CN107512922B - Breakage-proof large-area building ceramic thin plate and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Breakage-proof large-area building ceramic thin plate and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
- C04B38/02—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by adding chemical blowing agents
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- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
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- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/04—Clay; Kaolin
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- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/131—Inorganic additives
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- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/16—Lean materials, e.g. grog, quartz
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- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/50—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials
- C04B41/5025—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials with ceramic materials
- C04B41/5035—Silica
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- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/80—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only ceramics
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
- E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
- E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
- E04F13/14—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements stone or stone-like materials, e.g. ceramics concrete; of glass or with an outer layer of stone or stone-like materials or glass
- E04F13/142—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements stone or stone-like materials, e.g. ceramics concrete; of glass or with an outer layer of stone or stone-like materials or glass with an outer layer of ceramics or clays
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/34—Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3427—Silicates other than clay, e.g. water glass
- C04B2235/3463—Alumino-silicates other than clay, e.g. mullite
- C04B2235/3472—Alkali metal alumino-silicates other than clay, e.g. spodumene, alkali feldspars such as albite or orthoclase, micas such as muscovite, zeolites such as natrolite
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of preparation of novel building materials, and provides an anti-damage large-area building ceramic thin plate and a preparation method thereof. The method comprises the steps of firstly mixing clay, potash feldspar and quartz stone, putting the mixed water and pore-forming agent into a kneading machine to obtain a plastic body, then introducing a glass fiber net into a roller press to form a three-layer composite board which is fused and penetrated; then coating a release agent solution on the ceramic template, cutting, and obtaining a composite ceramic sheet with uniform micropores after treatment; finally, preparing slurry by adopting silica sol and liquefied wood, coating the slurry on the composite ceramic sheet twice, solidifying and strengthening the slurry, and demoulding to obtain the breakage-proof large-area building ceramic sheet. The invention greatly increases the strength of the ceramic sheet, can effectively prevent shrinkage deformation and mechanical damage, ensures the flatness of the ceramic sheet, and is suitable for preparing large-area ceramic sheets. The preparation method is simple and easy to control, and can realize large-scale industrial production.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of preparation of novel building materials, and provides an anti-damage large-area building ceramic thin plate and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Compared with the traditional building material, the novel building material mainly comprises a novel wall material, a heat insulation material, a waterproof sealing material and a decoration material, and has incomparable functions compared with the traditional building material. The cost of the building materials accounts for more than 50 percent of the total cost of the basic construction, and has a considerable proportion; and the variety and quality level of the building materials restrict the form and construction method of the building and structure. In addition, the building materials directly affect various performances such as safety reliability, durability, and applicability (economical, aesthetic, and energy saving) of civil engineering and construction works. Therefore, the development, production and use of the novel building material have important significance for promoting social progress and developing national economy.
The development of novel building materials and the popularization of energy-saving buildings are the requirements for protecting arable land resources. 70 percent of Chinese building construction materials are wall-modified materials, wherein clay bricks still occupy the leading position, and the clay resources for producing the clay bricks are relatively high-quality clay. From the resource condition of the cultivated land in China, the cultivated land in China only occupies 13 percent of the land area, and the cultivated land per capita is 1.43 mu at present, which is about 1/3 percent of the world average value. The fact that the cultivated land resources are tense, the high-quality cultivated land is few, and the serious shortage of backup resources is not a conflict. Develops new products of building materials and opens up a feasible way for popularizing energy-saving buildings.
The development of novel building materials and the popularization of energy-saving buildings are the requirements for relieving energy shortage. The building material industry is a closely inseparable and interdependent industry with the construction industry, and both industries are already integrated into the post industry of national economic development. From a market perspective, the construction industry is the end user of the construction industry, and 77.3% of the products in the construction industry are used in the construction industry. The development of novel building materials and the popularization of energy-saving buildings are important links for the development of circular economy. The building material industry is the industry which utilizes various wastes most and has the largest potential. The development of circular economy endows the building material industry with a new machine, at present, the Chinese building material industry consumes a large amount of industrial and building wastes, such as coal gangue baked bricks in the coal industry, fly ash in the power industry as a production raw material and a mixed material of cement, fly ash bricks and fiber cement external wall panels, desulfurized gypsum for producing gypsum boards, various blast furnace slag in the metallurgical industry for producing slag cement, mineral wool acoustic panels and the like, in addition, the building material industry can also treat a considerable part of municipal refuse, and even a part of toxic and harmful wastes can be effectively consumed and utilized. The development of novel building materials and the popularization of energy-saving buildings are important prerequisites for the reconstruction of traditional building materials and buildings. The traditional building material industry taking the mining and kiln industry as the industrial characteristic currently belongs to the resource and energy consumption type industry.
