CN107576619B - Hyperspectral test and analysis method for detecting concrete corrosion products - Google Patents
Hyperspectral test and analysis method for detecting concrete corrosion products Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a spectral test and analysis method for detecting concrete corrosion products, which comprises the following steps: (S1) establishing a spectrum library of concrete raw materials, hydration products and corrosion products; (S2) determining technical parameters of spectrum acquisition according to the properties of the detection object; (S3) acquiring spectral data of the detection target in different environments; (S4) preprocessing the measured spectrum curve and extracting characteristic parameters; (S5) the ratio and the derivation of the spectral curve are processed, and the generation process of the corrosive products of the detection object is analyzed. The method utilizes a hyperspectral measurement technology, adopts a portable spectrometer to carry out spectrum acquisition on the concrete damage degradation process under the conditions of standard curing and solution corrosion, and analyzes the difference of the spectrum characteristics of different ages and different corrosion conditions by ratio derivative spectroscopy after the treatment of wavelet denoising, envelope curve removal and the like; the abundance of the expansive product of the concrete in the corrosive solution is detected, and the requirement of nondestructive detection of the corrosive product of the concrete is met.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a nondestructive testing technology of concrete, in particular to a hyperspectral test and analysis method for detecting concrete corrosion products.
Background
The nondestructive concrete detecting technology is to detect the concrete without destroying the concrete structure, obtain the concrete physical quantity information which is needed most by people, digitize and image the information, find various defects which may appear in the engineering and solve the problems which appear in the engineering. Currently, the common concrete nondestructive testing technology is generally used for testing concrete strength, defects (compactness, cracks, new and old concrete joint surfaces, loose layers and the like), reinforcement position (diameter can be estimated) and other parameters of a reinforced concrete structure entity.
In the actual service process of the concrete structure, the concrete structure is subjected to various complex mechanical actions and chemical actions, particularly chemical corrosion actions, and the concrete performance is influenced. For the research on chemical corrosion of concrete, microscopic analysis is usually performed by methods such as scanning electron microscopy, energy spectroscopy, XRD diffraction and the like, and the durability and safety of the material structure are evaluated. However, these methods usually require sampling of concrete, which results in damage to the concrete structure, and require fixed system equipment, long detection period and poor continuity. And it is impossible to periodically provide a large number of samples for a damage test for an in-service concrete structure.
In recent years, hyperspectral technology has been widely applied to the fields of food detection and grading, agricultural survey and monitoring, chemical detection and analysis and the like, such as rapid authenticity detection of grease, crop quality analysis, dynamic detection of soil mineral components and the like. The hyperspectral testing and analyzing method can be used for visually, simply and rapidly detecting the generation process of the concrete corrosion product in a nondestructive mode, is beneficial to supplement the nondestructive testing technology of the concrete corrosion product, and has important significance for the research of the concrete performance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of the existing concrete nondestructive testing method, and provides a hyperspectral testing and analyzing method for detecting concrete corrosion products.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a hyperspectral test and analysis method for detecting concrete corrosion products is carried out according to the following steps:
step 1: establishing a spectrum library of concrete raw materials, hydration products and corrosion products;
step 2: determining technical parameters of spectrum acquisition according to the properties of the detected object;
and step 3: collecting spectral data of detection targets in different environments;
and 4, step 4: preprocessing an actually measured spectrum curve and extracting characteristic parameters;
and 5: and (5) performing ratio and derivation processing on the spectral curves, and analyzing the generation process of the corrosive products of the detection object.
Compared with the prior art, the invention adopting the technical scheme has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the method has the advantages of non-contact and nondestructive detection, can be used for repeated and continuous monitoring in a maintenance or corrosion environment, and is a timely, accurate and continuous nondestructive detection method.
(2) The method comprises the steps of utilizing a hyperspectral measurement technology, adopting a portable spectrometer to carry out spectrum collection on a concrete damage degradation process under standard curing and solution corrosion conditions, and analyzing differences of spectral characteristics of different ages and different corrosion conditions through ratio derivative spectroscopy after wavelet denoising, envelope curve removal and the like; the abundance of the expansive product of the concrete in the corrosive solution is detected, and the requirement of nondestructive detection of the corrosive product of the concrete is met.
