CN104533573A - Exhaust particulate matter collection device and control method thereof - Google Patents
Exhaust particulate matter collection device and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104533573A CN104533573A CN201410596564.6A CN201410596564A CN104533573A CN 104533573 A CN104533573 A CN 104533573A CN 201410596564 A CN201410596564 A CN 201410596564A CN 104533573 A CN104533573 A CN 104533573A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an exhaust particulate matter collection device and a control method of the device. Whirlwind flow generated by a whirlwind collection device and adsorption of a wall flow type particulate matter filter element are successively utilized for carrying out two-stage removing on particulate matter, and the particulate matter collection efficiency is improved. Due to the fact that before exhaust air enters the wall flow type particulate matter filter element, the whirlwind flow is firstly utilized for removing particulate matter of the large size, the working strength of the wall flow type particulate matter filter element with the high cost is relieved, and the regeneration period and the service life are prolonged. According to the regeneration mode, a second air inlet valve is arranged on an exhaust pipe, and exhausted air can be utilized for carrying out reverse backward blowing. The exhaust particulate matter collection device is simple in structure, normal running of the engine is not affected, and the cost and the control difficulty can be effectively reduced.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to motor vehicle emission reprocessing field, be specifically related to a kind of tornado flow dynamic formula two-stage particulate matter trap of automobile-used utilized tail gas blowback.
Background technique
Pollutant in engine exhaust also comprises solid-state and fluid contaminants except gaseous contaminant, mainly exists with the form of tiny particulate matter, cause serious pollution to environment both rear.Multiple country of the current world all limits the particle concentration in automobile exhaust.Granular material discharged in order to reduce, reach environmental standard requirement, the method that the many employings of current automobile increase particulate matter trap on outlet pipe is collected the particulate matter in exhaust, to reduce particle concentration in exhaust.According to the introduction of pertinent literature (field is red. the development [J] of diesel engine particulate thing catcher. automobile engineer, 2011 (8)), current particulate matter trap has following main feature: first, in order to improve the adsorption efficiency of filter core to fine particle, the gas flow pattern adopting wall-flow type more; The second, when particulate matter in filter core is too much, after blocking filter core, mode clears up these particulate matters heating, oil spout to be utilized combustion-supporting etc., and filter core is regenerated.
Name is called that the Chinese patent (CN 203362270 U) of diesel engine unit exhaust particulate thing treatment device and this patent have obvious difference.In this patent, device is applicable to marine diesel engine, wherein not containing the filter core with particulate matter capturing ability, but have employed the adsorbent equipment of active carbon formula at cleaner bottom secction.Therefore it does not possess recyclability substantially, and does not substantially have trapping ability for fine particle (< 5 μm).
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of exhaust particulate catching device and controlling method thereof, the trapping Processing capacity to particulate matter in exhaust can be improved, reduce processing cost.
To achieve these goals, present invention employs following technological scheme:
A kind of exhaust particulate catching device, this catching device comprises vortex type catcher, first air intake valve, second air intake valve, to give vent to anger valve, ash discharge valve and wall-flow particulate thing filter core, described wall-flow particulate thing filter core is arranged in vortex type catcher, gap is left between the side of wall-flow particulate thing filter core and the inwall of vortex type catcher, one end of wall-flow particulate thing filter core and the adjacent for the section collecting settling particulate matter of vortex type catcher, the other end is arranged at the suction port place of vortex type catcher, and the described the other end is connected with the venting conduit inlet at vortex type catcher top, valve of giving vent to anger is arranged at the outlet port of described outlet pipe, first air intake valve is connected with described suction port, second air intake valve is connected with the sidewall of described outlet pipe, ash discharge valve is arranged at described for collecting the bottom opening place of the section of settling particulate matter.
Described first air intake valve, the second air intake valve, give vent to anger valve and ash discharge valve employing solenoid valve.
Described catching device also comprises laying dust position transducer, and laying dust position transducer is arranged at described for collecting in the section of settling particulate matter.
Described laying dust position transducer comprises two metal polar plates being arranged at described insulating support in the section collecting settling particulate matter and being arranged on described insulating support, two metal polar plates are oppositely arranged and leave gap, and two metal polar plates are connected with electric capacity/voltage conversion circuit.
