CN107510499B - posterior spinal fixation instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to posterior spinal fixation instruments, effectively solve the problems, such as that existing fixed instrument fixation is insecure, are connected with limitation, fixation is easily broken off or is detached from, it is unstable to adjust；Technical solution includes fixing device；Auxiliary device；Fixing device includes fixed disc, and adjustment hole is offered on fixed disc, and mounting hole is connected on the inside of adjustment hole, offers crossover port on the outside of mounting hole, and guaranteed fixed disc is in the connecting plate of integrally connected in adjustment hole, and locking radian slot is offered on fixed disc；Auxiliary device includes the supplementary disc with fixed disc same size, mounting hole corresponding with adjustment hole is offered in supplementary disc, the positioning sleeve that activity is placed is equipped on the inside of mounting hole, positioning sleeve is corresponding with crossover port, positioning sleeve can realize universal rotational in crossover port, the lower end of supplementary disc is equipped with the clamping block to match with locking radian slot, and multiple pedicle nails are placed in mounting hole；The present invention is not in fracture or the situation for being detached from fixed range.

Description

Posterior spinal fixation instrument

Technical field

The present invention relates to bone surgery technical field, the posterior spinal fixation instrument particularly applied in operation.

Background technology

Human spine is by 33 pieces of vertebras（7 pieces of cervical vertebra, 12 pieces of thoracic vertebrae, 5 pieces of lumbar vertebrae, totally 9 pieces of rumpbone, coccyx）By means of ligament, close Section and interverbebral disc are formed by connecting.Backbone upper end support skull, second line of a couplet hipbone, in attached rib cage, and as thorax, abdominal cavity and pelvic cavity Rear wall.Backbone has the function of to support trunk, protection internal organ, protection spinal cord and be moved.It is formed from top to bottom inside backbone The ridge pipe of one stringer, inside there is spinal cord（Backbone is not equal to vertebra or vertebrae, and backbone is made of N block vertebras）.

Internal fixation of spine is initially that the exterior fixing rack fractured from lower limb body is conceived, and resets system simultaneously as interim After the advent of assisting spinal fusion, the sixties in last century, Harrington and Luqne, it is expanded to spinal trauma treatment, last century 70 Age, pedicle screw arrangements, such as Dick nail RF nail rod devices, the eighties in last century, by France Cotrel and Dubousset has invented C-D nail stick coupling apparatus systems.

In recent years, with the development of the development of spine surgical technique, particularly material technology, Internal fixation technology is in treatment ridge It is increasingly taken seriously in terms of marrow spinal lesion.

It, can since tumor of spine, tuberculosis and serious fracture often cause vertebral bodies destroyed in the treatment of human spine's disease Spinal nerve can be caused to damage and have to implement Vertebrae resection, the backbone after vertebral resection need to rebuild its stability, manually The appearance of vertebral body prosthesis art provides a kind of ideal method to treat such disease.From the last century 60's end for the first time Since report vertebral tumor is cut off and substituted with prosthese, artificial vertebral body is clinically obtained as a kind of effective vertebral body replacements Extensive use.But show traditional artificial vertebral body in certain sides in clinical practice and a series of Biomechanics test Face, which still has some, the problem of to be solved, the stability in terms of particularly postoperative axial-rotation not enough, with upper hypocentrum early stage Low implantation material displacement even abjection, the bone amount for guarantee center bone grafting hole of easily leading to of bond strength causes artificial vertebral body soleplate up and down Design area reduce, support degree is insufficient so that artificial vertebral body is absorbed in the soleplate of hypocentrum and finally loses reason Think height.In order to reduce the influence of the above problem, people have to add while implantable artificial centrum implement preceding road or after For the nail-plate or nail stick fixed system on road to provide the stabilization of early stage and bone fusion phase, this is just virtually degrading interior fixed system The mechanical environment of screw in system increases broken nail probability, and so that artificial vertebral body depression aggravates the phenomenon that entering terminal plate of vertebral body up and down.

