CN107525084B - Harmless emission device and method for garbage incineration station - Google Patents
Harmless emission device and method for garbage incineration station Download PDFInfo
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- CN107525084B CN107525084B CN201710615362.5A CN201710615362A CN107525084B CN 107525084 B CN107525084 B CN 107525084B CN 201710615362 A CN201710615362 A CN 201710615362A CN 107525084 B CN107525084 B CN 107525084B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 338
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 93
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000004332 deodorization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000001784 detoxification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000001877 deodorizing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 73
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 39
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004056 waste incineration Methods 0.000 claims 4
- 206010022000 influenza Diseases 0.000 claims 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D50/00—Combinations of methods or devices for separating particles from gases or vapours
- B01D50/40—Combinations of devices covered by groups B01D45/00 and B01D47/00
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
- B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
- B01D53/0407—Constructional details of adsorbing systems
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
- B01D2253/10—Inorganic adsorbents
- B01D2253/102—Carbon
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
- B01D2258/02—Other waste gases
- B01D2258/0283—Flue gases
- B01D2258/0291—Flue gases from waste incineration plants
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses harmless emission equipment of a garbage incineration station and an emission method thereof, wherein the equipment comprises an incinerator, a first cavity internally provided with a primary water curtain spray device, a second cavity internally provided with an oil-water interception plate, a first water circulation filter device positioned right below the first cavity and the second cavity, a third cavity internally provided with a secondary water curtain spray device, a fourth cavity also provided with an oil-water interception plate, a second water circulation filter device positioned right below the third cavity and the fourth cavity, a fifth cavity internally provided with a water-oil-smoke separator and a sixth cavity internally provided with a multi-layer separation type detoxification deodorizing device. The invention recycles clean water after the garbage waste gas burned by the incinerator is separated by the two-stage water curtain spraying, the two-stage water circulation filtering device and the water-oil-smoke separator; and finally, the waste gas is subjected to detoxification and deodorization, and finally harmful substances in the waste gas are eliminated and then enter an emission chimney for emission, so that the effect of harmless emission is finally achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of garbage disposal, in particular to harmless emission equipment and an emission method thereof of a garbage incineration station.
Background
With the continuous improvement of living standard and the development of economic situation, more and more garbage is generated in life, and in recent years, various levels of governments take various measures to intensively treat the household garbage, but most of the governments adopt landfill modes to treat the household garbage, and the traditional treatment modes can not meet the form requirements of the current urban development, can not fundamentally solve the thorough treatment of the household garbage, and meanwhile, the excessive landfill is unfavorable for environmental protection. In view of the above problems, incineration stations are available on the market, but the waste gas of the existing incineration stations is directly discharged after the incineration is completed, so that great environmental pollution is caused, which is contrary to the current requirements for advocating environmental protection.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects existing in the technology, the invention provides harmless discharge equipment and a discharge method of the garbage incineration station, which can discharge waste gas generated by garbage incineration in a pollution-free way, so that the environment is not polluted.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a harmless disposal device for a refuse incineration station, the device comprises an incinerator, a first cavity with a first-stage water curtain spraying device arranged therein, a second cavity with an oil-water interception plate arranged therein, a first water circulation filtering device arranged right below the first cavity and the second cavity, a third cavity with a second-stage water curtain spraying device arranged therein, a fourth cavity with an oil-water interception plate arranged therein, a second water circulation filtering device arranged right below the third cavity and the fourth cavity, a fifth cavity with a built-in water-oil-smoke separator and a sixth cavity with a built-in multi-layer separation type detoxification and deodorization device;
the incinerator is connected with the first cavity, the second cavity, the third cavity, the fourth cavity, the fifth cavity, the sixth cavity and the discharge chimney through smoke channels; the fifth cavity is connected with the first water circulation filtering device;
after the garbage enters the incinerator for incineration, waste gas enters a first cavity through a flue and is sprayed and washed by a first-stage water curtain spraying device, oil stains enter a first water circulation filtering device after being washed for many times, and clear water is recovered for recycling after primary filtration by the first water circulation filtering device; meanwhile, the waste gas continuously enters the second cavity, and oil water in the waste gas is intercepted by the oil water interception plate and then drops into the first water circulation filter device; the waste gas continuously advances forwards, enters a third cavity, is sprayed and washed by a secondary water curtain spraying device, oil stains enter a second water circulation filtering device after being washed for a plurality of times, and clear water is recovered for recycling after being filtered again by the second water circulation filtering device; meanwhile, the waste gas continues to travel, and the oil water in the waste gas is intercepted by the oil water interception plate again and then is dripped into the second water circulation filtering device again, and then clear water is recovered for recycling; the waste gas continuously advances forwards, and oil-water is separated in the fifth cavity by the water-oil-smoke separator and then is dripped into the oil-water collector; the clear water is recycled after flowing into the second water circulating filter device from the oil-water collector; the waste gas continues to advance forwards, enters the sixth cavity, is detoxified and deodorized by the multi-layer separation type detoxication and deodorization device, eliminates the last harmful substances in the waste gas, and enters the discharge chimney for discharge through the flue.
The device further comprises a powerful fan arranged on the flue between the sixth cavity and the chimney, and exhaust gas of the powerful fan can travel through the flue in the first cavity, the second cavity, the third cavity, the fourth cavity, the fifth cavity and the sixth cavity.
