CN107414600A - The process monitoring method of internal thread low frequency exciting cold extrusion lathe based on multiple sensor signals - Google Patents
The process monitoring method of internal thread low frequency exciting cold extrusion lathe based on multiple sensor signals Download PDFInfo
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- CN107414600A CN107414600A CN201710309037.6A CN201710309037A CN107414600A CN 107414600 A CN107414600 A CN 107414600A CN 201710309037 A CN201710309037 A CN 201710309037A CN 107414600 A CN107414600 A CN 107414600A
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- internal thread
- screw tap
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- abrasion
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
- B23Q17/09—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring cutting pressure or for determining cutting-tool condition, e.g. cutting ability, load on tool
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23G—THREAD CUTTING; WORKING OF SCREWS, BOLT HEADS, OR NUTS, IN CONJUNCTION THEREWITH
- B23G1/00—Thread cutting; Automatic machines specially designed therefor
- B23G1/44—Equipment or accessories specially designed for machines or devices for thread cutting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
- B23Q17/20—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring workpiece characteristics, e.g. contour, dimension, hardness
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Automatic Control Of Machine Tools (AREA)
- Measurement Of Mechanical Vibrations Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of process monitoring method of the internal thread low frequency exciting cold extrusion lathe based on multiple sensor signals, it is characterized in that：First with vibration amplitude and extrusion torque, temperature, the acoustic information of multi-sensor collection exciting device；Secondly the signal collected is analyzed, feature extraction, screw tap abrasion, internal thread quality is detected；Then build based on this under different technical parameters, multiple sensor signals and thread forming tap abrasion, the mapping model of internal thread quality；Realize and the lathe is monitored on-line, finally realize to screw tap abrasion condition and the on-line prediction of internal thread quality.Not only internal threads low frequency exciting cold extrusion special purpose machine tool has preferable applicability to the present invention, and can be widely applied to realize the lathe on-line monitoring field of processing using vibration principle.
Description
Technical field
It is particularly a kind of low suitable for internal thread the present invention relates to a kind of lathe and its on-line monitoring system of process
The special on-line monitoring system of frequency exciting cold extrusion lathe, specifically a kind of internal thread low frequency based on multiple sensor signals
The process monitoring method of exciting cold extrusion lathe.
Background technology
Class part is threadedly coupled as one of most important connection and structural member, has been widely used for heavy duty, high speed etc.
Under the conditions of in the industrial circle such as shipbuilding, Aero-Space.At present, the internal thread that the cold extrusion of low frequency exciting shapes has more
High case hardness and intensity, higher thread surface quality, lower production cost and higher production efficiency, are thus protected
Mechanical performance and its fatigue life of important feature threaded connector are demonstrate,proved.
The core exciting device of internal thread low frequency exciting cold extrusion special purpose machine tool is under a kind of state based on balance
Mechanical exciting device, extrusion torque, temperature, voice signal in the vibration amplitude and process of the exciting device
The prediction of selection, thread forming tap wear extent and internal thread quality for machined parameters has important researching value.Thus adopt
During with multi-sensor monitoring low frequency exciting Cold Extrusion Process, the monitoring signals of the reflection extrusion process of acquisition necessarily include screw tap
The relevant information of abrasion condition, screw processing quality, similarly help to the optimum option of machined parameters.
But related on-line monitoring system is not high for the applicability of this lathe, is in particular in：1. add for vibration
Amplitude monitoring in work all directly monitors the output amplitude of exciting device, and the screw tap of extrusion process is directly acted on without paying close attention to
The vibration amplitude of working portion；2. the signal acquisition approach of most monitoring system is single, not according to itself spy of signal
Point uses different acquisition methods.3. prediction screw tap abrasion condition and screw processing quality are only analyzed single signal, it is such
One-sidedness be present in analysis method.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention can not be reacted comprehensively for existing internal thread low frequency exciting cold extrusion lathe signal monitoring
The problem of Cold Extrusion Process, invent a kind of process of the internal thread low frequency exciting cold extrusion lathe based on multiple sensor signals
Monitoring method, each process information is directly gathered so as to more accurate, and distinguished by the transmission means suitable for each signal
Preservation is transmitted, the purpose to low frequency exciting cold extrusion process on-line monitoring can be realized, so as to low frequency exciting cold-extruded
Screw tap abrasion and internal thread quality in pressure processing carry out on-line prediction, by the optimization of machined parameters, and then effectively drop
The abrasion of low screw tap and the machining accuracy for improving internal thread.