The ceramic thin plate is a thin ceramic with the thickness less than 5.5mm, compared with similar products, the consumption of the building ceramic material in unit area is reduced by more than one time, raw material resources are saved by more than 60%, the sintering energy consumption is low, the comprehensive energy consumption is reduced by more than 50%, and the low-carbon targets of material saving and energy saving are well realized no matter the consumption of the raw materials and the energy consumption in the production process; meanwhile, the ceramic sheets are light, so that the logistics transportation cost is saved, and the load of a building is reduced.
However, because the ceramic thin plate is thin and has a large area, the problems of low strength, poor toughness and the like of green bodies and finished products are easy to occur in the production process. Therefore, the deformation and the breakage of the thin plate are easily caused no matter the green body is prepared, transported or sintered. At present, the strength is improved by adding porcelain stone, polyvinyl alcohol, modified starch and the like to increase the plasticity of a green body, but the effect is not obvious. Moreover, the added materials can affect the properties of the fired product, such as easy generation of hollow core, bubbles and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a breakage-proof large-area building ceramic thin plate and a preparation method thereof, aiming at the defect that the existing large-area ceramic thin plate is easy to break and damage due to strength and plasticity in green body manufacturing and sintering. The ceramic thin plate has the obvious advantages that the glass fiber net is embedded inside, and the slurry consisting of silica sol and liquefied wood is infiltrated into the micropores, so that the plasticity and the strength of the ceramic thin plate are improved, and the shrinkage deformation and the damage are effectively prevented. And the ceramic template is sintered, so that the flatness of the ceramic sheet is better ensured, and the ceramic template is suitable for preparing large-area ceramic sheets.
In order to realize the purpose, the following specific technical scheme is adopted:
a preparation method of a large-area building ceramic thin plate capable of preventing damage comprises the following steps of carrying out plastic kneading on ceramic raw materials in a certain proportion, then carrying out double-layer co-extrusion, introducing a glass fiber net in the middle, then carrying out the steps of pressing a roller, sintering, cooling and washing to obtain the ceramic thin plate with uniform micropores, coating the ceramic thin plate with slurry prepared from silica sol and liquefied wood, enabling the slurry to enter the micropores to strengthen the thin plate, and demoulding to obtain the large-area building ceramic thin plate capable of preventing damage, wherein the specific steps are as follows:
(1) mixing clay, potassium feldspar and quartz stone in proportion, adding a certain amount of water and a pore-forming agent, placing the mixture in a kneader with the motor power of 22-55 kW, and obtaining a plastomer after 20-30 min; the plastomer enters a double-layer co-extrusion extruder, the upper layer and the lower layer extrude sheets, and the middle part is led into a glass fiber net along with extrusion; then the mixture enters a roller press, and under the action of pressure, the upper and lower layers of plastic bodies enter a gap of the glass fiber net to form a fused and penetrated three-layer composite board;
(2) coating a release agent solution on a ceramic template, cutting the composite board obtained in the step (2) to obtain a composite ceramic sheet with a size of 1.5m × 1.5.1.5 m-2 m × 2m, placing the composite board on the ceramic template, placing the composite board in a sintering kiln for sintering for 1-2 h, then carrying out vacuum cooling, and washing with water to remove a pore-forming agent to obtain a uniform microporous composite ceramic sheet;
(3) preparing silica sol and liquefied wood into slurry according to a certain mass ratio, coating the slurry on the composite ceramic sheet obtained in the step (2), allowing the slurry to enter micropores after 10-20 min, performing secondary coating to allow the micropores on the surface to absorb the slurry, solidifying and strengthening, and demolding to obtain the breakage-proof large-area building ceramic sheet.
