CN107513543A - Biodiesel preparation technology based on granulating microorganism - Google Patents

Biodiesel preparation technology based on granulating microorganism Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107513543A
CN107513543A CN201710865504.3A CN201710865504A CN107513543A CN 107513543 A CN107513543 A CN 107513543A CN 201710865504 A CN201710865504 A CN 201710865504A CN 107513543 A CN107513543 A CN 107513543A
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granulating
microorganism
solution
preparation technology
biodiesel
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刘琳
刘超翔
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Institute of Urban Environment of CAS
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Institute of Urban Environment of CAS
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    • C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
    • C12P7/00—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds
    • C12P7/64—Fats; Fatty oils; Ester-type waxes; Higher fatty acids, i.e. having at least seven carbon atoms in an unbroken chain bound to a carboxyl group; Oxidised oils or fats
    • C12P7/6436—Fatty acid esters
    • C12P7/649—Biodiesel, i.e. fatty acid alkyl esters
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C12M21/00—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses
    • C12M21/12—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses for producing fuels or solvents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
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    • C12M23/00—Constructional details, e.g. recesses, hinges
    • C12M23/58—Reaction vessels connected in series or in parallel
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
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    • C12M27/00—Means for mixing, agitating or circulating fluids in the vessel
    • C12M27/02—Stirrer or mobile mixing elements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M33/00—Means for introduction, transport, positioning, extraction, harvesting, peeling or sampling of biological material in or from the apparatus
    • C12M33/14—Means for introduction, transport, positioning, extraction, harvesting, peeling or sampling of biological material in or from the apparatus with filters, sieves or membranes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M41/00—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation
    • C12M41/12—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation of temperature
    • C12M41/18—Heat exchange systems, e.g. heat jackets or outer envelopes
    • C12M41/22—Heat exchange systems, e.g. heat jackets or outer envelopes in contact with the bioreactor walls
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M43/00—Combinations of bioreactors or fermenters with other apparatus
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M43/00—Combinations of bioreactors or fermenters with other apparatus
    • C12M43/02—Bioreactors or fermenters combined with devices for liquid fuel extraction; Biorefineries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse

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Abstract

The invention discloses the biodiesel preparation technology based on granulating microorganism; for granulating microbiologic properties; biodiesel effectively can be prepared under mesophilic condition using remainder particulate microorganism in sewage disposal system by technique structure, save drying sludge dehydration and operation implementation cost.Technique of the present invention includes muddy water screening cage, solar constant temperature water bath device, sealing stirring-type reaction kettle, evaporation recover, sludge treatment equipment, granulating microorganism and reaction solution and biodiesel extract solution; alcohol solution is the mixed solution of methanol, ethanol or the two arbitrary proportion in reaction solution, and dosage is 1 100 L（Alcohol solution volume）/Kg（Granulate microbial quality）, acid solution is the mixed solution of sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid or three's arbitrary proportion in reaction solution, and dosage is 0.005 0.08 L（Acid solution volume）/L（Alcohols volume）.Preparation technology of the present invention is simple, cost is cheap, can be used for industrialized production on a large scale.

