CN107378273A - A kind of low-cost aluminum Alloy by Laser cheesing techniques - Google Patents
A kind of low-cost aluminum Alloy by Laser cheesing techniques Download PDFInfo
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- CN107378273A CN107378273A CN201710727156.3A CN201710727156A CN107378273A CN 107378273 A CN107378273 A CN 107378273A CN 201710727156 A CN201710727156 A CN 201710727156A CN 107378273 A CN107378273 A CN 107378273A
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- aluminum alloy
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- cheesing techniques
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/36—Removing material
- B23K26/38—Removing material by boring or cutting
- B23K26/382—Removing material by boring or cutting by boring
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/04—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the coating material
- C23C2/10—Lead or alloys based thereon
Abstract
The invention belongs to technical field of laser processing, there is provided a kind of inexpensive aluminium alloy laser drilling.This method covers one layer of pb-sn alloy plating using the method for hot-dip in aluminum alloy surface, forms gel protective film, then carries out perforation processing to the aluminum alloy plate materials of gained using accurate digital control laser process equipment, obtains required product.The laser drilling that this method uses, the pore-forming taper that can effectively enable aluminum alloy to reduces, and prevents liquid phase from splashing, simultaneously high in machining efficiency, cost is low, and post processing is simple, continuous production can be achieved, and have excellent performance with into empty control aspect in the processing of highly difficult material.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of laser processing, there is provided a kind of inexpensive aluminium alloy laser drilling.
Background technology
Laser（Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation, abbreviation
LASER）, refer to that the illumination rays of narrow frequency are resonated by stimulated radiation amplification and necessary feedback, produce collimation, it is monochromatic,
The process of relevant directional beam.Laser technology originates from phase early 1960s, be 20th century with atomic energy, semiconductor,
One of computer four inventions of great significance equally celebrated for their achievements.So far, the products ＆ services related to laser have spread all over the world, and form rich
Rich and huge laser industry.It has penetrated into all trades and professions, forms more complete industrial chain distribution.Industrial chain upstream
Main to include optical material and component, middle reaches are mainly various lasers and its corollary equipment, and downstream is then produced with laser application
Product, consumer products, based on instrument and equipment.Three during the last ten years, and the laser technology based on laser has obtained rapidly in China
Development, be widely used in industrial production, communication, information processing, health care, military affairs, culture and education and scientific research
Etc. every field, good economic benefit and social benefit are achieved, national economy and social development will be played more and more heavy
The effect wanted.
The appearance of laser industry has promoted the development of opto-electronics, is the pillar industry of information industry.Ground according to prediction industry
Study carefully institute's measuring and calculating, domestic laser industry market scale is at 130,000,000,000 yuan or so within 2014.During to immediate objective in 2016, laser light production
The industry output value is estimated to surpass 400,000,000,000 yuan, and value added exceeds 100 billion.Laser industry garden it is built and under construction more than 16.I
Current laser enterprise of state has more than 3000.Laser industry is in rapid growth period.Global energy laser and information laser
The gross output value is more than 100,000,000,000 dollars, wherein 30,000,000,000 dollars of energy laser industry, and the Income situation of enterprise leading in the world shows：It is whole
The increasing degree of volumetric laser industry will be 10% or so；Leading companies growth rate with advanced technology will be more than 50%；Laser
Equipment entirety sales volume is larger by macro-economy influence.Laser product Aero-Space, the energy, communications and transportation, Medical Devices with
And the market segment that metallic article etc. is not influenceed by economic recession, achievement increase good.The sales volume of global laser in 2016
10,400,000,000 dollars are risen to, 97.1 hundred million dollars of sales volume more revised than 2015 increases about 7.1%, global manufacturing market warp
Cross after the steady development of 2 years and gradually recover to increase.With the upgrading of manufacturing equipment, it is contemplated that global laser sale in 2017
Volume is up to 11,000,000,000 dollars.
In laser industry, laser boring is indispensable in current small hole machined and widely used Laser Processing side
One of method.The method of traditional aluminium alloy processing through hole has stamping, drilling machine drilling and electric spark, however, these processing methods
The problem of aluminum alloy materials deformation and processing efficiency can not be overcome, for example, requirement of the stamping processing to drift is high and can meet
Processing efficiency requirement, but deformation is serious；Drilling machine drilling efficiency is low, deformation is relatively small, but drill bit consume cost is high；Electricity
Spark punching can meet deformation requirement, but efficiency is low, and metamorphic layer is easily produced in process, need to further be removed, and
And working solution is the surfaces externally and internally that mist of oil is liable to stick to aluminium alloy, it is difficult to disposably cleans up, adds subsequent treatment hardly possible
Degree.
