CN107515109A - A kind of total load measuring method of testpieces - Google Patents
A kind of total load measuring method of testpieces Download PDFInfo
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- CN107515109A CN107515109A CN201710662055.2A CN201710662055A CN107515109A CN 107515109 A CN107515109 A CN 107515109A CN 201710662055 A CN201710662055 A CN 201710662055A CN 107515109 A CN107515109 A CN 107515109A
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- testpieces
- pull bar
- dynamometry pull
- dynamometry
- measuring method
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of total load measuring method of testpieces, belong to Aeronautical Test Technology field, it includes step 1：Arrange that multiple dynamometry pull bars make testpieces be in static determinacy state on testpieces；Step 2：Testpieces is tested, the active force along dynamometry pull bar axial direction is obtained by dynamometry pull bar；Step 3：Total load of testpieces is obtained according to the position of dynamometry pull bar and Calculation of the force.The testpieces measuring method of the present invention can be effectively measured the testpieces in the particular surroundings such as high temperature, high pressure and corrosion, using non-contact survey support method, from the unidirectional dynamometry pull bar of more adjustable lengths, dispersed placement, a statically determinate system is built, uses common tension and compression force cell；Away from testpieces end, reduce testpieces environment influences position；Different ranges and precision are used as needed, to improve measurement result accuracy.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Aviation Test field, and in particular to a kind of total load measuring method of testpieces.
Background technology
In testpieces load measurement, there is many survey to carry objects and be in high temperature, (example among the particular surroundings such as high pressure and corrosion
Such as：Engine jet pipe testpieces is in power-on condition).Residing environment carries component to testpieces to surveying in itself, such as passes
The measurement result of the devices such as sensor, foil gauge can have a huge impact, be easily caused measurement result it is unusual or survey carry component damage
It is bad.Load measurement is carried out to such testpieces according to special test equipment, then causes experimentation cost to sharply increase, and test
As a result the problems such as validity is not high also be present.
Just encounter Similar Problems in certain h type engine h jet pipe load measurement, jet pipe be in high temperature and high pressure environment it
In, when being mounted directly tension-compression sensor progress load measurement, because the influence sensor of HTHP can not normal work.Therefore
Need a kind of cost relatively low, moreover it is possible to total support method of accurate measurement nozzle.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of total load measuring method of testpieces, for solving to be in harsh ring in the prior art
Testpieces measurement or measurement cost under border is high, or the problem of measurement accuracy inaccuracy.
To reach above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：A kind of total load measuring method of testpieces, it includes
Step 1：Arrange that multiple dynamometry pull bars make testpieces be in static determinacy state on testpieces；
Step 2：Testpieces is tested, the active force along dynamometry pull bar axial direction is obtained by dynamometry pull bar；
Step 3：Total load of testpieces is obtained according to the position of dynamometry pull bar and Calculation of the force.
Further, in step 1, the quantity of the dynamometry pull bar is six, respectively dynamometry pull bar G1 to dynamometry pull bar
G6。
Further, the dynamometry pull bar is arranged according to the following rules：
First, coordinate system is established：Using the first end face A centers of circle of testpieces as origin, along testpieces axis from first end face A
It is course x to second end face B direction, it is to the outer direction lateral y to be referred in first end face A by origin, perpendicular to course x and side
The direction of the plane formed to y is vertical z；
Afterwards, dynamometry pull bar is arranged：The installation point coordinates of dynamometry pull bar G1 to dynamometry pull bar G6 and testing machine be followed successively by (0,
0,-d/2)、(0,d/2,0)、(0,y31,z31)、(0,-y31,z31), (l, 0, d/2), (l, d/2,0), dynamometry pull bar G1 measurement
Course x is oriented parallel to, dynamometry pull bar G2, dynamometry pull bar G6 measurement direction are drawn parallel to lateral y, dynamometry pull bar G3, dynamometry
Bar G4 and dynamometry pull bar G5 measurement direction are parallel to vertical z；
Wherein, d is testpieces radius, and l is testpieces along course length.
Further, the active force includes pressure and pulling force.
