CN107459281A - A kind of shield high performance synchronous slip casting modifying agent and preparation method and application - Google Patents
A kind of shield high performance synchronous slip casting modifying agent and preparation method and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN107459281A CN107459281A CN201710702039.1A CN201710702039A CN107459281A CN 107459281 A CN107459281 A CN 107459281A CN 201710702039 A CN201710702039 A CN 201710702039A CN 107459281 A CN107459281 A CN 107459281A
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- water
- modifying agent
- shield
- grouting
- slip casting
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
- C04B40/0028—Aspects relating to the mixing step of the mortar preparation
- C04B40/0039—Premixtures of ingredients
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/70—Grouts, e.g. injection mixtures for cables for prestressed concrete
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of shield high performance synchronous slip casting modifying agent and preparation method and application, shield high performance synchronous slip casting modifying agent are composed of the following components：Water reducer 1 1.5%, thickener 3 4%, antifreezing agent 0.5 1.0%, surplus is water；The water reducer is HSB aliphatic high-efficiency water reducing agents；For the thickener to be made up of bentonite and hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, the mass ratio of bentonite and hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose is 1:0.8‑1.2.The workability, anti-dilution property, anti-impact for improving simultaneous grouting slurry dissipate property, reduce the cubical contraction of synchronous grouting, synchronous grouting is set to remain to apply under the conditions of subzero temperature, the high performance synchronous slip casting modifying agent enables simultaneous grouting slurry to provide intensity, dense packing effect shield tail space in time.The synchronous grouting modifying agent is made up of the harmless composition of several greens, and while synchronous grouting quality is improved, shield-tunneling construction surrounding enviroment will not be polluted.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to slurry balance shield construction Material Field, and in particular to a kind of shield high performance synchronous slip casting is modified
Agent and preparation method and application.
Background technology
When slurry shield tunnels, certain space is had between section of jurisdiction and surrounding soil, now in order to suppress surrounding soil
Deformation and control surface subsidence can provide at the appointed time, it is necessary to inject one kind incessantly into shield machine shield tail space
The injecting paste material of some strength, play filling supporting role, as shield synchronization slip casting.Shield synchronization slip casting species is a lot, but
The most commonly used is single fluid grouting, and the quality of synchronous grouting is to ensure shield tunnel safety, durable key, but due to underground
The presence of the other uncertain factors of water and underground, makes common synchronous grouting problems be present：1. simultaneous grouting slurry
Workability is poor, when mobility increases, it may appear that segregation phenomenon, when mobility reduces, is unfavorable for long-distance pumping again；2. when
During rich groundwater, simultaneous grouting slurry easily dilutes, and slurries cause cement and trickle composition to be largely lost in by underground broken off by water flush,
Actual grouting quality falls flat；3. cubical contraction is big after slurries hardening so that shield tail space can not be filled up completely with；
Freeze-thaw damage easily occurs after 4. under cold conditions, synchronous grouting applies.
Caused by injecting paste material of the prior art is eliminated after slurries harden generally by volumetric expansion agent is added
Cubical contraction is big so that the problem of shield tail hole can not be filled up completely with.After mixing swelling agent, stirring, note to slip casting slurry
Slurry etc. has strict requirements, when stirring uneven, can cause the deformation of the slurries after hardening is uneven to cause cracking to aggravate.Together
When, after adding swelling agent in grouting serous fluid, it there is also the problem of slurries hardening rear support intensity declines.
The content of the invention
For technical problem present in above-mentioned prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of shield high performance synchronous
Slip casting modifying agent and preparation method and application.The slip casting modifying agent can improve the workability of simultaneous grouting slurry, anti-dilution
Property and anti-impact dissipate property, reduce the cubical contraction of synchronous grouting, make synchronous grouting remain to apply under sub-zero temperature conditionss
Make.The high performance synchronous slip casting modifying agent enables simultaneous grouting slurry to provide intensity, and dense packing effect shield tail space in time.
In addition, the synchronous grouting modifying agent is made up of the harmless composition of several greens, will not while synchronous grouting quality is improved
Shield-tunneling construction surrounding enviroment are polluted.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical scheme is that：
A kind of shield high performance synchronous slip casting modifying agent, it is composed of the following components：Water reducer 1-1.5%, thickener 3-
4%, antifreezing agent 0.5-1.0%, surplus is water；
The water reducer is HSB aliphatic high-efficiency water reducing agents；
The thickener is made up of bentonite and hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, the matter of bentonite and hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose
Amount is than being 1:0.8-1.2.