For such case, it is proposed that a kind of technical method of low-cost aluminum Alloy by Laser punching.It is mainly utilized
After watery hydrochloric acid carries out pickling to aluminum alloy plate materials, it is placed in the mixed aqueous solution of ammonium chloride and zinc chloride and cleans up, then by aluminium
Alloy is placed in the Pb-Sn alloy plating bath of melting, after the completion of immersion plating, uses chromic anhydride as main salt Passivation Treatment, is formed gel and is protected
Film is protected, perforation processing is finally carried out to the aluminum alloy plate materials of gained using accurate digital control laser process equipment, phase is rationally set
Parameter is answered, it is controllable to obtain aperture, the less pore-forming of taper.By such a method, the pore-forming cone that can effectively enable aluminum alloy to
Degree reduces, and prevents liquid phase from splashing, while high in machining efficiency, and cost is low, and post processing is simple, achievable continuous production, and
Highly difficult material processing has excellent performance with into empty control aspect.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of low-cost aluminum Alloy by Laser cheesing techniques, can solve the tradition of laser boring
Method processing request is high, and deformation is serious, efficient under, the shortcomings of drill bit cost depletions are high, subsequent treatment difficulty is big, it is main
, one layer of pb-sn alloy plating creatively is covered in aluminum alloy surface, effectively reduces the taper of pore-forming, and prevent liquid phase
Splash, and the high efficiency and low cost of boring procedure can be ensured.
Concrete technical scheme of the present invention is as follows：
A kind of low-cost aluminum Alloy by Laser cheesing techniques, after carrying out pickling to aluminum alloy plate materials using watery hydrochloric acid, it is placed in ammonium chloride
With being cleaned up in the mixed aqueous solution of zinc chloride, then aluminium alloy is placed in the Pb-Sn alloy plating bath of melting, completed in immersion plating
Afterwards, chromic anhydride is used as main salt Passivation Treatment, gel protective film is formed, finally using accurate digital control laser process equipment to institute
Aluminum alloy plate materials carry out perforation processing, relevant parameter is rationally set, and it is controllable to obtain aperture, the less pore-forming of taper.Tool
Body step is as follows：
（1）One layer of pb-sn alloy plating is covered in aluminum alloy surface using the method for hot-dip：First with the relatively low watery hydrochloric acid of concentration
Pickling is carried out to aluminum alloy plate materials, removes the oxidation material and impurity on surface, is subsequently placed in the mixing water of ammonium chloride and zinc chloride
Cleaned up in solution.Aluminium alloy is placed in the Pb-Sn alloy plating bath of melting again, adds a certain amount of silicon and gallium, it is crisp to limit
Property layer growth, improve quality of coating.After the completion of immersion plating, chromic anhydride is used processing to be passivated to coating, on its surface for main salt
Form gel protective film；
（2）Laser boring：Using accurate digital control laser process equipment to step（1）The aluminum alloy plate materials of gained carry out punching and added
Work, rationally set and expand the parameters such as ratio, auxiliary gas atmosphere, pulse energy, pulse number, pulse width, pulse recurrence frequency,
It is controllable that aperture can be obtained, the less pore-forming of taper.
