A kind of processing method of fragrans seed
Technical field
The invention belongs to sweet osmanthus planting technology fields, and in particular to a kind of processing method of fragrans seed.
Background technology
Sweet osmanthus is the flower that people extremely like, and has the good reputation of ten big famous flowers.China sweet osmanthus in 1771 through Guangzhou,
India is passed to Britain, is hereafter rapidly developed in Britain.Many countries American-European now and Southeast Asian countries have cultivation, development ten
Divide rapidly, however the rest period of fragrans seed is long, can go mouldy if preservation is improper, germination percentage is caused to reduce.Seed
It is fettered with hard kind shell, again containing higher germination inhicbitor, and there is one layer of colloid in seed in kind shell, is not easy to absorb
Moisture, the emergence rate of sowing in the field seed is very low, so the dormancy time for breaking seed is very necessary.
It is existing for fragrans seed processing method it is more, such as application No. is:201510110610.1 a kind of disclosed rush
The method sprouted into fragrans seed combines 50% NaOH solution using wet sand lamination and handles fragrans seed, is effectively shortened osmanthus
Flower seed stratification duration and seed sprout time, improve germination percentage;Application No. is:201210088711.X disclosed one
In the seed treatment step of kind sweet osmanthus method for cultivating seedlings, seed is first impregnated, then use cold plasma with liquor potassic permanganate
Processing, is then impregnated with Gibberellins solution, then with dioxygen water process, finally carries out accumulation processing with wet sand, can be sent out improving
While bud rate, and the processing cost of seed is saved, while solve the problems such as germination is slow, emergence is irregular.It is existing
Processing for seed is mostly to be promoted based on the germination of fragrans seed, promotes the production quantity of seedling, and then to improve plantation effect
Benefit, the fresh rare seed treatment to by sweet osmanthus improve the processing method of sweet osmanthus nutritive value.
Fashion is increasingly becoming using flowers as a kind of novel cuisines raw material in recent years, to flower nutrition product Quality Research
Gradually carrying out.Not only contain volatile oil in sweet osmanthus, at the same also containing the nutrition such as mineral element, protein and amino acid into
Point, it is edible, medicinal and for health care etc., it is the edible treasure of ecosystem.Therefore the nutritional quality for improving sweet osmanthus is equally to be promoted
The effective means of planting benefit.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is being directed to the problem of existing, a kind of processing method of fragrans seed is provided.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
A kind of processing method of fragrans seed, includes the following steps:
(1)It is prepared by seed:
During 3 ~ April, when the pericarp color of sweet osmanthus fruit is changed into hyacinthine by green, by fruit from tree body
It takes, fruit is then put into immersion treatment 20 in clear water ~ for 24 hours, stranding goes after pulp that seed is put into clear water again to impregnate
Handle 16 ~ 20h, skim the seed swum on the water surface, pull out and sink to water-bed seed, be finally placed on shady place air-dry it is spare;
(2)Seed single treatment:
A. by step(1)Treated, and seed is put into seed-soaking liquid, is taken out after 2 ~ 3h of immersion treatment spare;The leaching
Each ingredient and its corresponding parts by weight are in kind liquid:8 ~ 12 parts of chitosans, 10 ~ 15 parts of glucose, 6 ~ 10 parts of nucleotide, 3 ~ 5 parts of boron
Sand, 2 ~ 4 parts of ferrous sulfate, 0.1 ~ 0.2 part of Prohexadione calcium, 150 ~ 200 parts of water;
B. will operation a treated that seed is put into60Radiation treatment is carried out in Co- gamma-ray irradiation instrument, after handling 90min
Seed is taken out spare;
(3)Seed after-treatment:
A. by step(2)Treated, and seed is put into ultrasonic irradiation instrument is ultrasonically treated, will kind after 6 ~ 8min
Son takes out spare;
B. will operation a treated that seed is put into insulating box, it is 3 ~ 5 DEG C to keep the temperature in insulating box, at heat preservation
It is taken out after 12 ~ 15min of reason spare;
C. will operation b treated that seed is placed again into ultrasonic irradiation instrument is ultrasonically treated, carry out repeating behaviour
Make the processing of a, this operation a and operation b two steps operations are combined into a circular treatment, amount to and carry out 4 ~ 5 circular treatments to seed
After take out it is spare;
(4)Keep the temperature vernalization processing:
By step(3)Treated, and seed is put into germinating box, and it is 26 ~ 27 DEG C to keep the temperature in germinating box, relatively
Humidity is 80 ~ 85%, and vernalization is taken out and can be sowed after handling 5 ~ 7h.