The top end of the incinerator is provided with a power failure conversion combustion emission device, and ventilation is performed by opening the power failure conversion combustion emission device after power failure; the bottom of the incinerator liner of the incinerator is provided with a reversible converter bridge device, and caking or stones are removed through the reversible converter bridge device.
The power failure conversion combustion emission device comprises a first adjusting handle, a conversion cover and a first rotating shaft fixed at the lower part of an emission chimney; one tail end of the first adjusting handle and one tail end of the conversion cover are sleeved on the first rotating shaft, the first adjusting handle and the tail end of the conversion cover are fixedly connected and then can turn over along the first rotating shaft, a bulge part integrally formed with the first adjusting handle and the tail end of the conversion cover is upwards arranged at the upper end of the incinerator, a ventilation opening is formed in the bulge part, and a cover closing groove matched with the bulge part is upwards concavely arranged in the bottom end of the conversion cover; the conversion cover rotates until the convex part is inserted into the cover groove when the conversion cover is covered on the ventilation opening, and then the conversion cover is sealed and stops ventilation; after the conversion cover rotates to leave the ventilation opening, the incinerator is ventilated through the ventilation opening and the discharge chimney.
The turnover converter bridge device comprises two second rotating shafts and two turnover converter bridges, wherein the two second rotating shafts and the two turnover converter bridges are arranged close to two side edges of the bottom of the incinerator liner, and the tail end of each turnover converter bridge is sleeved on each second rotating shaft and can turn over along the second rotating shaft; a plurality of large holes are formed in the left side surface and the right side surface of the bottom end surface of the incinerator liner; a baffle is arranged on each converter bridge, and a plurality of small holes are formed in the upper surface of each baffle; when each baffle rotates to be positioned above the macroporous region, the baffle seals the macropores; when each baffle rotates to leave the macroporous region, the macropores are uncovered.
Each converter bridge further comprises a second adjusting handle, one tail end of each second adjusting handle and one tail end of each baffle are sleeved on the second rotating shaft, and the second adjusting handles and the tail ends of the baffles are fixedly connected and then can be overturned along the second rotating shafts.
The first water circulation filtering device is connected with the first cavity, the second water circulation filtering device is connected with the third cavity, and spray heads are arranged at the top ends of the first cavity and the third cavity; 1. the water curtain spraying device comprises a plurality of water curtain plates which are distributed from top to bottom in sequence, each water curtain plate is obliquely arranged in the spraying cavity, extension lines of two adjacent water curtain plates are intersected, and water is sprayed out by the spray header or waste gas is discharged from the flue and then flows to each water curtain plate in sequence to form a water curtain.
Wherein, one-level cascade spray set and second grade cascade spray set are all including being located first cavity and third cavity centre and being the folded plate that vertically distributes, and wherein several cascade plates set up on this folded plate, and several sets up on the one side inner wall of first cavity and third cavity in addition.
Wherein the plurality of water curtain plates are distributed into a first layer of water curtain plate, a second layer of water curtain plate, a third layer of water curtain plate, a fourth layer of water curtain plate and a fifth layer of water curtain plate; the first layer of water curtain plate is fixedly connected with the top end of the folded plate, the second layer of water curtain plate and the fourth layer of water curtain plate are arranged on the inner wall of one side of the spraying cavity, and the third layer of water curtain plate and the fifth layer of water curtain plate are arranged on the folded plate; the water is sprayed out of the spray header to one layer of water curtain plate to form a first water curtain, flows into two layers of water curtain plates to form a second water curtain, flows into three layers of water curtain plates to form a third water curtain, flows into four layers of water curtain plates to form a fourth water curtain, flows into five layers of water curtain plates to form a fifth water curtain, and flows into the corresponding first water circulation filtering device or second water circulation filtering device.
The oil-water interception plates are obliquely distributed in the corresponding second cavity or fourth cavity, one end of each oil-water interception plate is fixed on the corresponding folded plate, and the other end of each oil-water interception plate is fixed on the inner side wall of the corresponding second cavity or fourth cavity; the oil water in the waste gas is intercepted by the oil water interception plate and then dripped into the corresponding first water circulation filtering device or the second water circulation filtering device.
The first water circulation filtering device and the second water circulation filtering device comprise an oil stain recycling basket, a filtering tank and a water storage tank, wherein the oil stain recycling basket is positioned above the filtering tank and communicated with the filtering tank, and the filtering tank is positioned at the side edge of the filtering tank and communicated with the filtering tank; the oil-sewage mixture enters a filter tank after being primarily filtered by an oil stain recovery basket, and then flows into a water storage tank for recycling after being secondarily filtered by the filter tank, and sand oil stains stay in the filter tank; and the water in the water storage tank flows into the corresponding spray header.
The oil stain recycling basket comprises a sand basket main body and a first separation plate, wherein the first separation plate is vertically placed at the central position in the sand basket main body and then separates the sand basket main body to form a first sand basket and a second sand basket, the upper part of the separation plate is provided with a first baffle, the lower part of the separation plate is provided with a first penetration plate, and the transverse positions of the first sand basket and the second sand basket are also provided with a first penetration plate; the first sand basket is divided into two parts by a transverse first penetrating plate, fine sand is placed at the upper part to form a first fine sand layer, and broken stone is placed at the lower part to form a first broken stone layer; the second sand basket is also divided into two parts by a first transverse penetrating plate, coarse sand is placed at the upper part of the second sand basket to form a first coarse sand layer, broken stone is placed at the lower part of the second sand basket to form a second broken stone layer, and a first penetrating plate is also arranged between the first broken stone layer and the second broken stone layer; the side plate on one side of the first coarse sand layer on the sand basket main body is lower than the first baffle plate; after entering a first sand basket, the oily water mixture is filtered through a first fine sand layer and permeates into a first gravel layer; then the sand is permeated into the second gravel layer through the middle first permeation plate, and then the second gravel layer is permeated upwards into the first coarse sand layer through the transverse first permeation plate, and then the sand flows into the lower filtering pond through the lower side plate.