Preferably, the further technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the step 1 comprises the following steps:
(1) collecting a concrete related spectrum curve: collecting a spectrum curve of a concrete raw material comprising cement, sand, gravel, water, a water reducing agent and a mineral admixture by using a spectrometer; collecting a spectral curve of a hydration product of concrete under a non-corrosive condition; collecting a spectral curve of a product generated under a concrete corrosion condition;
(2) and performing envelope removal and normalization processing on the spectral curves of the concrete raw material, the hydration product and the corrosion product, and extracting characteristic parameters of the actually measured spectral curves of the raw material, wherein the characteristic parameters comprise an absorption position P, an absorption depth H, an absorption width W, an absorption symmetry B and an absorption area S.
The step 2 comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting concrete A in a non-corrosive environment and concrete B in a corrosive environment on a detection object as detection points;
(2) designing and monitoring total time S and a spectrum acquisition period T, wherein the total times N of spectrum measurement is S/T;
(3) and determining the moisture degree of the spectrum collection sample, the number and the position of monitoring points, the minimum collection distance and the observation frequency parameters in the single spectrum collection process.
The step 3 comprises the following steps:
(1) performing uninterrupted N-time spectral measurement on the concrete A in a non-corrosive environment and the concrete B in a corrosive environment;
(2) the ith spectrum of the concrete A is collected as the average value of a plurality of point spectrum measurements, namely Ki(i＝1，2，3，……，N)；
(3) The ith spectrum of concrete B was collected as the average of several point spectral measurements, i.e. Li(i＝1，2，3，……，N)。
The step 4 comprises the following steps:
(1) performing wavelet denoising and smoothing on the actually measured spectrum curve to remove an envelope curve;
(2) the curve of the concrete A after envelope removal processing is SKiThe curve of the B target after envelope elimination processing is S Li；
(3) And extracting absorption characteristic parameters of the spectrum curve, wherein the characteristic parameters comprise an absorption position P, an absorption depth H, an absorption width W, an absorption symmetry degree B and an absorption area S, and determining a spectrum absorption characteristic interval of the detection object.
The step 5 comprises the following steps:
(1) processing the spectral curve ratio of the concrete A and the concrete B at the same monitoring time i: spectral curve
(i＝1，2，3，……，N)；
(2) Curve of spectrum
Matching with a standard wave spectrum library of corrosive products, and performing fitting analysis;
(3) curve of spectrum
And (4) carrying out derivation, and carrying out quantitative analysis on the generation of corrosive products of the detection object.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a spectral plot of a gypsum and ettringite mixture;
FIG. 3 is a spectrum curve of concrete A, B after envelope elimination;
FIG. 4 is a plot of ratio of age versus envelope removal spectrum after derivation;
FIG. 5 is a plot of the spectrum after the ratio versus the spectral range of the concrete corrosion product.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, and for better understanding of the technical solutions of the present invention, the following principles and embodiments will be derived:
raw materials and mixing ratio. As shown in Table 1, the raw materials used for preparing the concrete include cement, fly ash, mineral powder, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, water and water reducing agent. The cement is P.O 42.5 ordinary portland cement produced by Tangshanji Dong cement GmbH; the fly ash is II-grade ash; the mineral powder is blast furnace slag quenched by water; the water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency water reducing agent; the fine aggregate is natural river sand; the coarse aggregate is 5-20 mm continuous graded broken stone.
TABLE 1 concrete mix proportion (kg/m)3)
Preparation of concrete test pieces for testing 16 concrete cubic test pieces of 100mm × 100mm × 100mm were fabricatedAnd the concrete strength grade is C30. After standard maintenance in a maintenance room for 28 days, A, B groups of test blocks (8 blocks in each group) are respectively subjected to corrosion tests, wherein the test blocks in the group A are soaked in clear water, and the test blocks in the group B are soaked in 10 mass percent of Na2SO4Soaking in the solution in a full soaking mode.
