CN107377580A - House refuse is reduced method of resource and buried type integrated device - Google Patents
House refuse is reduced method of resource and buried type integrated device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107377580A CN107377580A CN201710564151.3A CN201710564151A CN107377580A CN 107377580 A CN107377580 A CN 107377580A CN 201710564151 A CN201710564151 A CN 201710564151A CN 107377580 A CN107377580 A CN 107377580A
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- Prior art keywords
- rubbish
- fermentation
- refuse
- house refuse
- breaker
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 19
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 100
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010791 domestic waste Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003032 molecular docking Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000002906 microbiologic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 35
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 6
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 6
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 5
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010564 aerobic fermentation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002068 microbial inoculum Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005276 aerator Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008358 core component Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000628997 Flos Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010794 food waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002054 inoculum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011176 pooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013139 quantization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004056 waste incineration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B5/00—Operations not covered by a single other subclass or by a single other group in this subclass
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F9/00—Fertilisers from household or town refuse
- C05F9/02—Apparatus for the manufacture
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F9/00—Fertilisers from household or town refuse
- C05F9/04—Biological compost
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of house refuse decrement method of resource and buried type integrated device, belong to field of environment protection equipment.Method of resource is to be sent into installation for fermenting after house refuse is crushed in breaker to be fermented, and after screening, oversize feed back to breaker crushes together with Fresh Life rubbish for tunning.The present invention need not add microbial bacterial agent and related conditioner.Oversize is that particle is larger, ferment incomplete material, and microbiologic population's species is enriched.Feed back to fermenting in cylinder, can be achieved oversize in proportion：1) the incomplete oversize that ferments carries out secondary fermentation；2) it is fresh material microbe inoculation；3) fresh material moisture content and porosity are adjusted.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of environment protection equipment, and in particular to a kind of house refuse decrement method of resource and buried one
Makeup is put.
Background technology
2015, China's house refuse total output reached 1.92 hundred million tons, growing quantity of refuse and scarce capacity
Contradiction between end-o f-pipe -control facility highlights.Therefore,《" 13 " national application of city life garbage harmless treatment Facilities Construction rule
Draw (exposure draft)》Point out, municipality directly under the Central Government, cities specifically designated in the state plan and provincial capital (built-up areas) level of harmless treatment rate of life waste reach
To 100%；Other the planned city levels of harmless treatment rate of life waste reach more than 95% (except Xinjiang, Tibet), and county town (is built up
Area) level of harmless treatment rate of life waste reaches more than 80% (except Xinjiang, Tibet), organic town's level of harmless treatment rate of life waste
Reach more than 70%.But urban land resource is short, refuse landfill overload operation；Waste incineration neighbour keeps away operation and continued,
Newly-built incineration plant landing is difficult.Therefore, exploitation Sources decreasing resource treatment technique has important practical significance with corollary equipment.
At present, existing certain applications are in the minimizing resource technology and equipment in house refuse field, but existing equipment is certainly
Dynamicization degree is low, and microbial inoculum auxiliary material is costly, and floor space is big, and auxiliary facility is numerous and diverse, and secondary pollution is serious, and environmental sanitation condition is disliked
Of inferior quality problem, it is impossible to adapt to that land resource is in short supply and municipal refuse feature, seriously limit it is organic in domestic waste can be rotten
The recycling of composition and the Sources decreasing of house refuse.
In addition, existing waste reduction recycling equipment integrating largely uses composting mode, the compost in composting process
A product part is directly as feed back processing, and another part outward transport is as flowers matrix, organic fertilizer etc..Studied by applicant
It was found that although the compost product of feed back can carry out microbial inoculant to fresh material, but contained in this mode substantial amounts of
Decomposed material, therefore its porosity, content of microorganisms are relatively low, after being mixed with fresh material not only cause to be inoculated with it is micro-
Biomass deficiency, can also destroy aerobic fermentation environment in material.Therefore, a set of improved domestic waste of research and development is needed badly
Buried decrement recycling equipment integrating and its processing method, realize domestic waste Sources decreasing and recycling profit
With.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to solve problems of the prior art, and provide a kind of buried house refuse decrement
Resource integrated device and its processing method.