Common spine fixator type is seldom in bone surgery at present, is all similar, common fixation mostly Device is made up of the connection structure of pitman, pedicle screws and some adjustable ranges, and this fixator is nearly all unified The shapes such as one rectangular-shaped, square shape of composition complete the fixation to backbone.

This fixator has the advantages of their own, and use is more convenient, but there is also many drawbacks：

1st, with the increase of human activity amount, the fatigue that metal itself can be caused to fix material is rigidly fixed, so as to cause Metal fixes the fracture and loosening of material, when the particularly long stage is fixed, the dangerous higher of this complication generation.

2nd, existing connection mode is connected by pitman, but pitman is typically all to use metal material, and is changed What is become is all the material for changing pitman mostly, it is made to have certain toughness, important so as to reduce the fatigue fracture risk of metal It is that this pitman freedom of movement is too big, may make fixing device during exercise, is detached from the normal range (NR) of backbone.

3rd, the connection of pedicle nail fully relies on the degree of freedom of pitman to adjust, and the free mobility of pitman is not allowed Easy to control, pitman is rigidly strong, and pedicle nail fracture, pitman is rigidly weak, and pedicle nail is detached from, it is this rely only on pitman and The pedicle nail mobility of control cannot control.

4th, the regulating device on fixator is cumbersome, present regulating device, is all by connecting with pitman one or split The adjusting block connect on pitman so that it can move or moved on adjusting block, such as pass through long lumbar hole between adjusting block It adjusts, this regulative mode leads to the unstable of regulating device due to the unstable of pitman, regulating device cannot be real Realization pedicle nail adjusting and control.

Therefore, the present invention provides a kind of and entirely different fixing device of conventional fasteners tool to solve problem above.

Invention content

For the above situation, to overcome the defect of the prior art, the present invention provides posterior spinal fixation instrument, effective to solve Having determined, existing fixed instrument fixation is insecure, be connected with limitation, fixation is easily broken off or is detached from, adjusts the problem of unstable.

The present invention is posterior spinal fixation instrument, which is characterized in that includes fixing device, for consolidating to backbone It is fixed；

Auxiliary device, for providing support for spinal fixation and adjusting help；

Fixing device includes the fixed disc with flexibility, and adjustment hole circumferentially, adjustment hole are offered on fixed disc Inside is connected with mounting hole through short-bore, and crossover port is offered on the outside of mounting hole, and guaranteed fixed disc is in integrally to connect in adjustment hole The connecting plate connect offers locking radian slot on fixed disc；

Auxiliary device includes the supplementary disc with fixed disc same size, is offered in supplementary disc corresponding with adjustment hole Mounting hole, the positioning sleeve that activity is placed is equipped on the inside of mounting hole, positioning sleeve is corresponding with crossover port, and positioning sleeve can be in crossover port Interior realization universal rotational, the lower end of supplementary disc are equipped with the clamping block to match with locking radian slot, in mounting hole activity place There are multiple pedicle nails.

Preferably, the locking radian slot there are two and be placed in the inside of adjustment hole, and around the center of circle of fixed disc Symmetrically.

Preferably, the locking radian slot includes an arc groove and with the end integrally connected of arc groove to extending out The expansion slot of exhibition, clamping block include cylinder table, there is the elastic card mat being wrapped on cylinder table lateral wall in that side of expansion slot, Elastic card mat both ends are penetrating and internal for cavity, be interspersed in elastic card mat can free activity cassette tape, the radian at cassette tape both ends Difference, wherein the curvature close to one end of arc groove is more than the other end.

Preferably, cassette tape contact with elastic card mat is sliding contact, and sliding contact is sliding rail or ball.

Preferably, the location hole being placed in supplementary disc is offered on the inside of the mounting hole, in location hole activity place There is positioning sleeve, positioning sleeve is connected to through adjustable chain at location hole.