The center of the filter tank is vertically provided with a first partition plate, the filter tank is partitioned to form a first filter part and a second filter part, the upper part of the second partition plate is a second baffle, the lower part of the second partition plate is a second permeation plate, and the transverse positions of the first filter part and the second filter part are also provided with second permeation plates; the first filtering part is divided into two parts by a transverse second penetrating plate, coarse sand is placed at the upper part to form a second coarse sand layer, and broken stone is placed at the lower part to form a third broken stone layer; the second filtering part is also divided into two parts by a transverse second permeation plate, fine sand is placed at the upper part to form a second fine sand layer, broken stone is placed at the lower part to form a fourth broken stone layer, and a second permeation plate is also arranged between the third broken stone layer and the fourth broken stone layer; the side plate of the second filtering part, which is positioned at one side of the second fine sand layer, is lower than the second baffle plate; after entering the first filtering part, the oily water mixture is filtered by the second coarse sand layer and permeates into the third gravel layer; and then the sand flows into the water storage tanks at the side edges through the second permeation plates in the middle and the fourth gravel layer, and then the fourth gravel layer permeates upwards to the second fine sand layer through the second permeation plates in the transverse direction and then flows into the water storage tanks at the side edges through the side plates at the low position.
Wherein the multi-layer separation type detoxification and deodorization device comprises a plurality of layers of partition boards which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, the intervals among the plurality of layers of partition boards are the same, active carbon is laid on the upper surface of the multi-layer partition board, the thickness of the active carbon on each layer is consistent, and the size of the active carbon is distributed in a structure of sequentially tapering from top to bottom; and each layer of partition board is provided with meshes allowing gas to pass through.
The multilayer partition plates are all obliquely distributed, and the horizontal plane of the left position of the multilayer partition plates is higher than that of the right position of the multilayer partition plates.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention also provides an emission method of harmless emission equipment of a refuse incineration station, the method comprising:
after the garbage enters the incinerator for burning, waste gas enters a first cavity through a flue and is sprayed and washed by a first-stage water curtain spraying device, oil stains enter a first water circulation filtering device after being washed for many times, enter a corresponding filtering tank after being primarily filtered by a corresponding oil stain recycling basket, and clear water flows into a corresponding water storage tank after being secondarily filtered, so that repeated recycling can be realized; meanwhile, the waste gas continues to travel, and oil water in the waste gas is intercepted by the oil water interception plate and then drops into the first water circulation filter device; the waste gas continuously advances forwards from the flue, enters the third cavity and is sprayed and washed by the secondary water curtain spraying device, oil stains enter the second water circulation filtering device after being washed for multiple times, enter the filtering tank after being primarily filtered by the corresponding oil stain recycling basket, and the water storage tank corresponding to the clear water flow after being secondarily filtered can be recycled; meanwhile, the waste gas continues to travel, and the oil water in the waste gas is intercepted by the oil water interception plate again and then is dripped into the second water circulation filtering device again, and then clear water is recovered for recycling; the waste gas continues to advance forwards, and oil-water is separated in the fifth cavity by the water-oil-smoke separator and then is dripped into the oil-water collector; the clear water is recycled after flowing into the second water circulating filter device from the oil-water collector; the waste gas continues to advance forwards, enters the sixth cavity, is detoxified and deodorized by the multi-layer separation type detoxification and deodorization device, eliminates the last harmful substances in the waste gas, enters the discharge chimney through the flue to be discharged, and finally achieves the effect of harmless discharge.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: compared with the prior art, the harmless emission equipment and the emission method thereof for the garbage incineration station mainly comprise an incinerator, two water curtain spraying devices, two oil-water interception plates, two water circulation filtering devices, a water-oil-smoke separator and a multi-layer separation type detoxification and deodorization device; the waste gas burned by the incinerator is subjected to two-stage water curtain spraying, a two-stage water circulation filtering device and a water-oil-smoke separator are separated, and then clear water is recycled; and finally, the waste gas is detoxified and deodorized by the multi-layer separation type detoxication and deodorization device, and finally harmful substances in the waste gas are eliminated and then enter an emission chimney for emission, so that the effect of harmless emission is finally achieved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a harmless emission device of a refuse incineration station according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a primary water curtain spray device and an oil-water interception plate in the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a first water circulation filter device according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a multi-layered split type detoxification and deodorization apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a power outage transition combustion exhaust apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a reversible converter bridge device according to the present invention;
fig. 7 is a structural view of the baffle of fig. 6.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly illustrate the invention, the invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, the harmless emission device of the garbage incineration station provided by the invention comprises an incinerator 1, a first cavity 2 internally provided with a primary water curtain spray device 3, a second cavity 5 internally provided with an oil-water interception plate 4, a first water circulation filter device 6 positioned right below the first cavity and the second cavity, a third cavity 8 internally provided with a secondary water curtain spray device 7, a fourth cavity 9 also provided with an oil-water interception plate 4, a second water circulation filter device 10 positioned right below the third cavity and the fourth cavity, a fifth cavity 12 internally provided with a water-oil-smoke separator 11 and a sixth cavity 14 internally provided with a multi-layer separation type detoxification and deodorization device 13;