Concrete technical scheme of the present invention is as follows：
A kind of house refuse is reduced method of resource, is specially：Hair is sent into after house refuse is crushed in breaker
Ferment device is fermented, and after screening, oversize feed back to breaker is broken together with Fresh Life rubbish for tunning
It is broken.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of buried house refuse to be reduced resource integrated device, apparatus main body
Locate below ground level, and provided with the lifting structures for being used to apparatus main body lifting into ground；Apparatus main body includes breaker, hair
Ferment device, vibratory sieve and feeding back device, described breaker are arranged at below the charging aperture of apparatus main body, and breaker goes out
Material mouth connects the charging aperture of installation for fermenting, from the rubbish that the charging aperture of apparatus main body is fallen after breaker is broken, into hair
Ferment device ferments；The discharging opening rear end connection vibratory sieve of installation for fermenting, screenings are collected by collection device；The waste gas of installation for fermenting
Floss hole and discharge of wastewater mouth are respectively connecting to processing unit.
Preferably, being provided with refuse collector above described apparatus main body, refuse collector bottom opens up can
Control the garbage outlet of opening and closing, the charging aperture of garbage outlet docking facilities main body.
Further, described refuse collector bottom is provided with the pressure sensing dress for being used to sense garbage weight in bucket
Put, and be provided with bucket and be used to identify in bucket that the color sensor of refuse bag color to sense the magnetic for whether having metal in rubbish with being used for
Roller, pressure sensor device, color sensor and magnetic roller are connected to control device, the opening and closing for feedback control garbage outlet.
Preferably, described collection device and/or processing unit is separately provided with the act for its lifting to be gone out to ground
Rise structure.
Preferably, also including feeding back device, the oversize after vibratory sieve sieves is delivered to broken by feeding back device
In device, mixed with new refuse broken.
Preferably, being provided with condensate storage above material in the inner chamber of described installation for fermenting, fermented for collecting
During the condensed water that volatilizees and condense.
Preferably, the inner cavity top of described installation for fermenting forms triangle, both sides inclined-plane lower section by two inclined-planes
Guiding gutter being provided with, it is not back to fermentation materials with the condensation water collection on inclined-plane for will be condensed in fermentation process
In.
Preferably, described installation for fermenting uses layer-transferred fermentation reactor.
A further object of the present invention is to provide that a kind of (inside is provided with pressure sensing with refuse collector using above-mentioned
Device, color sensor and magnetic roller) integrated apparatus Domestic Waste Minimization method, comprise the following steps：
1) after rubbish is introduced into refuse collector, rubbish classification is identified with magnetic roller by color sensor, if
The sorting rubbish bag of entrance is recognized as non-targeted color or recognizes and metal in rubbish be present, then refuse collector, which is sent, carries
The awake notice person of tipping rubbish takes the rubbish away；The pressure sensor device record weight that refuse collector bottom is set, if rubbish is received
Rubbish in acquisition means exceedes when non-targeted color refuse bag or metal is not present in the rubbish of weight threshold and inside, unlatching rubbish
Rubbish collection device bottom opening, rubbish is set to enter breaker；
2) mixed material is broken after device crushes and entered in installation for fermenting, and rubbish is completed under the cooperation stirred and be aerated
Aerobic fermentation；Decomposed material enters vibratory sieve from the discharging opening of installation for fermenting after fermentation, and oversize enters vibratory sieve, and under sieving
Thing is collected into collection device；
3) collect to be lifted to more than ground by the collection device timing of screenings and carry out cleaning outward transport, and oversize is by modeling
It is delivered in breaker by feeding back device after material stripping, is together broken as feed back and Fresh Life rubbish；
4) processing unit is periodically lifted to more than ground, completes to be down to ground again after waste water outward transport or replacement
Below.
The present invention in terms of existing technologies, has the advantages that：
1st, the present invention can realize that land resource zero takes, and save construction investment, solve that urban land resource is in short supply asks
Topic.Buried house refuse is reduced into resource integrated device to be embedded in below cell classification refuse collector placement area,
In-situ treatment house refuse, refuse classification accuracy greatly improved, reduce Domestic Waste Collection freight volume, improve house refuse
Resource utilization rate, fertilizer product can also dissolve in the gardens in the region, reduce park maintenance expense.