Preferably, in the potassium feldspar in the step (1), the content of potassium oxide is 10-13%; in the quartz stone, the content of silicon dioxide is not lower than 95%;
preferably, the raw materials in the step (1) are as follows in parts by weight: 40-50 parts of clay, 20-30 parts of potassium feldspar, 25-35 parts of quartz stone and 5-10 parts of water;
preferably, the pore-foaming agent in the step (1) is sodium chloride, potassium chloride or ammonium chloride, and the adding amount of the pore-foaming agent is 1-2% of the total mass of the clay, the potash feldspar, the quartz stone and the water;
preferably, the thickness of the extruded three-layer composite ceramic plate in the step (1) is 6-8 mm, and the thickness of the thin plate after compression is 3.5-5 mm;
preferably, the release agent solution in the step (2) is a polytetrafluoroethylene solution, a methyl silicone oil or a silicone rubber toluene solution;
preferably, the sintering temperature in the step (2) is 900-1300 ℃;
preferably, the mass ratio of the silica sol to the liquefied wood in the step (3) is 1: 2-2: 1.
Further preferably, the liquefied wood in the step (3) is phenol liquefied wood.
An anti-damage large-area building ceramic sheet is characterized by being prepared by the method. Silica sol and liquefied wood are embedded in the ceramic thin plate, so that the breakage resistance of the ceramic thin plate is greatly improved.
The method is characterized in that a glass fiber net is embedded in the thin plate structure, so that the tensile strength and the bending strength of the ceramic product can be obviously improved, and the fusion penetration of the glass fiber net and the ceramic matrix is a premise for achieving a reinforcing effect.
The invention provides a breakage-proof large-area building ceramic sheet and a preparation method thereof, compared with the prior art, the breakage-proof large-area building ceramic sheet has the outstanding characteristics and excellent effects that:
1. the invention greatly increases the strength of the ceramic sheet and can effectively prevent shrinkage deformation and mechanical damage by embedding the glass fiber net between the ceramic layers, absorbing slurry made of silica sol and liquefied wood by adopting the micropores and solidifying and strengthening.
2. The sintering process of the invention is carried out on the ceramic template, thereby ensuring the flatness of the ceramic sheet and being suitable for preparing the large-area ceramic sheet.
3. The preparation method is simple, the raw materials are easy to obtain, and large-scale industrial production can be realized.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments, but it should not be construed that the scope of the present invention is limited to the following examples. Various substitutions and alterations can be made by those skilled in the art and by conventional means without departing from the spirit of the method of the invention described above.
Example 1
The method for preparing the large-area breakage-proof building ceramic thin plate comprises the following specific steps:
mixing 45kg of clay, 10kg of potassium feldspar and 30kg of quartz stone, adding 5kg of water and 1.2kg of sodium chloride, putting the mixture into a kneader with the motor power of 22-55 kW, obtaining a plastic body after 30min, putting the plastic body into a double-layer co-extrusion extruder, extruding upper and lower layers of extruded sheets, introducing a glass fiber net into the middle of the extruded sheets along with extrusion, then putting the extruded sheets into a roller press, putting the upper and lower layers of plastic body into a gap of the glass fiber net under the action of pressure to form a fused and penetrated three-layer composite board with the thickness of 4mm, coating a polytetrafluoroethylene solution on a ceramic template, cutting the obtained composite ceramic plate to the size of 1.5m × 1.5.5 m, then putting the composite ceramic plate on the ceramic template, putting the ceramic plate in a sintering kiln, sintering the ceramic plate for 1h at 1300 ℃, then carrying out vacuum cooling, washing with water to remove potassium chloride to obtain a uniform microporous composite ceramic plate, mixing 10kg of silica sol and 20kg of liquefied wood, coating the slurry on the obtained composite ceramic plate, after 20min, putting the slurry into micropores, carrying out secondary coating again to enable the slurry to absorb fine micropores, solidifying the slurry, and obtaining the large-area reinforced.
