeats to decoct 2 times, merges decoction liquor, decoction liquor is concentrated into the 1/4 of original volume, produces the plant
Material resource agricultural chemicals；
(2) Protect natural enemies：After annual spring removes weeds, between fruit tree gap plantation and citrus without symbiosis disease,
And the herbaceous plant in sufficient nectar source and habitat can be provided for natural enemy, and natural enemy is launched in the herbaceous plant florescence, increase
Add the population advantage of natural enemy；Wherein, the herbaceous plant of plantation is Chinese milk vetch, vetch and rye grass；
(3) sick branch and disease tree are removed：The closed strain of annual winter intermediate cutting or prune off, bounce back closed strain, wipe out various withered branches,
Sick branch, prune strain of growing thickly off, keep ventilation and penetrating light；And yellow twig diseased plant is surgeried in time；
(4) unmanned plane spray preventing and treating：Young sprout shelters citrus in 3 days before taking out hair with the 500 times of unmanned plane sprayings of insect repellent agent
Volatile flavor；Young sprout takes out the hair phase with 500-800 times of unmanned plane spraying preventing and treating canker of MBAMT；When autumn growth length is to 2-3cm
With ant worm woods and mixed liquor 1500 times of unmanned plane spraying preventing and treating red spiders, wood louse, aphid, leaf miner, rust walls of equivalent MBAMT
Lice, aleyrodid, Sooty mould and anthracnose；With 600 times of unmanned plane spraying preventing and treating fruit phytophthora root rots of metalaxyl when autumn growth turns green；Before blooming
With 500 times of unmanned plane spraying preventing and treating red spiders of acaricide；Wherein, the preparation method of insect repellent agent is：By 10 parts of garlic, Wan Shou
13 parts of 5 parts of chrysanthemum, 6 parts of cordate houttuynia and false stinkweed add 8 times of weight volumetric concentration after together grinding is to be flowed back in 75% ethanol
Extraction, extraction 2 times is repeated, merge extract solution, be concentrated into the 1/3 of original volume, and mixed with the mineral oil of equivalent, produce the evil
Worm repellent agent.
Embodiment 2
A kind of pest control method of citrus of the present embodiment, comprises the following steps：
(1) prevention and control soil-borne disease：Annual winter botanical pesticide is with water with 1:30 weight is than mixing irrigation soils 3
It is secondary, to reduce survive the winter pathogenic bacteria and insect radix；Wherein, the preparation method of botanical pesticide is：Count in parts by weight, by golden cypress
9 parts of 20 parts, 14 parts of Sievers wormwood, 10 parts of castor-oil plant, 8 parts of Celastrus angulatus, 7 parts of the root of langdu, 25 parts of Dalmatian chrysanthemum and sweet wormwood together shred, and add 20
2h is decocted in the water of times weight, repeats to decoct 3 times, merges decoction liquor, decoction liquor is concentrated into the 1/4 of original volume, is produced described
Botanical pesticide；
(2) Protect natural enemies：After annual spring removes weeds, between fruit tree gap plantation and citrus without symbiosis disease,
And the herbaceous plant in sufficient nectar source and habitat can be provided for natural enemy, and natural enemy is launched in the herbaceous plant florescence, increase
Add the population advantage of natural enemy；Wherein, the herbaceous plant of plantation is clover；
(3) sick branch and disease tree are removed：The closed strain of annual winter intermediate cutting or prune off, bounce back closed strain, wipe out various withered branches,
Sick branch, prune strain of growing thickly off, keep ventilation and penetrating light；And yellow twig diseased plant is surgeried in time；
(4) unmanned plane spray preventing and treating：Young sprout shelters citrus in 5 days before taking out hair with the 700 times of unmanned plane sprayings of insect repellent agent
Volatile flavor；Young sprout takes out the hair phase with 800 times of unmanned plane spraying preventing and treating cankers of agricultural streptomycin；When autumn growth length is to 2-3cm
Make good use of 2000 times of unmanned planes spraying preventing and treating red spiders of mixed liquor of year winter and equivalent agricultural streptomycin, wood louse, aphid, leaf miner,
Blister mite, aleyrodid, Sooty mould and anthracnose；With 800 times of unmanned plane spraying preventing and treating fruit phytophthora root rots of metalaxyl when autumn growth turns green；Open
With 600 times of unmanned plane spraying preventing and treating red spiders of acaricide before spending；Wherein, the preparation method of insect repellent agent is：By 5 parts of garlic,
The ethanol that 18 parts of 8 parts of marigold, 11 parts of cordate houttuynia and false stinkweed add 10 times of weight volumetric concentration after together grinding is 85%
Middle refluxing extraction, extraction 4 times is repeated, merge extract solution, be concentrated into the 1/3 of original volume, and mixed with the mineral oil of equivalent, produced
The insect repellent agent.