Described insulating support is tubular structure, and the one end open of tubular structure is relative with one end of described wall-flow particulate thing filter core, and the other end opening of tubular structure is relative with described bottom opening, and two metal polar plates are arranged at the edge, upper end of tubular structure inwall.
Described catching device also comprises gas pressure sensor, and gas pressure sensor is arranged in described gap.
The controlling method of above-mentioned exhaust particulate catching device, comprises the following steps:
1) first, second air intake valve is connected with relief opening respectively, then selects to enter trap particulate matter working state;
2) under trap particulate matter working state, give vent to anger valve and the first air intake valve is opened, second air intake valve and ash discharge valve closing, exhaust enters vortex type catcher through the first air intake valve and forms downward swirling eddy along described gap, particulate matter larger in exhaust is made to be settled down to above ash discharge valve, then, exhaust enters wall-flow particulate thing filter core by the bottom of wall-flow particulate thing filter core, less particulate matter in exhaust is by wall-flow particulate thing filter element filtering, and the exhaust after filtration goes out vortex type catcher by gas outlet valve door row;
3) under trap particulate matter working state, if the air pressure in vortex type catcher is greater than air pressure threshold value, or the settling height of the described section endoparticle thing for collecting settling particulate matter is greater than height threshold, then select to enter reproduction operation state;
4) under reproduction operation state, give vent to anger valve and the first air intake valve is closed, second air intake valve and ash discharge valve open, exhaust enters wall-flow particulate thing filter core through the second air intake valve by the top of wall-flow particulate thing filter core and also purges the particulate matter be deposited in wall-flow particulate thing filter core, and the particulate matter and the particulate matter be deposited in above ash discharge valve that purge out wall-flow particulate thing filter core go out vortex type catcher through Ash valves door row;
5) within the scope of the duration threshold of reproduction operation state, if the air pressure in vortex type catcher is less than or equal to air pressure threshold value and the settling height of described particulate matter is less than or equal to height threshold, then switch to trap particulate matter working state by reproduction operation state, otherwise, under continuing to remain on reproduction operation state.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is embodied in:
Exhaust particulate catching device of the present invention, successively utilizes cyclonic flow (vortex type catcher) and wall-flow type absorption means (wall-flow particulate thing filter core) to carry out two-stage removal to particulate matter, improves particle collection efficiency; And owing to first utilizing whirlwind flowing removing body to amass larger particulate matter before exhaust enters wall-flow particulate thing filter core, alleviate the working strength of the higher wall-flow particulate thing filter core of cost, extend regeneration period and operating life.On regenerated way, the present invention is provided with the second air intake valve at outlet pipe place, and exhaust can be utilized to carry out oppositely blowing, and structure is simple, do not affect the normal operation of exhaust generating apparatus (such as motor), and can effectively reduce costs and control difficulty.
Further, according to the air pressure in catcher and dust pile accumulated amount, the present invention can judge whether that needs regenerate, improve the automaticity of control.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of automobile exhaust particlate trap system described in embodiment;
Fig. 2 is the trap particulate matter working state schematic representation of automobile exhaust particlate trap system described in embodiment;
Fig. 3 is the reproduction operation view of automobile exhaust particlate trap system described in embodiment;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of described laying dust position transducer;
Fig. 5 is the working principle schematic diagram of described laying dust position transducer;
In figure: 1, engine exhaust port, 2, fall blowing valve, 3, air outlet, 4, to give vent to anger valve, 5, wall-flow type fine particle filter core, 6, gas pressure sensor, 7, catcher housing, 8, laying dust position transducer, 9, cleaning valve, 10, air intake valve, 11, large particle thing sedimentation, 12, tinsel, 13, insulating support, 14, the particulate matter piled up.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention will be further described.
