CN107435934A - 一种生活垃圾连续化热解、灰化环保处理装置 - Google Patents

一种生活垃圾连续化热解、灰化环保处理装置 Download PDF

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CN107435934A
CN107435934A CN201710232024.3A CN201710232024A CN107435934A CN 107435934 A CN107435934 A CN 107435934A CN 201710232024 A CN201710232024 A CN 201710232024A CN 107435934 A CN107435934 A CN 107435934A
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air
control oxygen
flue gas
depickling
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李艺
肖国华
张进
李忠彬
李云涛
江钰
欧阳李黎
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/08—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating
    • F23G5/14—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion
    • F23G5/16—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion in a separate combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
    • F23G5/027—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/006—Layout of treatment plant
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
    • F23J15/022—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow
    • F23J15/025—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow using filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
    • F23J15/022—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow
    • F23J15/027—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow using cyclone separators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/06—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of coolers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
    • F23G2201/30—Pyrolysing
    • F23G2201/302—Treating pyrosolids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
    • F23G2201/30—Pyrolysing
    • F23G2201/303—Burning pyrogases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2202/00—Combustion
    • F23G2202/10—Combustion in two or more stages
    • F23G2202/103—Combustion in two or more stages in separate chambers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for incinerators
    • F23G2900/50204—Waste pre-treatment by pyrolysis, gasification or cracking
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J2215/00—Preventing emissions
    • F23J2215/20—Sulfur; Compounds thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J2217/00—Intercepting solids
    • F23J2217/10—Intercepting solids by filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J2217/00—Intercepting solids
    • F23J2217/40—Intercepting solids by cyclones
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/30—Technologies for a more efficient combustion or heat usage

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)

Abstract

一种生活垃圾连续化热解、灰化环保处理装置，本发明特征在于破碎机与提升机连接；提升机与控氧热解塔连接；控氧热解塔与二次燃烧塔连接；二次燃烧塔与急冷换热塔连接；急冷换热塔与鼓风机连接；鼓风机与空气换热器连接，同时鼓风机又与控氧热解塔的进气口连接；空气换热器与脱酸脱硫塔连接；脱酸脱硫塔与旋风除尘塔连接；旋风除尘塔与布袋除尘器连接；布袋除尘器与多元吸附塔连接；多元吸附塔与超强电场烟气净化器连接、超强电场烟气净化器与引风机连接。本发明工艺流程合理，能够将垃圾充分热解并灰化，达到垃圾处理无害化、减量化。