Preferably, step（1）The concentration of the watery hydrochloric acid is not higher than 5mol/L；
Preferably, step（1）The ammonium chloride is that equimolar mixes with zinc chloride, and the volumetric concentration of solution is 2 ~ 5mol/L；
Preferably, step（1）The quality proportioning of the Pb-Sn alloy plating bath is：Lead accounts for 70 ~ 80%, and tin accounts for 20 ~ 30%；
Preferably, step（1）The immersion plating temperature of the terne metal is 400 ~ 500 DEG C；
Preferably, step（1）The addition of the silicon is the 0.02 ~ 0.03% of plating solution quality, and the addition of gallium is plating solution quality
0.005~0.01%；
Preferably, step（1）The volumetric concentration of the chromic anhydride is 5 ~ 10g/L, and the pH value of passivating solution is 1 ~ 1.5；
Preferably, step（1）The passivation temperature is 15 ~ 35 DEG C, and passivation time is 30 ~ 90s；
Preferably, step（2）The laser wavelength of the laser drilling device is 1064nm, and spot diameter is 0.3 ~ 1.0nm；
Preferably, step（2）Described to expand than being arranged to 2.5 ~ 4.5, auxiliary gas atmosphere is arranged to 2 ~ 3bar；
Preferably, step（2）The pulse energy is arranged to 1.0 ~ 2.5J, and pulse number is arranged to 150, and pulse width is set
For 1ms, pulse recurrence frequency is arranged to 20 ~ 30Hz；
Preferably, step（2）The defocusing amount should be 0mm.
In the parameter setting of laser boring, the influence of many factors is considered.Expand compare the influence in upper hole aperture compared with
It is small, because expanding than diminishing, hot spot can be caused to become big, energy density reduces, and upper aperture is smaller, and when expanding than becoming big, hot spot
Diminish, although energy density is high, limited by spot size, upper aperture is still smaller；Expand compare the influence in lower aperture compared with
Greatly, expand than bigger, the hot spot of lower surface is bigger, and lower aperture becomes big, and expands than smaller, and depth of focus is longer, and lower aperture can also become
Greatly, therefore expanded in larger or smaller than under, lower aperture size can all become big.And aid in gas atmosphere to upper pore size influences not
Greatly, lower aperture can reduce with the increase of auxiliary gas atmosphere.When aiding in gas atmosphere excessive, liquid during punching is influenced whether
The removal of metal, hole is caused to punch.Pulse energy increase, upper aperture and lower aperture all increase, and advantageously form preferably
Pass, this is due to that energy is higher, and the fluent material of removal is more, and aperture is bigger.But when energy increases, taper can also increase
Greatly, and hole forming quality it is poor, therefore pulse energy should be arranged in relatively low scope.
The invention provides a kind of low-cost aluminum Alloy by Laser cheesing techniques, compared with prior art, the characteristics of it is protruded
It is with excellent effect：
1. the laser drilling that the present invention uses, the pore-forming taper that can effectively enable aluminum alloy to reduces, and prevents liquid phase from flying
Splash；
2. the laser drilling that the present invention uses, high in machining efficiency, cost is low, and post processing is simple, and continuous production can be achieved；
3. the laser drilling that the present invention uses, how the hardness of tube material can not punch successfully, be to process material in hardly possible
The optimal selection of aperture processing is carried out on material；
4. the laser drilling that the present invention uses, the parameters of laser by the method for numerical simulation, can be preset, from
And pore-forming control is realized, it is adapted to wide popularization and application.
Embodiment
Below by way of embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, but this should not be interpreted as to the model of the present invention
Enclose and be only limitted to following example.In the case where not departing from above method thought of the present invention, according to ordinary skill knowledge
The various replacements or change made with customary means, should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
The detailed process of a kind of low-cost aluminum Alloy by Laser cheesing techniques, its aluminum alloy heat immersion plating processing and laser boring is as follows：
One layer of pb-sn alloy plating is covered in aluminum alloy surface using the method for hot-dip first：First it is not higher than using concentration
5mol/L watery hydrochloric acid carries out pickling to aluminum alloy plate materials, removes the oxidation material and impurity on surface, be subsequently placed in ammonium chloride with
The concentration of zinc chloride equimolar mixing is to be cleaned up in the 5mol/L aqueous solution.Aluminium alloy is placed in the terne metal of melting again
In plating solution, immersion plating is carried out in 500 DEG C.The mass fraction of lead is 80% in terne metal, and the mass fraction of tin is 20%, is added
The gallium that the silicon and mass fraction that mass fraction is 0.03% are 0.01%, to limit the growth of brittle layer, improve quality of coating.Immersion plating
After the completion of, chromic anhydride is used as main salt, and configuration concentration is 5g/L passivating solution, and regulation pH value is 1.5, to plating at a temperature of 15 DEG C
Layer is passivated processing, and after 90s, gel protective film is formd on its surface；Then laser boring is carried out：Using precision
Digital control laser process equipment carries out perforation processing to the aluminum alloy plate materials after processing, and using argon gas, setting expands to aid in gas
Than for 4.5, auxiliary gas atmosphere is 3bar, and pulse energy 2.5J, pulse number is 150, pulse width 1ms, pulse
Repetition rate is 20Hz, defocusing amount 0mm, you can acquisition aperture is controllable on aluminum alloy plate materials, the less pore-forming of taper.