2nd, the present invention need not add microbial bacterial agent and related conditioner.Vibratory sieve oversize is that particle is larger, fermented
Incomplete material, microbiologic population's species are enriched.Feed back to fermenting in cylinder, can be achieved oversize in proportion：1) ferment endless
Full oversize carries out secondary fermentation；2) it is fresh material microbe inoculation；3) fresh material moisture content and porosity are adjusted.
3rd, total system and apparatus structure of the present invention are compact, and convenient disassembly is easy to maintain.
4th, during hot fermentation, because microorganism heat production promotes substantial amounts of moisture to steam in conventional cylindrical tube body
Hair, forms more condensed water, this partial condensation water can be fallen in round again after aggregation, water at the top of cylinder
Fermentation temperature can be reduced, slow down material heating rate, reduce that material is decomposed and desiccation speed by point returning to material.The present invention is to fermentation
The inner barrel of container adds condensate storage, carries out choked flow to condensed water, it is ensured that fermentation temperature and heating rate, add
The desiccation of fast material with it is decomposed.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the overall structure diagram that buried house refuse is reduced resource integrated device in embodiment 1；
Fig. 2 is the core component arrangement schematic diagram that buried house refuse is reduced resource integrated device in embodiment 1；
Fig. 3 is the cross-sectional view of installation for fermenting in embodiment 1.
Fig. 4 is the external structure schematic diagram of refuse collector；
Fig. 5 is the structural perspective of refuse collector；
Fig. 6 is the core component arrangement schematic diagram that buried house refuse is reduced resource integrated device in embodiment 2；
In figure：Disintegrating machine 1, fermentation cylinder 2, elevator 3, vibratory sieve 4, collecting vessel 5, pulley 6, pollutant treatment equipment 7,
Blast pipe 8, hydraulic pressure lift bar 9, frame 10, refuse collector 11, bung 1101, side openings 1102, pressure sensor device
1103rd, apparatus main body charging aperture 1104, magnetic roller 1105, fermentation cylinder body 201, fermentation cylinder top cover 202, guiding gutter 203.
Embodiment
The present invention is further elaborated and illustrated with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.Each technology is special in the present invention
Sign can carry out respective combination on the premise of not colliding with each other.
Embodiment 1
As illustrated in fig. 1 and 2, a kind of buried house refuse is reduced resource integrated device, apparatus main body be located at ground with
Under, the structures of storing apparatus main body can be excavated in advance.Apparatus main body includes disintegrating machine 1, fermentation cylinder 2, vibratory sieve 4 and feed back
Device, for integral erection in the frame 10 of a steel construction, frame is respectively arranged with hydraulic pressure lift bar 9, hydraulic pressure on 10 4 angles
The bottom of lifting arm 9 is supported on the underground structure bottom surface of storing apparatus main body, for apparatus main body lifting to be gone out into ground.This
In embodiment, fermentation cylinder 2 uses the layer-transferred fermentation reactor provided in Application No. 201510981168.X patent of invention,
I.e. reactor includes cylinder and agitating device, and agitating device includes：One central shaft, one be used for axially push material it is defeated
Square auger, conveyor screw are fixed on the central shaft side and are in tapering type extension from shaft end to axle centre position with one heart, Yi Jiruo
Dry stirrer paddle, stirrer paddle are coaxially fixed on the central shaft opposite side with conveyor screw.Central shaft is arranged concentrically in cylinder,
Cylinder sets charging aperture close to conveyor screw side, and discharging opening is provided with close to stirrer paddle side.The laying standard of stirrer paddle is：
The push power along central shaft axial direction is not produced in rotary course, a kind of implementation is that multi-disc stirrer paddle is laid in central shaft
Different sagittal planes on, and the paddle type that the stirrer paddle in each plane is formed is that straight leaf opens turbine type.The reaction
Device can realize to form layering fermentation system by agitating device, improve exported product quality.