See Fig. 1, exhaust particulate catching device of the present invention comprises vortex type catcher, first air intake valve (i.e. air intake valve 10), second air intake valve (namely fall blowing valve 2), to give vent to anger valve 4, ash discharge valve (namely clearing up valve 9) and wall-flow particulate thing filter core, described wall-flow particulate thing filter core is arranged in vortex type catcher, gap is left between the side of wall-flow particulate thing filter core and the inwall of vortex type catcher, one end of wall-flow particulate thing filter core and the adjacent for the section collecting settling particulate matter of vortex type catcher, the other end is arranged at the suction port place of vortex type catcher, and the described the other end is connected with the venting conduit inlet at vortex type catcher top, valve 4 of giving vent to anger is arranged at the outlet of described outlet pipe (i.e. air outlet 3) place, first air intake valve is connected with described suction port, second air intake valve is connected with the sidewall of described outlet pipe (namely the second air intake valve is between the entrance and outlet of outlet pipe), ash discharge valve is arranged at described for collecting the bottom opening place of the section of settling particulate matter.
Described first air intake valve, the second air intake valve, give vent to anger valve 4 and ash discharge valve employing solenoid valve, to control.
Described catching device also comprises laying dust position transducer 8, and laying dust position transducer 8 is arranged at described for collecting in the section of settling particulate matter.Described laying dust position transducer 8 comprises two metal polar plates (i.e. tinsel 12) being arranged at described insulating support 13 in the section collecting settling particulate matter and being arranged on described insulating support, two metal polar plates are oppositely arranged and leave gap, and two metal polar plates are connected with electric capacity/voltage conversion circuit.Described insulating support 13 is tubular structure, and the one end open of tubular structure is relative with one end of described wall-flow particulate thing filter core, and the other end opening of tubular structure is relative with described bottom opening, and two metal polar plates are arranged at the edge, upper end of tubular structure inwall.
Described catching device also comprises gas pressure sensor 6 (for detecting the air pressure in vortex type catcher), and gas pressure sensor is arranged in described gap (between wall-flow particulate thing filter core and vortex type catcher).
See Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the controlling method of above-mentioned exhaust particulate catching device, comprises the following steps:
1) first, second air intake valve is connected with relief opening respectively, then selects to enter trap particulate matter working state;
2) under trap particulate matter working state, give vent to anger valve 4 and the first air intake valve is opened, second air intake valve and ash discharge valve closing, exhaust enters vortex type catcher through the first air intake valve and forms downward swirling eddy along described gap, particulate matter larger in exhaust is made to be settled down to above ash discharge valve, then, exhaust enters wall-flow particulate thing filter core by the bottom of wall-flow particulate thing filter core, less particulate matter in exhaust is by wall-flow particulate thing filter element filtering, and the exhaust after filtration discharges vortex type catcher by valve 4 of giving vent to anger;
3) under trap particulate matter working state, if the air pressure in vortex type catcher is greater than the air pressure threshold value of setting, or the settling height of the described section endoparticle thing for collecting settling particulate matter is greater than the height threshold of setting, then select to enter reproduction operation state;
4) under reproduction operation state, give vent to anger valve 4 and the first air intake valve is closed, second air intake valve and ash discharge valve open, exhaust enters wall-flow particulate thing filter core through the second air intake valve by the top of wall-flow particulate thing filter core and also purges the particulate matter be deposited in wall-flow particulate thing filter core, and the particulate matter and the particulate matter be deposited in above ash discharge valve that purge out wall-flow particulate thing filter core go out vortex type catcher through Ash valves door row;
5) within the scope of the duration threshold of reproduction operation state, if the air pressure in vortex type catcher is less than or equal to described air pressure threshold value and the settling height of described particulate matter is less than or equal to described height threshold, then switch to trap particulate matter working state by reproduction operation state, otherwise, under continuing to remain on reproduction operation state; When the endurance of reproduction operation state exceedes described duration threshold, then output alarm signal.
Embodiment
A kind of automobile exhaust particlate trap system, cyclonic flow and wall-flow type absorption two stages for the treatment of are adopted to particulate matter in engine exhaust, judge whether that needs regenerate according to the air pressure in catcher and dust pile accumulated amount, regenerated way is oppositely introduce engine exhaust to purge.Critical piece comprises large particle thing vortex type catcher, system and regeneration threshold decision sensor are blown in wall-flow type fine particle filter core 5, exhaust, and described regeneration threshold decision sensor comprises the laying dust position transducer 8 being arranged on gas pressure sensor 6 in catcher and catcher bottom; Exhaust is blown fall blowing valve 2, valve 4 of giving vent to anger, cleaning valve 9 and air intake valve 10 involved in system and is solenoid valve, to realize automatically controlling.