HSB aliphatic high-efficiency water reducing agents, are a kind of green high-efficient water reducers, and volume 1%-2% can diminishing 15%-
20%, the workability of simultaneous grouting slurry can be improved by adding water reducer, reduce isolation.Found through overtesting, the water reducer can have
Effect reduces the cubical contraction of simultaneous grouting slurry, slurries is remained to have preferable fillibility after hardening.
Bentonite in the thickener can make simultaneous grouting slurry have preferably consolidation performance, and after bentonite water suction
Slurry viscosity can be improved, improves the water-retaining property of slurries；Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose can put forward the viscosity of simultaneous grouting slurry
Height, reach the effect of water-keeping thickening, further function as the scattered effect of water resistant.When bentonite and hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose according to
Mass ratio is about 1:1 when being compounded, and can effectively act as the scattered effect of anti-underground water, and is not interfered with also same
Walk the performances such as workability and the intensity of grouting serous fluid.
Antifreezing agent is added in modifying agent, simultaneous grouting slurry can be made to be hardened under subzero temperature, makes injecting paste material avoid occurring
Freeze-thaw damage.
Preferably, the shield high performance synchronous slip casting modifying agent, it is composed of the following components：Water reducer 1-1.3%, thickening
Agent 3-3.5%, antifreezing agent 0.5-0.7%, surplus are water.
Such as, the shield high performance synchronous slip casting modifying agent, it is composed of the following components：Water reducer 1%, thickener 3%, prevent
Freeze agent 0.5%, surplus is water；
Or, the shield high performance synchronous slip casting modifying agent, it is composed of the following components：Water reducer 1%, thickener 3.1%,
Antifreezing agent 0.5%, surplus are water；
Or, the shield high performance synchronous slip casting modifying agent, it is composed of the following components：Water reducer 1%, thickener 3.2%,
Antifreezing agent 0.5%, surplus are water；
Or, the shield high performance synchronous slip casting modifying agent, it is composed of the following components：Water reducer 1.1%, thickener 3%,
Antifreezing agent 0.5%, surplus are water；
Or, the shield high performance synchronous slip casting modifying agent, it is composed of the following components：Water reducer 1.1%, thickener 3%,
Antifreezing agent 0.5%, surplus are water；
Or, the shield high performance synchronous slip casting modifying agent, it is composed of the following components：Water reducer 1.3%, thickener
3.5%, antifreezing agent 0.7%, surplus is water；Etc..
It is further preferred that the shield high performance synchronous slip casting modifying agent, composed of the following components：Water reducer 1.3%,
Thickener 3.5%, antifreezing agent 0.6%, surplus are water.
Preferably, the bentonite and the mass ratio of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose are 1:0.8、1:0.9、1:1、1:1.1 or
1:1.2, it is preferably that the mass ratio of bentonite and hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose is 1:1.
Preferably, the antifreezing agent is mortar antifreezing agent.
Mortar antifreezing agent is the mortar antifreezing agent being combined into diminishing and various antifreezing components, has antifreeze, bleed and guarantor
Water-based advantage that can be good.Mortar antifreezing agent in the present invention uses the mortar antifreezing agent being applied under -15 DEG C of -0 DEG C of temperature, no speed
Coagulation phenomena, simultaneous grouting slurry can be made to be hardened under subzero temperature, avoid that freeze-thaw damage occurs.
A kind of shield grouting material, is made up of the component of following parts by weight：Cement 30-70 parts, fine sand 1000-1500 parts,
Flyash 200-300 parts, bentonite 70-80 parts, water 400-450 parts, above-mentioned synchronous grouting modifying agent 5-10 parts.
The shield grouting material has preferable workability, and segregation phenomenon is obviously improved；Due to synchronous grouting modifying agent
Add, the front and rear cubical contraction of the injecting paste material hardening made is less than 1%, even less than 0.5%, ensure that the closely knit of filling
Property.
Preferably, the shield grouting material, is made up of the component of following parts by weight：Cement 50-70 parts, fine sand 1250-
1500 parts, flyash 200-250 parts, bentonite 70-75 parts, water 400-430 parts, above-mentioned synchronous grouting modifying agent 5-8 parts.
