CN1073701C - Intelligent spiral capacitor type apparatus for testing water content in oil and testing method thereof - Google Patents
Intelligent spiral capacitor type apparatus for testing water content in oil and testing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN1073701C CN1073701C CN 95106853 CN95106853A CN1073701C CN 1073701 C CN1073701 C CN 1073701C CN 95106853 CN95106853 CN 95106853 CN 95106853 A CN95106853 A CN 95106853A CN 1073701 C CN1073701 C CN 1073701C
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Abstract
The present invention provides an intellectualized spiral capacitive apparatus for detecting water in oil and a measuring method. The present invention has the structure that a pair of curved surface capacitive sensors are spirally distributed along measured pipe lines; a rotating electric field of which the angle is larger than 180 degrees is generated from one end of each sensor to the other end; one end of each sensor is provided with a pair of correspondingly installed conductance detecting probes, and the other end is provided with a temperature detecting probe of a platinum resistor. The water ratio in oil is obtained and displayed by data handling and the segmented counting of multiple parameters through an intellectualized single chip computer. The apparatus adopts the rotating electric field and the method of the segmented measurement of the multiple parameters, so the influence of flow patterns is reduced, and the measuring sensitivity and the measuring precision are enhanced.
Description
The present invention is a kind of two-phase type two component flow measuring instruments.
The measurement of Water in oil rate is the important topic that is run in two-phase flow commercial measurement and the laboratory study, adopt that capacitance measurement Water in oil rate has that equipment is simple, easy to use, cost is low, dynamic response is fast, reliability is high, noncontact, non-insertion, the fluid flow state is noiseless, the no pressure loss and can measure advantage such as the whole section of liquid-filled pipe, therefore is subjected to both at home and abroad the attention about the researchist.Yet adopt the greatest problem of capacitance method to be, the output that state that two-phase or two component flow distribute in the pipeline or flow pattern influence capacitive transducer, and fluid temperature (F.T.) is also very big to capacitive effect, is the severe nonlinear relation between capacitance and the water percentage, causes very big measuring error.For addressing this problem, someone has proposed the point-score that adopts rotating electric field to measure, the employing spirality curved surface electrode system that in " Capacitamcetransducers for non-intrusire measurement of wa-ter in crude oil " (F1ow Meas Instrum Vol.l Oct-ober 1989) literary composition, proposes as people such as E.A.HAMMER, make the end to end of sensor produce one 180 rotating electric field of spending, from electrode structure, tested liquid-filled pipe has been carried out the equalization processing, theoretical modeling and test findings show, the influence that this electrode is changed by flow state is very little, this civilian conclusion is: if oil is when the external phase in the mixed liquor, the measurement result of spiral electric capacity crude oil water containing analyzer will be changes with the distribution situation of two-phase flow; When flow state changed, it was than the good stability of the electric capacity crude oil water containing analyzer of present use.Can measure water cut from 0%-80% to the crude oil in oil field, the North Sea, but its shortcoming be to the Water in oil amount more than 80%, then can not measure during for water continuous phase.
In addition by pointing out in the low analyzer of water content technical manual in the DC-1000 oil of DELTAC company production: water percentage is when 0%-10%, be the binary linearity relation between measured value, temperature and the water percentage, can describe with three-dimensional planar, evidence, when water percentage was changed by 0%-100%, this three's relation became complicated serious Nonlinear Curved.
The invention provides and a kind ofly be not subjected to distribute mutually or flow pattern influences, insensitive to temperature variation, solved the serious nonlinear problem of measuring, and measured the very high spiral capacitance formula Water in oil rate detector of sensitivity, it measures Water in oil rate scope from 0% one 100%.
Spiral capacitance formula Water in oil detector is made of detecting sensor and microcontroller system; Detecting sensor is with standard flange 1, the one section glass fibre reinforced plastic insulating liquid-filled pipe 2 that connects, inwall is equipped with a pair of spiral camber electrode as capacitance measurement electrode 5,7, and 9,10 and temperature measurement probes 3 of a pair of conductance measurement electrode are overall as the on-the-spot detecting sensor of measuring; Microcontroller system is the one-chip computer intellectualizing system that can finish signal Processing, data filtering, multiparameter numerical evaluation, segmentation computing.