The ceramic sheet obtained in example 1 was subjected to bending and pressing tests, and the mechanical strength was high, and bending deformation and breakage were effectively prevented. As shown in Table 1, the performance is superior to the relevant indexes of the standard JGJ/T172 technical Specification for the application of architectural ceramic sheets.
Example 2
The method for preparing the large-area breakage-proof building ceramic thin plate comprises the following specific steps:
50kg of clay, 20kg of potassium feldspar and 25kg of quartz stone are mixed, 5kg of water and 1.0kg of potassium chloride are added, the mixture is placed in a kneader with the power of a motor of 22-55 kW, a plastic body is obtained after 20min, the plastic body enters a double-layer co-extrusion extruder, an upper layer and a lower layer of extruded sheets are extruded, a glass fiber net is introduced into the middle of the extruded sheets along with extrusion, then the extruded sheets enter a roller press, the upper layer and the lower layer of plastic body enter a gap of the glass fiber net under the action of pressure to form a fused and penetrated three-layer composite plate with the thickness of 4mm, a silicon rubber toluene solution is coated on a ceramic template, the obtained composite ceramic plate is cut to the size of 1.5m × 1.5.5 m, then the composite ceramic template is placed on a sintering kiln and sintered for 2h at the temperature of 1200 ℃, then the composite ceramic plate is cooled in vacuum, the washed by water to remove the potassium chloride, a uniform microporous composite ceramic plate is obtained, 15kg of silica sol is mixed with 15kg of liquefied wood, the obtained composite ceramic plate is coated on the obtained composite ceramic plate, after 10min, slurry enters micropores, the.
The ceramic sheet obtained in example 2 was subjected to bending and pressing tests, and the mechanical strength was high, and bending deformation and breakage were effectively prevented. As shown in Table 1, the performance is superior to the relevant indexes of the standard JGJ/T172 technical Specification for the application of architectural ceramic sheets.
Example 3
The method for preparing the large-area breakage-proof building ceramic thin plate comprises the following specific steps:
mixing 40kg of clay, 35kg of potassium feldspar and 20kg of quartz stone, adding 5kg of water and 2.0kg of ammonium chloride, putting the mixture into a kneader with the motor power of 22-55 kW, obtaining a plastic body after 25min, putting the plastic body into a double-layer co-extrusion extruder, extruding upper and lower layers of extruded sheets, introducing a glass fiber net into the middle of the extruded sheets along with extrusion, then putting the extruded sheets into a roller press, putting the upper and lower layers of plastic body into a gap of the glass fiber net under the action of pressure to form a fused and penetrated three-layer composite board with the thickness of 4mm, coating a polytetrafluoroethylene solution on a ceramic template, cutting the obtained composite ceramic plate to the size of 1.5m × 1.5.5 m, then putting the composite ceramic plate on the ceramic template, putting the ceramic plate in a sintering kiln, sintering the ceramic plate for 1.5h at 1100 ℃, then carrying out vacuum cooling, washing with water to remove the ammonium chloride, obtaining a uniform microporous composite ceramic plate, mixing and coating the composite ceramic plate on the obtained composite ceramic plate, after 15min, carrying out secondary coating of slurry on the slurry, absorbing the micropores, solidifying the slurry, and obtaining a large-area reinforced ceramic plate.
The ceramic sheet obtained in example 3 was subjected to bending and pressing tests, and the mechanical strength was high, and bending deformation and breakage were effectively prevented. As shown in Table 1, the performance is superior to the relevant indexes of the standard JGJ/T172 technical Specification for the application of architectural ceramic sheets.