The preparation method of above-mentioned shield high performance synchronous slip casting modifying agent, comprises the following steps：Subtract to HSB aliphatic high-efficiencies
Bentonite and hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose are added in aqua, the water for then adding 30-40% is stirred, and is stirring evenly and then adding into
Antifreezing agent and remaining water, stir.
Application of the above-mentioned shield high performance synchronous slip casting modifying agent in shield grouting material is prepared.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are：
1. this shield high performance synchronous slip casting modifying agent can improve the workability of former simultaneous grouting slurry, increase slurry stream
While dynamic property, and can enough reduces isolation, is convenient for long-distance pumping；
2. this shield high performance synchronous slip casting modifying agent can improve the viscosity of former simultaneous grouting slurry, reach water-keeping thickening
Effect, the peptizaiton of underground water can be prevented after injecting shield tail so that simultaneous grouting slurry has good Packing character.
3. after adding this shield high performance synchronous slip casting modifying agent, cubical contraction diminishes after simultaneous grouting slurry hardening,
A large amount of spaces will not be left, and infiltration coefficient is small, plays certain waterproof, antiseepage effect.
4. this shield high performance synchronous slip casting modifying agent can make simultaneous grouting slurry under subzero temperature by adding antifreezing agent
It can harden, remain able to provide intensity under -15 DEG C of -0 DEG C of environment, and will not destroy because of multigelation after hardening.
5. the intensity originally after simultaneous grouting slurry hardening will not reduce because of the addition of this modifying agent, and the high property of this shield
Energy synchronous grouting modifying agent is green, environmentally friendly, pollution-free, and the environment of construction area will not be damaged.
Embodiment
It is noted that described further below is all exemplary, it is intended to provides further instruction to the application.It is unless another
Indicate, all technologies used herein and scientific terminology are with usual with the application person of an ordinary skill in the technical field
The identical meanings of understanding.
It should be noted that term used herein above is merely to describe embodiment, and be not intended to restricted root
According to the illustrative embodiments of the application.As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, otherwise singulative
It is also intended to include plural form, additionally, it should be understood that, when in this manual using term "comprising" and/or " bag
Include " when, it indicates existing characteristics, step, operation, device, component and/or combinations thereof.
Embodiment 1
The shield high performance synchronous slip casting modifying agent, it is composed of the following components：Water reducer 1.3%, thickener 3.5%,
Antifreezing agent 0.6%, surplus are water；
Water reducer is HSB aliphatic high-efficiency water reducing agents；
Thickener is made up of bentonite and hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, the mass ratio of bentonite and hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose
For 1:1；
Antifreezing agent is mortar antifreezing agent.
This shield high performance synchronous slip casting modifying agent is added in simultaneous grouting slurry
It is as follows to prepare 1 cubic metre of each material usage (Kg) improved needed for mortar：
Cement：50, fine sand：1250, flyash：232, bentonite：72, water：402, synchronous grouting modifying agent：8.
At 25 DEG C, simultaneous grouting slurry is prepared by said ratio, is stood after being sufficiently stirred.Do not occur after standing 5 minutes
Segregation phenomenon, only indivisible elutriation goes out after standing 30 minutes, and the segregation phenomenon and workability for showing slurries can substantially improve.
And the volume contraction of mortar varies less before and after measuring hardening.In addition, it is placed on -5 DEG C after the mortar mixing equally matched
When in environment, no elutriation goes out, and is transferred to after placing 10 hours under room temperature condition, anhydrous precipitation, and compression strength is also basic
It is constant.
Embodiment 2
The shield high performance synchronous slip casting modifying agent, it is composed of the following components：Water reducer 1%, thickener 3% are antifreeze
Agent 0.6%, surplus are water；
Water reducer is HSB aliphatic high-efficiency water reducing agents；
Thickener is made up of bentonite and hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, the mass ratio of bentonite and hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose
For 1:1.1；
Antifreezing agent is mortar antifreezing agent.
This shield high performance synchronous slip casting modifying agent is added in simultaneous grouting slurry
It is as follows to prepare 1 cubic metre of each material usage (Kg) improved needed for mortar：
Cement：50, fine sand：1250, flyash：232, bentonite：72, water：402, synchronous grouting modifying agent：8.