Preferably, spliced eye is offered on the crossover port madial wall, the lateral wall of positioning sleeve is rotatablely connected through ball There is strut, elastic head is connected on the outside of strut, elastic head is pluggable in spliced eye.

Preferably, the penetrating inside in positioning sleeve both ends is cavity, and positioning sleeve madial wall is equipped with the first screw thread, positioning sleeve Bottom be equipped with through-hole baffle.

Preferably, the pedicle nail upper end is equipped with nut, and the lateral wall of nut is equipped with what is matched with the first screw thread Second screw thread, nut upper end offer screw head hole, and open-work is offered on the lateral wall of nut, and adjusting chain is connected in open-work, adjust Pitch chain is connected with rigid disk.

Preferably, flexible connection piece is detachably installed at the mounting hole.

The present invention changes the fixed mode that the pitman of traditional mode is simply connect with pedicle nail, is integrally connected using disk The mode connect so that pedicle nail is more stable when fixed, is more convenient when adjusting, and does not need to cumbersome dismounting and rotation is adjusted Device, it is only necessary to choose oneself suitable position, fixed form is simpler, adjusts more convenient, the vertebra after fixing The rigidity of nut nail is greatly improved, and is not in the situation of fracture or disengaging fixed range.

Description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is fixing device schematic diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is servicing unit of the present invention schematic diagram.

Fig. 3 is clamping block schematic diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is crossover port schematic diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is positioning sleeve schematic diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is pedicle nail schematic diagram of the present invention.

Specific embodiment

For the present invention aforementioned and other technology contents, feature and effect, in following cooperation with reference to figures 1 through Fig. 6 pairs In the detailed description of embodiment, can clearly it present.The structure content being previously mentioned in following embodiment is attached with specification Figure is reference.

Each exemplary embodiment of the present invention is described below with reference to accompanying drawings.

First, all schematic diagram sizes in the present invention are there may be deviation, but the size of attached drawing cannot limit this The structure of invention, nor the range protected in the present invention.

The present invention using structure with conventional fasteners tool using differing by the way of structure, traditional fixation instrument side Formula consolidates backbone all for simple connection one rectangular-shaped fixed frame of composition of simple pedicle nail and pitman It is fixed, and the present invention is fixed it using the cyclic annular fixed form of integral type, this is never to occur in backbone fixed network 's.

Specific embodiment is：

Embodiment one, the present invention are posterior spinal fixation instrument, include the dismountable fixing device 1 of packing and auxiliary fills 2 are put, fixing device 1 and auxiliary device 2 are used cooperatively, wherein, fixing device 1 is primarily used to be in direct contact backbone It is fixed, auxiliary device 2 primarily to when spinal fixation provide support and adjusting for fixing device 1 in terms of help.

The fixed disc 3 including there are one of fixing device 2, fixed disc 3 is metal material, but also has suppleness, in hand Under the action of power, flexural deformation can be realized, the arc of adjustment hole 4, adjustment hole 4 and fixed disc 3 is offered on fixed disc 3 Spend it is identical, but adjustment hole 4 be also an annular, after ensureing to open up adjustment hole 4, fixed disc 3 is still an entirety, It needs to be equipped with connecting plate 8 in adjustment hole 4, connecting plate 8 is used for connecting the fixed disc 3 of 4 both sides of adjustment hole, in adjustment hole 4 There is a mounting hole 6 in inside, and mounting hole 6 is fixed for pedicle nail is used to carry out backbone, and between adjustment hole 4 and mounting hole 6 It being connected with short-bore 5, makes its connection, crossover port 7 is offered in the outside of mounting hole 6, crossover port 7 and mounting hole 6 are concentric holes, But the fixed disc 3 between crossover port 7 and mounting hole 6 is still an entirety with entire fixed disc 3, is not broken, Otherwise, crossover port 7 and mounting hole 6 will synthesize a hole, in addition, in order to enable fixing device 1 and the cooperation fastening of auxiliary device 2, Locking radian slot 9 is offered on fixed disc 3.