Disintegrating machine 1 is arranged at below the charging aperture of apparatus main body, and the charging aperture of apparatus main body concordantly can be set with ground,
For supplying user's garbage throwing.The discharging opening of disintegrating machine 1 is above the charging aperture of fermentation cylinder 2, from the charging aperture of apparatus main body
The rubbish fallen ferments after disintegrating machine 1 is broken into fermentation cylinder 2.Ferment cylinder 2 discharging opening rear end by elevator 3 by thing
Material is promoted on vibratory sieve 4.After material is sieved by vibratory sieve 4, it is divided into oversize and screenings, screenings is to reach decomposed requirement
The less fermented product of particle is directly collected by collecting vessel 5；Screenings purity belongs to decomposed biomass resource more than 95%,
Can be directly agricultural.And oversize particle is larger, still stay on compass screen surface, it is not yet completely decomposed to reach fermentation requirement.Oversize
It can in advance be stored in collection vessel or be directly delivered to by feeding back devices such as conveyer belts in disintegrating machine 1, with fresh rubbish
Rubbish mixing is broken.There is abundant microbiologic population's species, compared to directly addition microbial bacterial agent in the oversize of vibratory sieve 4
Method or the method by the direct feed back of tunning, by oversize feed back be advantageous to ferment incomplete oversize carry out it is secondary
Fermentation, while fresh material moisture content and porosity can also be adjusted.
Ferment the Waste gas outlet of cylinder 2 and discharge of wastewater mouth is respectively connecting to pollutant treatment equipment 7, at waste water and gas
The gas of reason equipment 7 is led to more than ground by blast pipe 8.And collecting vessel 5 and pollutant treatment equipment 7 be separately provided it is useful
In the lifting structures that its lifting is gone out to ground, individually it can be transported outward and be overhauled.
As shown in figure 3, the fermentation cylinder 2 of the present embodiment is made up of fermentation cylinder body 201 and fermentation cylinder top cover 202, ferment cylinder
Top cover 202 forms triangle by two inclined-planes, guiding gutter 203 is provided with below the inclined-plane of both sides, for by fermentation process
Condense makes it not be back in fermentation materials with the condensation water collection on inclined-plane.Certainly, the cylinder top cover 202 that ferments can not also be set as
Triangle, other shapes can be arranged as required into.Guiding gutter 203 is also only a kind of realization side of condensed water choke apparatus
Formula, choked flow can also be realized by modes such as baffle plate, block, screen cloths, as long as can prevent condensing droplet from falling within surface of material i.e.
Can.
Above-mentioned integrated apparatus can integrally be embedded in below ground, without taking ground space, but also can be effective
Secondary pollution (waste gas, waste water) is controlled, builds good environmental sanitation condition.
Whole integrated apparatus can realize Automated condtrol by PLC, be subtracted using the house refuse of the integrated apparatus
Quantization method is specific as follows：
1) rubbish pours into the charging aperture that apparatus main body is arranged on ground, and disintegrating machine 1 is then mixed into oversize.
2) rubbish material is crushed into the particle that particle diameter is less than 3cm~5cm, then under the shearing, extruding of broken cutter tooth
In fermentation cylinder 2 immediately below falling to, and material is axially promoted by the conveyor screw inside fermentation cylinder 2, rubbish is being stirred and exposed
The aerobic fermentation of 8~10 days is completed under the cooperation of gas.
3) discharge hole for discharge of decomposed material from the fermentation other end of cylinder 2 falls to the vibratory sieve 4 of underface, and screenings enters
Enter in collecting vessel 5.
4) collecting vessel 5 is periodically lifted to more than ground and is cleared up and transported outward, by artificial after oversize completion plastics stripping
Or by being mixed at feeding back device automatic transport to disintegrating machine 1 with new refuse, carry out microbe inoculation as feed back, while
Moisture content and porosity can be adjusted.
5) when the waste water liquid level in pollutant treatment equipment 7 reaches liquid level gauge or exhaust-gas treatment filler needs to change,
Pollutant treatment equipment 7 is lifted to more than ground, completes to be down to below ground again after waste water outward transport or replacement.