Description

一种生活垃圾连续化热解、灰化环保处理装置
技术领域
本发明属于化工领域，具体的说涉及一种生活垃圾热解处理的设备。
背景技术
现有生活垃圾焚烧处理一般是简单的直接焚烧，飞灰多，烟尘大，更没有二次燃烧的设置，垃圾中的有害物——二噁英没有充分高温烧蚀，可以随着烟尘排放到大气；也没有脱硫脱酸和吸附装置，形成二次污染。因此需要改进技术，使垃圾的处理无害化。
发明内容
本发明为了解决现有技术的不足，提供一种生活垃圾连续化热解、灰化环保处理装置，采用本发明不仅可以实现连续化而且能够环保性处理垃圾。
为实现上述目的，本发明解决问题的技术方案是：一种生活垃圾连续化热解、灰化环保处理装置，由破碎机、提升机、控氧热解塔、二次燃烧塔、急冷换热塔、鼓风机、空气换热器、脱酸脱硫塔、旋风除尘塔、布袋除尘器、多元吸附塔、超强电场烟气净化器、引风机组成，其中，破碎机与提升机连接；提升机与控氧热解塔连接；控氧热解塔与二次燃烧塔连接；二次燃烧塔与急冷换热塔连接；急冷换热塔与鼓风机连接；鼓风机与空气换热器连接，同时鼓风机又与控氧热解塔的进气口连接；空气换热器与脱酸脱硫塔连接；脱酸脱硫塔与旋风除尘塔连接；旋风除尘塔与布袋除尘器连接；布袋除尘器与多元吸附塔连接；多元吸附塔与超强电场烟气净化器连接、超强电场烟气净化器与引风机连接。
本发明工作时，首先将垃圾破碎，送入提升机，将原料进入控氧热解塔被加温热解，与空气接触的部分温度800℃左右，热解后的渣料是灰分状态，自动排出；热解的气体进入二次燃烧塔被900℃以上的高温烧蚀，可燃物被烧尽，二噁英物质被分解；然后烟气继续进入急冷塔被冷却至200℃以下，再进入空气换热器，将冷空气换热后经鼓风机送入热解塔供热风；从换热器出来的烟气继续进入脱酸脱硫塔反应，然后进入旋风除尘塔除尘，再进入布袋除尘器进一步除尘；继续进入多元吸附塔吸附杂质；最后进入超强电场烟气净化器净化后排放。
本发明有益的效果在于：一是采用了二次燃烧技术和设备，确保了可燃物质充分燃烧，特别是二噁英的单体被充分分解，再经急冷后不再合成二噁英；二是采用了多项净化设备，高效的将烟气充分进一步净化，使排放的烟气达到环保要求。
附图说明
下面结合附图对本发明做进一步描述。利用附图对本发明作进一步说明，但附图中的实施例不构成对本发明的任何限制，对于本领域的普通技术人员，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据以下附图获得其它的附图。
图1是本发明整体结构和流程示意图。
具体实施方式
图中：1.破碎机，2.提升机，3.控氧热解塔，4.二次燃烧塔，5.急冷换热塔，6.鼓风机，7.空气换热器，8.脱酸脱硫塔，9.旋风除尘塔，10.布袋除尘器，11.多元吸附塔，12.超强电场烟气净化器，13.引风机。
一种生活垃圾连续化热解、灰化环保处理装置，本发明由破碎机、提升机、控氧热解塔、二次燃烧塔、急冷换热塔、鼓风机、空气换热器、脱酸脱硫塔、旋风除尘塔、布袋除尘器、多元吸附塔、超强电场烟气净化器、引风机组成，其中，破碎机与提升机连接；提升机与控氧热解塔连接；控氧热解塔与二次燃烧塔连接；二次燃烧塔与急冷换热塔连接；急冷换热塔与鼓风机连接；鼓风机与空气换热器连接，同时鼓风机又与控氧热解塔的进气口连接；空气换热器与脱酸脱硫塔连接；脱酸脱硫塔与旋风除尘塔连接；旋风除尘塔与布袋除尘器连接；布袋除尘器与多元吸附塔连接；多元吸附塔与超强电场烟气净化器连接、超强电场烟气净化器与引风机连接。
最后应当说明的是，以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对本发明保护范围的限制，尽管参照较佳实施例对本发明作了详细地说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解，可以对本发明的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换，而不脱离本发明技术方案的实质和范围。

Claims (1)

1.一种生活垃圾连续化热解、灰化环保处理装置，本发明由破碎机(1)、提升机(2)、控氧热解塔(3)、二次燃烧塔(4)、急冷换热塔(5)、鼓风机(6)、空气换热器(7)、脱酸脱硫塔(8)、旋风除尘塔(9)、布袋除尘器(10)、多元吸附塔(11)、超强电场烟气净化器(12)、引风机(13)组成，其中，破碎机(1)与提升机(2)连接；提升机(2)与控氧热解塔(3)连接；控氧热解塔(3)与二次燃烧塔(4)连接；二次燃烧塔(4)与急冷换热塔(5)连接；急冷换热塔(5)与鼓风机(6)连接；鼓风机(6)与空气换热器(7)连接，鼓风机(6)又与控氧热解塔的进气口连接；空气换热器(7)与脱酸脱硫塔(8)连接；脱酸脱硫塔(8)与旋风除尘塔(9)连接；旋风除尘塔(9)与布袋除尘器(10)连接；布袋除尘器(10)与多元吸附塔(11)连接；多元吸附塔(11)与超强电场烟气净化器(12)连接、超强电场烟气净化器(12)与引风机(13)连接。
CN201710232024.3A 2017-04-05 2017-04-05 一种生活垃圾连续化热解、灰化环保处理装置 Pending CN107435934A (zh)

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CN109373331A (zh) * 2018-11-28 2019-02-22 钟天路 一种高效除尘全自动垃圾焚烧炉及其工艺方法
CN114393005A (zh) * 2022-01-18 2022-04-26 李兴 一种填埋场生活垃圾资源化处理成套设备

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CN109373331A (zh) * 2018-11-28 2019-02-22 钟天路 一种高效除尘全自动垃圾焚烧炉及其工艺方法
CN109357261A (zh) * 2018-12-18 2019-02-19 上海玖矢企业管理有限公司 一种有机质固废处理设备
CN109357261B (zh) * 2018-12-18 2019-12-17 上海玖矢企业管理有限公司 一种有机质固废处理设备
CN114393005A (zh) * 2022-01-18 2022-04-26 李兴 一种填埋场生活垃圾资源化处理成套设备

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