At 25 DEG C, simultaneous grouting slurry is prepared by said ratio, is stood after being sufficiently stirred.Do not occur after standing 5 minutes
Segregation phenomenon, only indivisible elutriation goes out after standing 20 minutes, and the segregation phenomenon and workability for showing slurries can substantially improve.
And the volume contraction of mortar varies less before and after measuring hardening.In addition, it is placed on -5 DEG C after the mortar mixing equally matched
When in environment, no elutriation goes out, and is transferred to after placing 10 hours under room temperature condition, anhydrous precipitation, and compression strength is also basic
It is constant.
Embodiment 3
The shield high performance synchronous slip casting modifying agent, it is composed of the following components：Water reducer 1.5%, thickener 4%, prevent
Freeze agent 0.8%, surplus is water；
Water reducer is HSB aliphatic high-efficiency water reducing agents；
Thickener is made up of bentonite and hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, the mass ratio of bentonite and hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose
For 1:1；
Antifreezing agent is mortar antifreezing agent.
This shield high performance synchronous slip casting modifying agent is added in simultaneous grouting slurry
It is as follows to prepare 1 cubic metre of each material usage (Kg) improved needed for mortar：
Cement：50, fine sand：1250, flyash：232, bentonite：72, water：402, synchronous grouting modifying agent：8.
Embodiment 4
The shield high performance synchronous slip casting modifying agent, it is composed of the following components：Water reducer 1.3%, thickener 4%, prevent
Freeze agent 1%, surplus is water；
Water reducer is HSB aliphatic high-efficiency water reducing agents；
Thickener is made up of bentonite and hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, the mass ratio of bentonite and hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose
For 1:1.2；
Antifreezing agent is mortar antifreezing agent.
This shield high performance synchronous slip casting modifying agent is added in simultaneous grouting slurry
It is as follows to prepare 1 cubic metre of each material usage (Kg) improved needed for mortar：
Cement：50, fine sand：1250, flyash：232, bentonite：72, water：402, synchronous grouting modifying agent：8.
Comparative example 1：
Former simultaneous grouting slurry, prepare 1 cubic metre of each material usage of mortar (Kg)：
Cement：50, fine sand：1250, flyash：232, bentonite：72, water：410.
Under normal temperature, simultaneous grouting slurry is prepared by said ratio, is stood after being sufficiently stirred.Isolation takes place after 5 minutes,
There is substantial amounts of elutriation to go out after 20 minutes, workability is unsatisfactory for practice of construction requirement, and measures the volume contraction of mortar before and after hardening
Change is very big.In addition, when being placed on after the mortar mixing equally matched in -5 DEG C of environment, begin with elutriation within 5 minutes and go out, so
Water freezes afterwards, is transferred to after placing 10 hours under room temperature condition, and discovery has elutriation to go out, and compression strength diminishes.
Comparative example 2：
Difference with embodiment 1 is that the water reducer of addition is ligno-sulfate based plasticizer.
Comparative example 3：
Difference with embodiment 1 is that the water reducer of addition is melamine high-efficiency water-reducing agent.
The particle diameter of fine sand in above-described embodiment and comparative example is 0.5-1mm, and cement is 32.5# composite Portland cements,
Bentonite is 200 mesh calcium-base bentonites.
Size performance is tested according to method of testing as defined in standard JGJ70-2009,4 embodiments and three comparative examples
The physical and chemical index of slurries is as shown in table 1.
Table 1
The preferred embodiment of the application is the foregoing is only, is not limited to the application, for the skill of this area
For art personnel, the application can have various modifications and variations.It is all within spirit herein and principle, made any repair
Change, equivalent substitution, improvement etc., should be included within the protection domain of the application.
Claims (10)
- A kind of 1. shield high performance synchronous slip casting modifying agent, it is characterised in that：It is composed of the following components：Water reducer 1-1.5%, increase Thick dose of 3-4%, antifreezing agent 0.5-1.0%, surplus are water；The water reducer is HSB aliphatic high-efficiency water reducing agents；The thickener is made up of bentonite and hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, the mass ratio of bentonite and hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose For 1:0.8-1.2.
- 2. synchronous grouting modifying agent according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The shield high performance synchronous slip casting is modified Agent, it is composed of the following components：Water reducer 1-1.3%, thickener 3-3.5%, antifreezing agent 0.5-0.7%, surplus are water.
- 3. synchronous grouting modifying agent according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The shield high performance synchronous slip casting is modified Agent, it is composed of the following components：Water reducer 1.3%, thickener 3.5%, antifreezing agent 0.6%, surplus are water.