In general, collecting vessel 5 need to be lifted to more than ground daily completes organic fertilizer outward transport, pollutant treatment equipment
7, which are periodically lifted to ground, carries out waste water outward transport, exhaust-gas treatment replacement, and fermentation cylinder 2, screening machine and other unit modules only exist
Lifted during maintenance.
Disintegrating machine 1 PLC program control under can forward and reverse, if there is stall situation, PLC to the motor of disintegrating machine 1 send out
Stop signal is sent, 15s is waited and then sends reverse signal to disintegrating machine 1, after inverting 30s, send positive rotaring signal, release
The stall failure of disintegrating machine 1.
Temperature sensor, humidity sensor and oxygen concentration sensor can be set in fermenter to examine internal yeasting
Survey, while set resistance heater, aerator and stirring motor (being used to drive central shaft) to be carried out with negative pressure ventilation motor
Ambient parameter adjusts.In order to ensure good rubbish fermentation effect, following technology controlling and process can be carried out in fermentation process：If temperature
During less than 55 DEG C, PLC sends signal to resistance heater, and heater turns off after being opened into temperature more than 55 DEG C.If in addition,
Oxygen concentration be less than 10% when, aerator start to oxygen concentration be more than 15% after stop aeration.
Humidity sensor detects a static headspace gas humidity in fermentation cylinder 2>Temperature when 60% or in cylinder>At 70 DEG C, PLC is to hair
The stirring motor of ferment cylinder 2 sends working signal with negative pressure ventilation motor, when cylinder static headspace gas humidity<Temperature when 50% or in cylinder<70℃
Afterwards, PLC sends silence signal.
Embodiment 2
In the present embodiment, the main part of integrated apparatus is same as Example 1, but refuse collector has been carried out excellent
Change design, to improve the rubbish content of organic matter into integrated apparatus.As shown in Figures 4 and 5, in the present embodiment, refuse collection
The bottom of device 11 is provided with the pressure sensor device 1103 for being used for garbage weight in 4 sensing buckets, and is provided with bucket and is used to identify bucket
The color sensor of interior refuse bag color senses the magnetic roller 1105 for whether having metal in rubbish, pressure sensor device with being used for
1103rd, color sensor and magnetic roller 1105 are connected to control device, the opening and closing for feedback control garbage outlet.User passes through
Open bung 1101 to lose rubbish in refuse collector, can also take rubbish away from side openings 1102.
The species of rubbish can be identified by color sensor and magnetic roller, rejects the rubbish that can not be degraded.Color sensor
Identification be to be realized based on refuse bag color, in the refuse classification system carried out energetically in current city, the rubbish of rubbish from cooking
Rubbish bag thinks that this rubbish is not food waste rubbish typically using green if the sorting rubbish bag for recognizing entrance is non-green
Rubbish.And magnetic roller is due to magnetic, therefore it can recognize and whether there is metal in rubbish.Received if both recognize into rubbish
The rubbish of acquisition means is not rubbish from cooking or metal be present, then sends alarm sound, and prompting need to open from refuse collector side
Mouth takes the rubbish away；If the sorting rubbish bag for recognizing entrance is green (organic domestic waste) and recognized in the absence of metal,
Alarm is not sent then.When the garbage weight in the refuse collector that pressure sensor device senses exceedes predetermined value, bucket bottom
Open, rubbish is crushed from apparatus main body charging aperture 1104 into disintegrating machine 1.
Whole integrated apparatus and refuse collector can realize Automated condtrol by PLC, integrally be disguised using this
The Domestic Waste Minimization method put is specific as follows：
Rubbish is poured into refuse collector, and rubbish classification is identified with magnetic roller by color sensor, if identification
Sorting rubbish bag to entrance for non-targeted color or recognizes and metal in rubbish be present, then it is logical to send prompting for refuse collector
Know that the person of tipping rubbish takes the rubbish away；The pressure sensor device record weight that refuse collector bottom is set, if refuse collection fills
When the rubbish put in the rubbish of weight threshold and inside more than non-targeted color refuse bag or metal is not present, opens rubbish and receive
Acquisition means bottom opening, rubbish is entered disintegrating machine 1, new refuse is mixed with oversize feed back and crushed.
Follow-up handling process is identical with embodiment.