Vortex type catcher top is barrel-shaped, and bottom is conical (conical hopper), can concentrate near laying dust position transducer, so that it accurately judges laying dust amount after larger particulate matter deposition; And concentrated particulate matter accumulated, also easy cleaning.The larger particulate matter that vortex type catcher is collected is judged owing to have employed laying dust position transducer, for ensureing that particulate matter can be collected in catcher lower end under gravitational potential energy, therefore this device installation direction adopts longitudinal mounting type, and guarantee is given vent to anger, valve 4 is positioned at upper end, and cleaning valve 9 is positioned at lower end.For the feature of laying dust, in this device, laying dust position transducer adopts capacitive transducer.The pipeline at this device air intake valve 10 place tangentially need be arranged with catcher housing 7, is cyclonic flow after such guarantee exhaust enters catcher.
Automobile exhaust (i.e. tail gas) is from after tangentially entering particlate trap system, first swirling eddy can be formed, the particulate matter that wherein quality is larger can be thrown on wall due to centrifugal action, after collision with wall, be affected by gravity and be settled down to trap bottom conical hopper place, and deposition so far, this is the first order whirlwind process to particulate matter.Other less particulate matters can continue up along with air-flow subsequently, through the filtration of wall-flow type fine particle filter core 5, again trap a certain amount of particulate matter.When particulate matter in wall-flow type fine particle filter core too much affects smooth gas discharge or vortex type catcher lower end laying dust is too much, this device can by exhaust through fall blowing valve 2 oppositely introduce, utilize exhaust kinetic energy cleaning filter core and catcher in laying dust.
See Fig. 1, the automobile exhaust particlate trap system that the present embodiment provides, comprises down blowing valve 2, valve 4 of giving vent to anger, wall-flow type fine particle filter core 5, gas pressure sensor 6, catcher housing 7, laying dust position transducer 8, cleaning valve 9, air intake valve 10 etc.Wherein blowing valve 2 and air intake valve 10 are connected in parallel on engine exhaust pipe; Gas pressure sensor 6 is arranged on catcher housing 7, and laying dust position transducer 8 is positioned at the top of cleaning valve 9; Wall-flow type fine particle filter core 5 is arranged on the inner place on the upper side of catcher housing 7, and keeps certain distance with catcher housing bottom.
See Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the present invention has two kinds of working staties, i.e. trap particulate matter working state and reproduction operation state.Under trap particulate matter working state, exhaust gas flow enters in catcher through air intake valve 10, and forms swirling eddy after discharging from engine exhaust port 1, and larger particulate matter can be made to be deposited into the top of cleaning valve 9, and this is single filter.Air-flow can enter from the bottom of wall-flow type fine particle filter core 5 subsequently, and after cascade filtration fine particle, the air-flow after filtration is discharged from catcher through valve 4 of giving vent to anger.Under reproduction operation state, after exhaust gas flow is discharged from engine exhaust port 1, through falling blowing valve 2, enter from the upper end of wall-flow type fine particle filter core 5, blow away the particulate matter wherein piled up, discharge catcher finally by cleaning valve 9, the laying dust cleared away etc. can impact in a container, and finally unification processes.