And establishing a spectral characteristic curve of a product generated by concrete corrosion. When the concrete test block is put into clear water, components such as hydrated calcium silicate, calcium hydroxide and the like can be generated. When the concrete is put in Na2SO4In addition to calcium silicate hydrate and calcium hydroxide, the solution may also react to form expansive products such as gypsum and ettringite. The spectral curve of the gypsum and ettringite mixture is shown in figure 2.
Determining technical parameters of spectrum acquisition. The spectral characteristic test adopts an SR-2500 portable surface feature spectrometer of Beijing Anzhou, and the detection spectral range of the SR-2500 portable surface feature spectrometer is 350-2500 nm. The experiment was performed in a dark room, the surface of the concrete test block was air-dried, placed on a table with black lint, and a halogen lamp was used as a solar simulator. During measurement, the reference white board is horizontally placed, the height of the probe is about 15cm away from the measured object, and the included angle between the probe and the normal of the horizontal plane is within 10 degrees. In order to suppress environmental noise, 10 data were collected for each sample, and after removing abnormal values, the average was taken as the final spectrum.
Spectrum collection and spectrum curve pretreatment. Concrete reflection spectrum curves with soaking time of 30d, 60d, 75d, 90d, 105d and 120d are respectively collected under the condition of A, B. And averaging the multiple measured spectral curves of each sample, and smoothing the spectral curves. Then resampling at intervals of 1nm on the wave bands of 400 nm-2500 nm, and eliminating the envelope curve of the resampled spectrum curve. The measured spectrum curves of 60d and 120d of concrete A, B are shown in FIG. 3 after envelope elimination.
And extracting characteristic parameters after actually measured spectral curve processing. The spectral absorption characteristics are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2 spectral absorption characteristic parameters
And (5) carrying out ratio and derivation processing on the spectral curves. A. And B, processing the ratio of the collected spectral curves at the same monitoring time to obtain a B120/A120 curve, which is shown in FIG. 4.
The B120/a120 spectral curve after the ratio was matched to a spectral library of the corrosive products gypsum and ettringite for fitting analysis, as shown in fig. 5. Quantitative analysis was performed as shown in table 3. As can be seen from Table 3, after the ratio, the fitting degree of the B120/A120 spectral curve in the spectral interval 1704-1833nm to the wave Spectrum Angle (SAM) of the gypsum spectral curve reaches 0.932, and the characteristic peak value of the gypsum is highlighted; after the ratio, the fitting degree of the B120/A120 spectral curves to the Spectral Angle (SAM) of the ettringite spectral curves in the spectral regions 1352-1654nm, 1704-1833nm and 1857-2080nm reaches above 0.968, which shows that the ettringite accounts for the absolute advantage in corrosive products and the spectral characteristics are obvious. In addition, the results of fitting (SFF) of the B120/A120 spectral curve after the ratio with the spectral curves of the gypsum and the ettringite reach more than 0.919, which indicates that the B120/A120 spectral curve after the ratio is the superposition of the spectral curves of the gypsum and the ettringite, and the spectral characteristics are obvious.
Therefore, the hyperspectral test and analysis method can detect the generation of concrete corrosion products.
Claims (5)
1. A hyperspectral test and analysis method for detecting concrete corrosion products is carried out according to the following steps:
step 1: establishing a spectrum library of concrete raw materials, hydration products and corrosion products; the concrete raw material comprises cement, sand, stones, water, a water reducing agent and a mineral admixture, wherein the hydration product is a hydration product under the non-corrosive condition of the concrete, and the corrosion product is a mixture of gypsum and ettringite;
step 2: determining technical parameters of spectrum acquisition according to the properties of concrete in a non-corrosive environment and concrete in a corrosive environment;
and step 3: collecting spectral data of detection targets in different environments; the detection targets are concrete A in a non-corrosive environment and concrete B in a corrosive environment;
and 4, step 4: preprocessing an actually measured spectrum curve and extracting characteristic parameters; the spectral curves are the spectral curve of the concrete A under the non-corrosive environment and the spectral curve of the concrete B under the corrosive environment;
and 5: carrying out ratio and derivation processing on the spectral curves, and analyzing the generation process of corrosive products of the detection object; the method comprises the following steps:
(1) processing the ratio of the spectral curves of the concrete A in the non-corrosive environment and the concrete B in the corrosive environment at the same monitoring time i: spectral curve
i＝1，2，3，……，N；SKiThe envelope of the concrete A in a non-corrosive environment is removed, S LiRemoving the envelope curve of the concrete B in the corrosive environment;
(2) curve of spectrum
Matching with the corrosion product spectrum library established in the step 1, and performing fitting analysis;
(3) curve of spectrum
And (4) carrying out derivation, and carrying out quantitative analysis on the generation of corrosive products of the detection object.