Embodiment 3
A kind of pest control method of citrus of the present embodiment, comprises the following steps：
(1) prevention and control soil-borne disease：Annual winter botanical pesticide is with water with 1:25 weight is than mixing irrigation soils 2
It is secondary, to reduce survive the winter pathogenic bacteria and insect radix；Wherein, the preparation method of botanical pesticide is：Count in parts by weight, by golden cypress
8 parts of 18 parts, 11 parts of Sievers wormwood, 8 parts of castor-oil plant, 6 parts of Celastrus angulatus, 6 parts of the root of langdu, 21 parts of Dalmatian chrysanthemum and sweet wormwood together shred, and add 15
1.5h is decocted in the water of times weight, repeats to decoct 3 times, merges decoction liquor, decoction liquor is concentrated into the 1/4 of original volume, produces institute
State botanical pesticide；
(2) Protect natural enemies：After annual spring removes weeds, between fruit tree gap plantation and citrus without symbiosis disease,
And the herbaceous plant in sufficient nectar source and habitat can be provided for natural enemy, and natural enemy is launched in the herbaceous plant florescence, increase
Add the population advantage of natural enemy；Wherein, the herbaceous plant of plantation is Chinese milk vetch, clover, vetch and rye grass；
(3) sick branch and disease tree are removed：The closed strain of annual winter intermediate cutting or prune off, bounce back closed strain, wipe out various withered branches,
Sick branch, prune strain of growing thickly off, keep ventilation and penetrating light；And yellow twig diseased plant is surgeried in time；
(4) unmanned plane spray preventing and treating：Young sprout shelters citrus in 4 days before taking out hair with the 600 times of unmanned plane sprayings of insect repellent agent
Volatile flavor；Young sprout takes out the hair phase with 700 times of unmanned plane spraying preventing and treating cankers of Bordeaux mixture；Used when autumn growth length is to 2-3cm
Mixed liquor 1800 times of unmanned plane spraying preventing and treating red spiders, wood louse, aphid, leaf miner, rust of red rust mite class and equivalent Bordeaux mixture
Tick, aleyrodid, Sooty mould and anthracnose；With 700 times of unmanned plane spraying preventing and treating fruit phytophthora root rots of metalaxyl when autumn growth turns green；Bloom
It is preceding to prevent and treat red spiders with 550 times of unmanned plane sprayings of acaricide；Wherein, the preparation method of insect repellent agent is：By 12 parts of garlic, ten thousand
Returned in the ethanol that 15 parts of 6 parts of longevity chrysanthemum, 9 parts of cordate houttuynia and false stinkweed add 9 times of weight volumetric concentration after together grinding is 80%
Stream extraction, repeats extraction 3 times, merges extract solution, is concentrated into the 1/3 of original volume, and is mixed with the mineral oil of equivalent, produces described
Insect repellent agent.
Contrast test：
Effect to illustrate the invention, applicant are tested in Lipu county of hazard prevention Citrus shatangju planting base,
Experiment be divided into first group, second group, the 3rd group, contrast groups 1, contrast groups 2, contrast groups 3, totally 7 groups of contrast groups 4, Mei Ge little
Group area is 3 mu, and the granulated sugar tangerine planted was 2 ages, and growing way is basically identical.First group, second group, third component do not use
Embodiment 1, embodiment 2, the method for embodiment 3 carry out the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control；Contrast groups 1 unused botanical pesticide of annual winter with
Water mixing irrigation soils 2 times, only with the water of equivalent irrigate 2 times, other steps are same as Example 3；Contrast groups 2 are without step
Rapid 2, i.e., unprotected natural enemy, other steps are same as Example 3；Contrast groups 3 manually replace unmanned plane to spray in step 3
Medicine, other steps are same as Example 3；Contrast groups 4 in step 3, are not carried out for 4 days before young sprout takes out hair with insect repellent agent
Spraying, other steps are same as Example 3.Other management conditions of each group are consistent, after the preventing and treating of 1 year, chemical pesticide
Access times and fruit persticide residue are as shown in table 1：
Table 1
First group from table 1, second group, it was found from the 3rd group of data, use the inventive method to prevent and treat 1 year, chemicals
Access times are 5-6 times, and citrus fruit persticide residue is not exceeded, reaches nuisanceless standard；Can with contrast groups 1 from the 3rd group
Know：Winter botanical pesticide and water mixing irrigation soils, it can press down to kill and bury the polypide to be survived the winter in soil, worm's ovum and cause a disease
Bacterium, survive the winter pathogenic bacteria and insect radix are reduced, further reduces the generation of coming year soil-borne disease insect pest；From the 3rd group and contrast groups 2
Understand：The herbaceous plant planted between spring can provide sufficient nectar source and habitat for natural enemy, promote it to inhabit and breed, increase
Population advantage, further reduce the generation of pest and disease damage；It was found from the 3rd group and contrast groups 3：Unmanned plane quickly can comprehensively enter
Row preventing and treating, effect is better than artificial；It was found from the 3rd group and contrast groups 4：Insect repellent agent compounds with mineral oil, can shelter citrus
Volatile flavor, substantially reduce diaphorina citri adult and stop, endanger and lay eggs on young sprout, reduce the incidence of disease of yellow twig, enter
And reduce times for spraying.