the incinerator is connected with the first cavity, the second cavity and the third cavity, the fourth cavity and the fifth cavity, the fifth cavity and the sixth cavity and the discharge chimney 15 through a flue 16; the fifth cavity is connected with the first water circulation filtering device;
after the garbage enters the incinerator for incineration, waste gas enters a first cavity through a flue and is sprayed and washed by a first-stage water curtain spraying device, oil stains enter a first water circulation filtering device after being washed for many times, and clear water is recovered for recycling after primary filtration by the first water circulation filtering device; meanwhile, the waste gas continuously enters the second cavity, and oil water in the waste gas is intercepted by the oil water interception plate and then drops into the first water circulation filter device; the waste gas continuously advances forwards, enters a third cavity, is sprayed and washed by a secondary water curtain spraying device, and oil stains enter a second water circulation filtering device after being washed for multiple times, and clear water is recovered for recycling after being filtered again by the second water circulation filtering device; meanwhile, the waste gas continues to travel, and the oil water in the waste gas is intercepted by the oil water interception plate again and then is dripped into the second water circulation filtering device again, and then clear water is recovered for recycling; the waste gas continuously advances forwards, and oil-water is separated in the fifth cavity by the water-oil-smoke separator and then is dripped into the oil-water collector; the clear water is recycled after flowing into the second water circulating filter device from the oil-water collector; the waste gas continues to advance forwards, enters the sixth cavity, is detoxified and deodorized by the multi-layer separation type detoxification and deodorization device, eliminates the last harmful substances in the waste gas, and enters the discharge chimney for discharge through the flue.
In this embodiment, the apparatus further includes a strong fan 17 disposed on the flue between the sixth cavity and the chimney, through which the exhaust gas can travel from the flue through the first cavity, the second cavity, the third cavity, the fourth cavity, the fifth cavity, and the sixth cavity.
In this embodiment, the top end of the incinerator is provided with a power failure conversion combustion discharge device 18, and ventilation is performed by opening the power failure conversion combustion discharge device after power failure; the bottom of the incinerator liner of the incinerator is provided with a turnover bridge device 19, and caking or stones are removed through the turnover bridge device.
Referring further to fig. 5, the power outage conversion combustion exhaust device 18 includes a first adjusting handle 181, a conversion cover 182, and a first rotating shaft 183 fixed at the lower part of the exhaust stack; one tail end of the first adjusting handle and one tail end of the conversion cover are sleeved on the first rotating shaft, the first adjusting handle and the tail end of the conversion cover are fixedly connected and then can turn over along the first rotating shaft, a boss integrally formed with the first adjusting handle and the tail end of the conversion cover is upwards arranged at the upper end of the incinerator, a vent is formed in the boss, and a cover groove 1821 matched with the boss is upwards concavely arranged at the bottom end of the conversion cover; when the conversion cover rotates to cover the ventilation opening, the protruding part is inserted into the cover groove and then the two parts are sealed, and ventilation is stopped; after the conversion cover rotates to leave the ventilation opening, the incinerator is ventilated through the ventilation opening and the discharge chimney. The device comprises an adjusting handle, a conversion cover and a rotating shaft; the adjusting handle and the conversion cover can be overturned along the rotating shaft; the conversion cover rotates until the conversion cover is covered on the ventilation opening, and then ventilation is stopped; after the conversion cover rotates to leave the ventilation opening, the incinerator ventilates through the ventilation opening; by improving the structure, the original exhaust channel is provided with another exhaust channel, once power is cut off, the conversion cover is opened by the adjusting handle to ventilate, so that the incinerator can continue to work normally.
Referring to fig. 6-7, the reversible bridge device 19 includes two second shafts 191 and two turnover bridges 192 disposed near two sides of the bottom of the incinerator, and the tail end of each turnover bridge is sleeved on the second shaft and can turn along the second shaft; a plurality of big holes 20 are formed on the left and right side surfaces of the bottom end surface of the incinerator liner; a baffle 1921 is arranged on each converter bridge, and a plurality of small holes 21 are formed in the upper surface of each baffle; when each baffle rotates to be positioned above the macroporous region, the baffle seals the macropores; when each baffle rotates to leave the macroporous region, the macropores are uncovered. Each converter bridge further comprises a second adjusting handle 1922, one tail end of the second adjusting handle and one tail end of the baffle are sleeved on the second rotating shaft, and the second adjusting handle and the tail end of the baffle are fixedly connected and then can be overturned along the second rotating shaft. The device is provided with a plurality of large holes on the left and right sides of the bottom end face of the incinerator liner, and small holes are arranged on the baffle plate; the converter turning bridge can turn over along the rotating shaft, and when the baffle rotates to be positioned above the macroporous region, the baffle seals the macropores; when each baffle rotates to leave the macroporous region, the macropores are uncovered. By improving the structure, under the condition of only furnace dust, the large holes can be closed by the baffle plate, and the furnace dust can leak down only by the small holes; when the caking or the stone is encountered, the blocking plate is opened by turning over the converter bridge, so that the caking or the stone can be removed, and the device is convenient and practical.