The technical scheme is that：
A kind of process monitoring method of the internal thread low frequency exciting cold extrusion lathe based on multiple sensor signals, its feature
It is：First with vibration amplitude and extrusion torque, temperature, the acoustic information of multi-sensor collection exciting device；Secondly to adopting
The signal collected is analyzed, feature extraction, and screw tap abrasion, internal thread quality are detected；Then build based on this
Under different technical parameters, multiple sensor signals and thread forming tap abrasion, the mapping model of internal thread quality；Realization exists to the lathe
Line monitors, and finally realizes to screw tap abrasion condition and the on-line prediction of internal thread quality.
The sensor of use includes：Piezoelectric acceleration transducer, torque sensor, infrared temperature sensor harmony hair
Penetrate sensor.
The measurement of exciting amplitude uses the feeding acceleration of piezoelectric acceleration transducer direct measurement screw tap axial direction, according to
Kinematic geometry relation calculates screw tap circumference angular displacement, the i.e. vibration amplitude of screw tap.
Acceleration, moment of torsion, voice signal are gathered by capture card, and temperature signal can not be neglected by capture card internal interference
Slightly, so becoming warp let-off serial acquisition by secondary meter.
A variety of different characteristics of multiple sensor signals under different technical parameters in low frequency exciting cold extrusion are identified,
Analysis；To different screw tap abrasion conditions, internal thread quality is tested and analyzed；Monitoring signals and screw tap are established on this basis
Wear extent, the mapping relations of thread quality, to realize to screw tap wear extent, the on-line prediction of thread quality.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
（1）A kind of process monitoring system of internal thread low frequency exciting cold extrusion lathe based on multiple sensor signals of the present invention
System, it uses different acquisition methods by different signal characteristics, so both ensure that the sample rate of signal, and reduced again dry
The influence disturbed so that the acquisition collection of signal is more accurate.
（2）A kind of process prison of internal thread low frequency exciting cold extrusion lathe based on multiple sensor signals of the present invention
Examining system, its multiple sensor signals feature established and screw tap abrasion, the mapping model of internal thread quality, not only from the more of signal
Sample angle ensure that the accuracy of model, and more screw tap abrasion, the prediction of internal thread quality provides more accurate experiment
Foundation.
（3）A kind of process prison of internal thread low frequency exciting cold extrusion lathe based on multiple sensor signals of the present invention
Examining system, its screw tap established abrasion, forecast model of internal thread quality, not only have recorded substantial amounts of test data and is available for looking into
Ask, can also constantly take in the accuracy that new test data improves amendment forecast model.
（4）A kind of process prison of internal thread low frequency exciting cold extrusion lathe based on multiple sensor signals of the present invention
It examining system, can not only optimize low frequency exciting cold-extrusion technology parameter, reduce screw tap wear extent, improve the quality of internal thread, also
It can be improved for the further design of internal thread low frequency exciting cold extrusion lathe and test basis is provided.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the functional-block diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the overview flow chart of the multiple sensor signals collection of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is screw tap-workpiece motion s schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the schematic view of the mounting position of the vibration amplitude monitoring device of the present invention.1 is that piezoelectric type acceleration senses in figure
Device, 2 be exciting device.
Fig. 5 is the moment of torsion, sound, the acquisition module of vibration signal of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the acquisition module of the temperature signal of the present invention.
Fig. 7-1 is a kind of sound emission primary signal figure of the present invention.
Fig. 7-2 is a kind of power spectrum chart of acoustic emission signal of the present invention.