Description

Biodiesel preparation technology based on granulating microorganism
Technical field
The present invention relates to the biomass recycling use of sewage disposal system, and it is micro- to be applied to granulating more particularly to one kind The biodiesel preparation technology of biology.
Background technology
Granulating microorganism refers to that the microorganism in biological treatment of waste water system assembles in the case where selecting pressure existence condition, mutually Forming one kind has greater density volume and preferable materialization constitution, available for Organic substance in water and the nitrogen and phosphorous nutrient degraded removal of giving up Microbial aggregate.At present, it is applied to the widely used granulating microorganism type master of sewage disposal in world wide To be anaerobic grain sludge and aerobic particle mud, and international top scientific research periodical《Science》What 2014 years delivered 《Anticipating the next century of wastewater treatment》Explicitly pointing out granule sludge will turn into The developing direction of representative art and existing traditional active sludge technology in sewage treatment process from now on.Meanwhile grind in recent years Study carefully and point out in the case where there is optical condition, granule sludge surface can also be photosynthetic microorganism（Such as algae）Symbiosis space is provided.According to this Phenomenon, on the basis of conventional particles sludge, bacterium algae coupling particle body is opened as a kind of novel particle microorganism by successfully research Hair is in sewage treatment area.
The problems such as due to secondary pollution and processing cost, bioprocess technology, which is used for excess sludge generation in sewage disposal process, is One of major defect of technology application, and microbial technique is granulated because its microbial action principle is there is also Similar Problems, Therefore how to realize that the efficient resource utilization of remainder particulate microorganism need to be goed deep into determination.At present, numerous researchs pass through Calculate yield of biodiesel and the economical operation cost of activated sludge, it is determined that using the biolobic material prepare biodiesel can Row, and the biolobic material is because of the accessory substance that it is processing sewage, the relatively existing raw material for preparing biodiesel（Such as soybean）, Stable yield and the relatively low advantage of material cost are made it have, while agricultural land will not be taken, agricultural production security can be ensured Property.However, process in this respect is currently based on mainly with floc sludge（Non-particulateization form）For raw material, granulating is utilized The process that microorganism prepares biodiesel yet there are no relevant report.Meanwhile microorganism is granulated because of its structural particularity, lead Cause its biological community structure that also there is significant difference compared with floc sludge with oil accumulation content and type, it is existing so as to cause The biodiesel oil preparing process having suitable for cotton-shaped activated sludge can not effectively be applied to the recycling of granulating microorganism Link.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is based on the remainder particulate microorganism in sewage disposal system, there is provided a kind of Suitable for the biodiesel preparation technology of the type biomass, for the above-mentioned purpose, life of the present invention based on granulating microorganism Thing diesel oil preparation technology, the technique include muddy water screening cage, solar constant temperature water bath device, sealing stirring-type reaction kettle, steaming Recover and sludge treatment equipment are sent out, the granulating microorganism is granule sludge, particle microalgae, helotism particle or three The mixing biomass of arbitrary proportion, reaction solution are alcohol solution and the mixed liquor of acid solution, and biodiesel extract solution is n-hexane.
Wherein described muddy water screening cage is stainless steel, organic board or cylinder made of glass, and upper end is open sample introduction Mouthful, lower end is the strainer in 0.1-1.0mm apertures.
Wherein described solar energy constant-temperature water bath apparatus includes solar energy water thermal, tank and temperature regulating device；It is wherein described Sealing stirring-type reaction kettle is sealing cylinder made of stainless steel, organic board or glass, and upper end sets Cang Gai, and bottom sets and stirred Mix device.
Wherein described evaporation recover includes extract solution evaporation recover and reaction solution two groups of recover of evaporation, every group of recovery Device includes solar constant temperature water bath device, and stainless steel, organic board or top end opening cylinder made of glass.
Wherein described sludge treatment equipment is that stainless steel, organic board or top end opening pond body made of glass, inside are set Put agitator.
Wherein described alcohol solution is the mixed solution of methanol, ethanol or the two arbitrary proportion.
Wherein described acid solution is the mixed solution of sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid or three's arbitrary proportion.