Referring further to fig. 2, the first water circulation filtering device is connected to the first cavity, the second water circulation filtering device is connected to the third cavity, and the top ends of the first cavity and the third cavity are respectively provided with a spray header 22; the structure of the primary water curtain spraying device and the structure of the secondary water curtain spraying device are the same, the primary water curtain spraying device 3 comprises a plurality of water curtain plates 31 which are distributed from top to bottom in sequence, each water curtain plate is obliquely arranged in a spraying cavity, the extension lines of two adjacent water curtain plates are intersected, and water is sprayed out by a spray header or waste gas is discharged from a flue and then flows to each water curtain plate in sequence to form a water curtain. The first-level water curtain spraying device and the second-level water curtain spraying device both further comprise folded plates 32 which are positioned in the middle of the first cavity and the third cavity and are vertically distributed, wherein a plurality of water curtain plates are arranged on the folded plates, and a plurality of water curtain plates are arranged on one side inner walls of the first cavity and the third cavity. The plurality of water curtain plates 31 are distributed into a water curtain plate 311, a two-layer water curtain plate 312, a three-layer water curtain plate 313, a four-layer water curtain plate 314 and a five-layer water curtain plate 315; the first layer of water curtain plate is fixedly connected with the top end of the folded plate, the second layer of water curtain plate and the fourth layer of water curtain plate are arranged on the inner wall of one side of the spraying cavity, and the third layer of water curtain plate and the fifth layer of water curtain plate are arranged on the folded plate; the water is sprayed out of the spray header to one layer of water curtain plate to form a first water curtain, flows into two layers of water curtain plates to form a second water curtain, flows into three layers of water curtain plates to form a third water curtain, flows into four layers of water curtain plates to form a fourth water curtain, flows into five layers of water curtain plates to form a fifth water curtain, and flows into the corresponding first water circulation filtering device or second water circulation filtering device. The oil-water interception plates are obliquely arranged in the corresponding second cavity or fourth cavity, one end of each oil-water interception plate is fixed on the corresponding folded plate, and the other end of each oil-water interception plate is fixed on the inner side wall of the corresponding second cavity or fourth cavity; the oil water in the waste gas is intercepted by the oil water interception plate and then dripped into the corresponding first water circulation filtering device or the second water circulation filtering device. Water is sprayed out by the spray header and flows to each water curtain plate in sequence to form water curtains, a plurality of water curtains are formed from top to bottom, oil fume enters the spray cavity and is sprayed and washed by the water curtains for a plurality of times, finally oil fume is intercepted by the oil-water interception net plate, 90% of the oil fume can be washed by water flow, and therefore the oil fume separation effect is achieved, and the oil fume removal effect is optimal.
Referring further to fig. 3, the first water circulation filter device and the second water circulation filter device have the same structure, and the first water circulation filter device 6 includes an oil stain recovery basket 61, a filter tank 62 and a water storage tank 63, wherein the oil stain recovery basket is located above and communicated with the filter tank, and the filter tank is located at the side of and communicated with the filter tank; the oil-sewage mixture enters a filter tank after being primarily filtered by an oil stain recovery basket, and then flows into a water storage tank for recycling after being secondarily filtered by the filter tank, and sand oil stains stay in the filter tank; and the water in the water storage tank flows into the corresponding spray header.
In this embodiment, the oil stain recovery basket 61 includes a basket body and a first partition board, the first partition board is vertically placed in the center position in the basket body to partition the basket body into a first basket 611 and a second basket 612, the upper part of the partition board is a first baffle 613, the lower part of the partition board is a first penetration board 614, and the lateral positions of the first basket and the second basket are also provided with first penetration boards; the first sand basket is divided into two parts by a first transverse penetrating plate, fine sand is placed at the upper part to form a first fine sand layer 615, broken stone is placed at the lower part to form a first broken stone layer 616; the second sand basket is also divided into two parts by a first transverse infiltration plate, and coarse sand is placed on the upper part to form a first coarse sand layer 617, the lower part is provided with broken stone to form a second broken stone layer 618, and a first penetration plate is also arranged between the first broken stone layer and the second broken stone layer; the side plate on one side of the first coarse sand layer on the sand basket main body is lower than the first baffle; after the oily water mixture enters the first sand basket, filtering through the first fine sand layer, and penetrating into the first crushed stone layer; then the wastewater is permeated into the second gravel layer through the middle first permeation plate, then the wastewater is permeated upwards into the first coarse sand layer through the second gravel layer through the transverse first permeation plate, and then the wastewater flows into the lower filtering ponds through the lower side plates.
The center of the filter tank 62 is vertically provided with a first partition plate, the filter tank is partitioned to form a first filter part 621 and a second filter part 622, the upper part of the second partition plate is a second baffle 623, the lower part of the second partition plate is a second permeation 624, and the transverse positions of the first filter part and the second filter part are also provided with second permeation plates; the first filtering part is divided into two parts by a transverse second penetrating plate, coarse sand is placed at the upper part to form a second coarse sand layer 625, broken stone is placed at the lower part to form a third broken stone layer 626; the second filtering part is also divided into two parts by a transverse second permeation plate, fine sand is placed at the upper part to form a second fine sand layer 627, broken stone is placed at the lower part to form a fourth broken stone layer 628, and a second permeation plate is also arranged between the third broken stone layer and the fourth broken stone layer; the side plate on one side of the second fine sand layer on the second filtering part is lower than the second baffle plate; after entering the first filtering part, the oily water mixture is filtered by the second coarse sand layer and permeates into the third gravel layer; and then the sand flows into the water storage tanks at the side edges through the second permeation plates in the middle and the fourth gravel layer, and then the fourth gravel layer is permeated upwards to the second fine sand layer through the second permeation plates in the transverse direction and then flows into the water storage tanks at the side edges through the side plates at the low position.