The pore-forming size of the aluminum alloy plate materials obtained to embodiment 1 is tested, obtained upper aperture, lower aperture and cone
Degree, as shown in table 1.
Embodiment 2
The detailed process of a kind of low-cost aluminum Alloy by Laser cheesing techniques, its aluminum alloy heat immersion plating processing and laser boring is as follows：
One layer of pb-sn alloy plating is covered in aluminum alloy surface using the method for hot-dip first：First it is not higher than using concentration
5mol/L watery hydrochloric acid carries out pickling to aluminum alloy plate materials, removes the oxidation material and impurity on surface, be subsequently placed in ammonium chloride with
The concentration of zinc chloride equimolar mixing is to be cleaned up in the 4mol/L aqueous solution.Aluminium alloy is placed in the terne metal of melting again
In plating solution, immersion plating is carried out in 450 DEG C.The mass fraction of lead is 75% in terne metal, and the mass fraction of tin is 25%, is added
The gallium that the silicon and mass fraction that mass fraction is 0.02% are 0.005%, to limit the growth of brittle layer, improve quality of coating.Leaching
After the completion of plating, chromic anhydride is used as main salt, and configuration concentration is 10g/L passivating solution, and regulation pH value is 1.5, at a temperature of 20 DEG C
Processing is passivated to coating, after 70s, gel protective film is formd on its surface；Then laser boring is carried out：Using
Accurate digital control laser process equipment carries out perforation processing to the aluminum alloy plate materials after processing, uses argon gas to aid in gas, sets
Expand than for 3.5, auxiliary gas atmosphere is 2.5bar, and pulse energy 2.0J, pulse number is 150, and pulse width is
1ms, pulse recurrence frequency 20Hz, defocusing amount 0mm, you can acquisition aperture is controllable on aluminum alloy plate materials, and taper is less
Pore-forming.
The pore-forming size of the aluminum alloy plate materials obtained to embodiment 2 is tested, obtained upper aperture, lower aperture and cone
Degree, as shown in table 1.
Embodiment 3
The detailed process of a kind of low-cost aluminum Alloy by Laser cheesing techniques, its aluminum alloy heat immersion plating processing and laser boring is as follows：
One layer of pb-sn alloy plating is covered in aluminum alloy surface using the method for hot-dip first：First it is not higher than using concentration
5mol/L watery hydrochloric acid carries out pickling to aluminum alloy plate materials, removes the oxidation material and impurity on surface, be subsequently placed in ammonium chloride with
The concentration of zinc chloride equimolar mixing is to be cleaned up in the 3mol/L aqueous solution.Aluminium alloy is placed in the terne metal of melting again
In plating solution, immersion plating is carried out in 400 DEG C.The mass fraction of lead is 70% in terne metal, and the mass fraction of tin is 30%, is added
The gallium that the silicon and mass fraction that mass fraction is 0.02% are 0.01%, to limit the growth of brittle layer, improve quality of coating.Immersion plating
After the completion of, chromic anhydride is used as main salt, and configuration concentration is 6g/L passivating solution, and regulation pH value is 1.5, to plating at a temperature of 25 DEG C
Layer is passivated processing, and after 40s, gel protective film is formd on its surface；Then laser boring is carried out：Using precision
Digital control laser process equipment carries out perforation processing to the aluminum alloy plate materials after processing, and using argon gas, setting expands to aid in gas
Than for 3, auxiliary gas atmosphere is 2.5bar, and pulse energy 1.0J, pulse number is 150, pulse width 1ms, pulse
Repetition rate is 30Hz, defocusing amount 0mm, you can acquisition aperture is controllable on aluminum alloy plate materials, the less pore-forming of taper.
The pore-forming size of the aluminum alloy plate materials obtained to embodiment 3 is tested, obtained upper aperture, lower aperture and cone
Degree, as shown in table 1.