Technique effect of the present invention is, this spiral capacitance formula crude oil water containing measuring instrument, adopted fiberglass as insulating material, the lined capacitance structure, lining adopts water-repellent paint, inner wall smooth, so the disturbing effect that can compensation sensor inside causes, through rating test, its accuracy is ± 4%, reproducibility error is better than 1.0% (temperature error be better than ± 0.5%), can degree of precision measures the water cut in the crude oil.
This measuring instrument in addition, the specific inductive capacity that has shown fluid-mixing changes with mixture ratio, but be the severe nonlinear relation, when oil is external phase, water percentage and the relation of measuring between the electric capacity are approximate quafric curve, and when the profit phase transformation, capacitance produces a big saltus step, when water is that external phase is another kind of nonlinear relationship to changes in capacitance, referring to Fig. 6.To test with diesel oil and tap water mixed liquor, when temperature during at 40 ℃, trip point between 6 0% to 65%, and testing transformer is oily and the trip point of tap water mixed liquor between 50%～55%.If this specific character can not accomplish accurately to measure with conventional measuring method, also is the main difficult point place that mixed flow is measured.
Found through experiments in addition, capacitive transducer changes insensitive to pipe fluid pressure, but the convection cell temperature variation is very responsive, and change in flow also has certain influence, record mass data with this method by test of many times, grasped temperature and changes in capacitance rule.
The present invention has also done test to the percentage of moisture of fluid-mixing and the relation between the conductivity (resistance) by dynamic test and has also grasped rule wherein.Grasping on the basis that concerns between each parameter such as mixed flow flow mechanism and measurement electric capacity, electricity are led, temperature, flow velocity, the principal element that analyzing influence is measured, carry out lot of data analysis, processing with computing machine, select for use electric capacity and temperature as main measurement parameter at last, obtain the curved surface that concerns between temperature-electric capacity-water percentage (T-C-W), as Fig. 7; Carry out level and smooth, the recurrence, parameter optimization etc. of test figure again by computing machine, calculate the piecewise regression nonlinear multivariable data equation between temperature-electric capacity-water percentage (T-C-W), flow velocity is as parameter, electricity is led as subsidiary, to oily external phase and water continuous phase computing respectively, solve the nonlinear problem of measuring curve, realized the intellectuality of instrument thus.
Fig. 1 is a spiral capacitance survey sensor diagrammatic cross-section of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a spiral capacitance survey sensor A-A diagrammatic cross-section of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is a spiral capacitance survey sensor measure portion circuit block diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is a Computerized intelligent system block diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the circuit theory diagrams of spiral capacitance survey sensor measure portion of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is a dynamic test curve of the present invention, and its temperature of relation curve is in the time of 35 ℃ between water percentage-capacitance change;
Fig. 7 is the piecewise regression surface chart between temperature-electric capacity of the present invention-water percentage (T-C-W), W=0%～100%, T=35 ℃～55 ℃.
1 standard flange, 2 glass fibre reinforced plastic insulating liquid-filled pipes, 3 temperature measurement probes, 4 external shield electrodes, 5 capacitance measurement electrodes, 6 isolated electrodes, 7 capacitance measurement electrodes, 8 isolated electrodes, 9 conductance measurement electrodes, 10 conductance measurement electrodes, 11 high-strength insulating material, 12 tested liquid-filled pipes, 13 explosion-proof shells, 14 square wave oscillation sources, 15 adjust pulse width regulator, 16 real effectives-dc voltage changer, 17 direct current amplifiers, the 18T mode filter, 19 voltage to current converter, 20 resistance measuring circuits, 21 voltage-to-current translation circuits, 22 converter temperatures, 23 multiway analog switches, 24 analog quantitys-digital quantity converter, 25 microprocessors, 26 digital quantities-analog quantity converter, 27 voltage comparators, 28 nixie displaies, 291/ORS232,30EPROM, 31ROM, 32RAM, 33 adjustment computing machines, the Ic capacitance signal, the It temperature signal, the Ir dc power signal.