Further, step(2)It is 45 ~ 50 DEG C that heating, which keeps the temperature of seed-soaking liquid, when operating the immersion treatment described in a.
Further, step(2)It operates described in b60The dosage rate during processing of Co- gamma-ray irradiations is 5 ~ 5.5Gy/
min。
Further, step(3)The frequency for operating the supersound process described in a is 100 ~ 110kHz.
The existing processing method for seeds such as sweet osmanthus is more, such as ultrasonication, microwave irradiation processing, x ray irradiation x
Processing, solution immersion treatment etc., but its mode used is more single, while its purpose used is also more single, be mostly for
Promote the germination percentage of fragrans seed.Present invention optimizes the processing methods to fragrans seed, improve the quality of fragrans seed,
Its germinating growth characteristic is improved, and improves the nutritive value of sweet osmanthus.Single treatment first wherein has been carried out to fragrans seed, has been had
Body is that seed first is put into immersion treatment in seed-soaking liquid, is carried out immediately60The processing of Co- gamma-ray irradiations, is used60Co- gamma-rays
Radiation treatment fragrans seed is relatively conventional, although it can effectively improve the germination characteristic of fragrans seed, high dose60Co- gamma-ray irradiations can reduce this improvement, and applicant has found in a large amount of experiment60Co- gamma-ray irradiation accumulated doses
The germination percentage of fragrans seed can effectively be promoted very well when no more than 350Gy, the effect handled when more than this intensity can not
It is disconnected to decline, but in order to utilize60The processing of Co- gamma-ray irradiations is to the effect of fragrans seed gene and chromosome Mutation induction, application
People will60The accumulated dose of Co- gamma-ray irradiations processing is adjusted to 450 ~ 495Gy, finds this intensity60Co- gamma-ray irradiations handle energy
The effective nutrient absorption property for improving seed and follow-up sweet osmanthus plant improves the nutrition conversion crystallized ability of sweet osmanthus plant,
So as to improve the nutritive value of sweet osmanthus, and60Co- gamma-ray irradiations before processing has carried out the operation of seed-soaking liquid immersion treatment, leaching
The ingredients such as chitosan, nucleotide, Prohexadione calcium in kind liquid can coordinate the stability for promoting the ingredients such as a variety of enzymes in seed jointly
And activity, significantly reduce this high intensity60Co- gamma-ray irradiations processing bring the problem of damage to percentage of seedgermination characteristic,
The treatment effect of single treatment entirety is improved, after-treatment has been carried out to fragrans seed again later, has specifically first put seed
Enter into ultrasonic irradiation instrument and be ultrasonically treated, carry out low-temperature treatment immediately, the ultrasonic irradiation processing first carried out can be effective
The activity for promoting a variety of enzymes in seed, enhance the germination activity of seed, the low-temperature treatment then carried out can appropriateness enhancing
To the stress stimulation of seed, improve its resistance, improve the growth situation of seed and follow-up sweet osmanthus plant, progress it is multiple
Ultrasonic irradiation-low-temperature treatment circulate operation strengthens the promotion of the effect, more conducively seed performance of above-mentioned processing.