Embodiment 3
Compared with Example 2, the difference of the present embodiment is rounded at the top of the fermentation cylinder of cylinder 2, is not provided with condensate liquid
Collecting tank, as shown in Figure 6.The condensed water for volatilizing and condensing in fermentation process is still back in fermentation materials.
The crucial of the present invention is fermented being sent into installation for fermenting after house refuse is crushed in breaker, is fermented
After screening, oversize feed back to breaker crushes together with Fresh Life rubbish for product.Above three embodiment
Integrated apparatus is used equally for fermenting to house refuse in the case where that need not add microbial bacterial agent and related conditioner.
If the present invention combines the effect data of dry test below, so that those skilled in the art are better understood upon each improvement of the present invention
The effect risen.
Experiment 1
This experiment uses the integrated apparatus of embodiment 2, specifically follows the steps below:
1) rubbish from cooking of classification is poured into refuse collector successively, and the non-organic rubbish of alarm is taken out from side,
Refuse collector records weight 50kg, by the oversize feed back 15kg of plastics stripping, is crushed together with fresh rubbish from cooking
Enter afterwards in fermentation cylinder 2.
2) operational factor is adjusted to：Cylinder temperature of fermenting is more than 55 DEG C, using intermittent aerating, aeration quantity 350L/min, is exposed
Gas frequency 1min/40min, negative pressure ventilation are 10min/2h discontinuous operations, total fermentation time 15 days.During the fermentation, ferment
Cylinder static headspace gas humidity in cylinder>When 60% or when temperature reaches 70 DEG C, PLC to display signal an alert, meanwhile, PLC to
Stirring motor and negative pressure exhausting motor send working signal, heap body turning, amount of heat loss and are pulled out cylinder, cylinder static headspace gas
Humidity<50% or after temperature drops to less than 67 DEG C, stirring motor is stopped with pumping blower fan；Oxygen concentration is less than 10%,
PLC to display signal an alert, meanwhile, PLC sends working signal to air compressor machine, etc. oxygen concentration be more than 15% after, PLC
Silence signal is sent to air compressor machine.
Experiment 2
This experiment uses the integrated apparatus of embodiment 2, but oversize does not do feed back processing, specifically enters according to following steps
OK：
1) rubbish from cooking of classification is poured into refuse collector successively, and the non-organic rubbish of alarm is taken out from side,
Refuse collector records weight 50kg, adds microbial bacterial agent according to 2.0% ratio, enters after refuse breaking in fermentation cylinder 2.
2) follow-up operation parameter regulation is consistent with experiment 1.
Experiment 3
This experiment uses the integrated apparatus of embodiment 2, specifically follows the steps below：
1) rubbish from cooking of classification is poured into refuse collector successively, and the non-organic rubbish of alarm is taken out from side,
Refuse collector records weight 50kg, does not add any microbial bacterial agent or tunning feed back, rubbish from cooking crushes laggard
Enter to ferment in cylinder 2.
2) follow-up operation parameter regulation is consistent with experiment 1.
Experiment 4
This experiment uses the integrated apparatus of embodiment 2, but tunning is not sieved, specifically according to following steps
Carry out：
1) rubbish from cooking of classification is poured into refuse collector successively, and the non-organic rubbish of alarm is taken out from side,
Refuse collector records weight 50kg, is not sieved by the tunning of plastics stripping, directly takes 15kg feed backs, and fresh
Rubbish from cooking enters after crushing together in fermentation cylinder 2.
2) follow-up operation parameter regulation is consistent with experiment 1.
Experiment 5
This experiment uses the integrated apparatus of embodiment 1, specifically follows the steps below：
1) rubbish from cooking is directly poured into refuse collector without classification, by the rubbish with testing 1 identical weight
And mixed by the oversize feed back 15kg of plastics stripping, enter after crushing together in fermentation cylinder 2.
2) follow-up operation parameter regulation is consistent with experiment 1.
Experiment 6
This experiment uses the integrated apparatus of embodiment 3, test procedure and technological parameter identical with experiment 1.