Based on the biodiesel preparation technology of granulating microorganism, comprise the following steps：With solar energy constant temperature water bath apparatus Heater is prepared for biodiesel, sealing stirring-type reaction kettle is placed wherein；Granulating microorganism is injected into muddy water sieve Divide in cage, muddy water is sieved to the granulating microorganism retained in cage afterwards and is added in sealing stirring-type reaction kettle, afterwards will be anti- Answer solution to be added in sealing stirring-type reaction kettle to be stirred, extract solution is added after the completion of question response and is stirred place Reason；Mixed liquor in sealing stirring-type reaction kettle is separated, extract solution and residual reaction liquid are injected separately into extract solution evaporation In recover and reaction solution evaporation recover, residual liquid is biological bavin in extract solution evaporation recover after evaporation process Oil, recycling is carried out respectively after the boil-off gas of two groups of evaporation recovers discharge is condensed, remaining solid is given birth in mixed liquor Material, which is transferred in sludge treatment equipment, carries out compost treatment.
The invention difference from existing technology is that the present invention achieves following technique effect：
1. for the biocoene characteristic of granulating microorganism, its effective biodiesel preparation technology is built；
2. being based on grain diameter structural advantage, realize that muddy water efficiently separates by physical method using muddy water screening cage, save existing There is biomass drying and dehydrating process cost in technology；
3. using heat-treated under medium temperature method, the energy input cost that HTHP is brought is saved；
It is combined with the biomass as resources disposal of follow-up residual solid 4. the technology is realized, has in biodiesel preparatory phase Effect kills pathogenic microorganisms in sludge and reduces macromolecule organic content in sludge, so as to reduce at existing excess sludge compost Secondary pollution risk after reason；
It is expected to provide a kind of new ant algorithms for granulating microbial resourcesization disposal by the implementation achievement of this patent in a word, is providing Source is reclaimed and energy-saving square face has certain Research Significance.
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Brief description of the drawings
The process structure figure of Fig. 1 patents of the present invention.
Embodiment
With reference to embodiments, the forgoing and additional technical features and advantages are described in more detail.
Implementation prepares processing unit (plant), reaction solution and reaction condition with biodiesel and is effectively configured to main body.This patent institute Shen Biodiesel preparation technology please can be used for granulating microorganism or biological film type microorganism（Including aerobic particle mud, anaerobism Granule sludge, helotism particle, bacteria and algae film）, pathogenic microorganisms and macromolecule in granule sludge are removed available for effective Organic matter, ensure the security and stability of follow-up sludge composting product.
The heater that implementation process is prepared using solar energy constant temperature water bath apparatus as biodiesel, by sealing stirring-type reaction Kettle is placed wherein, and constant temperature water bath apparatus water level control is highly for the 10%-90% of sealing stirring-type reaction kettle height, temperature control 40-70℃；
Granulating microorganism is injected into muddy water screening cage and stops 0.1-24 hours, muddy water is sieved to retained in cage afterwards Granulation microorganism is added in sealing stirring-type reaction kettle, and granulating microorganism dosage accounts for sealing stirring-type reaction kettle inner bulk Long-pending 0.1%-30%；
1-100 L are added into sealing stirring-type reaction kettle（Alcohol solution volume）/Kg（Granulate microbial quality）Alcohols Solution, the alcohol solution are selected from the mixed solution of methanol, ethanol or the two arbitrary proportion；Add into sealing stirring-type reaction kettle Enter 0.005-0.08 L（Acid solution volume）/L（Alcohols volume）Acid solution, the acid solution be sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid or three it is any The mixed solution of ratio；
Reaction solution is 0.5-36 hours with granulating microorganism reaction time in stirring-type reaction kettle is sealed；Seal stirring-type Reactor bottom agitator speed is arranged to 0-1000 revs/min；
After reaction time terminates, 0.1-10L is added into sealing stirring-type reaction kettle（Extracting liquid volume）/L（Alcohols volume）'s Extract solution, extraction time are 0.1-10 hours, and sealing stirring-type reaction kettle bottom stirrer speed is arranged to 1-1000 revs/min Clock；
After extraction time terminates, agitator is closed, and reaction mixture staticly settles 1-240 minutes；Staticly settling the time terminates Afterwards, extract solution and residual reaction liquid in stirring-type reaction kettle are sealed and is injected separately into extract solution evaporation recover and reaction solution evaporation Recover；It is 50-80 DEG C that reaction solution evaporation recover, which sets temperature, and run time is arranged to 1-30 hours；Extract solution evaporates back It is 50-80 DEG C to receive device and set temperature, and run time is 1-120 hours, and run time terminates residual in rear extract solution evaporation recover It is biodiesel to stay solution；
Remaining solid biomass, which is transferred in sludge treatment equipment, in mixed liquor carries out compost treatment, and the compost treatment time is set as 1-30 days, it was that 0-200 turns/hour that agitator, which sets speed, in sludge treatment equipment；
Embodiment described above is only that the preferred embodiment of the present invention is described, and not the scope of the present invention is carried out Limit, on the premise of design spirit of the present invention is not departed from, those of ordinary skill in the art make to technical scheme Various modifications and improvement, all should fall into claims of the present invention determination protection domain in.