Referring to fig. 4, the multi-layer separation type detoxification and deodorization device 13 includes a plurality of layers of partition boards 131 arranged in sequence from top to bottom, the intervals between the plurality of layers of partition boards are the same, active carbon 132 is laid on the upper surface of each layer of partition board, the thickness of the active carbon on each layer is consistent, and the size of the active carbon is distributed in a structure of sequentially tapering from top to bottom; and meshes allowing gas to pass through are formed in each layer of partition board, the multi-layer partition boards are obliquely distributed, and the horizontal plane of the left position of the multi-layer partition boards is higher than that of the right position. The greasy dirt and the moisture drop into the oil-water collecting box, thereby achieving the effect of separating the greasy dirt from the moisture.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention also provides an emission method of harmless emission equipment of a refuse incineration station, the method comprising:
after the garbage enters the incinerator for burning, waste gas enters a first cavity through a flue and is sprayed and washed by a first-stage water curtain spraying device, oil stains enter a first water circulation filtering device after being washed for many times, enter a corresponding filtering tank after being primarily filtered by a corresponding oil stain recycling basket, and clear water flows into a corresponding water storage tank after being secondarily filtered, so that repeated recycling can be realized; meanwhile, the waste gas continues to travel, and oil water in the waste gas is intercepted by the oil water interception plate and then drops into the first water circulation filter device; the waste gas continuously advances forwards from the flue, enters the third cavity and is sprayed and washed by the secondary water curtain spraying device, oil stains enter the second water circulation filtering device after being washed for multiple times, enter the filtering tank after being primarily filtered by the corresponding oil stain recycling basket, and the water storage tank corresponding to the clear water flow after being secondarily filtered can be recycled; meanwhile, the waste gas continues to travel, and the oil water in the waste gas is intercepted by the oil water interception plate again and then is dripped into the second water circulation filtering device again, and then clear water is recovered for recycling; the waste gas continues to advance forwards, and oil-water is separated in the fifth cavity by the water-oil-smoke separator and then is dripped into the oil-water collector; the clear water is recycled after flowing into the second water circulating filter device from the oil-water collector; the waste gas continues to advance forwards, enters the sixth cavity, is detoxified and deodorized by the multi-layer separation type detoxification and deodorization device, eliminates the last harmful substances in the waste gas, enters the discharge chimney through the flue to be discharged, and finally achieves the effect of harmless discharge.
Compared with the prior art, the harmless emission equipment and the emission method thereof of the garbage incineration station mainly comprise an incinerator, two water curtain spraying devices, two oil-water interception plates, two water circulation filtering devices, a water-oil-smoke separator and a multi-layer separation type detoxification and deodorization device; the garbage waste gas burned by the incinerator is separated by a two-stage water curtain spraying, a two-stage water circulation filtering device and a water oil smoke separator, and then clear water is recycled; and finally, the waste gas is detoxified and deodorized by the multi-layer separation type detoxication and deodorization device, and finally harmful substances in the waste gas are eliminated and then enter an emission chimney for emission, so that the effect of harmless emission is finally achieved. In addition, the inclination angle of the oil-water interception plate is set, the contact surface between the oil-water interception plate and waste gas is greatly increased, and the cleaning effect is further improved.
The above disclosure is only a few specific embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes that can be thought by those skilled in the art should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (14)
1. The harmless emission equipment of the garbage incineration station is characterized by comprising an incinerator, a first cavity with a first-stage water curtain spray device arranged inside, a second cavity with an oil-water interception plate arranged inside, a first water circulation filtering device arranged right below the first cavity and the second cavity, a third cavity with a second-stage water curtain spray device arranged inside, a fourth cavity with an oil-water interception plate arranged inside, a second water circulation filtering device arranged right below the third cavity and the fourth cavity, a fifth cavity with a water-oil-smoke separator arranged inside and a sixth cavity with a multi-layer separation type detoxification deodorizing device arranged inside;
the incinerator is connected with the first cavity, the second cavity, the third cavity, the fourth cavity, the fifth cavity, the sixth cavity and the discharge chimney through flues; the fifth cavity is connected with the first water circulation filtering device;
after the garbage enters the incinerator for incineration, waste gas enters a first cavity through a flue and is sprayed and washed by a first-stage water curtain spraying device, oil stains enter a first water circulation filtering device after being washed for many times, and clear water is recovered for recycling after primary filtration by the first water circulation filtering device; meanwhile, the waste gas continuously enters the second cavity, and oil water in the waste gas is intercepted by the oil water interception plate and then drops into the first water circulation filter device; the waste gas continuously advances forwards, enters a third cavity and is sprayed and washed by a secondary water curtain spraying device, oil stains enter a second water circulation filtering device after being washed for a plurality of times, and clear water is recovered for recycling after being filtered again by the second water circulation filtering device; meanwhile, the waste gas continues to travel, and the oil water in the waste gas is intercepted by the oil water interception plate again and then is dripped into the second water circulation filtering device again, and then clear water is recovered for recycling; the waste gas continues to advance forwards, and oil-water is separated in the fifth cavity by the water-oil-smoke separator and then is dripped into the oil-water collector; the clear water is recycled after flowing into the second water circulating filter device from the oil-water collector; the waste gas continues to advance forwards, enters the sixth cavity, is detoxified and deodorized by the multi-layer separation type detoxication and deodorization device, eliminates the last harmful substances in the waste gas, and enters an exhaust chimney for exhaust through a flue;
the top end of the incinerator is provided with a power failure conversion combustion discharge device, and ventilation is performed by opening the power failure conversion combustion discharge device after power failure; the bottom of the incinerator liner of the incinerator is provided with a reversible converter bridge device, and caking or stones are removed through the reversible converter bridge device;
the first water circulation filtering device is connected with the first cavity and the second water circulation filtering device is connected with the third cavity, and spray heads are arranged at the top ends of the first cavity and the third cavity; the first-stage water curtain spraying device and the second-stage water curtain spraying device comprise a plurality of water curtain plates which are distributed from top to bottom in sequence, each water curtain plate is obliquely arranged in the spraying cavity, the extension lines of two adjacent water curtain plates are crossed, and water is sprayed out by the spray header or waste gas is discharged from the flue and then flows to each water curtain plate in sequence to form a water curtain.