The present invention has the following advantages compared with prior art:
The present invention has carried out the processing method of fragrans seed special improvement processing, effectively improves the product of fragrans seed
Matter improves its germinating growth characteristic, and improves the nutritive value of sweet osmanthus, has good economic benefit and promotes and applies valency
Value.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
A kind of processing method of fragrans seed, includes the following steps:
(1)It is prepared by seed:
During 3 ~ April, when the pericarp color of sweet osmanthus fruit is changed into hyacinthine by green, by fruit from tree body
It takes, fruit is then put into immersion treatment 20h in clear water, stranding goes after pulp that seed is put into immersion treatment in clear water again
16h skims the seed swum on the water surface, pulls out and sinks to water-bed seed, be finally placed on shady place air-dry it is spare;
(2)Seed single treatment:
A. by step(1)Treated, and seed is put into seed-soaking liquid, is taken out after immersion treatment 2h spare;The seed soaking
Each ingredient and its corresponding parts by weight are in liquid:8 parts of chitosans, 10 parts of glucose, 6 parts of nucleotide, 3 parts of boraxs, 2 parts of sulfuric acid Asias
Iron, 0.1 part of Prohexadione calcium, 150 parts of water;
B. will operation a treated that seed is put into60Radiation treatment is carried out in Co- gamma-ray irradiation instrument, after handling 90min
Seed is taken out spare;
(3)Seed after-treatment:
A. by step(2)Treated, and seed is put into ultrasonic irradiation instrument is ultrasonically treated, by seed after 6min
It takes out spare;
B. will operation a treated that seed is put into insulating box, it is 3 DEG C to keep the temperature in insulating box, isothermal holding
It is taken out after 12min spare;
C. will operation b treated that seed is placed again into ultrasonic irradiation instrument is ultrasonically treated, carry out repeating behaviour
Make the processing of a, this operation a and operation b two steps operations are combined into a circular treatment, amount to after carrying out 4 circular treatments to seed
It takes out spare;
(4)Keep the temperature vernalization processing:
By step(3)Treated, and seed is put into germinating box, and it is 26 DEG C to keep the temperature in germinating box, relative humidity
It is 80%, takes out and can be sowed after vernalization processing 5h.
Further, step(2)It is 45 DEG C that heating, which keeps the temperature of seed-soaking liquid, when operating the immersion treatment described in a.
Further, step(2)It operates described in b60The dosage rate during processing of Co- gamma-ray irradiations is 5Gy/min.
Further, step(3)The frequency for operating the supersound process described in a is 100kHz.
Embodiment 2
A kind of processing method of fragrans seed, includes the following steps:
(1)It is prepared by seed:
During 3 ~ April, when the pericarp color of sweet osmanthus fruit is changed into hyacinthine by green, by fruit from tree body
It takes, fruit is then put into immersion treatment 22h in clear water, stranding goes after pulp that seed is put into immersion treatment in clear water again
18h skims the seed swum on the water surface, pulls out and sinks to water-bed seed, be finally placed on shady place air-dry it is spare;
(2)Seed single treatment:
A. by step(1)Treated, and seed is put into seed-soaking liquid, is taken out after immersion treatment 2.5h spare;The leaching
Each ingredient and its corresponding parts by weight are in kind liquid:10 parts of chitosans, 13 parts of glucose, 8 parts of nucleotide, 4 parts of boraxs, 3 parts of sulfuric acid
Ferrous iron, 0.15 part of Prohexadione calcium, 180 parts of water;
B. will operation a treated that seed is put into60Radiation treatment is carried out in Co- gamma-ray irradiation instrument, after handling 90min
Seed is taken out spare;
(3)Seed after-treatment:
A. by step(2)Treated, and seed is put into ultrasonic irradiation instrument is ultrasonically treated, by seed after 7min
It takes out spare;
B. will operation a treated that seed is put into insulating box, it is 4 DEG C to keep the temperature in insulating box, isothermal holding
It is taken out after 14min spare;
C. will operation b treated that seed is placed again into ultrasonic irradiation instrument is ultrasonically treated, carry out repeating behaviour
Make the processing of a, this operation a and operation b two steps operations are combined into a circular treatment, amount to after carrying out 4 circular treatments to seed
It takes out spare;
(4)Keep the temperature vernalization processing:
By step(3)Treated, and seed is put into germinating box, and it is 26.5 DEG C to keep the temperature in germinating box, relatively wet
It is 83% to spend, and takes out and can be sowed after vernalization processing 6h.
Further, step(2)It is 48 DEG C that heating, which keeps the temperature of seed-soaking liquid, when operating the immersion treatment described in a.
Further, step(2)It operates described in b60The dosage rate during processing of Co- gamma-ray irradiations is 5.3Gy/min.
Further, step(3)The frequency for operating the supersound process described in a is 105kHz.