Above-mentioned each experiment procedure parameter and tunning performance are as follows, and 1d represents compost the 1st day, and remaining is similar：
The feed back of table 1, addition microbial inoculum, not influence of the feed back to fermentation process
Testing the difference of 1, experiment 2 and experiment 3 is：Experiment 1 with the addition of carries out feed back, examination by the oversize of plastics stripping
Test 2 and with the addition of microbial bacterial agent promotion fermentation, experiment 3 is added without feed back without microbial inoculum.Material is sent out by the aerobic high-heat of 15 days
After ferment, material is substantially decomposed, and the screenings after screening is the decomposed material of particle diameter very little, and oversize is that particle is larger, fermented not
Complete material.The incomplete material of this Partial digestion contains substantial amounts of superior microorganism still in the interstage of fermentation, compared with
Microbial bacterial agent on the market or not the operation of feed back more efficiently can be inoculated with for fresh material, increase microorganism
Amount, accelerate material programming rate, accelerate the degraded of organic matter and the desiccation of moisture.Meanwhile the incomplete thing of this Partial fermentation
Material realizes secondary degraded, improves equipment own resources efficiency.Finally, in three contrast tests, 1 seed hair is tested
It is substantially more preferable to indicate the decomposed degree of material in experiment 1 apparently higher than experiment 2 and experiment 3 for bud rate.
Experiment 1 and experiment 4 difference be：Experiment 4 has carried out feed back after plastics stripping does not sieve.Feed back operation be by
Feed back and fresh material are fermented according to certain ratio mixing, are tested 4 pairs of materials and are not sieved, hair is contained in feed back
The complete material of ferment, the moisture content of fresh material is have adjusted to a certain extent, but the inoculation for microorganism is without the effect of experiment 1
Fruit is obvious, and microbe inoculation amount is on the low side.And because the particle diameter of decomposed material is smaller, the hole between fresh material is plugged, is made
Into sluggish in air circulation, anoxic even anaerobic environment is formed, is unfavorable for aerobic fermentation.
Experiment 1 and experiment 5 difference be：The fresh material of experiment 5 does not identify by front end classification garbage can, is mixed into
Many non-rubbishes from cooking, material heating rate are decreased obviously, and the content of organic matter is low, and its degradation rate is relatively low, final material fermentation
Not exclusively, decomposed degree is low.
Experiment 1 and experiment 6 difference be：Experiment 6 employs the circular fermentation cylinder in embodiment 3, and originally material heating is just
Often, when a large amount of microbial degradation organic matters, substantial amounts of heat is generated.It is changed into after moisture absorption among material heat
Vapor evaporation rises, and is partly pulled out fermentation cylinder, and the steam for having little time to take away up runs into that to be condensed into liquid behind cylinder top attached
At top, surface of material is fallen to again after pooling drop afterwards.The specific heat capacity of water is very big, and a large amount of condensed waters absorb heat
Amount, reduces the temperature of material in itself, has slowed down the process of whole fermentation, finally have impact on rotten degree and water after material fermentation
Divide and remove.
Embodiment described above is a kind of preferable scheme of the present invention, and so it is not intended to limiting the invention.Have
The those of ordinary skill of technical field is closed, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, various changes can also be made
Change and modification.Therefore the technical scheme that all modes for taking equivalent substitution or equivalent transformation are obtained, the guarantor of the present invention is all fallen within
In the range of shield.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of house refuse is reduced method of resource, it is characterised in that is sent into after house refuse is crushed in breaker
Installation for fermenting is fermented, tunning after screening, by oversize feed back to breaker, together with Fresh Life rubbish
It is broken.
2. a kind of buried house refuse is reduced resource integrated device, it is characterised in that apparatus main body locates below ground level, and
Provided with the lifting structures for apparatus main body lifting to be gone out to ground；Apparatus main body include breaker, installation for fermenting, vibratory sieve and
Feeding back device, described breaker are arranged at below the charging aperture of apparatus main body, the discharging opening connection fermentation dress of breaker
The charging aperture put, from the rubbish that the charging aperture of apparatus main body is fallen after breaker is broken, fermented into installation for fermenting；Fermentation
The discharging opening rear end connection vibratory sieve of device, screenings are collected by collection device；Waste gas outlet and the waste water row of installation for fermenting
Put mouth and be respectively connecting to processing unit.