Fig. 7-3 is a kind of frequency domain character distribution map of acoustic emission signal of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is the partial enlarged drawing of the screw tap state of wear of the present invention.Wherein a is the mild wear state of screw tap, and b is silk
The heavy wear state of cone, c are the breaking state of screw tap, and d is the slipping state of screw tap.
Fig. 9 is the internal thread hardness and hardened case distribution figure of the present invention.Including at root of the tooth, at tooth side, at crest
Hardness and hardened case distribution.
Figure 10 is each signal characteristic and screw tap abrasion, the mapping of internal thread quality under the different technical parameters of the present invention
Model flow figure.
Figure 11 is each signal characteristic and screw tap abrasion, the prediction of internal thread quality under the different technical parameters of the present invention
Model flow figure.
Embodiment
The present invention is further described embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
As shown in figs. 1-11.
A kind of process monitoring method of the internal thread low frequency exciting cold extrusion lathe based on multiple sensor signals, first with
Vibration amplitude and extrusion torque, temperature, the acoustic information of multi-sensor collection exciting device；Secondly the signal collected is entered
Row analysis, feature extraction, screw tap abrasion, internal thread quality are detected；Then different technical parameters are built based on this
Under, multiple sensor signals and thread forming tap abrasion, the mapping model of internal thread quality；Realize and the lathe is monitored on-line, finally
Realize as follows to screw tap abrasion condition and the on-line prediction of internal thread quality, specific embodiment：
（1）Signal acquisition：Process signal is acquired using multisensor, and basis signal feature selects different adopt
Diversity method.
1）The exciting amplitude of acceleration transducer measurement core exciting device, because the vibration amplitude of exciting device output exists
It can decay in transmittance process, so answering the vibration amplitude of direct measurement screw tap working portion, therefore use acceleration transducer
The acceleration of screw tap axial feed motion is measured, the rotational vibration amplitude of screw tap working portion is calculated.
2）Frequency acquisition required by vibration, moment of torsion and acoustic emission signal is higher, therefore uses data collecting card to simulate and believe
Number being converted into data signal is acquired.
3) collection of temperature signal is easily by transmitting and capture card internal interference is influenceed, and not high in temperature
In the case of disturb and can not ignore, therefore use secondary meter to become warp let-off serial acquisition into computer.
（2）Interpretation of result is handled：On the one hand, more sensings for being gathered in internal thread low frequency exciting cold extrusion process
Device signal, according to the difference of signal characteristic, signal is subjected to different processing and extracts the characteristic information of correlation.On the other hand,
Signature analysis record is carried out to the thread forming tap abrasion after the completion of process and internal thread quality.
1）Extrusion torque, temperature signal are the curve of change in process, so carrying out time-domain analysis.
2）Voice signal in process engineering will not only consider temporal signatures, it is also contemplated that its frequency change in process
Change is frequency domain character, therefore to carry out time domain and the comprehensive analysis of time-frequency domain to acoustic emission signal.
3）The measurement of exciting amplitude is completed by acceleration transducer, only focuses on the circumferential amplitude of screw tap, so using preposition
Acceleration signal is converted to displacement signal and is acquired by the double integrator function of amplifier.
4）The abrasion condition of thread forming tap is divided into normal operating conditions, mild wear state, heavy wear state, disconnected
Split state and workpiece slipping state.
5）The crudy of internal thread is weighed using the surface hardness at internal thread root of the tooth, at tooth side and at crest.
（3）Establish mapping model：Establish under different technical parameters, exciting amplitude and extrusion torque, temperature, voice signal are special
Sign and thread forming tap wear extent, the mapping model of internal thread machining quality.
（4）Establish forecast model：Realize and sensed according to the amplitude and moment of torsion of Metal Cutting Machine Tool Stimulated Vibration device, temperature, sound emission more
Device signal wears to screw tap, the prediction of internal thread machining quality.For the reduction of the thread forming tap abrasion of the special purpose machine tool, internal thread
Quality provides important practical guided significance, and provides experiment for the optimum option of the machined parameters of the lathe and refer to
Lead.