Example 4
The method for preparing the large-area breakage-proof building ceramic thin plate comprises the following specific steps:
mixing 40kg of clay, 25kg of potassium feldspar and 25kg of quartz stone, adding 10kg of water and 1.6kg of sodium chloride, putting the mixture into a kneader with the motor power of 22-55 kW, obtaining a plastic body after 22min, putting the plastic body into a double-layer co-extrusion extruder, extruding upper and lower layers of extruded sheets, introducing a glass fiber net into the middle of the extruded sheets along with extrusion, then putting the extruded sheets into a roller press, putting the upper and lower layers of plastic body into a gap of the glass fiber net under the action of pressure to form a fused and penetrated three-layer composite board with the thickness of 4mm, coating a silicon rubber toluene solution on a ceramic template, cutting the obtained composite ceramic board to the size of 1.5m × 1.5.5 m, then putting the composite ceramic board on the ceramic template, putting the ceramic board in a sintering kiln, sintering for 1h at the temperature of 1000 ℃, then carrying out vacuum cooling, washing with water to remove the sodium chloride to obtain a uniform microporous composite ceramic sheet, mixing 20kg of silica sol and 10kg of liquefied wood, coating the obtained composite ceramic sheet on the obtained composite ceramic sheet, after 18min, putting the slurry into micropores, absorbing the micropores again, solidifying the slurry, and obtaining a large-area reinforced ceramic sheet.
The ceramic sheet obtained in example 4 was subjected to bending and pressing tests, and the mechanical strength was high, and bending deformation and breakage were effectively prevented. As shown in Table 1, the performance is superior to the relevant indexes of the standard JGJ/T172 technical Specification for the application of architectural ceramic sheets.
Example 5
The method for preparing the large-area breakage-proof building ceramic thin plate comprises the following specific steps:
mixing 45kg of clay, 10kg of potassium feldspar and 25kg of quartz stone, adding 10kg of water and 1.8kg of potassium chloride, putting the mixture into a kneader with the motor power of 22-55 kW, obtaining a plastic body after 28min, putting the plastic body into a double-layer co-extrusion extruder, extruding upper and lower layers of extruded sheets, introducing a glass fiber net in the middle along with extrusion, then putting the glass fiber net into a roller press, putting the upper and lower layers of plastic body into a gap of the glass fiber net under the action of pressure to form a fused and penetrated three-layer composite board with the thickness of 4mm, coating a methyl silicone oil solution on a ceramic template, cutting the obtained composite ceramic plate to the size of 1.5m × 1.5.5 m, then putting the composite ceramic plate on the ceramic template, putting the ceramic plate into a sintering kiln, sintering the ceramic plate for 1h at the temperature of 1150 ℃, then carrying out vacuum cooling, washing with water to remove the potassium chloride to obtain a uniform microporous composite ceramic plate, mixing 18kg of silica sol and 12kg of liquefied wood, coating the composite ceramic plate on the obtained composite ceramic plate, after 16min, putting the slurry into micropores, absorbing the micropores, solidifying the slurry, and obtaining a large-area reinforced ceramic plate with the slurry.
The ceramic sheet obtained in example 5 was subjected to bending and pressing tests, and the mechanical strength was high, and bending deformation and breakage were effectively prevented. As shown in Table 1, the performance is superior to the relevant indexes of the standard JGJ/T172 technical Specification for the application of architectural ceramic sheets.
Example 6
The method for preparing the large-area breakage-proof building ceramic thin plate comprises the following specific steps:
mixing 40kg of clay, 25kg of potassium feldspar and 30kg of quartz stone, adding 5kg of water and 1.2kg of ammonium chloride, putting the mixture into a kneader with the motor power of 22-55 kW, obtaining a plastic body after 27min, putting the plastic body into a double-layer co-extrusion extruder, extruding upper and lower layers of extruded sheets, introducing a glass fiber net into the middle of the extruded sheets along with extrusion, then putting the extruded sheets into a roller press, putting the upper and lower layers of plastic body into a gap of the glass fiber net under the action of pressure to form a fused and penetrated three-layer composite board with the thickness of 4mm, coating a polytetrafluoroethylene solution on a ceramic template, cutting the obtained composite ceramic plate to the size of 1.5m × 1.5.5 m, then putting the composite ceramic plate on the ceramic template, putting the ceramic plate in a sintering kiln, sintering the ceramic plate at 1080 ℃ for 1.5h, then carrying out vacuum cooling, washing with water to remove the ammonium chloride, obtaining a uniform microporous composite ceramic plate, mixing 15kg of silica sol and coating the composite ceramic plate on the obtained composite ceramic plate, after 13min, carrying out secondary coating of slurry on micropores, absorbing the slurry, solidifying the micropore, and obtaining a large-area reinforced ceramic plate.