3. buried house refuse as claimed in claim 2 is reduced resource integrated device, it is characterised in that described device
Refuse collector is provided with above main body, refuse collector bottom opens up the garbage outlet of controllable opening and closing, garbage outlet
The charging aperture of docking facilities main body.
4. buried house refuse as claimed in claim 3 is reduced resource integrated device, it is characterised in that described rubbish
Collection device bottom is provided with the pressure sensor device for being used for sensing garbage weight in bucket, and is provided with bucket and is used to identify rubbish in bucket
The color sensor of bag color with for sensing the magnetic roller that whether has metal in rubbish, pressure sensor device, color sensor and
Magnetic roller is connected to control device, the opening and closing for feedback control garbage outlet.
5. buried house refuse as claimed in claim 2 is reduced resource integrated device, it is characterised in that described collection
Device and/or processing unit are separately provided with the lifting structures for its lifting to be gone out to ground.
6. buried house refuse as claimed in claim 2 is reduced resource integrated device, it is characterised in that also including feed back
Device, the oversize after vibratory sieve sieves are delivered in breaker by feeding back device, are mixed with new refuse broken.
7. buried house refuse as claimed in claim 2 is reduced resource integrated device, it is characterised in that described fermentation
Condensate storage is provided with above material in the inner chamber of device, for collecting the condensed water for volatilizing and condensing in fermentation process.
8. buried house refuse as claimed in claim 2 is reduced resource integrated device, it is characterised in that described fermentation
The inner cavity top of device forms triangle by two inclined-planes, guiding gutter is provided with below the inclined-plane of both sides, for that will ferment
Condensed in journey makes it not be back in fermentation materials with the condensation water collection on inclined-plane.
9. buried house refuse as claimed in claim 2 is reduced resource integrated device, it is characterised in that described fermentation
Device uses layer-transferred fermentation reactor.
A kind of 10. Domestic Waste Minimization method using integrated apparatus as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that including
Following steps：
1) after rubbish is introduced into refuse collector, rubbish classification is identified with magnetic roller by color sensor, if identification
Sorting rubbish bag to entrance for non-targeted color or recognizes and metal in rubbish be present, then it is logical to send prompting for refuse collector
Know that the person of tipping rubbish takes the rubbish away；The pressure sensor device record weight that refuse collector bottom is set, if refuse collection fills
When the rubbish put in the rubbish of weight threshold and inside more than non-targeted color refuse bag or metal is not present, opens rubbish and receive
Acquisition means bottom opening, rubbish is set to enter breaker；
2) mixed material is broken after device crushes and entered in installation for fermenting, and rubbish is completed aerobic under the cooperation stirred and be aerated
Fermentation；Decomposed material enters vibratory sieve from the discharging opening of installation for fermenting after fermentation, and oversize enters vibratory sieve, and screenings quilt
Collect to collection device；
3) collect to be lifted to more than ground by the collection device timing of screenings and carry out cleaning outward transport, and oversize blows by plastics
It is delivered in breaker by feeding back device after de-, is together broken as feed back and Fresh Life rubbish；
4) processing unit is periodically lifted to more than ground, complete waste water outward transport or replacement after be down to again ground with
Under.
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| CN201710564151.3A CN107377580B (en) | 2017-07-12 | 2017-07-12 | Household garbage reduction recycling method and buried integrated device |
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| CN201710564151.3A CN107377580B (en) | 2017-07-12 | 2017-07-12 | Household garbage reduction recycling method and buried integrated device |
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| CN110407616A (en) * | 2019-02-21 | 2019-11-05 | 浙江大学 | The perishable rubbish glass sunlight house composting facilities in rural area and its compost method |
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Denomination of invention: Methods for Reducing and Resourcing Domestic Waste and Buried Integrated Devices Effective date of registration: 20231007 Granted publication date: 20230718 Pledgee: Guotou Taikang Trust Co.,Ltd. Pledgor: ZHEJIANG CHUANCHAO ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION TECHNOLOGY CO.,LTD. Registration number: Y2023980059644 |
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