CN107442285B - Electrostatic filter - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an electrostatic filtering device, which comprises a box body, wherein an inlet and an outlet are arranged on the box body, electrode plates are distributed between the inlet and the outlet in the box body, the polarities of the electrodes of adjacent electrode plates are opposite, and an oil passing hole I is uniformly distributed on each electrode plate; two adjacent form the filtration chamber between the plate electrode, all be equipped with at least one packing intermediate layer in every filtration intracavity, every packing intermediate layer all includes the locating part that adopts insulating material and adopts the packing granule of metal material, the equal holding of packing granule is in the inside of locating part, it has oil hole two to equally divide cloth on the both sides wall of locating part, and this oil hole two's aperture all is less than the external diameter of packing the granule. By adopting the electrostatic filtering device provided by the invention, a high gradient field can be formed by utilizing the filler particles made of metal materials, the oil purifying effect and the oil purifying efficiency are effectively improved, and the electrostatic filtering device has the advantages of high temperature resistance, ageing resistance, long service life, lower cost and the like.

Description

Electrostatic filter

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of purifying equipment, and particularly relates to an electrostatic filtering device.

Background

The impurities of sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen compounds, trace metals and the like commonly existing in petroleum can accelerate the corrosion of equipment in the using process, influence the normal work of the equipment, reduce the quality of oil products, pollute the environment and the like. Therefore, oil purification is a necessary process before oil is used. The electrostatic purification method is a pure physical mode, does not produce harmful impurities in the purification process, and has no secondary pollution. However, the existing electrostatic purification method has a poor purification effect on oil, and in order to improve the electrostatic purification capability, people fill a charge medium in the oil to form a high gradient field, so as to achieve a better purification effect. However, in order to avoid the problem of short circuit of the electrode plates, people do not adopt metal materials with extremely high dielectric constant to replace dielectric materials, but adopt organic dielectric materials or inorganic dielectric materials (such as dielectric materials with high dielectric constant, such as barium titanate, barium strontium titanate and the like, the dielectric constant of which can reach thousands of) which are mainly used for generating stronger electric field intensity and gradient electric field around the dielectric materials after the dielectric materials are polarized under an applied electric field so as to improve the effect of adsorbing impurity particles, and the inorganic dielectric materials have very small dielectric constant (generally not more than 5), poor high-temperature aging resistance, short service life and high cost. Inorganic dielectric materials with high dielectric constants (such as barium titanate, barium strontium titanate, and the like) are also used as filling dielectrics, but the dielectric constants are usually only thousands or even tens of thousands, and although the absolute oil effect can be improved compared with the inorganic dielectric materials, the dielectric constants are not large enough. The preparation process is complicated, and the small particles cause contamination (putting the inorganic dielectric materials into oil, which is equivalent to adding impurities into oil, the particles of barium titanate, etc. prepared by the conventional method have non-uniform size and irregular shape, and the fine particles are difficult to remove even if a filter screen is applied). Therefore, the filling particles made of metal materials are considered, and although the metal has extremely high dielectric constant, high temperature resistance and aging resistance, the metal filling particles are easy to cause short circuit of the electrode plate, so that the filling particles cannot be practically applied at all times. It is urgent to solve the above problems.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides an electrostatic filtering device, wherein the filling interlayer is internally provided with filling particles made of metal materials, and a high gradient field is formed by matching with an electrode plate, so that the oil purification effect is effectively improved.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

the utility model provides an electrostatic filter, includes the box, its main points lie in: the box body is provided with an inlet and an outlet, electrode plates are distributed between the inlet and the outlet in the box body, the polarities of the electrodes of the adjacent electrode plates are opposite, and each electrode plate is provided with a first oil passing hole; two adjacent form the filter chamber between the plate electrode, all be equipped with at least one packing intermediate layer in every filter chamber, every packing intermediate layer all includes the locating part that adopts insulating material and adopts the packing granule of metal material, the equal holding of packing granule is in the inside of locating part, it has two oilholes to divide equally cloth on the both sides wall of locating part, and this two apertures of oilhole all is less than the external diameter of packing the granule.