Embodiment 4
The detailed process of a kind of low-cost aluminum Alloy by Laser cheesing techniques, its aluminum alloy heat immersion plating processing and laser boring is as follows：
One layer of pb-sn alloy plating is covered in aluminum alloy surface using the method for hot-dip first：First it is not higher than using concentration
5mol/L watery hydrochloric acid carries out pickling to aluminum alloy plate materials, removes the oxidation material and impurity on surface, be subsequently placed in ammonium chloride with
The concentration of zinc chloride equimolar mixing is to be cleaned up in the 3mol/L aqueous solution.Aluminium alloy is placed in the terne metal of melting again
In plating solution, immersion plating is carried out in 500 DEG C.The mass fraction of lead is 80% in terne metal, and the mass fraction of tin is 20%, is added
The gallium that the silicon and mass fraction that mass fraction is 0.03% are 0.005%, to limit the growth of brittle layer, improve quality of coating.Leaching
After the completion of plating, chromic anhydride is used as main salt, and configuration concentration is 8g/L passivating solution, and regulation pH value is 1.2, right at a temperature of 30 DEG C
Coating is passivated processing, and after 60s, gel protective film is formd on its surface；Then laser boring is carried out：Using essence
Close digital control laser process equipment carries out perforation processing to the aluminum alloy plate materials after processing, uses argon gas to aid in gas, sets and expand
Beam ratio is 3.5, and auxiliary gas atmosphere is 2bar, and pulse energy 2.5J, pulse number is 150, pulse width 1ms, arteries and veins
It is 25Hz, defocusing amount 0mm to rush repetition rate, you can acquisition aperture is controllable on aluminum alloy plate materials, the less pore-forming of taper.
The pore-forming size of the aluminum alloy plate materials obtained to embodiment 4 is tested, obtained upper aperture, lower aperture and cone
Degree, as shown in table 1.
Embodiment 5
The detailed process of a kind of low-cost aluminum Alloy by Laser cheesing techniques, its aluminum alloy heat immersion plating processing and laser boring is as follows：
One layer of pb-sn alloy plating is covered in aluminum alloy surface using the method for hot-dip first：First it is not higher than using concentration
5mol/L watery hydrochloric acid carries out pickling to aluminum alloy plate materials, removes the oxidation material and impurity on surface, be subsequently placed in ammonium chloride with
The concentration of zinc chloride equimolar mixing is to be cleaned up in the 3mol/L aqueous solution.Aluminium alloy is placed in the terne metal of melting again
In plating solution, immersion plating is carried out in 400 DEG C.The mass fraction of lead is 75% in terne metal, and the mass fraction of tin is 25%, is added
The gallium that the silicon and mass fraction that mass fraction is 0.025% are 0.005%, to limit the growth of brittle layer, improve quality of coating.Leaching
After the completion of plating, chromic anhydride is used as main salt, and configuration concentration is 8g/L passivating solution, and regulation pH value is 1, to plating at a temperature of 20 DEG C
Layer is passivated processing, and after 80s, gel protective film is formd on its surface；Then laser boring is carried out：Using precision
Digital control laser process equipment carries out perforation processing to the aluminum alloy plate materials after processing, and using argon gas, setting expands to aid in gas
Than for 4, auxiliary gas atmosphere is 3bar, and pulse energy 2.5J, pulse number is 150, pulse width 1ms, pulse weight
Complex frequency is 20Hz, defocusing amount 0mm, you can acquisition aperture is controllable on aluminum alloy plate materials, the less pore-forming of taper.
The pore-forming size of the aluminum alloy plate materials obtained to embodiment 5 is tested, obtained upper aperture, lower aperture and cone
Degree, as shown in table 1.