The ceramic sheet obtained in example 6 was subjected to bending and pressing tests, and the mechanical strength was high, and bending deformation and breakage were effectively prevented. As shown in Table 1, the performance is superior to the relevant indexes of the standard JGJ/T172 technical Specification for the application of architectural ceramic sheets.
Example 7
The method for preparing the large-area breakage-proof building ceramic thin plate comprises the following specific steps:
mixing 45kg of clay, 20kg of potassium feldspar and 30kg of quartz stone, adding 5kg of water and 1.5kg of sodium chloride, putting the mixture into a kneader with the power of a motor of 22-55 kW, obtaining a plastic body after 30min, putting the plastic body into a double-layer co-extrusion extruder, extruding upper and lower layers of extruded sheets, introducing a glass fiber net in the middle along with extrusion, then putting the glass fiber net into a roller press, putting the upper and lower layers of plastic body into a gap of the glass fiber net under the action of pressure to form a fused and penetrated three-layer composite board with the thickness of 4mm, coating a methyl silicone oil solution on a ceramic template, cutting the obtained composite ceramic plate to the size of 1.5m × 1.5.5 m, then putting the composite ceramic plate on the ceramic template, putting the ceramic plate into a sintering kiln, sintering the ceramic plate for 1h at 1200 ℃, then carrying out vacuum cooling, washing with water to remove the sodium chloride to obtain a uniform microporous composite ceramic plate, mixing and preparing slurry by adopting 13kg of silica sol and 17kg of liquefied wood, coating the slurry on the obtained composite ceramic plate, after 14min, carrying out secondary coating, enabling the slurry to be fine micropores to absorb the micropores, solidifying the slurry, and obtaining a.
The ceramic sheet obtained in example 7 was subjected to bending and pressing tests, and the mechanical strength was high, and bending deformation and breakage were effectively prevented. As shown in Table 1, the performance is superior to the relevant indexes of the standard JGJ/T172 technical Specification for the application of architectural ceramic sheets.
Comparative example 1
The method for preparing the large-area breakage-proof building ceramic thin plate comprises the following specific steps:
mixing 45kg of clay, 20kg of potassium feldspar and 30kg of quartz stone, adding 5kg of water, placing the mixture in a kneader with the power of a motor of 22-55 kW, obtaining a plastic body after 30min, putting the plastic body into a double-layer co-extrusion extruder, extruding thin sheets from an upper layer and a lower layer, introducing a glass fiber net into the middle of the two layers along with extrusion, then putting the two layers of plastic bodies into a gap of the glass fiber net under the action of pressure to form a fused and penetrated three-layer composite plate with the thickness of 4mm, coating a methyl silicone oil solution on a ceramic template, cutting the obtained composite ceramic plate to the size of 1.5m × 1.5.5 m, then placing the composite ceramic plate on the ceramic template, putting the ceramic template into a sintering kiln, sintering the ceramic plate at 1200 ℃ for 1 hour, and then carrying out vacuum cooling to obtain the breakage-proof large-area architectural ceramic plate.
The ceramic sheet obtained in comparative example 1 was subjected to bending and pressing tests, and as shown in table 1, the strength, impact resistance and breaking strength were remarkably reduced since no microporosity was caused and no reinforcing was performed by using a silica sol and a liquefied wood slurry.