Embodiment described above only expresses the several embodiments of the present invention, and its description is more specific and detailed, but simultaneously
Therefore limitation of the scope of the invention can not be interpreted as.It should be pointed out that for the person of ordinary skill of the art,
Without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, various modifications and improvements can be made, these belong to the protection model of the present invention
Enclose.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of pest control method of citrus, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) prevention and control soil-borne disease：Annual winter botanical pesticide is with water with 1:20-30 weight is than mixing irrigation soils 2-3
It is secondary, to reduce survive the winter pathogenic bacteria and insect radix；
(2) Protect natural enemies：After annual spring removes weeds, plantation and citrus are without symbiosis disease between fruit tree gap, and energy
The herbaceous plant in sufficient nectar source and habitat is provided for natural enemy, and natural enemy is launched in the herbaceous plant florescence, increases day
The population advantage of enemy；
(3) sick branch and disease tree are removed：The closed strain of annual winter intermediate cutting or prune off, bounce back closed strain, wipe out various withered branches, disease pest
Branch, prune strain of growing thickly off, keep ventilation and penetrating light；And yellow twig diseased plant is surgeried in time；
(4) unmanned plane spray preventing and treating：Young sprout shelters mandarin orange in 3-5 days before taking out hair with the 500-700 times of unmanned plane spraying of insect repellent agent
The volatile flavor of tangerine；Young sprout takes out the hair phase with 500-800 times of unmanned plane spraying preventing and treating canker of bactericide；Autumn growth length is to 2-3cm
When insecticide and 1500-2000 times of unmanned plane of mixed liquor spraying preventing and treating red spider of equivalent bactericide, wood louse, aphid, leaf mining
Moth, blister mite, aleyrodid, Sooty mould and anthracnose；Metalaxyl or 600-800 times of unmanned plane spraying of metalaxyl are anti-when autumn growth turns green
Control fruit phytophthora root rot；With 500-600 times of unmanned plane spraying preventing and treating red spider of acaricide before blooming.
A kind of 2. pest control method of citrus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step (1), the plant
The preparation method of source pesticide is：Count in parts by weight, by golden cypress 15-20 parts, Sievers wormwood 8-14 parts, castor-oil plant 7-10 parts, Celastrus angulatus
5-8 parts, root of langdu 4-7 parts, Dalmatian chrysanthemum 14-25 parts and sweet wormwood 5-9 parts are together shredded, and are added in the water of 10-20 times of weight and are decocted 1-
2h, repeat to decoct 2-3 times, merge decoction liquor, decoction liquor is concentrated into the 1/4 of original volume, produces the botanical pesticide.
A kind of 3. pest control method of citrus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step (2), the draft
Plant is the one or more in Chinese milk vetch, clover, vetch, Ageratum conyzoides or rye grass.
A kind of 4. pest control method of citrus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step (4), the insect
The preparation method of repellent agent is：By garlic 10-15 parts, marigold 5-8 parts, cordate houttuynia 6-11 parts and false stinkweed 13-18 parts together
Refluxing extraction in the ethanol that the volumetric concentration that 8-10 times of weight is added after grinding is 75-85%, repeats extraction 2-4 times, merging carries
Liquid is taken, is concentrated into the 1/3 of original volume, and is mixed with the mineral oil of equivalent, produces the insect repellent agent.
A kind of 5. pest control method of citrus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step (4), the sterilization
Agent is one kind in MBAMT, agricultural streptomycin or Bordeaux mixture.
A kind of 6. pest control method of citrus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step (4), the desinsection
Agent is one kind in ant worm woods, good winter in year or red rust mite class.
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| CN110741860A (en) * | 2019-09-18 | 2020-02-04 | 广东省生物资源应用研究所 | Planting method for citrus orchard helpful for pest control |
| CN111011399A (en) * | 2019-11-01 | 2020-04-17 | 华侨大学 | Citrus psylla botanical insecticide and preparation method thereof |
| CN112042447A (en) * | 2020-09-04 | 2020-12-08 | 海南唯高科技有限公司 | Method for uniformly preventing and controlling diseases and insect pests of cherry tomatoes |
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