Realize preferred plan of the present invention as shown in the figure.Its structure and principle of work are:
Spiral camber capacitance measurement electrode is mounted in the inwall of tested liquid-filled pipe 12, having one deck high-strength insulating material 11 to make between capacitance measurement electrode 5,7 and the detected fluid insulate, capacitance measurement electrode 5,7 is for having two metal arcuation electrodes of identical subtended angle, they distribute along liquid-filled pipe axis spiral, make it to produce the rotating electric field of spending greater than 180 from the end to end of capacitive transducer, for preventing the electric leakage field between the two poles of the earth, also settled a pair of isolated electrode 6,8 at two interpolars, they rotate same angle with central electrode.For preventing the interference of ambient electromagnetic field, the sensor outer wall is settled layer of metal guarded electrode 4.
Electricity is led detecting electrode 9,10, be mounted in the downstream of tested liquid-filled pipe capacitance measurement electrode, keep certain distance with capacitive transducer, do conductance measurement electrode 9,10 by rotational symmetry up and down and two metal probes being inserted in the tested pipeline, their metal part directly contacts with detected fluid, with the conductivity of test fluid.
Temperature detection probe 3 is the upstreams that are placed in capacitive transducer, and keeps one section metallic seal sleeve pipe in the tested liquid-filled pipe of being inserted in of certain distance with it, and inside is equipped with the online detection of the temperature sensor of platinum resistance as fluid temperature (F.T.).
Can finish the numerical evaluation of signal Processing, digital filtering, multiparameter, the one-chip computer intellectualizing system of segmentation numerical evaluation, forming one by two parts is to be placed in signal measurement and processing section (as Fig. 1) in the circular explosion-proof shell 13 on the sensor, another part is mounted in the calculation control case, by multi-way switch, analog to digital conversion, microprocessor, preset calculation procedure and digital-to-analog conversion, RS232, RS422, several parts such as output interface are formed (as Fig. 4).Finish the signal Processing of electric capacity, temperature and conductance signal, data filtering and numerical evaluation etc. are directly imported the numeral demonstration of Water in oil rate degree or are exported to the host computer signal.
Capacitance measurement system; because the spiral capacitance pole plate is long, area is big and the influence of the various distributed capacitance of guard electrode, guarded electrode, makes measured capacitance have very big primary capacitance, makes troubles to measurement; therefore strobe pulse transfers wide method to carry out the measurement of electric capacity electricity, as shown in Figure 3.Produce the square-wave signal of fixed frequency by square wave oscillation source 14.Measured capacitance Cx carries out the charging and discharging duty by Vc through Rc, when reaching given voltage, charging produces signal, to adjust the output pulse width of pulse width regulator 15, when measured capacitance Cx is big, pulsewidth strengthens, otherwise pulsewidth reduces, and has guaranteed that measured capacitance and pulse width are linear.Through real effective-dc voltage changer 16, pulse signal is changed into corresponding d. c. voltage signal.Through direct current amplifier 17, twin-T filter 18, voltage to current converter 19 capacitance signal is become again and be standard meter output current signal Ic (4-20mA), send one of calculation control case input signal as intellectualizing system.Fluid resistance Rx signal is through resistance measuring circuit 20 in addition, and voltage-DC transfer circuit 21 is transformed into standard dc current signal Ir (4-20mA) with resistance signal, send one of calculation control case input signal as intellectualizing system.Also have temperature survey platinum resistance Rt,, resistance signal is transformed into standard dc current signal Ir (4-20mA), send one of calculation control case input signal as intellectualizing system through temperature transmitter 22.Finished the measurement of electric capacity, resistance, temperature three signals like this.