Auxiliary device 2 includes the supplementary disc 10 with 3 same size diameter of fixed disc, and peace is offered in supplementary disc 10 Fill hole 11, mounting hole 11 and adjustment hole 4 are to correspond matched, and equipped with positioning sleeve 12, positioning sleeve 12 is 11 inside of mounting hole Can freely activity it is mobile, installation and the crossover port 7 of positioning sleeve 12 are mutual corresponding, and positioning sleeve 12 can be placed in crossover port In 7, and universal rotational can be realized in crossover port 7, in order to be fixed in locking radian slot 9, the lower end of supplementary disc 10 Equipped with clamping block 13, clamping block 13 is matched with locking radian slot 9, it can be achieved that being moved in locking radian slot 9, and backbone is consolidated Periodically, need or pedicle nail, pedicle nail are often used in a prior art and present bone surgery in itself Fixation instrument, possess oneself structure in itself.

Embodiment two, on the basis of embodiment one, when fixed disc 3 and supplementary disc 10 are fixed, in order to protect Hold its stability, locking radian slot 9 preferably there are two and be symmetrical arranged around the center of circle, locking radian slot 9 can be in adjustment hole 4 Inside, can also be in the outside of adjustment hole 4, this needs specific design to be changed according to oneself demand.

Embodiment three, on the basis of embodiment one, locking radian slot 9 include there are one arc groove 15 and with arc groove 15 End integrally connected an expansion slot 16, expansion slot 16 includes cylinder table 17 in the outside of arc groove 15, clamping block 13, Cylinder table 17 is placed in arc groove 15, the outside of cylinder table 17（With 16 corresponding side of expansion slot）It is wrapped in cylinder table 17 Elastic card mat 18 on lateral wall, elastic card mat 18 have elasticity and are compressed in arc groove 15, and 18 inside of elastic card mat is Cavity, both ends are also penetrating, and cassette tape 19 is interspersed in the inside of elastic card mat 18, and cassette tape 19 can freely live in elastic card mat 18 It is dynamic, but the radian of the both sides of cassette tape 19 but differs, that is to say, that the radian of 19 both sides of cassette tape from left to right gradually slowly to The radian of 19 both sides of outer expansion or cassette tape gradually slowly reduces outward from right to left.

Example IV, on the basis of embodiment three, cassette tape 19 can be free to slide in elastic card mat 18, and slides and connect Sliding rail or ball can be selected by touching 20 mode.

On the basis of embodiment one, location hole 21 is offered in the inside of mounting hole 11 for embodiment five, and location hole 21 exists In supplementary disc 10, in location hole 21 activity be placed with positioning sleeve 12, for being limited to pedicle nail and the adjustment in direction, Positioning sleeve 12 is that activity is placed, and the mode placed is realized by the chain 22 being connect with location hole 21.

Embodiment six on the basis of embodiment one, offers spliced eye 23 on the madial wall of crossover port 7, and positioning sleeve 12 lateral wall rotation connection strut 25, the mode of rotation connection realize that the end of strut 25 is equipped with elasticity by ball 24 First 26, elastic head 26 can be placed in spliced eye 23 so that positioning sleeve 12 can realize universal rotational in crossover port 7.

Embodiment seven, on the basis of embodiment six, the penetrating inside in both ends of positioning sleeve 12 is cavity, and both ends are penetrating, fixed Position 12 madial walls of set are equipped with the first screw thread 27, and baffle 28 can be arranged at the bottom of positioning sleeve 12, for consolidating to pedicle nail The limiting and fixation of timing, or it is penetrating, in this way, being directly born against during nail pedicle fix on fixed disc 3.