- 4. according to any described synchronous grouting modifying agent of claim 1-3, it is characterised in that：Bentonite and the hydroxypropyl first The mass ratio of base cellulose is 1:0.8、1:0.9、1:1、1:1.1 or 1:1.2.
- 5. synchronous grouting modifying agent according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：Bentonite and hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Mass ratio is 1:1.
- 6. synchronous grouting modifying agent according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The antifreezing agent is mortar antifreezing agent.
- A kind of 7. shield grouting material, it is characterised in that：It is made up of the component of following parts by weight：Cement 30-70 parts, fine sand 1000-1500 parts, flyash 200-300 parts, bentonite 70-80 parts, water 400-450 parts, above-mentioned synchronous grouting modifying agent 5-10 Part.
- 8. shield grouting material according to claim 7, it is characterised in that：It is made up of the component of following parts by weight：Cement 50- 70 parts, fine sand 1250-1500 parts, flyash 200-250 parts, bentonite 70-75 parts, water 400-430 parts, above-mentioned synchronous grouting changes Property agent 5-8 parts.
- 9. the preparation method of any shield high performance synchronous slip casting modifying agent of claim 1-6, it is characterised in that：Including such as Lower step：Bentonite and hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose are added into HSB aliphatic high-efficiency water reducing agents, then adds 30-40%'s Water is stirred, and is stirring evenly and then adding into antifreezing agent and remaining water, is stirred.
- 10. application of any shield high performance synchronous slip casting modifying agent of claim 1-6 in shield grouting material is prepared.
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| CN201710702039.1A CN107459281B (en) | 2017-08-16 | 2017-08-16 | A kind of shield high performance synchronous slip casting modifying agent and the preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN201710702039.1A CN107459281B (en) | 2017-08-16 | 2017-08-16 | A kind of shield high performance synchronous slip casting modifying agent and the preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN107459281B CN107459281B (en) | 2019-09-24 |
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| CN109626942A (en) * | 2018-12-14 | 2019-04-16 | 沈阳建筑大学 | The magnetorheological intelligent shield grouting material of one kind, preparation method and applications |
| CN110437812A (en) * | 2019-08-28 | 2019-11-12 | 中铁隧道局集团有限公司 | A kind of shield warehouse entry slurries with pressure and preparation method thereof |
| CN117602880A (en) * | 2023-10-18 | 2024-02-27 | 中流砥柱(广州)新材料有限公司 | Shield mortar |
| CN117720311A (en) * | 2024-02-07 | 2024-03-19 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Shield excavation gap advanced grouting material, full-gap space-time synchronous grouting system and method |
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| CN103359992A (en) * | 2013-07-08 | 2013-10-23 | 上海住总工程材料有限公司 | Dry powder-type special mortar for synchronous grouting, and preparation method and construction method thereof |
| CN103359970A (en) * | 2013-07-08 | 2013-10-23 | 上海城建物资有限公司 | Special dry powder type additive for synchronous tunnel grouting and preparation method thereof |
| CN106904888A (en) * | 2017-03-13 | 2017-06-30 | 河北三楷展创建材有限公司 | A kind of high-moisture-retention shield-tunneling construction premixing synchronous grouting material |
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| CN101693615A (en) * | 2009-09-29 | 2010-04-14 | 武汉市商品混凝土管理站 | Sulphoaluminate cement base synchronous slip casting material and preparation method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109626942A (en) * | 2018-12-14 | 2019-04-16 | 沈阳建筑大学 | The magnetorheological intelligent shield grouting material of one kind, preparation method and applications |
| CN110437812A (en) * | 2019-08-28 | 2019-11-12 | 中铁隧道局集团有限公司 | A kind of shield warehouse entry slurries with pressure and preparation method thereof |
| CN117602880A (en) * | 2023-10-18 | 2024-02-27 | 中流砥柱(广州)新材料有限公司 | Shield mortar |
| CN117720311A (en) * | 2024-02-07 | 2024-03-19 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Shield excavation gap advanced grouting material, full-gap space-time synchronous grouting system and method |
| CN117720311B (en) * | 2024-02-07 | 2024-04-12 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Shield excavation gap advanced grouting material, full-gap space-time synchronous grouting system and method |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN107459281B (en) | 2019-09-24 |
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