Details are as follows：
As shown in Figure 1, this figure is the internal thread low frequency exciting cold extrusion lathe process monitoring based on multiple sensor signals
The functional-block diagram of system.Pass through screw tap axial vibration signal, acoustic emission signal, the moment of torsion in multi-sensor collection process
Signal and temperature signal；According to the characteristics of signal using correlation method extraction signal characteristic；Analyze thread forming tap state of wear and
The crudy of internal thread；The multiple sensor signals feature established under different technical parameters and screw tap abrasion, internal thread quality
Mapping model；Based on this, screw tap abrasion, the forecast model of internal thread quality are established.So as to realize to machine tooling process
On-line monitoring and screw tap abrasion, the prediction of internal thread quality.
As shown in Figure 2, this figure is the overview flow chart of multiple sensor signals collection.Temperature is less than 100 degrees Celsius at it
When, voltage signal is more faint, is vulnerable to the interference of capture card, therefore using the method for secondary meter pick-up serial acquisition；Moment of torsion,
Sound emission and the sample rate needed for vibration signal are higher, therefore use data collecting card to gather.So diversified acquisition mode, protect
The accuracy of signal is demonstrate,proved.
As shown in Figure 3, this figure is screw tap-workpiece motion s schematic diagram.Screw tap does low-frequency vibration, workpiece along hand of helix
Along the circumferential direction do gyration, the motion of screw tap can be analyzed to the vibration of vertical axial direction and the vibration of horizontal axis, therefore can be with
Axial vibration is measured, rotational vibration amplitude is calculated.And non-measured exciting device output amplitude, but direct measurement screw tap work
Make the vibration amplitude of part, it is contemplated that vibrate the amplitude attenuation problem of transmission, improve accuracy.
As shown in Figure 4, this figure is the schematic view of the mounting position of vibration amplitude monitoring device.1 is that piezoelectric type accelerates in figure
Sensor is spent, 2 be exciting device.This mode and non-measured exciting device output amplitude, but direct measurement screw tap work department
The vibration amplitude divided, it is contemplated that vibrate the amplitude attenuation problem of transmission, improve measurement accuracy.
As shown in Figure 5, this figure is the acquisition module of moment of torsion, sound, vibration signal.Number is gathered using data collecting card
According to sample rate height ensure that the accuracy of signal, and simple to operate.
As shown in Figure 6, this figure is the acquisition module of temperature signal.Using serial communication gathered data, collection is eliminated
The interference of the internal signal to temperature when relatively low of card.
As shown in accompanying drawing 7-1, this figure is a kind of sound emission primary signal figure.Gatherer process is believed under different technical parameters
Number, the oscillogram of the data point and magnitude of voltage similar to the figure can be drawn, wherein just contain machining information i.e. screw tap abrasion with
The information of internal thread quality.
As shown in accompanying drawing 7-2, this figure is a kind of power spectrum chart of acoustic emission signal.Because Welch methods have data overlap
Part, so power spectrum curve is more smooth, variance performance is more preferable, therefore uses this method to carry out the primary signal in Fig. 7-1
Power spectrumanalysis.
As shown in accompanying drawing 7-3, this figure is a kind of frequency domain character distribution map of acoustic emission signal.By to acoustic emission signal
Power spectrumanalysis, it is possible to substantially obtain which frequency components the vibration signal mainly has, analyze the distribution feelings of dominant frequency therein
Condition and its peak value size, make further Fusion Features and processing, just obtained frequency domain character distribution map.Other signals also do phase
Close similar process, it is possible to obtain the signal characteristic of multisensor.
As shown in Figure 8, this figure is the partial enlarged drawing of screw tap state of wear.The wear condition of thread forming tap passes through processing
After the completion of using tool microscope measurement obtain, state of wear is divided into substantially five kinds of situations, sorted out according to abrasion condition
Arrange.
As shown in Figure 9, this figure is internal thread hardness and hardened case distribution figure.Including at root of the tooth, at tooth side, crest
The hardness and hardened case distribution at place.The internal thread sample machined extracts a fritter and carried out after decontamination, polishing using digital
Intelligent microhardness testers carry out hardness test, characterize the crudy of internal thread with this.