Embodiment 3
A kind of processing method of fragrans seed, includes the following steps:
(1)It is prepared by seed:
During 3 ~ April, when the pericarp color of sweet osmanthus fruit is changed into hyacinthine by green, by fruit from tree body
It takes, fruit then is put into immersion treatment in clear water, and for 24 hours, stranding goes after pulp that seed is put into immersion treatment in clear water again
20h skims the seed swum on the water surface, pulls out and sinks to water-bed seed, be finally placed on shady place air-dry it is spare;
(2)Seed single treatment:
A. by step(1)Treated, and seed is put into seed-soaking liquid, is taken out after immersion treatment 3h spare;The seed soaking
Each ingredient and its corresponding parts by weight are in liquid:12 parts of chitosans, 15 parts of glucose, 10 parts of nucleotide, 5 parts of boraxs, 4 parts of sulfuric acid Asias
Iron, 0.2 part of Prohexadione calcium, 200 parts of water;
B. will operation a treated that seed is put into60Radiation treatment is carried out in Co- gamma-ray irradiation instrument, after handling 90min
Seed is taken out spare;
(3)Seed after-treatment:
A. by step(2)Treated, and seed is put into ultrasonic irradiation instrument is ultrasonically treated, by seed after 8min
It takes out spare;
B. will operation a treated that seed is put into insulating box, it is 5 DEG C to keep the temperature in insulating box, isothermal holding
It is taken out after 15min spare;
C. will operation b treated that seed is placed again into ultrasonic irradiation instrument is ultrasonically treated, carry out repeating behaviour
Make the processing of a, this operation a and operation b two steps operations are combined into a circular treatment, amount to after carrying out 5 circular treatments to seed
It takes out spare;
(4)Keep the temperature vernalization processing:
By step(3)Treated, and seed is put into germinating box, and it is 27 DEG C to keep the temperature in germinating box, relative humidity
It is 85%, takes out and can be sowed after vernalization processing 7h.
Further, step(2)It is 50 DEG C that heating, which keeps the temperature of seed-soaking liquid, when operating the immersion treatment described in a.
Further, step(2)It operates described in b60The dosage rate during processing of Co- gamma-ray irradiations is 5.5Gy/min.
Further, step(3)The frequency for operating the supersound process described in a is 110kHz.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example 1 compared with Example 2, saves step(2)Operation a processing in seed single treatment, except this
Outer method and step all same.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example 2 compared with Example 2, saves step(2)Operation b processing in seed single treatment, except this
Outer method and step all same.
Comparative example 3
This comparative example 3 compared with Example 2, saves step(3)Operation a processing in seed after-treatment, except this
Outer method and step all same.
Comparative example 4
This comparative example 4 compared with Example 2, saves step(3)Operation b processing in seed after-treatment, except this
Outer method and step all same.
Comparative example 5
This comparative example 5 compared with Example 2, saves step(2)The whole operation of seed single treatment, in addition to this
Method and step all same.
Comparative example 6
This comparative example 6 compared with Example 2, saves step(3)The whole operation of seed after-treatment, in addition to this
Method and step all same.
Control group
Existing fragrans seed processing method.
In order to compare effect of the present invention, select green hill silver osmanthus kind sweet osmanthus that will be acquired as experimental subjects to it with a batch
Fragrans seed respectively with above-described embodiment 2, comparative example 1, comparative example 2, comparative example 3, comparative example 4,
Comparative example 5, comparative example 6, the method described in control group are handled, and use identical side to fragrans seed after the completion
Method carries out sowing management, then the germination percentage of statistic record seed is transplanted the seedling being bred as using identical method
Cultivate administration, growth condition etc. is identical and suitable, and the sweet osmanthus flower educated after persistently cultivating 8 years to it carries out nutritional ingredient and contains
Examination is measured, counts and records, specific correction data is as shown in table 1 below:
Table 1
Note:Germination percentage described in upper table 1 is to count the germination percentage after fragrans seed is sowed 20 days;The ripe sweet osmanthus
Flower is the ripe flower of eight age osmanthus fragrans that each group is educated, wherein soluble sugar content tested using anthrone method, can
Dissolubility protein content is tested using Coomassie brilliant G-250 decoration method, flavones content uses Al(NO3)3-NaNO2Method carries out
Test.
Processing method of the present invention can not only effectively promote the germination percentage of fragrans seed it can be seen from upper table 1, simultaneously also
The characteristic of fragrans seed can be improved, hence it is evident that improve the nutritive value of sweet osmanthus that the later stage educates, have good economic benefit and
Application value.