Embodiment eight, on the basis of embodiment seven, there is nut 29 in the upper end of pedicle nail, and nut 29 can be placed in positioning sleeve In 12, and there is the second screw thread 30 in 29 outside of nut, and the second screw thread 30 is matched with the first screw thread 27, opened up in the upper end of nut 29 There is screw head hole 31, during for installing fixed pedicle nail, position when applying rotatory force to pedicle nail is reserved, in nut 29 Open-work 32 is offered on lateral wall, which is the hole newly opened, in order to avoid influence matching for the first screw thread 27 and the second screw thread 30 Close, in open-work 32 connection adjust chain 33, adjust chain 33 can short range adjustable range length, adjust chain 33 and be connected with rigid disk 34, the other end of rigid disk 34 connects another and adjusts chain 33, and then terminal is connected with the open-work 32 on another pedicle nail.

Embodiment nine is equipped with flexible connection piece 35 circumferentially on the basis of embodiment one, at mounting hole 6, can also Changing the shape of flexible connection piece 35 according to specific fixed position, flexible connection piece 35 is metal material, but has certain toughness, It can just be covered on mounting hole 6.

When specifically used, fixed disc 3, which is placed on, needs fixed backbone position, is then set in supplementary disc 10 On fixed disc 3, adjustment hole 4 and mounting hole 11 are aligned, and clamping block 13 is placed in arc groove 15, are rotated supplementary disc 10, are made lock Determine block 13 in arc groove 15 radian rotate, when clamping block 13 is moved to 16 position of expansion slot, elastic card mat 18 then outward slightly There is pop-up to be placed in expansion slot 16, elastic card mat 18 is stuck in expansion slot 16 at this time, makes its fixed, when needing to release, Clamping block 13 is rotated further, elastic card mat 18 is rotated further in expansion slot 16, and the cassette tape 19 in elastic card mat 18 withstands extension The madial wall of slot 16 makes cassette tape 19 be moved to the left in elastic card mat 18, expose at this time the radian of cassette tape 19 outside inwardly in The radian of arc groove 15, by clamping block 13 gently to during anticlockwise, the radian of 19 left end of cassette tape is then pressed in arc groove 15 and extension The junction of slot 16 is slowly transitioned into arc groove 15, so as to fulfill the unlock of supplementary disc 10 and fixed disc 3, cassette tape 19 It being resisted in the left end of arc groove 15 by the left end of arc groove 15 so that cassette tape 19 slowly moves right in elastic card mat 18, from And cassette tape 19 is returned in the initial position of elastic card mat 18.

Pedicle nail 14 in mounting hole 11 is slowly moved in adjustment hole 4, pedicle nail 14 is moved to out of short-bore 5 In mounting hole 6, mounting hole 6 has multiple, and required position selects suitable mounting hole 6 or even solid when being fixed according to backbone Determine hole 6 and also have multilayer, multi-turn, not in same circumference, as long as according to oneself needing to open up suitable mounting hole 6, in ridge When column is fixed, according to the demand of gradient during specific fix, the inclined surface of 3 multiple portions of hand-power bending fixed disc can be relied on, It is made to buckle, the needs of during meeting specific fixed.

Positioning sleeve 12 is directed at crossover port 7, the slowly grafting in crossover port 7 of positioning sleeve 12 is plugged on elastic head 26 slotting It connects in hole 23, due to ball 24, positioning sleeve 12 is allow to realize globular hinge, so as to fulfill positioning sleeve 12 in crossover port Rotation in 7, the fixation of 14 required different directions of pedicle nail, is fixed to pedicle nail 14 when realizing specific fixed When, pedicle nail 14 is detached from normal range (NR) due to the prolonged activity of human body in order to prevent, in required fixed pedicle nail 14 lower section is fixed with flexible connection piece 35, and all pedicle nails 14 is made to connect together, when pedicle nail 14 connects it Afterwards, then by the rigid disk 34 on nut 29 pedicle nail 14 is further fixed, makes multiple pedicle nails 14 mutual It restrains, triangular shaped, the stability of reinforcing pedicle nail 14 can be fixed as, when connecting rigid disk 34, by adjusting chain 33 is adjusted.