Table 1:
Claims (9)
1. a preparation method of a large-area building ceramic thin plate capable of preventing damage comprises the following steps of carrying out plastic kneading on ceramic raw materials in a certain proportion, then carrying out double-layer co-extrusion, introducing a glass fiber net in the middle, then carrying out the steps of pressing a roller, sintering, cooling and washing to obtain the ceramic thin plate with uniform micropores, coating the ceramic thin plate with slurry prepared from silica sol and liquefied wood, enabling the slurry to enter the micropores to strengthen the thin plate, and demoulding to obtain the large-area building ceramic thin plate capable of preventing damage, wherein the specific steps are as follows:
(1) mixing clay, potassium feldspar and quartz stone in proportion, adding a certain amount of water and a pore-forming agent, placing the mixture in a kneader with the motor power of 22-55 kW, and obtaining a plastomer after 20-30 min; the plastomer enters a double-layer co-extrusion extruder, the upper layer and the lower layer extrude sheets, and the middle part is led into a glass fiber net along with extrusion; then the mixture enters a roller press, and under the action of pressure, the upper and lower layers of plastic bodies enter a gap of the glass fiber net to form a fused and penetrated three-layer composite board;
(2) coating a release agent solution on a ceramic template, cutting the composite board obtained in the step (2) to obtain a composite ceramic sheet with a size of 1.5m × 1.5.1.5 m-2 m × 2m, placing the composite board on the ceramic template, placing the composite board in a sintering kiln for sintering for 1-2 h, then carrying out vacuum cooling, and washing with water to remove a pore-forming agent to obtain a uniform microporous composite ceramic sheet;
(3) preparing silica sol and liquefied wood into slurry according to a certain mass ratio, coating the slurry on the composite ceramic sheet obtained in the step (2), allowing the slurry to enter micropores after 10-20 min, performing secondary coating to allow the micropores on the surface to absorb the slurry, solidifying and strengthening, and demolding to obtain the breakage-proof large-area building ceramic sheet; the mass ratio of the silica sol to the liquefied wood is 1: 2-2: 1; the liquefied wood is phenol liquefied wood.
2. The method of claim 1 for making a breakage-proof large area architectural ceramic sheet, wherein: in the potassium feldspar obtained in the step (1), the content of potassium oxide is 10-13%; in the quartz stone, the content of silicon dioxide is not lower than 95%.
3. The method of claim 1 for making a breakage-proof large area architectural ceramic sheet, wherein: the weight parts of the raw materials in the step (1) are as follows: 40-50 parts of clay, 20-30 parts of potassium feldspar, 25-35 parts of quartz stone and 5-10 parts of water.
4. The method of claim 1 for making a breakage-proof large area architectural ceramic sheet, wherein: the pore-foaming agent in the step (1) is sodium chloride, potassium chloride or ammonium chloride, and the adding amount of the pore-foaming agent is 1-2% of the total mass of the clay, the potash feldspar, the quartz stone and the water.
5. The method of claim 1 for making a breakage-proof large area architectural ceramic sheet, wherein: the thickness of the extruded three-layer composite board is 6-8 mm, and the thickness of the thin board after the pressing roller is 3.5-5 mm.
6. The method of claim 1 for making a breakage-proof large area architectural ceramic sheet, wherein: and (3) the release agent solution in the step (2) is a polytetrafluoroethylene solution, methyl silicone oil or a silicone rubber toluene solution.
7. The method of claim 1 for making a breakage-proof large area architectural ceramic sheet, wherein: and (3) the sintering temperature in the step (2) is 900-1300 ℃.
8. A breakage-resistant large area architectural ceramic sheet, produced by the method of any one of claims 1 to 7.
9. A breakage resistant large area architectural ceramic sheet as recited in claim 8, wherein: silica sol and liquefied wood are embedded in the ceramic thin plate.
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| CN109705951A (en) * | 2018-12-05 | 2019-05-03 | 珠海凯利得新材料有限公司 | A kind of release agent and preparation method and release method suitable for silicon carbide ceramics wax green |
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| CN101396838B (en) * | 2008-10-31 | 2010-06-09 | 中国林业科学研究院林产化学工业研究所 | Wood liquefier and method for preparing surfactant using liquidated wood |
| CN102173760B (en) * | 2011-02-17 | 2013-05-01 | 山东德惠来装饰瓷板有限公司 | Method for manufacturing large silicon oxide ceramic sheet |
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Denomination of invention: A Damageproof Large Area Architectural Ceramic Sheet and Its Preparation Method Effective date of registration: 20230524 Granted publication date: 20200728 Pledgee: Zhejiang Luqiao Taizhou rural commercial bank Limited by Share Ltd. Pledgor: Taizhou Lantian Enterprise Service Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2023330000962 |