By adopting the structure, the filling particles made of the metal material are arranged in the filling interlayer, so that a larger gradient electric field is formed near the surface of the limiting piece, the oil liquid purification efficiency and the purification effect are greatly improved, and the filling particles made of the metal material not only have extremely large dielectric constant, but also have the advantages of high temperature resistance, ageing resistance, long service life, lower cost and the like; in addition, the position of the filling particles can be fixed through the limiting piece, short circuit caused by contact of the filling particles and the electrode plate is prevented, and safety and reliability are guaranteed; the first oil passing holes are distributed on the electrode plate in an intensive mode, so that oil to be filtered can smoothly pass through the first oil passing holes, and the second oil passing holes are distributed on the limiting part in an intensive mode, so that the oil can smoothly pass through the limiting part, and filling particles can be prevented from being separated.

Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: the locating part all includes two relative insulating pieces that set up, the packing granule distributes between two insulating pieces of same locating part, every the insulating piece all has oil through hole two, and in the inner wall of outer fringe embedding box. By adopting the structure, the device is simple, compact, safe, reliable and low in cost.

Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: the filling particles are distributed between the two insulation sheets of the same limiting part along the same plane array. Structure more than adopting, it only has the one deck to fill the granule, can reduce the use of filling the granule, avoids extravagant, can practice thrift the space again, increases the quantity of filling the intermediate layer, improves fluid purification efficiency and purifying effect.

Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: the filling particles are all spherical. By adopting the structure, a point electric field is formed, the electric field gradient is further increased, and the oil liquid purification efficiency is improved.

Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: the diameters of the filler particles in the same stopper are the same. By adopting the structure, the preparation of materials is reduced, the production cost is reduced, and the reloading and cleaning efficiency is improved.

Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: the diameter of the packed particles in the packing sandwich near the inlet is larger than the diameter of the packed particles in the packing sandwich near the outlet. Structure more than adopting, the great packing granule of size can adsorb or block the great impurity of size, and the near electric field gradient of the little packing granule of size is bigger, can adsorb the impurity of being more difficult to polarize, and the diameter through packing the granule progressively diminishes step by step, can adsorb various different impurities, obtains better purifying effect.

Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: the filler particles within each filler interlayer have at least two diameters. By adopting the structure, impurities with different sizes and different polarities can be effectively adsorbed, and the purification effect is improved.

Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: the electrode plates are parallel to each other. By adopting the structure, the assembly is easy.

Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: an included angle is formed between the adjacent electrode plates. With the above structure, the gradient of the electric field is further increased.

Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: the distance between the adjacent electrode plates is gradually reduced from the inlet to the outlet. By adopting the structure, the distance between the electrode plates near the inlet is larger, the electric field is weaker, the charged impurities or the impurities with stronger purification capacity can be purified, the electric field generated between the electrode plates is gradually increased along with the gradual reduction of the distance between the electrode plates, the impurities which are more difficult to be polarized can be polarized, and the impurities with weaker polarization capacity can be adsorbed.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

the electrostatic filtering device provided by the invention has the advantages of novel structure and easiness in realization, the filling interlayer is internally provided with the filling particles made of metal materials, and the filling interlayer is matched with the electrode plate to form a high gradient field, so that the oil purifying effect and the oil purifying efficiency are effectively improved, and the electrostatic filtering device has the advantages of high temperature resistance, ageing resistance, long service life, lower cost and the like.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a third embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a fourth embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the internal structure of one embodiment of the filling interlayer;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the internal structure of another embodiment of the filling interlayer;

fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of an electrode plate.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples and the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1 to 7, an electrostatic filter device includes a box 1, an inlet 11 and an outlet 12 are provided on the box 1, a plurality of electrode plates 2 are distributed between the inlet 11 and the outlet 12 in the box 1, the electrode polarities of the adjacent electrode plates 2 are opposite, and each electrode plate 2 is uniformly distributed with a first oil passing hole 21, the first oil passing hole 21 can be rectangular, square, circular or any other shape, and is densely distributed on the electrode plates 2 to ensure that the oil to be filtered can smoothly pass through. A filter chamber 4 is formed between two adjacent electrode plates 2, and thus the filter chambers 4 are also arranged side by side between the inlet 11 and the outlet 12. All be equipped with at least one and fill intermediate layer 3 in every filter chamber 4, every fills intermediate layer 3 and all includes the locating part 32 that adopts insulating material and adopt the filler particle 31 of metal material, the equal holding of filler particle 31 is in the inside of locating part 32, it has two 321 of oil passing holes to divide equally on the both sides wall of locating part 32, and the aperture of this two 321 of oil passing holes all is less than the external diameter of filling particle 31, and this two 321 intensive distributions of oil passing holes are on locating part 32, have both guaranteed that fluid can smoothly pass through, can prevent again that filler particle 31 from deviating from. The filling particles 31 made of metal materials are arranged in the filling interlayer 3, so that a larger gradient electric field is formed near the surface of the limiting piece 32, the oil liquid purification efficiency and the purification effect are improved, and the filling particles 31 made of metal materials have the advantages of large dielectric constant, high temperature resistance, ageing resistance, long service life, low cost and the like; in addition, the position of the filler particles 31 can be fixed by the stopper 32, and the filler particles 31 are prevented from contacting the electrode plate 2 to cause short circuit, thereby ensuring the safety and reliability of use.

Referring to fig. 1 to 7, the box 1 may be square, rectangular, cylindrical or any other shape. When the case 1 has a square or rectangular parallelepiped shape, the electrode plates 2 are preferably square or rectangular, and the electrode plates 2 are coated with an insulating protective layer 22 to prevent the electrode plates from being corroded.

Specifically, the electrode plates 2 may be parallel to each other, or adjacent electrode plates 2 may have an included angle therebetween (i.e., the electrode plates 2 are disposed obliquely to each other), and when the included angle is formed between the adjacent electrode plates 2, a non-uniform electric field can be generated. In addition, the adjacent electrode plates 2 may be equally spaced or non-equally spaced, and the structure of the electrode plates 2 with unequal spacing has advantages over the structure of the electrode plates 2 with equal spacing. Because the impurity kind is more in the fluid, lead to the size difference of impurity, polarization intensity difference etc. and reduce gradually the distance between the adjacent plate electrode 2 from import 11 to export 12 direction, the distance between the plate electrode 2 of the position of being close to import 11 is great, so the electric field is weaker, can purify electrified or the impurity that purification ability is stronger (the less electric field just can polarize), from import 11 to export 12, the distance between the plate electrode 2 reduces gradually, so the electric field that produces between the plate electrode 2 increases gradually, can polarize the impurity that is more difficult to be polarized, the impurity that at this moment polarization ability is weaker is also slowly adsorbed.

Referring to fig. 5 and 6, the filler particles 31 may be in any shape, preferably spherical, and are made of metal, so that the dielectric constant is very large, and the diameter of the filler particles 31 is as small as possible to be close to the point electric field, so that a large gradient electric field is generated near the surface of the position-limiting member 32.

Referring to fig. 2, 5 and 6, the position-limiting members 32 each include two insulating sheets 322 disposed oppositely, the filler particles 31 are distributed between the two insulating sheets 322 of the same position-limiting member 32, each insulating sheet 322 has two oil passing holes 321, and the outer edge is embedded in the inner wall of the box body 1. The oil passing holes two 321 are densely distributed on each insulating sheet 322 to ensure that oil can smoothly pass through, and the oil passing holes two 321 can be in any shape as long as the filling particles 31 can be prevented from being separated. The thickness of this insulating piece 322 is as little as possible, can not influence the electric field that the filling granule 31 of metal material produced outside insulating piece 322 like this, however, insulating piece 322 also can not be too thin, otherwise easy deformation leads filling granule 31 and leaks out from the inside. The insulating sheet 322 may be a plastic net, and the limiting member 32 may also be a box-shaped structure. The dielectric constant of the insulating sheet 322 should be as small as possible so as to reduce the shielding effect on the filling particles 31 therein, thereby increasing the electric field intensity and the electric field gradient on the surface of the insulating sheet 322. It should be noted that the filler particles 31 are distributed between the two insulation sheets 322 of the same position-limiting member 32 along the same plane array, and for the filler particles 31, the surface portion is mainly used, and the surface area of one layer of the filler particles 31 is close to that of the multiple layers of the filler particles 31, so that the design of using one layer of the filler particles 31 not only effectively saves the cost, but also saves the space, and can increase the number of the filling interlayers 3, thereby improving the oil liquid purification efficiency and the oil liquid purification effect.