The present invention changes the fixed mode that the pitman of traditional mode is simply connect with pedicle nail, is integrally connected using disk The mode connect so that pedicle nail is more stable when fixed, is more convenient when adjusting, and does not need to cumbersome dismounting and rotation is adjusted Device, it is only necessary to choose oneself suitable position, fixed form is simpler, adjusts more convenient, the vertebra after fixing The rigidity of nut nail is greatly improved, and is not in the situation of fracture or disengaging fixed range.

Claims (9)

1. posterior spinal fixation instrument, which is characterized in that include fixing device（1）, for backbone is fixed；

Auxiliary device（2）, for providing support for spinal fixation and adjusting help；

Fixing device（1）Including having flexible fixed disc（3）, fixed disc（3）On offer adjustment hole circumferentially （4）, adjustment hole（4）Inside is through multiple short-bore（5）It is connected with multiple mounting holes（6）, mounting hole（6）Outside offers crossover port （7）, adjustment hole（4）Interior guaranteed fixed disc（3）In the connecting plate of integrally connected（8）, fixed disc（3）On offer locking Radian slot（9）；

Auxiliary device（2）Including with fixed disc（3）The supplementary disc of same size（10）, supplementary disc（10）On offer with Adjustment hole（4）Corresponding mounting hole（11）, mounting hole（11）Inside is equipped with the positioning sleeve that activity is placed（12）, positioning sleeve（12）With Crossover port（7）It is corresponding, positioning sleeve（12）It can be in crossover port（7）Interior realization universal rotational, supplementary disc（10）Lower end be equipped with With locking radian slot（9）The clamping block to match（13）, mounting hole（11）Interior activity is placed with multiple pedicle nails（14）.

2. posterior spinal fixation instrument according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the locking radian slot（9）Have two It is a and be placed in adjustment hole（2）Inside, and around fixed disc（3）The center of circle it is symmetrical.

3. posterior spinal fixation instrument according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the locking radian slot（9）Including One arc groove（15）With with arc groove（15）End integrally connected abducent expansion slot（16）, clamping block（13）Packet Include cylinder table（17）, cylinder table（17）Lateral wall is enclosed with elastic card mat（18）, elastic card mat（18）Position and expansion slot （16）It is corresponding, elastic card mat（18）Both ends are penetrating and internal for cavity, elastic card mat（18）Inside being interspersed with can be freely movable Cassette tape（19）, cassette tape（19）The radian at both ends is different, wherein close to arc groove（15）One end curvature be more than the other end.

4. posterior spinal fixation instrument according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the cassette tape（19）With elastic card mat （18）Contact be sliding contact（20）, sliding contact is sliding rail or ball.

5. posterior spinal fixation instrument according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the mounting hole（11）Inside opens up It is placed in supplementary disc（10）On location hole（21）, in location hole activity be placed with positioning sleeve（12）, positioning sleeve（12）Through can The chain of adjusting（22）It is connected to location hole（21）Place.

6. posterior spinal fixation instrument according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the crossover port（7）On madial wall Offer spliced eye（23）, positioning sleeve（12）Lateral wall through ball（24）It is rotatably connected to strut（25）, strut（25）It is outer Side is connected with elastic head（26）, elastic head（26）It is pluggable in spliced eye（23）It is interior.

7. posterior spinal fixation instrument according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the positioning sleeve（12）Both ends are penetrating Cavity is in inside, positioning sleeve（12）Madial wall is equipped with the first screw thread（27）, positioning sleeve（12）Bottom be equipped with through-hole gear Plate（28）.

8. posterior spinal fixation instrument according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the pedicle nail（14）Upper end is set There is nut（29）, nut（29）Lateral wall be equipped with and the first screw thread（27）The second screw thread to match（30）, nut（29）On End offers screw head hole（31）, nut（29）Lateral wall on offer open-work（32）, open-work（32）Inside it is connected with adjusting chain （33）, adjust chain（33）It is connected with rigid disk（34）.

9. posterior spinal fixation instrument according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the mounting hole（6）Place is detachable Flexible connection piece is installed（35）.