As shown in Figure 10, this figure is that each signal characteristic wears with screw tap under different technical parameters, internal thread quality
Mapping model flow chart.In a specific application example, multiple sensor signals feature is obtained with Fig. 7 methods, with figure
8th, 9 methods can obtain screw tap wear information and internal thread quality information, is corresponded to storage, that is, forms the mapping model,
Experiment preparation has been done for the forecast model of next step.
As shown in Figure 11, under the different technical parameters that this figure is, each signal characteristic and screw tap abrasion, internal thread quality
Forecast model flow chart.In process, by each sensor signal input prediction model, in the mapping that Figure 10 is introduced
It is special further according to signal using prior art and related ripe model under the experiment of extensive application example in model is supported
Sign, realize the crudy of the abrasion condition and this internal thread of more accurately predicting thread forming tap.
Part that the present invention does not relate to is same as the prior art or can be realized using prior art.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of process monitoring method of the internal thread low frequency exciting cold extrusion lathe based on multiple sensor signals, its feature
It is：First with vibration amplitude and extrusion torque, temperature, the acoustic information of multi-sensor collection exciting device；Secondly to adopting
The signal collected is analyzed, feature extraction, and screw tap abrasion, internal thread quality are detected；Then build based on this
Under different technical parameters, multiple sensor signals and thread forming tap abrasion, the mapping model of internal thread quality；Realization exists to the lathe
Line monitors, and finally realizes to screw tap abrasion condition and the on-line prediction of internal thread quality.
2. the method according to claim 11, it is characterized in that：The sensor of use includes：Piezoelectric acceleration transducer, torsion
Square sensor, infrared temperature sensor and acoustic emission sensor.
3. the method according to claim 11, it is characterized in that：The measurement of exciting amplitude is straight using piezoelectric acceleration transducer
The feeding acceleration of measurement screw tap axial direction is connect, screw tap circumference angular displacement, the i.e. vibration of screw tap are calculated according to kinematic geometry relation
Amplitude.
4. the method according to claim 11, it is characterized in that：Acceleration, moment of torsion, voice signal are gathered by capture card, and
Temperature signal be can not ignore by capture card internal interference, so becoming warp let-off serial acquisition by secondary meter.
5. the method according to claim 11, it is characterized in that：To more biographies under different technical parameters in low frequency exciting cold extrusion
A variety of different characteristics of sensor signal are identified, analyzed；To different screw tap abrasion conditions, internal thread quality carries out detection point
Analysis；Establish monitoring signals and screw tap wear extent, the mapping relations of thread quality on this basis, with realize to screw tap wear extent,
The on-line prediction of thread quality.
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Cited By (6)
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| CN111195740A (en) * | 2020-01-03 | 2020-05-26 | 西北工业大学 | Method and apparatus for machining parts |
| CN111795817A (en) * | 2020-07-27 | 2020-10-20 | 西安交通大学 | RV reduction gear capability test device based on many sensing fuse |
| CN114346762A (en) * | 2022-02-22 | 2022-04-15 | 南京航空航天大学 | Flutter monitoring method and system in high-speed milling process and storable medium |
| CN114571285A (en) * | 2022-03-07 | 2022-06-03 | 博世华域转向***有限公司 | Method for intelligently identifying micro-tipping of extrusion tap |
| WO2023110576A1 (en) * | 2021-12-14 | 2023-06-22 | Sms Group Gmbh | Apparatus for machining workpieces and method for controlling a machine tool |
| CN116415434A (en) * | 2023-04-07 | 2023-07-11 | 平湖市山特螺纹工具有限公司 | Screw tap processing technique and system for high-strength steel |
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| CN111195740A (en) * | 2020-01-03 | 2020-05-26 | 西北工业大学 | Method and apparatus for machining parts |
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| CN116415434A (en) * | 2023-04-07 | 2023-07-11 | 平湖市山特螺纹工具有限公司 | Screw tap processing technique and system for high-strength steel |
| CN116415434B (en) * | 2023-04-07 | 2024-05-24 | 平湖市山特螺纹工具有限公司 | Screw tap processing technique and system for high-strength steel |
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Application publication date: 20171201 |