The intellectualizing system part block scheme that is installed in the calculation control case is seen Fig. 4, it is by multiway analog switch 23, analog quantity-digital quantity converter 24, voltage comparator 27, microprocessor 25, EPROM30, ROM31, RAM32, nixie display 23, digital quantity-analog quantity converter 26, data I/ORS23229 partly forms.Capacitance signal Ic, two simulating signals of temperature signal It are via multiway analog switch 23 samplings of system clock control, become digital signal through analog quantity-digital quantity converter 24 and send microprocessor 25, and resistance signal Ir is through voltage comparator 27, simulating signal is become switching signal send microprocessor 25, through setting in advance at EPROM30, ROM31, software among the RAM32 carries out digital signal processing, data filtering, the multiparameter numerical evaluation, output and the corresponding signal of crude oil water content after the segmentation computing, it can show on the spot through nixie display 28, also can become the standard meter current signal through digital quantity-analog quantity converter 26, output 4-20mA can also serve the computer digit signal through data I/ORS23229.Adjustment computing machine 33 is used for adjusting and measuring on line instrument parameter in addition.
The software of this spiral capacitance formula crude oil water containing measuring instrument is with ASMSI assembly language editor, adopting 8031 single-chip microcomputers to add eight selects a multi-way switch that on-site signal is converted to digital quantity by the A/D chip by analog quantity to deposit processor in, signal is carried out data processing, by the D/A chip data volume is converted to analog quantity then and send into display demonstration output.
Program is at first given chip initiation, in order to improve the operational precision of data processing, same semaphore was repeatedly sampled in the same comparatively speaking period, therefore will put sampling number exists in the 8031 chip ram cells, while unit, smart data buffer, in order to put the data of calculating, declare the P1.6 mouth of 8031 chips then, this port is as a resistance control signal, if port signal for " 0 " then the data processing equation put high-end equation formula, if port signal is " 1 ", then the data processing equation is put low side equation formula, walks the low side handling procedure, when judging the P1.6 mouth, if " 0 " walks high-end handling procedure, in internal storage location, put a Data Labels position simultaneously.Again put the stack pointer counter.First sampling capacitance amount is also put a zone bit in internal memory simultaneously, and mode transfer is intended the conversion input subroutine then.Because of the sampling data volume be 12, convert the data volume of eight of two bytes again to, so transfer high and low eight recon programs.
In order to improve the data operation precision, reduce error, all data of participating in computing all become floating number by integer, so transfer earlier integer become the floating number subroutine, the corresponding decimal system conversion of floating number sexadecimal, transfer polynomial computation electric capacity subroutine again, it is temporary that the capacitance signal amount of conversion is sent into the data buffer, with formula evaluation Y1=B9XC
3+ B5XC
2+ B2XC+B0.Wherein B9, B5, B2, B0 are constant terms, are pre-existing in the data buffer, when needing to use constant, directly peek in the data buffer, and XC is the measured capacitance amount, and constant term and measured variable all are metric floating numbers.The numerical value Y1 that draws by computing deposits the data buffer in.Temperature adjustment degree sampling subroutine and analog-converted, the exchange of high and low position, integer becomes floating-point, and subroutines such as the floating-point sexadecimal conversion decimal system are transferred polynomial computation temperature quantum program afterwards.Calculate Y2=B6XT
3+ B3XT
2+ B1XT.Wherein B6, B3, B1 are constant terms, also are pre-existing in the data buffer, and XT is the dut temperature signal.Obtaining the Y2 data by computing deposits in the data buffer, Y1, Y2 data are taken out in the data buffer again and calculate electric capacity and temperature data computing sum and obtain data Y 3 and deposit the data buffer in extremely, afterwards, branch is clipped to the data buffer and gets tested temperature data.Tested capacitance data, zone bit to internal storage location inquiry P1.6 mouth, " if 1 ", fetch data and handle the low side equation coefficient, handle high-end equation coefficient otherwise fetch data, take out constant B4, B7, B8 measured capacitance data XC then respectively to the data buffer, dut temperature data XT, calculate electric capacity, temperature signal product term sum Y4=B4XCXT+B7XT
2XC+B8XTXC
2, taking out data Y 3 again from the data buffer, computational data Y5=Y3+Y4, numerical value Y5 are exactly the net result of data processing operation.It is temporary that data Y 5 deposits the data buffer in.Master routine is declared sample count and time is counted to ten times not then, does not turn back to the sampled analog signal to master routine.Otherwise, transfer number again, send number, the addition subroutine, accumulation calculating gets the Y5 data, and then transfers division subroutine to calculate the data mean value of Y5, and the result who the obtains data buffer of restoring is temporary, whether the numerical value of the data Y 5 of judgment processing is negative or denys less than numerical value 1 simultaneously, if the data-switching of processing becomes analog quantity to be output as 1V, if the data of Y5 are greater than 5V, the data-switching of handling becomes analog quantity to be output as 5V, if Y5 numerical value is not above-mentioned value, so just this floating number decimal system is converted to sexadecimal number, convert integer simultaneously again to, the data-signal of eight of two bytes is converted to 12 bit data amounts, adjusting data conversion output subroutine converts data volume to analog quantity, shows after the output, transfer time delay subroutine, master routine returns original state simultaneously.