Claims (6)

1. the biodiesel preparation technology based on granulating microorganism, it is characterised in that：The technique includes muddy water screening cage, too Positive energy constant temperature water bath apparatus, sealing stirring-type reaction kettle, sludge treatment equipment, reaction solution and granulating microorganism.
2. the biodiesel preparation technology based on granulating microorganism according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described Granulating microorganism is the mixing biomass of granule sludge, particle microalgae, helotism particle or three's arbitrary proportion, and reaction is molten Liquid is alcohol solution and the mixed liquor of acid solution.
3. the biodiesel preparation technology based on granulating microorganism as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that including following Step：Highly to seal the 10%-90% of stirring-type reaction kettle height, temperature control is the constant temperature water bath apparatus water level control 40-70℃；It is described granulating microorganism be injected into muddy water screening cage in the residence time be 0.1-24 hours；The micro- life of granulating The dosage of thing accounts for the 0.1%-30% of sealing stirring-type reaction kettle internal volume.
4. the biodiesel preparation technology based on granulating microorganism as any one of claim 1-2, it is characterised in that Comprise the following steps：In the reaction solution alcohol solution be methanol, ethanol or the two arbitrary proportion mixed solution, dosage For 1-100 L（Alcohol solution volume）/Kg（Granulate microbial quality）；Acid solution is sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, nitre in the reaction solution The mixed solution of acid or three's arbitrary proportion, dosage is 0.005-0.08 L（Acid solution volume）/L（Alcohols volume）.
5. the biodiesel preparation technology based on granulating microorganism as any one of claim 1-4, it is characterised in that Comprise the following steps：Reaction solution is 0.5-36 hours with granulating microorganism reaction time in stirring-type reaction kettle is sealed, Sealing stirring-type reaction kettle bottom stirrer speed is arranged to 0-1000 revs/min.
6. the biodiesel preparation technology based on granulating microorganism according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Reaction After the completion of, remaining solid biomass, which is transferred in sludge treatment equipment, in mixed liquor carries out compost treatment, and the compost treatment time sets It is set to 1-30 days, it is that 0-200 turns/hour that agitator, which sets speed, in sludge treatment equipment.
CN201710865504.3A 2017-09-22 2017-09-22 Biodiesel preparation technology based on granulating microorganism Pending CN107513543A (en)

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Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2005035693A2 (en) * 2003-10-02 2005-04-21 Mississippi State University Production of biodiesel and other valuable chemicals from waste water treatment plant sludges
CN105670803A (en) * 2016-02-26 2016-06-15 同济大学 Method for preparing biodiesel by enhancing microorganisms in excess sludge to enrich and produce grease

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2005035693A2 (en) * 2003-10-02 2005-04-21 Mississippi State University Production of biodiesel and other valuable chemicals from waste water treatment plant sludges
CN105670803A (en) * 2016-02-26 2016-06-15 同济大学 Method for preparing biodiesel by enhancing microorganisms in excess sludge to enrich and produce grease

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
王怡等: "城市污水处理厂污泥制取生物柴油的试验研究", 《中国给水排水》 *

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Application publication date: 20171226