Embodiment 6
The detailed process of a kind of low-cost aluminum Alloy by Laser cheesing techniques, its aluminum alloy heat immersion plating processing and laser boring is as follows：
One layer of pb-sn alloy plating is covered in aluminum alloy surface using the method for hot-dip first：First it is not higher than using concentration
5mol/L watery hydrochloric acid carries out pickling to aluminum alloy plate materials, removes the oxidation material and impurity on surface, be subsequently placed in ammonium chloride with
The concentration of zinc chloride equimolar mixing is to be cleaned up in the 2mol/L aqueous solution.Aluminium alloy is placed in the terne metal of melting again
In plating solution, immersion plating is carried out in 400 DEG C.The mass fraction of lead is 80% in terne metal, and the mass fraction of tin is 20%, is added
The gallium that the silicon and mass fraction that mass fraction is 0.03% are 0.005%, to limit the growth of brittle layer, improve quality of coating.Leaching
After the completion of plating, chromic anhydride is used as main salt, and configuration concentration is 7g/L passivating solution, and regulation pH value is 1.5, right at a temperature of 35 DEG C
Coating is passivated processing, and after 50s, gel protective film is formd on its surface；Then laser boring is carried out：Using essence
Close digital control laser process equipment carries out perforation processing to the aluminum alloy plate materials after processing, uses argon gas to aid in gas, sets and expand
Beam ratio is 2.5, and auxiliary gas atmosphere is 2bar, and pulse energy 1.5J, pulse number is 150, pulse width 1ms, arteries and veins
It is 20Hz, defocusing amount 0mm to rush repetition rate, you can acquisition aperture is controllable on aluminum alloy plate materials, the less pore-forming of taper.
The pore-forming size of the aluminum alloy plate materials obtained to embodiment 6 is tested, obtained upper aperture, lower aperture and cone
Degree, as shown in table 1.
Embodiment 7
The detailed process of a kind of low-cost aluminum Alloy by Laser cheesing techniques, its aluminum alloy heat immersion plating processing and laser boring is as follows：
One layer of pb-sn alloy plating is covered in aluminum alloy surface using the method for hot-dip first：First it is not higher than using concentration
5mol/L watery hydrochloric acid carries out pickling to aluminum alloy plate materials, removes the oxidation material and impurity on surface, be subsequently placed in ammonium chloride with
The concentration of zinc chloride equimolar mixing is to be cleaned up in the 4mol/L aqueous solution.Aluminium alloy is placed in the terne metal of melting again
In plating solution, immersion plating is carried out in 450 DEG C.The mass fraction of lead is 70% in terne metal, and the mass fraction of tin is 30%, is added
The gallium that the silicon and mass fraction that mass fraction is 0.02% are 0.01%, to limit the growth of brittle layer, improve quality of coating.Immersion plating
After the completion of, chromic anhydride is used as main salt, and configuration concentration is 5g/L passivating solution, and regulation pH value is 1.5, to plating at a temperature of 20 DEG C
Layer is passivated processing, and after 60s, gel protective film is formd on its surface；Then laser boring is carried out：Using precision
Digital control laser process equipment carries out perforation processing to the aluminum alloy plate materials after processing, and using argon gas, setting expands to aid in gas
Than for 3.5, auxiliary gas atmosphere is 2.5bar, and pulse energy 2.5J, pulse number is 150, pulse width 1ms, arteries and veins
It is 25Hz, defocusing amount 0mm to rush repetition rate, you can acquisition aperture is controllable on aluminum alloy plate materials, the less pore-forming of taper.
The pore-forming size of the aluminum alloy plate materials obtained to embodiment 7 is tested, obtained upper aperture, lower aperture and cone
Degree, as shown in table 1.
Table 1：
| Specific embodiment | Upper aperture（μm） | Lower aperture（μm） | Taper（°） |
| Embodiment 1 | 687 | 720 | -1.2 |
| Embodiment 2 | 780 | 790 | -0.8 |
| Embodiment 3 | 650 | 625 | 0.5 |
| Embodiment 4 | 695 | 720 | -1.4 |
| Embodiment 5 | 770 | 680 | 1.1 |
| Embodiment 6 | 648 | 730 | -1.5 |
| Embodiment 7 | 720 | 650 | 0.8 |
From table 1：
（1）In certain embodiments, it is negative value to calculate gained taper, and this is due to use argon gas to aid in gas, material thickness
Larger, it is less to reach the auxiliary gas of lower surface, and oxygen helps combustion effect to punching, causes lower aperture to be more than upper aperture.