In order to prevent laying dust in catcher from too much impacting particle collection, the present invention installs a laying dust position transducer 8 in catcher bottom, to judge laying dust amount; When laying dust reach a certain height, sensor signal can indicate automobile ECU to enter reproduction operation state (namely carrying out blowback cleaning).Because laying dust is superfine little powder, judge to adopt position sensor with float to its accumulating amount; According to photoelectric position sensor, in exhaust, charcoal cigarette can pollute its optical device, causes sensor failure; In addition due to the adjacent cleaning valve in its underpart, also cannot design strain element and it is weighed.Therefore the present invention is directed to the characteristic of laying dust, devise a condenser type laying dust position transducer, its essential structure as shown in Figure 4.Its basic principle is different according to the medium in capacitor, the principle design that condenser capacitance size can be caused to change.From physics, the Capacity of capacitor is the function of the shape at the two poles of the earth forming capacitor, size, mutual alignment and dielectric Constant.The Capacity of capacitor is:
In formula, C is electric capacity, and ε is the permittivity of two contrasted between solid dielectric; S is the two poles of the earth relative effective area; δ is the gap at the two poles of the earth.As long as ensure now that the value of S and δ is constant, only changes the value of ε, just the change of this parameter can be become the change of single Capacity, then by measuring change-over circuit, convert thereof into voltage signal for controller process, see Fig. 5.
As shown in Figure 4, there is the meniscate tinsel 12 of two panels in laying dust position transducer, be attached to columnar insulating support inside, and require to leave certain interval between two metal sheets, the two poles of the earth of this two panels tinsel and sensor, the Capacity signal of two interpolars and the output signal of sensor.In order to ensure accuracy of judgement, the two poles of the earth of sensor are designed to narrower shape, and are attached to the upper end of insulating support.Can ensure laying dust like this once highly reach the position at the two poles of the earth, the medium in the capacitor that sensor is formed will sport laying dust by tail gas, and its Capacity exported just there will be comparatively significant change, judges precision to improve.In addition according to lot of experimental data display, the vehicle emission component overwhelming majority is CO
2, H
2o and N
2and the constituent of particulate matter is also comparatively stable, be a large amount of dry charcoal cigarette, sulphate and dissolved organic matter, therefore both difference in dielectric constant are comparatively stable, the capacitance of its capacitor formed has notable difference, and therefore this determination methods is feasible.
Control flow of the present invention is as follows: gas pressure sensor 6 and laying dust position transducer 8 can monitor catcher internal air pressure and laying dust amount in real time; If when air pressure and laying dust amount are in normal range (NR), air intake valve 10 and valve 4 of giving vent to anger are opened, and blowing valve 2 and cleaning valve 9 are closed, and catcher can normal trap particulate matter.If catcher internal air pressure or laying dust amount exceed threshold value, then blowing valve 2 and cleaning valve 9 are opened, and air intake valve 10 and valve 4 of giving vent to anger are closed, and engine exhaust can be introduced by catcher in the other direction, clears up, realize the regeneration of this device to device inside; Blow in journey, gas pressure sensor 6 and laying dust position transducer 8 can monitor catcher internal air pressure and laying dust amount always, only have when air pressure and laying dust amount return normally, just can open air intake valve 10 and valve 4 of giving vent to anger, close blowing valve 2 and cleaning valve 9, carry out the trapping of particulate matter, otherwise can continue to blow reproduction operation; After this phase lasts certain hour, if air pressure and laying dust amount still exceed threshold value, then output alarm signal, shows possibility blowback system or sensor experiences failure, needs further maintenance and repair.
Above-mentioned automobile exhaust particlate trap system is compared with prior art:
1, the present invention utilizes cyclonic flow and wall-flow type absorption to carry out two-stage removal to particulate matter, improves particle collection efficiency;
2, great number tested data shows, in the particulate matter that automobile is discharged, although the particulate matter number concentration of particle diameter more than 5 μm is lower, its mass concentration is very high; Tail gas is carried out the flowing of whirlwind shape by this device, can remove the large particle thing of particle diameter more than 5 μm, effectively can reduce the working strength of wall-flow type fine particle filter core, extends the working life of filter core, reduces user cost;
3, the tactful regenerating particulate catching device adopting engine exhaust to blow, does not affect motor and normally runs, and structure is simple, with low cost;
4, judge whether that needs blow regeneration according to catcher internal air pressure, can prevent catcher from blocking the exhaust back pressure caused too high, affect the normal operation of motor; Judge whether that needs are cleared up according to catcher inner product dust quantity, improve the arresting efficiency of catcher.