2. The harmless emission device of the waste incineration station according to claim 1, further comprising a powerful fan arranged on the flue between the sixth cavity and the chimney, through which the waste gas will travel from the flue through the first cavity, the second cavity, the third cavity, the fourth cavity, the fifth cavity, the sixth cavity.
3. The harmless emission device of the refuse incineration station according to claim 1, wherein the power-outage converting combustion emission means comprises a first adjusting handle, a converting cover and a first rotating shaft fixed at a lower portion of an emission chimney; one tail end of the first adjusting handle and one tail end of the conversion cover are sleeved on the first rotating shaft, the first adjusting handle and the tail end of the conversion cover are fixedly connected and then can turn over along the first rotating shaft, a boss integrally formed with the first adjusting handle and the tail end of the conversion cover is upwards arranged at the upper end of the incinerator, a vent is formed in the boss, and a cover groove matched with the boss is upwards concavely arranged in the bottom end of the conversion cover; when the conversion cover rotates to cover the ventilation opening, the protruding part is inserted into the cover groove and then the two parts are sealed, and ventilation is stopped; after the conversion cover rotates to leave the ventilation opening, the incinerator is ventilated through the ventilation opening and the discharge chimney.
4. The harmless emission device of the refuse incineration station according to claim 1, wherein the reversible converter bridge device comprises two second rotating shafts and two turnover converter bridges, which are arranged near two sides of the bottom of the incinerator, and the tail end of each turnover converter bridge is sleeved on the second rotating shaft and can turn along the second rotating shaft; a plurality of macropores are formed in the left side surface and the right side surface of the bottom end surface of the incinerator liner; a baffle is arranged on each converter bridge, and a plurality of small holes are formed in the upper surface of each baffle; when each baffle rotates to be positioned above the macroporous region, the baffle seals the macropores; when each baffle rotates to leave the macroporous region, the macropores are uncovered.
5. The harmless emission device of the refuse incineration station according to claim 4, wherein each overturning bridge further comprises a second adjusting handle, one end of the second adjusting handle and one end of the baffle are both sleeved on the second rotating shaft, and the second adjusting handle and the end of the baffle are fixedly connected and then can be overturned along the second rotating shaft.
6. The harmless emission device of the refuse incineration station according to claim 1, wherein the primary water curtain spraying device and the secondary water curtain spraying device each further comprise a folded plate which is positioned in the middle of the first cavity and the third cavity and is vertically distributed, wherein a plurality of water curtain plates are arranged on the folded plate, and the other water curtain plates are arranged on one side inner walls of the first cavity and the third cavity.
7. The harmless emission device of a waste incineration station according to claim 6, wherein the plurality of water curtain plates are distributed as one water curtain plate, two water curtain plates, three water curtain plates, four water curtain plates and five water curtain plates; the first layer of water curtain plate is fixedly connected with the top end of the folded plate, the second layer of water curtain plate and the fourth layer of water curtain plate are arranged on the inner wall of one side of the spraying cavity, and the third layer of water curtain plate and the fifth layer of water curtain plate are arranged on the folded plate; the water is sprayed out of the spray header to one layer of water curtain plate to form a first water curtain, flows into two layers of water curtain plates to form a second water curtain, flows into three layers of water curtain plates to form a third water curtain, flows into four layers of water curtain plates to form a fourth water curtain, flows into five layers of water curtain plates to form a fifth water curtain, and flows into the corresponding first water circulation filtering device or second water circulation filtering device.
8. The harmless emission device of the garbage incineration station according to claim 7, wherein the oil-water interception plates are arranged in an inclined distribution in the corresponding second cavity or fourth cavity, one end of each oil-water interception plate is fixed on the corresponding folded plate, and the other end of each oil-water interception plate is fixed on the inner side wall of the corresponding second cavity or fourth cavity; the oil water in the waste gas is intercepted by the oil water interception plate and then dripped into the corresponding first water circulation filtering device or the second water circulation filtering device.