（2）Laser boring is carried out to aluminum alloy plate materials using the method for the present invention, the aperture up and down of its hole can pass through ginseng
Number setting is controlled, and the taper of pore-forming is smaller.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of low-cost aluminum Alloy by Laser cheesing techniques, it is characterised in that pickling is carried out to aluminum alloy plate materials using watery hydrochloric acid
Afterwards, it is placed in the mixed aqueous solution of ammonium chloride and zinc chloride and cleans up, then aluminium alloy is placed in the Pb-Sn alloy plating bath of melting
In, after the completion of immersion plating, chromic anhydride is used as main salt Passivation Treatment, is formed gel protective film, is finally swashed using accurate digital control
Light process equipment carries out perforation processing to the aluminum alloy plate materials of gained, rationally sets relevant parameter, and it is controllable to obtain aperture, taper
Less pore-forming, preparation comprise the following steps that：
（1）One layer of pb-sn alloy plating is covered in aluminum alloy surface using the method for hot-dip：First with the relatively low watery hydrochloric acid of concentration
Pickling is carried out to aluminum alloy plate materials, removes the oxidation material and impurity on surface, is subsequently placed in the mixing water of ammonium chloride and zinc chloride
Cleaned up in solution；Aluminium alloy is placed in the Pb-Sn alloy plating bath of melting again, adds a certain amount of silicon and gallium, it is crisp to limit
Property layer growth, improve quality of coating；After the completion of immersion plating, chromic anhydride is used processing to be passivated to coating, on its surface for main salt
Form gel protective film；
（2）Laser boring：Using accurate digital control laser process equipment to step（1）The aluminum alloy plate materials of gained carry out punching and added
Work, rationally set and expand the parameters such as ratio, auxiliary gas atmosphere, pulse energy, pulse number, pulse width, pulse recurrence frequency,
It is controllable that aperture can be obtained, the less pore-forming of taper.
A kind of 2. low-cost aluminum Alloy by Laser cheesing techniques according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step（1）It is described dilute
The concentration of hydrochloric acid is not higher than 5mol/L.
A kind of 3. low-cost aluminum Alloy by Laser cheesing techniques according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step（1）The chlorine
It is that equimolar mixes to change ammonium with zinc chloride, and the volumetric concentration of solution is 2 ~ 5mol/L.
A kind of 4. low-cost aluminum Alloy by Laser cheesing techniques according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step（1）The lead
The quality proportioning of tin alloy plating solution is：Lead accounts for 70 ~ 80%, and tin accounts for 20 ~ 30%.
A kind of 5. low-cost aluminum Alloy by Laser cheesing techniques according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step（1）The lead
The immersion plating temperature of tin alloy is 400 ~ 500 DEG C.
A kind of 6. low-cost aluminum Alloy by Laser cheesing techniques according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step（1）The silicon
Addition be the 0.02 ~ 0.03% of plating solution quality, the addition of gallium is the 0.005 ~ 0.01% of plating solution quality；The body of the chromic anhydride
Product concentration is 5 ~ 10g/L, and the pH value of passivating solution is 1 ~ 1.5；The passivation temperature is 15 ~ 35 DEG C, and passivation time is 30 ~ 90s.
A kind of 7. low-cost aluminum Alloy by Laser cheesing techniques according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step（2）It is described to swash
The laser wavelength of light punch device is 1064nm, and spot diameter is 0.3 ~ 1.0nm.
A kind of 8. low-cost aluminum Alloy by Laser cheesing techniques according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step（2）The expansion
Beam ratio is arranged to 2.5 ~ 4.5, and auxiliary gas atmosphere is arranged to 2 ~ 3bar.
A kind of 9. low-cost aluminum Alloy by Laser cheesing techniques according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step（2）The arteries and veins
Rush energy and be arranged to 1.0 ~ 2.5J, pulse number is arranged to 150, and pulse width is arranged to 1ms, and pulse recurrence frequency is arranged to
20~30Hz。
A kind of 10. low-cost aluminum Alloy by Laser cheesing techniques according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step（2）It is described from
Jiao's amount should be 0mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710727156.3A CN107378273B (en) | 2017-08-23 | 2017-08-23 | A kind of aluminium alloy laser drilling |
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| CN109817895A (en) * | 2019-03-15 | 2019-05-28 | 湖北锂诺新能源科技有限公司 | A kind of high safety, the preparation method of high-performance lithium battery cathode electrode |
| CN113146153A (en) * | 2021-04-08 | 2021-07-23 | 新沂崚峻光电科技有限公司 | Manufacturing method of embossing template and embossing template |
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| CN103131986A (en) * | 2011-11-29 | 2013-06-05 | 贵州铝厂 | Low zinc hot dipping aluminium alloy plating material containing Ca multi-combination metamorphism |
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