Claims (8)
1, spiral capacitance formula Water in oil detector, it is characterized in that this instrument is by detecting sensor, microcontroller system is formed, detecting sensor is the one section glass fibre reinforced plastic insulating liquid-filled pipe (2) that connects with standard flange (1), inwall is equipped with a pair of spiral camber electrode as capacitance measurement electrode (5), (7), a pair of conductance measurement electrode (9), (10) and a temperature measurement probe (3), overall as the on-the-spot detecting sensor of measuring, adopt fiberglass as insulating material, the lined capacitance structure, and lining adopts water-repellent paint, the disturbing effect that can compensation sensor inside causes, microcontroller system is to finish signal Processing, data filtering, the multiparameter numerical evaluation, the microcontroller system of segmentation computing, and according to the curved surface that concerns between temperature-electric capacity-water percentage, at W=0%-100%, under T=35-55 ℃ the condition, get flow velocity as parameter, electricity is led as auxiliary variable and to oily external phase and water continuous phase and is carried out Computer Processing respectively, solves to measure the non-linear of curve.
2, according to the described spiral capacitance formula of claim 1 Water in oil detector, it is characterized in that described spiral camber capacitance measurement electrode (5), (7) be mounted in the inwall of tested liquid-filled pipe (12), having one deck high-strength insulating material (11) to make between electrode and the detected fluid insulate, the capacitance measurement electrode is two metal arcuation electrodes with identical subtended angle, distribute along liquid-filled pipe axis spiral, make it to produce the rotating electric field of spending greater than 180 from the end to end of capacitive transducer, at two interpolars a pair of isolated electrode (6) is installed, (8), rotate with central electrode, layer of metal guarded electrode (4) is installed at the sensor outer wall.
3, according to the described spiral capacitance formula of claim 1 Water in oil detector, it is characterized in that the conductance measurement utmost point (9), (10) are mounted in the downstream of tested liquid-filled pipe capacitance measurement electrode, with capacitive transducer be that the capacitance measurement electrode keeps certain distance, for rotational symmetry up and down is inserted into two metal probe electrodes in the tested pipeline, its metal part directly contacts the conductivity with test fluid with detected fluid.
4, according to the described spiral capacitance formula of claim 1 Water in oil detector, it is characterized in that temperature measurement probe (3) is platinum resistance, being installed in capacitive transducer is the upstream of capacitance measurement electrode, and keep certain distance with it, be inserted in one section metallic seal sleeve pipe in the tested liquid-filled pipe, in platinum resistance is housed.
5, spiral capacitance formula Water in oil detector according to claim 1, it is characterized in that finishing the numerical evaluation of signal Processing, data filtering, multiparameter, the microcontroller system of segmentation numerical evaluation, be by being installed in signal measurement and the processing section in the explosion-proof shell on the sensor (13) and being installed in the control box, multi-way switch, analog to digital conversion, microprocessor, give put calculation procedure and digital-to-analog conversion RS232, RS422, output interface is formed.