Further, total carry includes course directed force Fx, lateral force FyWith vertical directed force Fz, and course
Moment Mx, lateral moment MyWith vertical bending Mz；
Testpieces course power Fx=-F1；
Testpieces side force Fy=-(F2+F6)；
Testpieces vertical force FZ=F3+F4+F5；
Testpieces course moment of torsion Mx=F4*|Y31|-F3*|-Y31|；
The lateral moment M of testpiecesy=F1*d/2-F5*l；
Testpieces vertical bending Mz=-F6*l；
Wherein, dynamometry pull bar G1 measures load and is designated as F1, dynamometry pull bar G2 measurement load be designated as F2, dynamometry pull bar G3 measurements
Load is designated as F3, dynamometry pull bar G4 measurement load be designated as F4, dynamometry pull bar G5 measurement load be designated as F5, dynamometry pull bar G6 measurement loads
Lotus is designated as F6, all equal tensions of load is just, it are negative to be pressurized.
The testpieces measuring method of the present invention can have to the testpieces in the particular surroundings such as high temperature, high pressure and corrosion
The measurement of effect, using non-contact survey support method, from the unidirectional dynamometry pull bar of more adjustable lengths, dispersed placement, build a static determinacy
System, use common tension and compression force cell；Away from testpieces end, reduce testpieces environment influences position；As needed
Using different ranges and precision, to improve measurement result accuracy.
Brief description of the drawings
Accompanying drawing herein is merged in specification and forms the part of this specification, shows the implementation for meeting the present invention
Example, and for explaining principle of the invention together with specification.
Fig. 1 is the dynamometry pull bar schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is that the dynamometry pull bar of the embodiment of the present invention arranges schematic diagram.
Reference；
The ball bearings of 1- first, 2- locking nuts, 3- tension-compression sensors, 4- dynamometer links, 5- pull bar transition axises, 6- the second ball axles
Hold, 10- nozzle test parts.
Embodiment
To make the purpose, technical scheme and advantage that the present invention is implemented clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
Accompanying drawing, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is further described in more detail.
Dynamometry pull bar schematic diagram employed in total load measuring method for the present invention as shown in Figure 1, single dynamometry pull bar
Mainly by structure compositions such as ball bearing 1, locking nut 2, tension-compression sensor 3, dynamometer link 4, pull bar transition axis 5 and ball bearings 6.Its
Middle dynamometry pull bar can be by adjusting the first ball bearing 1 and tension-compression sensor 3, tension-compression sensor 3 and dynamometer link 4 and pull bar transition
The depth that is threaded into of axle 5 and ball bearing 6 carries out length adjustment, and carries out position locking by locking nut 2.In dynamometry pull bar
In, tension-compression sensor 3 can measure the stress of dynamometry pull bar in the axial direction, including pressure and pulling force.
, will in conventional method due to being generally positioned at when testpieces is tested in harsh and unforgiving environments (high temperature, high pressure or deep-etching)
Sensor for measuring testpieces etc. is arranged on testpieces and measured, and this measurement can be due to the environment residing for sensor
And cause measurement accuracy low, serious can also damage sensor.For this in the present invention, it is designed with testpieces for dynamometry
Pull bar installation mounting interface and by dynamometry pull bar fixation test part, make tension-compression sensor 3 and the testpieces in dynamometry pull bar
Carry out " isolation ", and then cause tension-compression sensor 3 away from the harsh and unforgiving environments of testpieces.And in order that tension-compression sensor 3 can
The stress of testpieces is measured, avoids being in adverse environment again, one end of dynamometry pull bar is passed through on the first ball bearing 1 and testpieces
Bearing base connection, other end connection tension-compression sensor 3 after be connected again by the second ball bearing 6 with fixed structure.Thus
Testpieces one direction load measurement can be realized using ordinary sensors.Additionally due to pull bar transition axis 5 has been in dynamometry pull bar
Away from testpieces, therefore the surface of pull bar transition axis 5 on dynamometry pull bar can paste normal temperature foil gauge auxiliary and carry out load survey
Amount.
In order to simplify after measurement to the calculating process of testpieces load, the arrangement of dynamometry pull bar is carried out in the present invention
Optimization.
By taking total load measurement of engine jet pipe testpieces 10 (nozzle test part is easy cylindrical model) as an example, reference picture
Shown in 2, the length l of nozzle test part 10, radius d, it is spray that nozzle test part 10, which divides for both ends of the surface A and B, wherein first end face A,
Pipe testpieces free end, the full payload computational methods of nozzle test part 10 are as follows：
First, nozzle test part always carries origin of coordinates setting
The load task target of measure nozzle test part 10 drafted according to experiment, to ensure to determine effective jet pipe load, carry
Free end face A (stress maximum) center of circle that lotus effect origin selectes nozzle test part 10 is the origin of coordinates, along nozzle test part
10 axis are course x from first end face A to second end face B direction, and it is lateral to the outer direction to be referred in first end face A by origin
Y, the direction of the plane formed perpendicular to course x and lateral y is vertical z, and nozzle test part 10 always carries coordinate system as shown in Figure 2.