Claims (7)
1. an exhaust particulate catching device, it is characterized in that: this catching device comprises vortex type catcher, first air intake valve, second air intake valve, to give vent to anger valve (4), ash discharge valve and wall-flow particulate thing filter core, described wall-flow particulate thing filter core is arranged in vortex type catcher, gap is left between the side of wall-flow particulate thing filter core and the inwall of vortex type catcher, one end of wall-flow particulate thing filter core and the adjacent for the section collecting settling particulate matter of vortex type catcher, the other end is arranged at the suction port place of vortex type catcher, and the described the other end is connected with the venting conduit inlet at vortex type catcher top, valve (4) of giving vent to anger is arranged at the outlet port of described outlet pipe, first air intake valve is connected with described suction port, second air intake valve is connected with the sidewall of described outlet pipe, ash discharge valve is arranged at described for collecting the bottom opening place of the section of settling particulate matter.
2. a kind of exhaust particulate catching device according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described first air intake valve, the second air intake valve, valve of giving vent to anger (4) and ash discharge valve adopt solenoid valve.
3. a kind of exhaust particulate catching device according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described catching device also comprises laying dust position transducer (8), and laying dust position transducer is arranged at described for collecting in the section of settling particulate matter.
4. a kind of exhaust particulate catching device according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: described laying dust position transducer (8) comprises two metal polar plates being arranged at described insulating support (13) in the section collecting settling particulate matter and being arranged on described insulating support, two metal polar plates are oppositely arranged and leave gap, and two metal polar plates are connected with electric capacity/voltage conversion circuit.
5. a kind of exhaust particulate catching device according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: described insulating support (13) is tubular structure, the one end open of tubular structure is relative with one end of described wall-flow particulate thing filter core, the other end opening of tubular structure is relative with described bottom opening, and two metal polar plates are arranged at the edge, upper end of tubular structure inwall.
6. a kind of exhaust particulate catching device according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described catching device also comprises gas pressure sensor (6), and gas pressure sensor is arranged in described gap.
7. a controlling method for exhaust particulate catching device as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
1) first, second air intake valve is connected with relief opening respectively, then selects to enter trap particulate matter working state;
2) under trap particulate matter working state, give vent to anger valve (4) and the first air intake valve is opened, second air intake valve and ash discharge valve closing, exhaust enters vortex type catcher through the first air intake valve and forms downward swirling eddy along described gap, particulate matter larger in exhaust is made to be settled down to above ash discharge valve, then, exhaust enters wall-flow particulate thing filter core by the bottom of wall-flow particulate thing filter core, less particulate matter in exhaust is by wall-flow particulate thing filter element filtering, and the exhaust after filtration discharges vortex type catcher by valve of giving vent to anger (4);
3) under trap particulate matter working state, if the air pressure in vortex type catcher is greater than air pressure threshold value, or the settling height of the described section endoparticle thing for collecting settling particulate matter is greater than height threshold, then select to enter reproduction operation state;
4) under reproduction operation state, give vent to anger valve (4) and the first air intake valve is closed, second air intake valve and ash discharge valve open, exhaust enters wall-flow particulate thing filter core through the second air intake valve by the top of wall-flow particulate thing filter core and also purges the particulate matter be deposited in wall-flow particulate thing filter core, and the particulate matter and the particulate matter be deposited in above ash discharge valve that purge out wall-flow particulate thing filter core go out vortex type catcher through Ash valves door row;
5) within the scope of the duration threshold of reproduction operation state, if the air pressure in vortex type catcher is less than or equal to air pressure threshold value and the settling height of described particulate matter is less than or equal to height threshold, then switch to trap particulate matter working state by reproduction operation state, otherwise, under continuing to remain on reproduction operation state.
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CN107442285A (en) * | 2017-07-27 | 2017-12-08 | 重庆科技学院 | Electrostatic filter |
CN113550811A (en) * | 2021-06-02 | 2021-10-26 | 内蒙古农业大学 | Diesel engine exhaust particulate matter trap and trapping method thereof |
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CN113550811B (en) * | 2021-06-02 | 2022-05-20 | 内蒙古农业大学 | Diesel engine exhaust particulate matter trap and trapping method thereof |
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