6, the software of spiral capacitance formula Water in oil detector according to claim 1 is to adopt 8031 single-chip microcomputers to add eight with ASMSI assembly language editor to select a multi-way switch that on-site signal is converted to digital quantity by the A/D chip by analog quantity to deposit processor in, signal is carried out data processing, become data-switching analog quantity to send into display by the D/A chip then and show output.
7, spiral capacitance formula Water in oil detector according to claim 1 or 5, it is characterized in that being installed in signal measurement and processing section in the garden shape explosion-proof shell (13) on the sensor, capacitance measurement is by square wave oscillation source (14), produce the square-wave signal of fixed frequency, measured capacitance Cx carries out the charging and discharging duty by Vc through Rc, when reaching given voltage, charging produces signal, with width in the output arteries and veins of adjusting pulse width regulator (15), make in measured capacitance and the arteries and veins width linear, through real effective one direct current electric pressure converter (16), pulse signal is changed into corresponding d. c. voltage signal, pass through direct current amplifier (17) again, double-T shaped wave filter (18), voltage--power pack (19) becomes capacitance signal for standard meter output signal Ic and send one of calculation control case input signal as intellectualizing system; Fluid resistance Rx signal is through resistance measuring circuit (20), and voltage one DC transfer circuit (21) is transformed into standard dc current signal Ir with resistance signal, send one of calculation control case input signal as intellectualizing system; Temperature survey platinum resistance Rt through temperature transmitter (22), is transformed into standard dc current signal Ir with resistance signal, send one of calculation control case input signal as intellectualizing system, finishes the measurement of electric capacity, resistance, three signals of temperature.
8, spiral capacitance formula Water in oil detector according to claim 1 or 5, it is characterized in that the intellectualizing system that is installed in the calculation control case is by multiway analog switch (23), analog quantity one digital quantity converter (24), voltage comparator (27), microprocessor (25), EPROM (30), ROM (31), RAM (32), nixie display (28) digital quantity one analog quantity converter (26), data I/ORS232 (29) forms, capacitance signal Ic, temperature signal It, two simulating signals are sampled via the multiway analog switch (23) of system clock control, become digital signal through analog quantity one digital quantity converter (24) and send microprocessor (25), resistance signal Ir is through voltage comparator (27), simulating signal is become switching signal send microprocessor (25), be arranged on EPROM (30) earlier through giving, ROM (31), software among the RAM (32) carries out digital signal processing, data filtering, the multiparameter numerical evaluation, export after the segmentation computing, can show through nixie display (28), also can become the output of standard meter current signal through digital quantity one analog quantity converter (26), also can send the computer digit signal through data I/ORS232 (29), outer adjustment computing machine (33) is used for adjusting and measuring on line.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 95106853 CN1073701C (en) | 1995-06-22 | 1995-06-22 | Intelligent spiral capacitor type apparatus for testing water content in oil and testing method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 95106853 CN1073701C (en) | 1995-06-22 | 1995-06-22 | Intelligent spiral capacitor type apparatus for testing water content in oil and testing method thereof |
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| CN1147090A CN1147090A (en) | 1997-04-09 |
| CN1073701C true CN1073701C (en) | 2001-10-24 |
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| CN 95106853 Expired - Lifetime CN1073701C (en) | 1995-06-22 | 1995-06-22 | Intelligent spiral capacitor type apparatus for testing water content in oil and testing method thereof |
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1995
- 1995-06-22 CN CN 95106853 patent/CN1073701C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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According to article 9 of the patent law and article 13 of the detailed rules for the implementation of the patent law: 95106853.9 of the invention patents in the current issue of authorization announcement, and at the same time corresponding to the 95215566.4 utility model patent to be given up, and in the 17 volume of the 43 issue of the new type of communique on the patent right to abandon the announcement. |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C17 | Cessation of patent right | ||
| CX01 | Expiry of patent term |
Expiration termination date: 20150622 Granted publication date: 20011024 |