2nd, the dynamometry pull bar arrangement of one embodiment of the invention and calculating
Arrange that hinge is taken at each dynamometry pull bar both ends in the surface arbitrfary point of nozzle test part 10 using six roots of sensation dynamometry pull bar
Branch connects, and single pull bar is formed two power bars, it is ensured that nozzle test part is in static determinacy restrained condition.
Six roots of sensation dynamometry pull bar G1 to G6 and the hinged place of nozzle test part 10 and stand junction to carry coordinate former relative to total
Put and be respectively：[(X11,Y11,Z11),(X12,Y12,Z12)]、[(X21,Y21,Z21),(X22,Y22,Z22)]、[(X31,Y31,Z31),
(X32,Y32,Z32)]、[(X41,Y41,Z41),(X42,Y42,Z42)]、[(X51,Y51,Z51),(X52,Y52,Z52)]、[(X61,Y61,
Z61),(X62,Y62,Z62)]。
The load that dynamometry pull bar G1 to G6 is measured is designated as F successively1To F6, all equal tensions of load is just, it are negative to be pressurized.
Therefore, the jet pipe model of the present embodiment always carries calculation formula and is：
Nozzle test part course power calculates：
Nozzle test part side force calculates：
Nozzle test part vertical force calculates
Nozzle test part torque arithmetic：
Nozzle test part calculation of Bending Moment：
Nozzle test part calculation of Bending Moment：
Wherein：
By can see above, in the present embodiment, such as calculating total load of nozzle test part 10 and being surveyed, it is necessary to first calculate
Power pull bar G1 to G6 relative to coordinate system angle angle, it is more time-consuming.
3rd, the dynamometry pull bar arrangement and LOAD FOR of the preferred embodiment of the present invention
Equally in most highly preferred embodiment of the invention, also nozzle test part 10 is carried out using six roots of sensation dynamometry pull bar always to survey
Amount.Total to carry the cylinder free end face A centers of circle that coordinate is nozzle test part 10, six roots of sensation dynamometry pull bar load is arranged in testpieces circle
Cylinder A, B end faces, specific position can refer to as shown in Figure 2.Dynamometry pull bar G1 to G6 installation point coordinates is respectively：(0,0,-
d/2),(0,d/2,0),(0,Y31,Z31),(0,-Y31,Z31), (l, 0, d/2), (l, d/2,0), and dynamometry pull bar G1 axis
Parallel to course x, dynamometry pull bar G2 and dynamometry pull bar G6 diameter parallel are in lateral y, dynamometry pull bar G3, dynamometry pull bar G4 and survey
For power pull bar G5 diameter parallel in lateral z, wherein d is the radius of nozzle test part 10, and l is nozzle test part 10 along its axis side
Upward length.
Dynamometry pull bar G1 to dynamometry pull bar G6 measurement load are designated as F successively1To F6, all equal tensions of load are just, to be pressurized
It is negative.
And by above-mentioned arrangement dynamometry pull bar after, nozzle test part 10 always carries calculation formula and is then reduced to：
Nozzle test part course power calculates Fx=-F1
Nozzle test part side force calculates Fy=-(F2+F6)
Nozzle test part vertical force calculates FZ=F3+F4+F5
Nozzle test part torque arithmetic Mx=F4*|Y31|-F3*|-Y31|
Nozzle test part calculation of Bending Moment My=F1*d/2-F5*l
Nozzle test part calculation of Bending Moment Mz=-F6*l
It can see by contrasting embodiment and optimum embodiment in the present invention, only have dynamometry pull bar G3 in optimum embodiment
Mounting coordinate be unknown quantity, but dynamometry pull bar G3 install when can use following mount scheme：Make dynamometry pull bar G3 peace
Decorate with the line of origin and lateral y into predetermined angular, this angle is preferably 30 degree or 60 degree, and dynamometry pull bar G3 now
Installation point coordinates just into parameter only relevant with the radius of nozzle test part 10.