9. The harmless emission device of the waste incineration station according to claim 8, wherein the first water circulation filtering device and the second water circulation filtering device each comprise an oil stain recycling basket, a filtering tank and a water storage tank, the oil stain recycling basket is located above and communicated with the filtering tank, and the filtering tank is located at the side edge of and communicated with the filtering tank; the oil-sewage mixture enters a filter tank after being primarily filtered by an oil stain recovery basket, and then flows into a water storage tank for recycling after being secondarily filtered by the filter tank, and sand oil stains stay in the filter tank; and the water in the water storage tank flows into the corresponding spray header.
10. The harmless emission device of the waste incineration station according to claim 9, wherein the oil stain recycling basket comprises a basket main body and a first partition plate, the first partition plate is vertically placed in the center position in the basket main body to partition the basket main body into a first basket and a second basket, the upper part of the partition plate is a first baffle, the lower part of the partition plate is a first penetration plate, and the transverse positions of the first basket and the second basket are also provided with the first penetration plate; the first sand basket is divided into two parts by a first transverse penetrating plate, fine sand is placed at the upper part to form a first fine sand layer, and broken stone is placed at the lower part to form a first broken stone layer; the second sand basket is also divided into two parts by a first transverse penetrating plate, coarse sand is placed at the upper part of the second sand basket to form a first coarse sand layer, broken stone is placed at the lower part of the second sand basket to form a second broken stone layer, and a first penetrating plate is also arranged between the first broken stone layer and the second broken stone layer; the side plate on one side of the first coarse sand layer on the sand basket main body is lower than the first baffle; after entering a first sand basket, the oily water mixture is filtered through a first fine sand layer and permeates into a first gravel layer; then the wastewater is permeated into the second gravel layer through the middle first permeation plate, then the wastewater is permeated upwards into the first coarse sand layer through the second gravel layer through the transverse first permeation plate, and then the wastewater flows into the lower filtering ponds through the lower side plates.
11. The harmless emission device of the garbage incineration station according to claim 9, wherein a second partition plate is vertically arranged in the center of the filter tank, the filter tank is partitioned to form a first filter part and a second filter part, the upper part of the second partition plate is a second baffle, the lower part of the second partition plate is a second permeation plate, and the transverse positions of the first filter part and the second filter part are also provided with the second permeation plates; the first filtering part is divided into two parts by a transverse second penetrating plate, coarse sand is placed at the upper part to form a second coarse sand layer, and broken stone is placed at the lower part to form a third broken stone layer; the second filtering part is also divided into two parts by a transverse second permeation plate, fine sand is placed at the upper part to form a second fine sand layer, broken stone is placed at the lower part to form a fourth broken stone layer, and a second permeation plate is also arranged between the third broken stone layer and the fourth broken stone layer; the side plate on one side of the second fine sand layer on the second filtering part is lower than the second baffle plate; after entering the first filtering part, the oily water mixture is filtered by the second coarse sand layer and permeates into the third gravel layer; and then the sand flows into the water storage tanks at the side edges through the second permeation plates in the middle and the fourth gravel layer, and then the fourth gravel layer permeates upwards to the second fine sand layer through the second permeation plates in the transverse direction and then flows into the water storage tanks at the side edges through the side plates at the low position.
12. The harmless emission device of the garbage incineration station according to claim 1, wherein the multi-layer separation type detoxification and deodorization device comprises a plurality of layers of partition boards which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, the intervals among the plurality of layers of partition boards are the same, active carbon is paved on the upper surface of each layer of partition board, the thickness of the active carbon on each layer is consistent, and the size of the active carbon is distributed in a structure of sequentially tapering from top to bottom; and each layer of partition board is provided with meshes allowing gas to pass through.
13. The harmless emission device of the refuse incineration station according to claim 12, wherein the multi-layered partitions are all distributed in an inclined manner, and the horizontal plane of the left side of the multi-layered partition is higher than the right side of the multi-layered partition.
14. An emission method of harmless emission equipment of a garbage incineration station is characterized by comprising the following steps:
after the garbage enters the incinerator for burning, waste gas enters the first cavity through the flue and is sprayed and washed by the first-stage water curtain spraying device, oil stains enter the first water circulation filtering device after being washed for many times, enter the corresponding filtering ponds after being primarily filtered by the corresponding oil stain recycling baskets, and clear water flows into the corresponding water storages after being secondarily filtered, so that repeated recycling can be realized; meanwhile, the waste gas continues to travel, and oil water in the waste gas is intercepted by the oil water interception plate and then drops into the first water circulation filter device; the waste gas continuously advances forwards from the flue, enters the third cavity and is sprayed and washed by the secondary water curtain spraying device, oil stains enter the second water circulation filtering device after being washed for multiple times, enter the filtering tank after being primarily filtered by the corresponding oil stain recycling basket, and the water storage tank corresponding to the clear water flow after being secondarily filtered can be recycled; meanwhile, the waste gas continues to travel, and the oil water in the waste gas is intercepted by the oil water interception plate again and then is dripped into the second water circulation filtering device again, and then clear water is recovered for recycling; the waste gas continues to advance forwards, and oil-water is separated in the fifth cavity by the water-oil-smoke separator and then is dripped into the oil-water collector; the clear water is recycled after flowing into the second water circulating filter device from the oil-water collector; the waste gas continues to advance forwards, enters the sixth cavity, is detoxified and deodorized by the multi-layer separation type detoxication and deodorization device, eliminates the last harmful substances in the waste gas, and enters the discharge chimney for discharge through the flue.
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