Referring to fig. 1 to 6, the diameters of the filling particles 31 in the same confining element 32 may be the same or different, and specifically, the diameter of the filling particles 31 in the filter cavity 4 near the inlet 11 is larger than the diameter of the filling particles 31 in the filter cavity 4 near the outlet 12, that is, the diameter of the filling particles 31 in the filter cavity 4 closest to the inlet 11 is the largest, the diameter of the filling particles 31 in the filter cavity 4 closest to the outlet 12 is the smallest, and the diameter of the filling particles 31 in the filter cavity 4 between the two filter cavities 4 is gradually decreased from the inlet 11 to the outlet 12. From the inlet 11 to the outlet 12, the distance between the electrode plates 2 is gradually reduced, so that the electric field between the electrode plates 2 is gradually increased, and the electric field gradient generated near the filling interlayer 3 is obviously increased due to the gradual reduction of the size of the filling particles 31 of the filling interlayer 3, so that impurities difficult to polarize can be adsorbed. In addition, because the filling interlayer 3 with the larger diameter of the filling particles 31 can adsorb or block impurities with larger size, only the impurities with small size, poor polarization capability and weak diameter can pass through the filling interlayer 3 with the larger diameter of the filling particles 31, but the impurities can be gradually adsorbed by the filling interlayer 3 with the smaller diameter of the filling particles 31, so that the design has excellent adsorption efficiency and adsorption effect. Filling particles 31 with various diameters can be filled in the filling interlayers 3 in the same filter cavity 4, namely, the filling particles 31 of each filling interlayer 3 have at least two diameters, so that after purification of the multistage filter cavity 4, the purification effect is excellent, and the adsorption effect and the adsorption efficiency are high.

Finally, it should be noted that the above-mentioned description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make various similar representations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. An electrostatic filter device, includes box (1), its characterized in that: an inlet (11) and an outlet (12) are arranged on the box body (1), electrode plates (2) are distributed between the inlet (11) and the outlet (12) in the box body (1), the polarities of the electrodes of the adjacent electrode plates (2) are opposite, and an oil passing hole I (21) is distributed on each electrode plate (2);

a filtering cavity (4) is formed between two adjacent electrode plates (2), at least one filling interlayer (3) is arranged in each filtering cavity (4), each filling interlayer (3) comprises a limiting part (32) made of an insulating material and filling particles (31) made of a metal material, the filling particles (31) are accommodated in the limiting part (32), two oil passing holes (321) are distributed on two side walls of the limiting part (32), and the aperture of each oil passing hole (321) is smaller than the outer diameter of each filling particle (31);

the box body (1) is in a square shape, a rectangular parallelepiped shape or a cylindrical shape.

2. The electrostatic filter arrangement of claim 1, wherein: the limiting part (32) comprises two opposite insulating sheets (322), the filling particles (31) are distributed between the two insulating sheets (322) of the same limiting part (32), each insulating sheet (322) is provided with a second oil passing hole (321), and the outer edge of the insulating sheet is embedded into the inner wall of the box body (1).

3. The electrostatic filter arrangement of claim 2, wherein: the filling particles (31) are distributed between two insulation sheets (322) of the same limiting piece (32) along the same plane array.

4. An electrostatic filter arrangement according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the filler particles (31) are all spherical.

5. The electrostatic filter arrangement of claim 4, wherein: the diameters of the filler particles (31) in the same stopper (32) are the same.

6. An electrostatic filter arrangement according to claim 5, wherein: the diameter of the filling particles (31) in the filling layer (3) near the inlet (11) is larger than the diameter of the filling particles (31) in the filling layer (3) near the outlet (12).

7. The electrostatic filter arrangement of claim 4, wherein: the filler particles (31) within each filler interlayer (3) have at least two diameters.

8. The electrostatic filter arrangement of claim 1, wherein: the electrode plates (2) are parallel to each other.

9. The electrostatic filter arrangement of claim 1, wherein: an included angle is formed between the adjacent electrode plates (2).

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