The total load measuring method of testpieces of the present invention is by the way that dynamometry pull bar is entered according to the demand for carrying object load measurement is surveyed
Row combination, the total load for carrying whole 6 frees degree of object can be at most measured, now needs to use 6 pull bars that testpieces is each
Row constraint is entered in direction, and 6 direction pull bars form a statically determinate systems, and the tension-compression sensor on each pull bar can be measured along pull bar
The active force of axial direction, finally according to pull bar position calculate can obtain surveying the total load for carrying object.
The total load measuring method of testpieces of the present invention can solve in the prior art, to enter the testpieces in harsh and unforgiving environments
The effective measurement of row, and calculating is simple, measurement accuracy is high.
It is described above, it is only the optimal embodiment of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto,
Any one skilled in the art the invention discloses technical scope in, the change or replacement that can readily occur in,
It should all be included within the scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be with the protection model of the claim
Enclose and be defined.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of total load measuring method of testpieces, it is characterised in that the total load measuring method of testpieces includes
Step 1：Arrange that multiple dynamometry pull bars make testpieces be in static determinacy state on testpieces；
Step 2：Testpieces is tested, the active force along dynamometry pull bar axial direction is obtained by dynamometry pull bar；
Step 3：Total load of testpieces is obtained according to the position of dynamometry pull bar and Calculation of the force.
2. the total load measuring method of testpieces according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step 1, the dynamometry pull bar
Quantity be six, respectively dynamometry pull bar G1 to dynamometry pull bar G6.
3. the total load measuring method of testpieces according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the dynamometry pull bar is according to the following rules
Arrangement：
First, coordinate system is established：Using the first end face A centers of circle of testpieces as origin, along testpieces axis from first end face A to
Biend B direction is course x, and it is to the outer direction lateral y to be referred in first end face A by origin, perpendicular to course x and lateral y
The direction of the plane of composition is vertical z；
Afterwards, dynamometry pull bar is arranged：The installation point coordinates of dynamometry pull bar G1 to dynamometry pull bar G6 and testing machine be followed successively by (0,0 ,-
d/2)、(0,d/2,0)、(0,y31,z31)、(0,-y31,z31), (l, 0, d/2), (l, d/2,0), dynamometry pull bar G1 measurement direction
Parallel to course x, dynamometry pull bar G2, dynamometry pull bar G6 measurement direction are parallel to lateral y, dynamometry pull bar G3, dynamometry pull bar G4
Measurement direction with dynamometry pull bar G5 is parallel to vertical z；
Wherein, d is testpieces radius, and l is testpieces along course length.
4. the total load measuring method of testpieces according to claim 3, it is characterised in that in step 2, the active force bag
Include pressure and pulling force.
5. the total load measuring method of testpieces according to claim 4, it is characterised in that total carry includes course active force
Fx, lateral force FyWith vertical directed force Fz, and course moment Mx, lateral moment MyWith vertical bending Mz；
Testpieces course power Fx=-F1；
Testpieces side force Fy=-(F2+F6)；
Testpieces vertical force FZ=F3+F4+F5；
Testpieces course moment of torsion Mx=F4*|Y31|-F3*|-Y31|；
The lateral moment M of testpiecesy=F1*d/2-F5*l；
Testpieces vertical bending Mz=-F6*l；
Wherein, dynamometry pull bar G1 measures load and is designated as F1, dynamometry pull bar G2 measurement load be designated as F2, dynamometry pull bar G3 measurement load
It is designated as F3, dynamometry pull bar G4 measurement load be designated as F4, dynamometry pull bar G5 measurement load be designated as F5, dynamometry pull bar G6 measurement load notes
For F6, all equal tensions of load is just, it are negative to be pressurized.
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| CN201710662055.2A CN107515109B (en) | 2017-08-04 | 2017-08-04 | A kind of total load measuring method of testpieces |
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| CN109297459A (en) * | 2018-12-16 | 2019-02-01 | 中国航发沈阳发动机研究所 | Accessory drive gearbox spline angle error measurement method |
| CN113063577A (en) * | 2021-03-16 | 2021-07-02 | 南京航空航天大学 | Spraying pipe rack with pretightening force and using method |
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| CN113063577A (en) * | 2021-03-16 | 2021-07-02 | 南京航空航天大学 | Spraying pipe rack with pretightening force and using method |
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| CN107515109B (en) | 2019-06-28 |
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