2. The hyperspectral testing and analysis method for detecting concrete corrosion products according to claim 1, wherein the step 1 comprises the following steps:
(1) collecting a concrete related spectrum curve: collecting a spectrum curve of a concrete raw material comprising cement, sand, gravel, water, a water reducing agent and a mineral admixture by using a spectrometer; collecting a spectral curve of a hydration product of concrete under a non-corrosive condition; collecting a spectrum curve of a corrosion product of a mixture of gypsum and ettringite under a concrete corrosion condition;
(2) and performing envelope removal and normalization processing on the spectral curves of the concrete raw material, the hydration product and the corrosion product, and extracting characteristic parameters of the actually measured spectral curves of the raw material, wherein the characteristic parameters comprise an absorption position P, an absorption depth H, an absorption width W, an absorption symmetry B and an absorption area S.
3. The hyperspectral testing and analysis method for detecting concrete corrosion products according to claim 1, wherein the step 2 comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting concrete A in a non-corrosive environment and concrete B in a corrosive environment as detection objects;
(2) designing and monitoring total time S and a spectrum acquisition period T, wherein the total times N of spectrum measurement is S/T;
(3) and determining the moisture degree of the spectrum collection sample, the number and the position of monitoring points, the minimum collection distance and the observation frequency parameters in the single spectrum collection process.
4. The hyperspectral testing and analysis method for detecting concrete corrosion products according to claim 1, wherein the step 3 comprises the following steps:
(1) performing uninterrupted N-time spectral measurement on the concrete A in a non-corrosive environment and the concrete B in a corrosive environment;
(2) the ith spectrum of the concrete A is collected as the average value of a plurality of point spectrum measurements, namely Ki，i＝1，2，3，……，N；
(3) The ith spectrum of concrete B was collected as the average of several point spectral measurements, i.e. Li，i＝1，2，3，……，N。
5. The hyperspectral testing and analysis method for detecting concrete corrosion products according to claim 1, wherein the step 4 comprises the following steps:
(1) performing wavelet denoising and smoothing on the actually measured spectrum curve to remove an envelope curve;
(2) the curve of the concrete A in the non-corrosive environment after envelope removal processing is SKiThe curve of the concrete B in the corrosive environment after the envelope removal processing is S Li；
(3) And extracting absorption characteristic parameters of the spectrum curve, wherein the characteristic parameters comprise an absorption position P, an absorption depth H, an absorption width W, an absorption symmetry degree B and an absorption area S, and determining a spectrum absorption characteristic interval of the detection object.
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| CN108286962B (en) * | 2018-01-31 | 2019-11-05 | 中国科学院遥感与数字地球研究所 | A kind of method for building up and system of water environment library of spectra |
| CN108931546B (en) * | 2018-04-08 | 2020-06-19 | 中国地质科学院矿产资源研究所 | Hyperspectrum-based lithium-containing pegmatite identification method |
| CN113177909B (en) * | 2021-04-01 | 2023-06-20 | 华侨大学 | Multi-mode visual detection method and system for recycled aggregate with mortar on surface |
| CN117435940B (en) * | 2023-12-20 | 2024-03-05 | 龙建路桥股份有限公司 | Spectrum detection method for winter concrete curing process |
| CN117740663B (en) * | 2024-02-21 | 2024-06-04 | 中冶建筑研究总院（深圳）有限公司 | Method, system and device for evaluating sulfate erosion durability of concrete structure |
| CN117969535B (en) * | 2024-04-01 | 2024-06-07 | 黑龙江省泰斯特森工程检测有限公司 | Road bridge concrete defect nondestructive testing method and system |
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